Up to 5 typical design characteristics are used for engine identification. These are explained below using 2 examples.
| Petrol engine (example) | Diesel engine (example) |
|---|
| Z | Exhaust emissions standard | Y | Exhaust emissions standard |
| 16 | Engine size | 20 | Engine size |
| Y | Compression ratio | D | Mixture system |
| E | Mixture system | T | Special version |
| | H | Special version |
Explanation
| Exhaust emissions standard | Y | 68/69/EC, Euro 3/D3 or Euro 3/D4 |
|---|
| Z | 68/69/EC, Euro 3/D4 or Euro 4 |
| Engine size | x 0.1 = Cubic capacity in litres |
| Compression ratio (petrol) | L | > 8.5 – 9.0 : 1 | X | > 10.0 – 11.5 : 1 |
| N | > 9.0 – 9.5 : 1 | Y | > 13.0 : 1 |
| S | > 9.0 – 10.0 : 1 | | |
| Mixture system | D | Diesel | | |
| E | Injection | | |
| Special version (as required) | H | High performance / supercharged | R | Increased output |
| L | Low performance / supercharging | T | Turbocharging |
