Engine Performance Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Diagnostics - 3 of 14 (Convertible): Other Volvo C70 I

Faulty signal. Intermittent fault

See Faulty signal. Intermittent fault

Faulty signal. Permanent fault

See Faulty signal. Permanent fault

EFI-435: Front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) too slow

Condition

Scheme 167

The engine control module (ECM) continuously monitors the time (period 3.3 seconds) it takes for the HO2S to switch from rich to lean and back to rich again. If this time is too long, the engine control module (ECM) interprets this as a fault in the front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) and diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-435 is stored.

Substitute Value

1. Twin heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) control disabled
2. Pulsed secondary air injection (PAIR) diagnostic disabled.

Possible Source

1. Uneven compression
2. Air leakage in the intake system
3. Air leakage in the exhaust system
4. Faulty fuel pressure
5. Defective front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S).

Fault symptom[s]

1. May result in poor performance.

Faulty signal

EFI-435 Front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) too slow

Scheme 168

1. Carry out a compression check as per «Compression test»(ref-404029-S33633901992011061000000) .

Is the compression in any cylinder incorrect?

1. YES Refer to «Fault tracing information»(ref-404030-S19006856012011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking for air leakage»(ref-404030-S12407307082011061000000)

Fault tracing information

1. Rectify as necessary.

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S22992613482011061000000)

Checking fuel and residual pressures

1. Check fuel and residual pressure according to «Fuel pressure and residual pressure»(ref-404030-S31009231792011061000000) .

Are fuel and residual pressures OK?

Replacing Front Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)

1. Try a new front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S).

Scheme 169

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S22992613482011061000000)

Checking for air leakage in the intake system

1. Check if there is any air leakage as per «Checking intake system»(ref-403972-S03662800352011061000000) .

Scheme 170

Is there any air leakage?

1. YES Refer to «Fault tracing information»(ref-404030-S07375176222011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking for air leakage in the exhaust system»(ref-404030-S21499889932011061000000)

1. Rectify as necessary.

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S22992613482011061000000)

Scheme 171

1. Check if there is any air leakage as per «Checking exhaust system»(ref-403972-S23167774972011061000000) .

Is there any air leakage?

1. YES Refer to «Fault tracing information»(ref-404030-S07375176222011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Check the fuel pump relay's two-stage function»(ref-404030-S40296375442011061000000)

Fuel pressure and residual pressure

Special tools

See 9812270

See 9812273

See 9812282

See 9989725

See 9995011

Scheme 172

Scheme 173

Scheme 174

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove fuse no. 2. Connect a Fluke multimeter (or equivalent), set to measure DC, between fuse no. 2's tabs in the fuse-holder. NOTE: The VIDA station could not be used in this measurement. Start the engine.

Rev. the engine; at speeds above 3000 RPM, current consumption should be higher than at speeds below 3000 RPM.

1. OK Refer to «Checking fuel pressure and residual pressure»(ref-404030-S14884386242011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking full-speed»(ref-404030-S13806307902011061000000)

Scheme 175

Scheme 176

Scheme 177

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the cover from the central electrical unit.
3. Remove the fuel pump relay (pos. 103 in the central electrical unit)
4. Connect a lead between the relay connector 1 and 3.
5. Ignition on. Check that the fuel pump is working by gently squeezing the hose leading to the fuel pressure regulator. A slight pulsating sensation is felt if the fuel pump is working.

Is the fuel pump working?

1. YES Refer to «Checking half-speed»(ref-404030-S17640585862011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking for open-circuit»(ref-404030-S31354693422011061000000)

Scheme 178

1. Check the lead between the fuel pump relay connector 3 and the fuel pump connector 1 for signs of a break as per «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Scheme 179

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S03025722192011061000000)

Scheme 180

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the lead linking connector 1 and 3 on the fuel pump relay connector.
3. Connect the lead between the relay coupling's connector 1 and 5.
4. Ignition on. Check that the fuel pump is working by gently squeezing the hose leading to the fuel pressure regulator. A slight pulsating sensation is felt if the pump is working.

Is the fuel pump working?

1. YES Refer to «Replacement of component»(ref-404030-S00491990732011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Check the lead between the relay and the series resistance.»(ref-404030-S36819822392011061000000)

Checking for open-circuit

1. Check the lead between the fuel pump relay connector 5 and the series resistance, connector 2, for signs of a break as per «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S03025722192011061000000)

Scheme 181

Scheme 182

Scheme 183

1. Ignition off.
2. Series resistance disconnected. Connect an ohmmeter between the series resistance's coupling 1 and 2 (to series resistance).

The ohmmeter should show approx. 0.9 W.

1. OK Refer to «Checking for open-circuit»(ref-404030-S41731936652011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Replacement of component»(ref-404030-S35730050852011061000000)

1. Check the lead between the series resistance connector 1 and fuel pump connector 1 for signs of a break as per «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Press Continue when fault is repaired

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S03025722192011061000000)

Verification

HINT: After repair, it is necessary to check that the fault has been corrected.

HINT: Perform as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Reconnect connectors, components etc.
3. Remove fuse no. 2. Connect a Fluke multimeter (or equivalent), set to measure DC, between fuse no. 2's tabs in the fuse-holder. NOTE: The VIDA station could not be used in this measurement. Start the engine

Rev. the engine; at speeds above 3000 RPM, current consumption should be higher than at speeds below 3000 RPM.

1. OK OKAY: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S18682749732011061000000)

The fault should be diagnosed and remedied. Since this is not the case the fault-tracing process has failed.

Complete the fault-tracing for those fault or try again.

Checking fuel pressure and residual pressure

Special tools

See 9812270

See 9812273

See 9812282

See 9989725

See 9995011

See 9995479

See 9995843

See 9985496

See 9995230

Choosing a method for taking a reading

It is possible to measure fuel pressure with the car stationary or while being driven. Residual pressure is measured with the car stationary.

For measurement while the car is being driven see Taking fuel pressure readings while driving the car .

1. Continue Refer to «Checking vacuum hose to pressure regulator»(ref-404030-S28666315942011061000000)

Scheme 184

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove throttle pulley cover.
3. Disconnect vacuum hose from pressure regulator. Check that the hose is not blocked by blowing into it.

Is the hose OK?

1. YES Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S36429468522011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking hose and connection»(ref-404030-S23730212072011061000000)

Checking hose and connection

1. Check hose and terminal on intake manifold, clean/replace.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S25804152532011061000000)

Scheme 185

1. Supplement pressure gauge «9995011»(ref-403953-S13051471402011061000000) with nipple «9989725»(ref-403953-S30652708112011061000000) and adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000) before use.
2. Connect adapter to valve on fuel rail, with adapter in locked position (valve closed as in 1 of (Scheme 185) ).
3. Turn pressure gauge cock so it faces adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000).
4. Connect other pressure gauge connector to fuel draining unit «9812270»(ref-403953-S06137301002011061000000), «9812273»(ref-403953-S13586864282011061000000) and «9812282»(ref-403953-S26175172122011061000000).
5. Unlock adapter (illustration 2 valve open).

1. Continue Refer to «Starting fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S32358928072011061000000)

Starting fuel pump (FP)

1. Remove central electrical unit cover.
2. Remove fuel pump relay (position 103 in electrical distribution unit).
3. Connect a cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3. Ignition on.

Fuel pump (FP) should operate.

1. Continue Refer to «Measuring line pressure»(ref-404030-S11421565722011061000000)

Measuring line pressure

1. Read off line pressure from pressure gauge.

Scheme 186

Line pressure should be 300 kPa (3.0 kp/cm 2).

1. OK Refer to «Checking fuel filter»(ref-404030-S29801636462011061000000)
2. LOW Refer to «Line pressure too low»(ref-404030-S30773814892011061000000)
3. HIGH Refer to «Line pressure too high»(ref-404030-S14435434622011061000000)

Scheme 187

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the cable between the relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Disconnect return line from pressure regulator. Blow through the line into the fuel tank.

Is cable OK?

1. YES Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S11177942052011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S42656508382011061000000)

Replacing Pressure Regulator

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Scheme 188

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S25804152532011061000000)

Checking for blockage

1. Check if there is a blockage in the return line. Clean and replace as necessary.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S25804152532011061000000)

1. Remove central electrical unit cover.
2. Remove fuel pump relay (position 103 in electrical distribution unit).
3. Connect a cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3. Ignition on.

Fuel pump (FP) should operate.

1. Continue Refer to «Measuring line pressure»(ref-404030-S02035677732011061000000)

1. Read off line pressure from pressure gauge.

Line pressure should be 300 kPa (3.0 kp/cm 2).

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S32717451282011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S02881064062011061000000)

Line pressure too low

1. Squeeze the return line and check is the pressure rises.

Scheme 189

Did the pressure increase?

1. YES Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S09989857272011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S41970067932011061000000)

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S25804152532011061000000)

1. Check filter gauze at fuel pump (FP). If it is OK: Replace fuel pump (FP) according to «Fuel pump, replacement»(ref-403955-S31180271392011061000000)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S25804152532011061000000)

Checking fuel filter

1. Squeeze the return line and check if pressure increases quickly or slowly.

Did the pressure increase quickly?

1. YES Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure reduction»(ref-404030-S20860488222011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S41917777312011061000000)

Replacing Fuel Filter

1. Replace fuel filter according to «Fuel filter, replacement»(ref-403955-S09321901802011061000000) .

Scheme 190

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S41551941222011061000000)

1. Squeeze the return line and check if pressure increases quickly or slowly.

Did the pressure increase quickly?

1. YES Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S32717451282011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S02881064062011061000000)

Scheme 191

1. Connect vacuum pump «9995843»(ref-403953-S06330547042011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump air out of the regulator. Check that line pressure drops by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator drops. 300 kpa - negative pressure = line pressure Disconnect the hose from the vacuum pump.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure increase»(ref-404030-S17954648342011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S28477663722011061000000)

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S33453105622011061000000)

Checking pressure regulator, pressure reduction

1. Connect vacuum pump «9995843»(ref-403953-S06330547042011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump air out of the regulator. Check that line pressure drops by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator drops. 300 kpa - negative pressure = line pressure Disconnect the hose from the vacuum pump.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S32717451282011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S02881064062011061000000)

Scheme 192

1. Connect pressure tester «9985496»(ref-403953-S16783487572011061000000) and pressure gauge «9995230»(ref-403953-S08208420282011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump up pressure. Check that line pressure rises by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator. 300 kpa + overpressure = line pressure. Disconnect hose from pressure tester.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Checking residual pressure»(ref-404030-S02875338112011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S12208708162011061000000)

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S42907280072011061000000)

Checking pressure regulator, pressure increase

1. Connect pressure tester «9985496»(ref-403953-S16783487572011061000000) and pressure gauge «9995230»(ref-403953-S08208420282011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump up pressure. Check that line pressure rises by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator. 300 kpa + overpressure = line pressure. Disconnect hose from pressure tester.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S32717451282011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S02881064062011061000000)

Scheme 193

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

Line pressure must not drop below 200 kPa in less than 20 minutes.

1. OK Refer to «Disconnecting pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S11918488382011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking injectors, connections, pressure regulator, fuel pump non-return valve and lines»(ref-404030-S16575558092011061000000)

Checking injectors, connections, pressure regulator, fuel pump non-return valve and lines

1. Incorrect residual pressure readings may be due to leakage from injectors, connections, pressure regulator, fuel pump non-return valve or lines. Repair as necessary.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S41427506372011061000000)

Checking residual pressure

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

Line pressure must not drop below 200 kPa in less than 20 minutes.

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S32717451282011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S02881064062011061000000)

Scheme 194

1. Ignition off.
2. Start draining unit.
3. Turn pressure gauge cock to mid-position.
4. Lock adapter (valve closed as in 1 of (Scheme 194) ).
5. Disconnect adapter from valve.
6. Stop draining unit.
7. Reinstall equipment. CAUTION: Remember to reinstall valve safety cap.

1. Continue FAULT NOT FOUND: Troubleshooting has been completed.

Stop fuel pump (FP)

1. Switch off the ignition.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

1. Continue Refer to «Disconnecting pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S38523001072011061000000)

Disconnecting pressure gauge

1. Ignition off.
2. Start draining unit.
3. Turn pressure gauge cock to mid-position.
4. Lock adapter (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 69 ).
5. Disconnect adapter from valve.
6. Stop draining unit.
7. Reinstall equipment. CAUTION: Remember to reinstall valve safety cap.

1. Continue OKAY: Troubleshooting has been completed.

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

1. Continue Refer to «Disconnecting pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S16367987222011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Start draining unit.
3. Turn pressure gauge cock to mid-position.
4. Lock adapter (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 72 ).
5. Disconnect adapter from valve.
6. Stop draining unit.
7. Reinstall equipment. CAUTION: Remember to reinstall valve safety cap.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue FAULT TRACING FAILED: The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed. Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

Connect pressure gauge

1. Supplement pressure gauge «9995011»(ref-403953-S13051471402011061000000) with nipple «9989725»(ref-403953-S30652708112011061000000) and adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000) before use.
2. Connect adapter to valve on fuel rail, with adapter in locked position (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 73 ).
3. Turn pressure gauge cock so it faces adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000).
4. Connect other pressure gauge connector to fuel draining unit «9812270»(ref-403953-S06137301002011061000000), «9812273»(ref-403953-S13586864282011061000000) and «9812282»(ref-403953-S26175172122011061000000).
5. Unlock adapter (illustration 2 valve open).

1. Continue Refer to «Starting fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S40587575332011061000000)

Stop fuel pump

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S42159575812011061000000)

Start fuel pump

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking fuel filter»(ref-404030-S33537386802011061000000)

The previous test indicates that a repair must be made before continuing with fault-tracing. You cannot proceed with the fault-tracing tests at this point.

1. Continue FAULT NOT FOUND: Troubleshooting has been completed.

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connected.
3. Disconnect the Volvo Scan Tool (ST) from the VIDA station and use it in stand-alone mode.
4. Test drive car according to «Verifying repairs»(ref-404031-S01341897472011061000000) .
5. Go into verification menu. Watch EFI-435, wait until the status of EFI-435 switches to tested. Read off diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

If EFI-435 is stored they should have intermittent status.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S28575885962011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking for blockage»(ref-404030-S16255038872011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S08691390512011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking for blockage»(ref-404030-S19465118432011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Fuel Filter»(ref-404030-S14454827612011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S41616640302011061000000)

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure reduction»(ref-404030-S14246714782011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S24801559492011061000000)

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure increase»(ref-404030-S04643841072011061000000)

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking residual pressure»(ref-404030-S19850355642011061000000)

The fault should be diagnosed and remedied. Since this is not the case the fault-tracing process has failed.

Complete the fault-tracing for those fault or try again.

EFI-436: Rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), compensation

Condition

The rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) constantly monitors the front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), ensuring that it adjusts the short term fuel trim integrator so that it corresponds to the exhaust gas oxygen content. If the short term fuel trim integrator deviates, the rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) will make fine adjustments to it. If this adjustment is too great the engine control module (ECM) interprets this as a damaged front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) and diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-436 is stored.

Substitute Value

1. Twin heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) control disabled.

Possible Source

1. Uneven compression
2. Air leakage in the intake system
3. Air leakage in the exhaust system
4. Defective rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S)
5. Defective front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S).

Fault symptom[s]

1. May result in poor performance.

EFI-436 Rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), compensation

Checking the compression

1. Carry out a compression check as per «Compression test»(ref-404029-S33633901992011061000000) .

Is the compression in any cylinder incorrect?

1. YES Refer to «Fault tracing information»(ref-404030-S08970289572011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking for air leakage»(ref-404030-S24011745162011061000000)

1. Rectify as necessary.

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S22996125472011061000000)

1. Check fuel and residual pressure according to «Fuel pressure and residual pressure»(ref-404030-S00054819122011061000000) .

Are fuel and residual pressures OK?

1. Try a new front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S).

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S22996125472011061000000)

1. Check if there is any air leakage as per «Checking intake system»(ref-403972-S03662800352011061000000) .

Is there any air leakage?

1. YES Refer to «Fault tracing information»(ref-404030-S15198587212011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking for air leakage in the exhaust system»(ref-404030-S11400691542011061000000)

1. Rectify as necessary.

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S22996125472011061000000)

Checking for air leakage in the exhaust system

1. Check if there is any air leakage as per «Checking exhaust system»(ref-403972-S23167774972011061000000) .

Is there any air leakage?

1. YES Refer to «Fault tracing information»(ref-404030-S15198587212011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Check the fuel pump relay's two-stage function»(ref-404030-S37965563802011061000000)

Special tools

See 9812270

See 9812273

See 9812282

See 9989725

See 9995011

Check the fuel pump relay's two-stage function

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove fuse no. 2. Connect a Fluke multimeter (or equivalent), set to measure DC, between fuse no. 2's tabs in the fuse-holder. NOTE: The VIDA station could not be used in this measurement. Start the engine.

Rev. the engine; at speeds above 3000 RPM, current consumption should be higher than at speeds below 3000 RPM.

1. OK Refer to «Checking fuel pressure and residual pressure»(ref-404030-S39976915102011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking full-speed»(ref-404030-S25095901912011061000000)

Checking full-speed

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the cover from the central electrical unit.
3. Remove the fuel pump relay (pos. 103 in the central electrical unit)
4. Connect a lead between the relay connector 1 and 3.
5. Ignition on. Check that the fuel pump is working by gently squeezing the hose leading to the fuel pressure regulator. A slight pulsating sensation is felt if the fuel pump is working.

Is the fuel pump working?

1. YES Refer to «Checking half-speed»(ref-404030-S15788974522011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking for open-circuit»(ref-404030-S11285873762011061000000)

1. Check the lead between the fuel pump relay connector 3 and the fuel pump connector 1 for signs of a break as per «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S14920266372011061000000)

Checking half-speed

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the lead linking connector 1 and 3 on the fuel pump relay connector.
3. Connect the lead between the relay coupling's connector 1 and 5.
4. Ignition on. Check that the fuel pump is working by gently squeezing the hose leading to the fuel pressure regulator. A slight pulsating sensation is felt if the pump is working.

Is the fuel pump working?

1. YES Refer to «Replacement of component»(ref-404030-S12887610672011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Check the lead between the relay and the series resistance.»(ref-404030-S39295243042011061000000)

Check the lead between the relay and the series resistance.

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the windshield wiper arms.
3. Remove the plenum cover.
4. Disconnect the series resistance.
5. Connect the lead between relay coupling connectors 1 and 5.
6. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between the series resistance's connector 2 (to fuel pump relay) and ground.

The voltmeter should show battery voltage.

1. OK Refer to «Check the series resistance»(ref-404030-S30411154002011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for open-circuit»(ref-404030-S41181282122011061000000)

1. Check the lead between the fuel pump relay connector 5 and the series resistance, connector 2, for signs of a break as per «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S14920266372011061000000)

Check the series resistance

1. Ignition off.
2. Series resistance disconnected. Connect an ohmmeter between the series resistance's coupling 1 and 2 (to series resistance).

The ohmmeter should show approx. 0.9 W.

1. OK Refer to «Checking for open-circuit»(ref-404030-S09214578972011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Replacement of component»(ref-404030-S11890762982011061000000)

1. Check the lead between the series resistance connector 1 and fuel pump connector 1 for signs of a break as per «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Press Continue when fault is repaired

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S14920266372011061000000)

HINT: After repair, it is necessary to check that the fault has been corrected.

HINT: Perform as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Reconnect connectors, components etc.
3. Remove fuse no. 2. Connect a Fluke multimeter (or equivalent), set to measure DC, between fuse no. 2's tabs in the fuse-holder. NOTE: The VIDA station could not be used in this measurement. Start the engine

Rev. the engine; at speeds above 3000 RPM, current consumption should be higher than at speeds below 3000 RPM.

1. OK OKAY: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S04895562782011061000000)

The fault should be diagnosed and remedied. Since this is not the case the fault-tracing process has failed.

Complete the fault-tracing for those fault or try again.

Special tools

See 9812270

See 9812273

See 9812282

See 9989725

See 9995011

See 9995479

See 9995843

See 9985496

See 9995230

It is possible to measure fuel pressure with the car stationary or while being driven. Residual pressure is measured with the car stationary.

For measurement while the car is being driven see Taking fuel pressure readings while driving the car .

1. Continue Refer to «Checking vacuum hose to pressure regulator»(ref-404030-S39754820132011061000000)

Checking vacuum hose to pressure regulator

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove throttle pulley cover.
3. Disconnect vacuum hose from pressure regulator. Check that the hose is not blocked by blowing into it.

Is the hose OK?

1. YES Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S16429785512011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking hose and connection»(ref-404030-S41453266512011061000000)

1. Check hose and terminal on intake manifold, clean/replace.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S20909195632011061000000)

1. Supplement pressure gauge «9995011»(ref-403953-S13051471402011061000000) with nipple «9989725»(ref-403953-S30652708112011061000000) and adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000) before use.
2. Connect adapter to valve on fuel rail, with adapter in locked position (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 135 ).
3. Turn pressure gauge cock so it faces adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000).
4. Connect other pressure gauge connector to fuel draining unit «9812270»(ref-403953-S06137301002011061000000), «9812273»(ref-403953-S13586864282011061000000) and «9812282»(ref-403953-S26175172122011061000000).
5. Unlock adapter (illustration 2 valve open).

1. Continue Refer to «Starting fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S14981736082011061000000)

1. Remove central electrical unit cover.
2. Remove fuel pump relay (position 103 in electrical distribution unit).
3. Connect a cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3. Ignition on.

Fuel pump (FP) should operate.

1. Continue Refer to «Measuring line pressure»(ref-404030-S14735514082011061000000)

1. Read off line pressure from pressure gauge.

Line pressure should be 300 kPa (3.0 kp/cm 2).

1. OK Refer to «Checking fuel filter»(ref-404030-S07023579662011061000000)
2. LOW Refer to «Line pressure too low»(ref-404030-S30236286942011061000000)
3. HIGH Refer to «Line pressure too high»(ref-404030-S17932507322011061000000)

Line pressure too high

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the cable between the relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Disconnect return line from pressure regulator. Blow through the line into the fuel tank.

Is cable OK?

1. YES Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S07504240812011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S23309615592011061000000)

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S20909195632011061000000)

1. Check if there is a blockage in the return line. Clean and replace as necessary.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S20909195632011061000000)

1. Remove central electrical unit cover.
2. Remove fuel pump relay (position 103 in electrical distribution unit).
3. Connect a cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3. Ignition on.

Fuel pump (FP) should operate.

1. Continue Refer to «Measuring line pressure»(ref-404030-S17578134522011061000000)

1. Read off line pressure from pressure gauge.

Line pressure should be 300 kPa (3.0 kp/cm 2).

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S18156314622011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S20156818232011061000000)

1. Squeeze the return line and check is the pressure rises.

Did the pressure increase?

1. YES Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S20456711722011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S35197071692011061000000)

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S20909195632011061000000)

1. Check filter gauze at fuel pump (FP). If it is OK: Replace fuel pump (FP) according to «Fuel pump, replacement»(ref-403955-S31180271392011061000000)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S20909195632011061000000)

1. Squeeze the return line and check if pressure increases quickly or slowly.

Did the pressure increase quickly?

1. YES Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure reduction»(ref-404030-S42277317782011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S06217197902011061000000)

1. Replace fuel filter according to «Fuel filter, replacement»(ref-403955-S09321901802011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S06753469152011061000000)

1. Squeeze the return line and check if pressure increases quickly or slowly.

Did the pressure increase quickly?

1. YES Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S18156314622011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S20156818232011061000000)

1. Connect vacuum pump «9995843»(ref-403953-S06330547042011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump air out of the regulator. Check that line pressure drops by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator drops. 300 kpa - negative pressure = line pressure Disconnect the hose from the vacuum pump.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure increase»(ref-404030-S28489872542011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S05947707492011061000000)

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S15416309732011061000000)

1. Connect vacuum pump «9995843»(ref-403953-S06330547042011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump air out of the regulator. Check that line pressure drops by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator drops. 300 kpa - negative pressure = line pressure Disconnect the hose from the vacuum pump.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S18156314622011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S20156818232011061000000)

1. Connect pressure tester «9985496»(ref-403953-S16783487572011061000000) and pressure gauge «9995230»(ref-403953-S08208420282011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump up pressure. Check that line pressure rises by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator. 300 kpa + overpressure = line pressure. Disconnect hose from pressure tester.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Checking residual pressure»(ref-404030-S22324457192011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S14512364242011061000000)

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S06822006712011061000000)

1. Connect pressure tester «9985496»(ref-403953-S16783487572011061000000) and pressure gauge «9995230»(ref-403953-S08208420282011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump up pressure. Check that line pressure rises by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator. 300 kpa + overpressure = line pressure. Disconnect hose from pressure tester.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S18156314622011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S20156818232011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

Line pressure must not drop below 200 kPa in less than 20 minutes.

1. OK Refer to «Disconnecting pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S16557773132011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking injectors, connections, pressure regulator, fuel pump non-return valve and lines»(ref-404030-S14570648122011061000000)

1. Incorrect residual pressure readings may be due to leakage from injectors, connections, pressure regulator, fuel pump non-return valve or lines. Repair as necessary.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S39249789132011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

Line pressure must not drop below 200 kPa in less than 20 minutes.

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S18156314622011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S20156818232011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Start draining unit.
3. Turn pressure gauge cock to mid-position.
4. Lock adapter (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 162 ).
5. Disconnect adapter from valve.
6. Stop draining unit.
7. Reinstall equipment. CAUTION: Remember to reinstall valve safety cap.

1. Continue FAULT NOT FOUND: Troubleshooting has been completed.

1. Switch off the ignition.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

1. Continue Refer to «Disconnecting pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S35805209502011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Start draining unit.
3. Turn pressure gauge cock to mid-position.
4. Lock adapter (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 166 ).
5. Disconnect adapter from valve.
6. Stop draining unit.
7. Reinstall equipment. CAUTION: Remember to reinstall valve safety cap.

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

1. Continue Refer to «Disconnecting pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S29711798842011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Start draining unit.
3. Turn pressure gauge cock to mid-position.
4. Lock adapter (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 169 ).
5. Disconnect adapter from valve.
6. Stop draining unit.
7. Reinstall equipment. CAUTION: Remember to reinstall valve safety cap.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue FAULT TRACING FAILED: The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed. Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

1. Supplement pressure gauge «9995011»(ref-403953-S13051471402011061000000) with nipple «9989725»(ref-403953-S30652708112011061000000) and adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000) before use.
2. Connect adapter to valve on fuel rail, with adapter in locked position (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 170 ).
3. Turn pressure gauge cock so it faces adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000).
4. Connect other pressure gauge connector to fuel draining unit «9812270»(ref-403953-S06137301002011061000000), «9812273»(ref-403953-S13586864282011061000000) and «9812282»(ref-403953-S26175172122011061000000).
5. Unlock adapter (illustration 2 valve open).

1. Continue Refer to «Starting fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S42425772902011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S28542452422011061000000)

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking fuel filter»(ref-404030-S24014987062011061000000)

The previous test indicates that a repair must be made before continuing with fault-tracing. You cannot proceed with the fault-tracing tests at this point.

1. Continue FAULT NOT FOUND: Troubleshooting has been completed.

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connected.
3. Disconnect the Volvo Scan Tool (ST) from the VIDA station and use it in stand-alone mode.
4. Test drive car according to «Verifying repairs»(ref-404031-S01341897472011061000000) . Go into the Diagnostic Test Mode (DTM) menu. Watch EFI-436, wait until the status of EFI-436 switches to tested. Read off diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

If EFI-436 is stored they should have intermittent status.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S17611393012011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking for blockage»(ref-404030-S23982035262011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S08810327242011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking for blockage»(ref-404030-S17307846642011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Fuel Filter»(ref-404030-S17644934672011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S30551158122011061000000)

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure reduction»(ref-404030-S38766150872011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S26381055212011061000000)

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure increase»(ref-404030-S35166593262011061000000)

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking residual pressure»(ref-404030-S01299027732011061000000)

The fault should be diagnosed and remedied. Since this is not the case the fault-tracing process has failed.

Complete the fault-tracing for those fault or try again.

EFI-442: Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR), flow fault

Condition

Scheme 195

The pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) is checked by disabling the long-term fuel trim and canister purge (CP) valve control. The engine control module (ECM) then checks the short-term fuel trim integrator, if it is at maximum diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-442 (Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR)) will be stored.

Substitute Value

1. Fuel trim disabled.

Possible Source

1. This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is always stored together with EFI-446 (Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve, leakage) or EFI-448 (Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump, flow too low). For further information about fault causes, see «Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) information EFI-446»(ref-404030-S09718444242011061000000) or «Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) information EFI-448»(ref-404030-S32736217432011061000000) .

Fault symptom[s]

1. One can hear the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump operating continuously.

EFI-443: Three-way catalytic converter (TWC) efficiency

Condition

Scheme 196

The engine control module (ECM) continuously monitors three-way catalytic converter (TWC) efficiency by comparing the signal from the rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) with the signal from the front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S). When three-way catalytic converter (TWC) efficiency deviates too much the engine control module (ECM) stores diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-443.

Substitute Value

1. None.

Possible Source

1. Uneven compression
2. Air leakage in the intake system
3. Air leakage in the exhaust system
4. Faulty fuel pressure
5. Defective three-way catalytic converter (TWC).

Fault symptom[s]

1. May result in poor performance.

EFI-443 Three-way catalytic converter (TWC) efficiency

1. Carry out a compression check as per «Compression test»(ref-404029-S33633901992011061000000) .

Is the compression in any cylinder incorrect?

1. YES Refer to «Fault tracing information»(ref-404030-S03385749292011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking for air leakage in the intake system»(ref-404030-S23755039592011061000000)

1. Rectify as necessary.

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S00192828432011061000000)

1. Check fuel and residual pressure according to «Fuel pressure and residual pressure»(ref-404030-S30031138722011061000000) .

Are fuel and residual pressures OK?

Replacing Rear Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)

1. Try a new rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S).

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S00192828432011061000000)

1. Check if there is any air leakage as per «Checking intake system»(ref-403972-S03662800352011061000000) .

Is there any air leakage?

1. YES Refer to «Fault tracing information»(ref-404030-S09923454082011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking for air leakage in the exhaust system»(ref-404030-S00764478482011061000000)

1. Rectify as necessary.

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S00192828432011061000000)

1. Check if there is any air leakage as per «Checking exhaust system»(ref-403972-S23167774972011061000000) .

Is there any air leakage?

1. YES Refer to «Fault tracing information»(ref-404030-S09923454082011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Check the fuel pump relay's two-stage function»(ref-404030-S36069231642011061000000)

Special tools

See 9812270

See 9812273

See 9812282

See 9989725

See 9995011

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove fuse no. 2. Connect a Fluke multimeter (or equivalent), set to measure DC, between fuse no. 2's tabs in the fuse-holder. NOTE: The VIDA station could not be used in this measurement. Start the engine.

Rev. the engine; at speeds above 3000 RPM, current consumption should be higher than at speeds below 3000 RPM.

1. OK Refer to «Checking fuel pressure and residual pressure»(ref-404030-S39490216462011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking full-speed»(ref-404030-S13260587782011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the cover from the central electrical unit.
3. Remove the fuel pump relay (pos. 103 in the central electrical unit)
4. Connect a lead between the relay connector 1 and 3.
5. Ignition on. Check that the fuel pump is working by gently squeezing the hose leading to the fuel pressure regulator. A slight pulsating sensation is felt if the fuel pump is working.

Is the fuel pump working?

1. YES Refer to «Checking half-speed»(ref-404030-S19340058692011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking for open-circuit»(ref-404030-S38798008082011061000000)

1. Check the lead between the fuel pump relay connector 3 and the fuel pump connector 1 for signs of a break as per «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S08651563402011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the lead linking connector 1 and 3 on the fuel pump relay connector.
3. Connect the lead between the relay coupling's connector 1 and 5.
4. Ignition on. Check that the fuel pump is working by gently squeezing the hose leading to the fuel pressure regulator. A slight pulsating sensation is felt if the pump is working.

Is the fuel pump working?

1. YES Refer to «Replacement of component»(ref-404030-S36322612252011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Check the lead between the relay and the series resistance.»(ref-404030-S07828299902011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the windshield wiper arms.
3. Remove the plenum cover.
4. Disconnect the series resistance.
5. Connect the lead between relay coupling connectors 1 and 5.
6. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between the series resistance's connector 2 (to fuel pump relay) and ground.

The voltmeter should show battery voltage.

1. OK Refer to «Check the series resistance»(ref-404030-S30044008582011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for open-circuit»(ref-404030-S05958948262011061000000)

1. Check the lead between the fuel pump relay connector 5 and the series resistance, connector 2, for signs of a break as per «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S08651563402011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Series resistance disconnected. Connect an ohmmeter between the series resistance's coupling 1 and 2 (to series resistance).

The ohmmeter should show approx. 0.9 W.

1. OK Refer to «Checking for open-circuit»(ref-404030-S24018113152011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Replacement of component»(ref-404030-S14893375282011061000000)

1. Check the lead between the series resistance connector 1 and fuel pump connector 1 for signs of a break as per «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Press Continue when fault is repaired

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S08651563402011061000000)

HINT: After repair, it is necessary to check that the fault has been corrected.

HINT: Perform as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Reconnect connectors, components etc.
3. Remove fuse no. 2. Connect a Fluke multimeter (or equivalent), set to measure DC, between fuse no. 2's tabs in the fuse-holder. NOTE: The VIDA station could not be used in this measurement. Start the engine

Rev. the engine; at speeds above 3000 RPM, current consumption should be higher than at speeds below 3000 RPM.

1. OK OKAY: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S39343693922011061000000)

The fault should be diagnosed and remedied. Since this is not the case the fault-tracing process has failed.

Complete the fault-tracing for those fault or try again.

Special tools

See 9812270

See 9812273

See 9812282

See 9989725

See 9995011

See 9995479

See 9995843

See 9985496

See 9995230

It is possible to measure fuel pressure with the car stationary or while being driven. Residual pressure is measured with the car stationary.

For measurement while the car is being driven see Taking fuel pressure readings while driving the car .

1. Continue Refer to «Checking vacuum hose to pressure regulator»(ref-404030-S30945389832011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove throttle pulley cover.
3. Disconnect vacuum hose from pressure regulator. Check that the hose is not blocked by blowing into it.

Is the hose OK?

1. YES Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S01271965682011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking hose and connection»(ref-404030-S14482775672011061000000)

1. Check hose and terminal on intake manifold, clean/replace.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S33115443802011061000000)

1. Supplement pressure gauge «9995011»(ref-403953-S13051471402011061000000) with nipple «9989725»(ref-403953-S30652708112011061000000) and adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000) before use.
2. Connect adapter to valve on fuel rail, with adapter in locked position (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 233 ).
3. Turn pressure gauge cock so it faces adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000).
4. Connect other pressure gauge connector to fuel draining unit «9812270»(ref-403953-S06137301002011061000000), «9812273»(ref-403953-S13586864282011061000000) and «9812282»(ref-403953-S26175172122011061000000).
5. Unlock adapter (illustration 2 valve open).

1. Continue Refer to «Starting fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S24749742592011061000000)

1. Remove central electrical unit cover.
2. Remove fuel pump relay (position 103 in electrical distribution unit).
3. Connect a cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3. Ignition on.

Fuel pump (FP) should operate.

1. Continue Refer to «Measuring line pressure»(ref-404030-S10858501422011061000000)

1. Read off line pressure from pressure gauge.

Line pressure should be 300 kPa (3.0 kp/cm 2).

1. OK Refer to «Checking fuel filter»(ref-404030-S25022704962011061000000)
2. LOW Refer to «Line pressure too low»(ref-404030-S00215388942011061000000)
3. HIGH Refer to «Line pressure too high»(ref-404030-S01029631242011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the cable between the relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Disconnect return line from pressure regulator. Blow through the line into the fuel tank.

Is cable OK?

1. YES Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S32571988692011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S39666885322011061000000)

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S33115443802011061000000)

1. Check if there is a blockage in the return line. Clean and replace as necessary.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S33115443802011061000000)

1. Remove central electrical unit cover.
2. Remove fuel pump relay (position 103 in electrical distribution unit).
3. Connect a cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3. Ignition on.

Fuel pump (FP) should operate.

1. Continue Refer to «Measuring line pressure»(ref-404030-S38846659202011061000000)

1. Read off line pressure from pressure gauge.

Line pressure should be 300 kPa (3.0 kp/cm 2).

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S06540726552011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S27229488882011061000000)

1. Squeeze the return line and check is the pressure rises.

Did the pressure increase?

1. YES Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S39231175542011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S26133754972011061000000)

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S33115443802011061000000)

1. Check filter gauze at fuel pump (FP). If it is OK: Replace fuel pump (FP) according to «Fuel pump, replacement»(ref-403955-S31180271392011061000000)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Connect pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S33115443802011061000000)

1. Squeeze the return line and check if pressure increases quickly or slowly.

Did the pressure increase quickly?

1. YES Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure reduction»(ref-404030-S07484383452011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S11579543032011061000000)

1. Replace fuel filter according to «Fuel filter, replacement»(ref-403955-S09321901802011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S15926609602011061000000)

1. Squeeze the return line and check if pressure increases quickly or slowly.

Did the pressure increase quickly?

1. YES Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S06540726552011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S27229488882011061000000)

1. Connect vacuum pump «9995843»(ref-403953-S06330547042011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump air out of the regulator. Check that line pressure drops by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator drops. 300 kpa - negative pressure = line pressure Disconnect the hose from the vacuum pump.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure increase»(ref-404030-S32757990852011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S01854664062011061000000)

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S05619225842011061000000)

1. Connect vacuum pump «9995843»(ref-403953-S06330547042011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump air out of the regulator. Check that line pressure drops by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator drops. 300 kpa - negative pressure = line pressure Disconnect the hose from the vacuum pump.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S06540726552011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S27229488882011061000000)

1. Connect pressure tester «9985496»(ref-403953-S16783487572011061000000) and pressure gauge «9995230»(ref-403953-S08208420282011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump up pressure. Check that line pressure rises by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator. 300 kpa + overpressure = line pressure. Disconnect hose from pressure tester.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Checking residual pressure»(ref-404030-S19385403612011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump»(ref-404030-S22869746242011061000000)

Try a new pressure regulator according to

1. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S40297543332011061000000) (B5202S/B5252S Fenix 5.2)
2. See «Pressure regulator, replacement»(ref-403954-S22517779152011061000000) (other engines)

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S17990978662011061000000)

1. Connect pressure tester «9985496»(ref-403953-S16783487572011061000000) and pressure gauge «9995230»(ref-403953-S08208420282011061000000) to pressure regulator.
2. Pump up pressure. Check that line pressure rises by the same amount as the pressure in the regulator. 300 kpa + overpressure = line pressure. Disconnect hose from pressure tester.

Line pressure should return to 300 kPa.

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S06540726552011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S27229488882011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

Line pressure must not drop below 200 kPa in less than 20 minutes.

1. OK Refer to «Disconnecting pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S22421103282011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking injectors, connections, pressure regulator, fuel pump non-return valve and lines»(ref-404030-S30251589322011061000000)

1. Incorrect residual pressure readings may be due to leakage from injectors, connections, pressure regulator, fuel pump non-return valve or lines. Repair as necessary.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Start fuel pump»(ref-404030-S23810599892011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

Line pressure must not drop below 200 kPa in less than 20 minutes.

1. OK Refer to «Stop fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S06540726552011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S27229488882011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Start draining unit.
3. Turn pressure gauge cock to mid-position.
4. Lock adapter (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 260 ).
5. Disconnect adapter from valve.
6. Stop draining unit.
7. Reinstall equipment. CAUTION: Remember to reinstall valve safety cap.

1. Continue FAULT NOT FOUND: Troubleshooting has been completed.

1. Switch off the ignition.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

1. Continue Refer to «Disconnecting pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S06543123962011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Start draining unit.
3. Turn pressure gauge cock to mid-position.
4. Lock adapter (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 264 ).
5. Disconnect adapter from valve.
6. Stop draining unit.
7. Reinstall equipment. CAUTION: Remember to reinstall valve safety cap.

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect cable between relay base terminals 1 and 3.
3. Reinstall the fuel pump relay.

1. Continue Refer to «Disconnecting pressure gauge»(ref-404030-S05725176382011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Start draining unit.
3. Turn pressure gauge cock to mid-position.
4. Lock adapter (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 267 ).
5. Disconnect adapter from valve.
6. Stop draining unit.
7. Reinstall equipment. CAUTION: Remember to reinstall valve safety cap.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue FAULT TRACING FAILED: The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed. Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

1. Supplement pressure gauge «9995011»(ref-403953-S13051471402011061000000) with nipple «9989725»(ref-403953-S30652708112011061000000) and adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000) before use.
2. Connect adapter to valve on fuel rail, with adapter in locked position (valve closed as in 1 of see scheme 268 ).
3. Turn pressure gauge cock so it faces adapter «9995479»(ref-403953-S17462459562011061000000).
4. Connect other pressure gauge connector to fuel draining unit «9812270»(ref-403953-S06137301002011061000000), «9812273»(ref-403953-S13586864282011061000000) and «9812282»(ref-403953-S26175172122011061000000).
5. Unlock adapter (illustration 2 valve open).

1. Continue Refer to «Starting fuel pump (FP)»(ref-404030-S12310901052011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S19032441912011061000000)

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking fuel filter»(ref-404030-S11566005542011061000000)

The previous test indicates that a repair must be made before continuing with fault-tracing. You cannot proceed with the fault-tracing tests at this point.

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connected.
3. Disconnect the Volvo Scan Tool (ST) from the VIDA station and use it in stand-alone mode.
4. Test drive car according to «Verifying repairs»(ref-404031-S01341897472011061000000) . Go into the Diagnostic Test Mode (DTM) menu. Watch EFI-443, wait until the status of EFI-443 switches to tested. Read off diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

If EFI-443 is stored they should have intermittent status.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S29676855312011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking for blockage»(ref-404030-S23292166812011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S19691320572011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking for blockage»(ref-404030-S19026229042011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Fuel Filter»(ref-404030-S34111583342011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S16765783882011061000000)

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure reduction»(ref-404030-S23895168952011061000000)

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect jumper lead between relay base terminals 1 and 3.

1. Continue Refer to «Replacing Pressure Regulator»(ref-404030-S28752642462011061000000)

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking pressure regulator, pressure increase»(ref-404030-S23094619372011061000000)

1. Connect jumper lead across relay base terminals 1 and 3. Switch on ignition.

Fuel pump should run.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking residual pressure»(ref-404030-S30497165962011061000000)

The fault should be diagnosed and remedied. Since this is not the case the fault-tracing process has failed.

Complete the fault-tracing for those fault or try again.

Signal too high. Intermittent fault

EFI-444 Accelerometer, signal

Checking cables and terminals

1. Check accelerometer and engine control module (ECM) connectors for loose connections according to «Loose connections (terminals)»(ref-403956-S28513979592011061000000) and contact resistance and oxidation according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S32156020042011061000000) .
2. Check the cable between accelerometer terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B1 for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .
3. Check cable between accelerometer terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #B28 for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .
4. Check cable between accelerometer terminal 3 and engine control module (ECM) #B32 for an intermittent short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S21794317742011061000000) and an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .
5. The accelerometer power cable is connected inside the engine control module (ECM) to the fuel tank pressure sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor and air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor power cables. If anything happens to any of these cables all four will be affected. Air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor wiring is pre-routed, even on cars without air conditioning, and should always be checked. Check cables between: Accelerometer terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B1. Air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor terminal 3 and engine control module (ECM) #B29. Tank pressure sensor terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B15. Atmospheric pressure sensor terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B29 For an intermittent short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S15751886532011061000000) , and an intermittent short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S21794317742011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S17134740412011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

Signal too high. Permanent fault

EFI-444 Accelerometer, signal

Scheme 197

Scheme 198

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect accelerometer.
3. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between accelerometer connector terminal 1 and ground.

The voltmeter should read 5 V.

1. OK Refer to «Checking ground lead»(ref-404030-S00223392992011061000000)
2. LOW Refer to «Checking power cable resistance to ground»(ref-404030-S27419742122011061000000)
3. HIGH Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S22736483452011061000000)

Checking for a short-circuit

The accelerometer power cable is connected inside the engine control module (ECM) to the fuel tank pressure sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor and air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor power cables. If anything happens to any of these cables all four will be affected. Air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor wiring is pre-routed, even on cars without air conditioning, and should always be checked.

Check cables between

1. Accelerometer terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B1.
2. Air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor terminal 3 and engine control module (ECM) #B29.
3. Atmospheric pressure sensor terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B29
4. Tank pressure sensor terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B15 for a short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage. Permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06473788552011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

Checking ground lead

1. Ignition off.
2. Accelerometer disconnected. Connect an ohmmeter between accelerometer connector terminal 2 and ground.

The ohmmeter should read approximately 0 ohms.

1. OK Refer to «Checking the signal cable»(ref-404030-S28437219852011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking control module connector»(ref-404030-S37391374732011061000000)

Scheme 199

1. Ignition off.
2. Accelerometer disconnected.
3. Check control module connector for contact resistance and oxidation and remedy according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .
4. Control module connected. Connect an ohmmeter between accelerometer connector terminal 2 and ground.

The ohmmeter should read approximately 0 ohms.

1. OK Refer to «Fault-tracing information»(ref-404030-S15126335392011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S30813751472011061000000)

Checking for an open-circuit

1. Check cable between accelerometer terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #B28 for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

The cause of the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been loose connections in the control module connector.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

Checking the signal cable

1. Ignition on.
2. Accelerometer disconnected. Connect a voltmeter between accelerometer connector terminal 3 and ground.

The voltmeter should read approximately 5 V.

1. OK Refer to «Checking accelerometer»(ref-404030-S14135824422011061000000)
2. LOW Refer to «Checking control module connector»(ref-404030-S30134503912011061000000)
3. HIGH Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S16013510572011061000000)

1. Check cable between accelerometer terminal 3 and engine control module (ECM) #B32 for a short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage. Permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06473788552011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

Checking control module connector

1. Ignition off.
2. Accelerometer disconnected.
3. Check control module connector for contact resistance and oxidation and remedy according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .
4. Control module connected.
5. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between accelerometer connector terminal 3 and ground.

The voltmeter should read approximately 5 V.

1. OK Refer to «Fault-tracing information»(ref-404030-S17693741492011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S13710806972011061000000)

The cause of the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been loose connections in the control module connector.

1. Check cable between accelerometer terminal 3 and engine control module (ECM) #B32 for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

Scheme 200

1. Ignition on.
2. Connect the accelerometer. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to erase diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

1. Continue Refer to «Checking accelerometer, continued»(ref-404030-S07644245842011061000000)

Scheme 201

1. Accelerometer connected.
2. Start the engine and idle it. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to read off diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

Does the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) recur?

1. YES Refer to «Replacing Accelerometer»(ref-404030-S13527711422011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Fault-tracing information»(ref-404030-S00427934812011061000000)

The cause of the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been loose connections in the accelerometer connector.

1. Check connector for contact resistance and oxidation and remedy according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

Replacing Accelerometer

1. Try a new accelerometer.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

Checking power cable resistance to ground

1. Ignition off.
2. Accelerometer disconnected.
3. Wait for approximately 150 seconds (cars with immobilizer 245 seconds). Connect an ohmmeter between accelerometer connector terminal 1 and ground.

The ohmmeter should read 0.2 - 1.5 kohms.

1. OK FAULT NOT FOUND: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. LOW Refer to «Car equipment level»(ref-404030-S35031149482011061000000)
3. HIGH Refer to «Checking control module connector»(ref-404030-S32201172832011061000000)

Car-equipment: level

The following options are available

1. 1. The car has air conditioning (A/C). Refer to «Checking the air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor»(ref-404030-S21101416052011061000000)
2. 2. The car does not have air conditioning (A/C), but does have a leak diagnostic. Refer to «Checking fuel tank pressure sensor»(ref-404030-S34105569662011061000000)
3. 3. The car has neither air conditioning (A/C) or a leak diagnostic. Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S18067239442011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Accelerometer disconnected.
3. Check control module connector for contact resistance and oxidation and remedy according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .
4. Control module connected. Connect an ohmmeter between accelerometer connector terminal 1 and ground.

The ohmmeter should read approximately 0.2 - 1.5 kohms.

1. OK Refer to «Fault-tracing information»(ref-404030-S15126335392011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S40429435822011061000000)

Checking the air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor

1. Ignition off.
2. Accelerometer disconnected.
3. Disconnect the air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor. Connect an ohmmeter between accelerometer connector terminal 1 and ground.

The ohmmeter should read 0.2 - 1.5 kohms.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Air Conditioning (A/C) Pressure Sensor»(ref-404030-S09544504342011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Car equipment level»(ref-404030-S17700597672011061000000)

Does the car have leak diagnosis?

1. YES Refer to «Checking fuel tank pressure sensor»(ref-404030-S34105569662011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S18067239442011061000000)

Checking fuel tank pressure sensor

1. Ignition off.
2. Accelerometer disconnected.
3. Air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor disconnected.
4. Disconnect tank pressure sensor. Connect an ohmmeter between accelerometer connector terminal 1 and ground.

The ohmmeter should read 0.2 - 1.5 kohms.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor»(ref-404030-S32664152362011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking atmospheric pressure sensor»(ref-404030-S23454172812011061000000)

Checking atmospheric pressure sensor

1. Ignition off.
2. Accelerometer disconnected.
3. Air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor disconnected.
4. Fuel tank pressure sensor disconnected.
5. Disconnect atmospheric pressure sensor. Connect an ohmmeter between accelerometer connector terminal 1 and ground.

The ohmmeter should read 0.2 - 1.5 kohms.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Atmospheric Pressure Sensor»(ref-404030-S16489684152011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S18067239442011061000000)

Replacing Atmospheric Pressure Sensor

1. Try a new atmospheric pressure sensor.

Scheme 202

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

The accelerometer power cable is connected inside the engine control module (ECM) to the fuel tank pressure sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor and air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor power cables. If anything happens to any of these cables all four will be affected. Air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor wiring is pre-routed, even on cars without air conditioning, and should always be checked.

Check cables between

1. Accelerometer terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B1.
2. Air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor terminal 3 and engine control module (ECM) #B29.
3. Atmospheric pressure sensor terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B29
4. Tank pressure sensor terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B15.
5. For a short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06142553522011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

1. Check cable between accelerometer terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B1 for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

Replacing Air Conditioning (A/C) Pressure Sensor

1. Try a new air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor.

Scheme 203

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

Replacing Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor

1. Try a new fuel tank pressure sensor.

Scheme 204

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S05328413612011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Accelerometer and, if necessary, air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor and fuel tank pressure sensor connected.
3. Start the engine and idle it. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to read off the value of the from the accelerometer.

The value should be approximately 2.5 V.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S37879117892011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

Signal too low: Intermittent fault

EFI-444 Accelerometer, signal

1. Check cable between accelerometer terminal 3 and engine control module (ECM) #B32 for an intermittent short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S15751886532011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S42947166962011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

Signal too low: Permanent fault

EFI-444 Accelerometer, signal

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect accelerometer.
3. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between accelerometer connector terminal 3 and ground.

The voltmeter should read approximately 5 V.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Accelerometer»(ref-404030-S06871539102011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S29701453832011061000000)

1. Try a new accelerometer.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S26860001492011061000000)

1. Check cable between accelerometer terminal 3 and engine control module (ECM) #B32 for a short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06142553522011061000000) .

Scheme 205

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S26860001492011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Accelerometer and, if necessary, air conditioning (A/C) pressure sensor and fuel tank pressure sensor connected.
3. Start the engine and idle it. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to read off the value of the from the accelerometer.

The value should be approximately 2.5 V.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S02912210542011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

EFI-445: Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump, signal

Condition

Scheme 206

Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-445 is stored if there is a short-circuit to ground/supply voltage or open-circuit in the secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump signal cable.

Substitute Value

1. Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) diagnostic disabled
2. Front and rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) diagnostic disabled
3. Fuel trim disabled.

Possible Source

Signal too high

1. Short-circuit to supply voltage in signal cable
2. Defective pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay.

Signal too low

1. Open-circuit in signal cable or power cable
2. Short-circuit to ground in signal cable
3. Contact resistance in terminals
4. Defective pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay

Fault symptom[s]

1. Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump may run continuously.

EFI-445 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump, signal.

1. Check cable between pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay terminal B1 and engine control module (ECM) #B38 for an intermittent short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S21794317742011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S12703950602011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

EFI-445 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump, signal.

Scheme 207

Scheme 208

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove signal cable from pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay connector B.
3. Ignition on. Connect an electrician's screwdriver (3 W bulb at least) between pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay connector terminal B1 and ground.

The bulb should not light.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Pulsed Secondary Air Injection System (PAIR) Pump Relay»(ref-404030-S26444102882011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S39474436342011061000000)

Replacing Pulsed Secondary Air Injection System (PAIR) Pump Relay

1. Try a new pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S06335054822011061000000)

Scheme 209

1. Check signal cable between pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay connector B1 and engine control module (ECM) #B38 for a short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage. Permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06473788552011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S06335054822011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition on.
2. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump.

A "clicking sound" should be heard from the relay and the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump should start.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S26107893382011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

EFI-445 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump, signal.

1. Check pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay and engine control module (ECM) connectors for loose connections according to «Loose connections (terminals)»(ref-403956-S28513979592011061000000) and contact resistance and oxidation according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S32156020042011061000000) .
2. Check cable between the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay terminal B1 and engine control module (ECM) #B38 for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) , and an intermittent short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S15751886532011061000000) .
3. Check cable between pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay terminal A1 and battery for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S20214127182011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

EFI-445 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump, signal.

Checking power cable

1. Ignition off.
2. Remove the power cable from relay. Connect a voltmeter between relay connector A and ground.

The voltmeter should read battery voltage.

1. OK Refer to «Checking signal cable resistance»(ref-404030-S01736016272011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S32897944762011061000000)

1. There is an integrated fusible link in the cable between the battery and relay. If there is an open-circuit in this cable there is probably a short-circuit to ground in the circuit which caused the open-circuit. Check the relay and pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump before replacing the cable. Check cable between battery and pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay terminal A1 for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S42291104712011061000000)

Checking signal cable resistance

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect signal cable from relay, connector B. Connect an ohmmeter between relay connector B terminal 1 and ground.

The ohmmeter should read infinite resistance.

1. OK Refer to «Connector A»(ref-404030-S34424074142011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S18879624832011061000000)

1. Check signal cable between pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay connector B terminal 1 and engine control module (ECM) #B38 for a short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06142553522011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S42291104712011061000000)

Scheme 210

1. Ignition off.
2. Breakout box connected.
3. Signal cable disconnected from pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay. Connect an ohmmeter between relay connector B terminal 1 and ground.

The ohmmeter should read approximately 0 ohms.

1. OK Refer to «Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay»(ref-404030-S18445656732011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S38889569102011061000000)

1. Check signal cable between pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay terminal B1 and engine control module (ECM) #B38 for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S42291104712011061000000)

Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay

1. Ignition off.
2. Reconnect all cables to the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay.
3. Ignition on.
4. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump.

Does the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump start?

1. YES Refer to «Checking for contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-404030-S08727715112011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Replacing Pulsed Secondary Air Injection System (PAIR) Pump Relay»(ref-404030-S42541987082011061000000)

Checking for contact resistance and oxidation

The diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been caused by poor contact in the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay connector.

1. Check connector for contact resistance and oxidation and remedy according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S42291104712011061000000)

1. Try a new pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S42291104712011061000000)

Connector A

Special tools

See 9511351

See 9813190

Scheme 211

Is the test box connected to the control module?

1. YES Refer to «Checking the signal cable»(ref-404030-S31918259332011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Connection of break-out box to connector A (black)»(ref-404030-S26889109852011061000000)

Scheme 212

Scheme 213

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Disconnect ECM. NOTE: The ECM must not be removed from the car until the main relay has interrupted the supply. This may take up to 150 seconds after the ignition has been switched off. Plug adapter «9511351»(ref-403953-S10348238732011061000000) into ECM base and connect break-out box «9813190»(ref-403953-S32930552542011061000000) to adapter.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking ground terminals»(ref-404030-S11375033952011061000000)

Scheme 214

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Switch off all power consumers, such as interior lighting and radio. Use ohmmeter to measure resistance between battery negative terminal and #13 (#A13) on break-out box #28 (#A28) on break-out box #42 (#A42) on break-out box

Instrument should indicate approx. 0 ohms in all cases.

1. OK Refer to «Checking the signal cable»(ref-404030-S31918259332011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for open-circuit, contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-404030-S06054346542011061000000)

Checking for open-circuit, contact resistance and oxidation

1. Check ground terminals 31/32 and 31/33 at rear of engine and associated wiring for open-circuit as per «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) , and for contact resistance and oxidation as per «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .
2. Check ground lead between engine and chassis for open-circuit as per «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) , and for contact resistance and oxidation as per «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .

Scheme 215

Press Continue when fault is repaired.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S35216019782011061000000)

HINT: After repair, it is necessary to check that the fault has been corrected.

HINT: Perform as described below.

1. Switch off ignition.
2. Switch off all power consumers, such as interior lighting and radio. Use ohmmeter to measure resistance between battery negative terminal and #13 (#A13) on break-out box #28 (#A28) on break-out box #42 (#A42) on break-out box

Instrument should indicate approx. 0 ohms in all cases.

1. OK Refer to «Checking the signal cable»(ref-404030-S31918259332011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S20086529092011061000000)

The fault should be diagnosed and remedied. Since this is not the case the fault-tracing process has failed.

Complete the fault-tracing for those fault or try again.

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition on.
2. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump.

A "clicking sound" should be heard from the relay and the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump should start.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S25446857042011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

EFI-446: Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve, leakage

Condition

Scheme 216

The pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump valve is checked by disabling the long-term fuel trim and canister purge (CP) valve control. The pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump is started and the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump valve is kept closed, if the short-term fuel trim integrator rises above a set value within 6 seconds diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-446 is stored.

Substitute Value

1. Fuel trim disabled.

Possible Source

If EFI-442 (Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR), flow too high) and EFI-446 (Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve, leakage) occur together

1. Leaking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve
2. Defective pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve.
3. Air leakage in the exhaust system.

If EFI-448 (Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump, flow too high) is stored together with the above diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) the following also apply

1. Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump runs continuously
2. Air leakage in the exhaust system
3. Damage/hole in the hose between pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump and pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve.

Fault symptom[s]

1. A muffled sucking sound can be heard from the engine compartment when the engine is idling.

Leakage. Intermittent fault

EFI-446 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve, leakage

Checking hoses and pipes

1. Check for air leakage in the exhaust system according to «Checking for air leakage in the exhaust system»(ref-403958-S31346639232011061000000) .
2. Check the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pipe for damage and leakage.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S30118398682011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

Leakage. Permanent fault

EFI-446 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve, leakage

Checking solenoid valve

1. Ignition off.
2. Carefully disconnect the lilac hose from the solenoid valve.
3. Connect a vacuum meter to the solenoid valve.
4. Start the engine and idle it.
5. Engine coolant temperature (ECT) above 60°C. Start pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump.

The vacuum meter should not give a reading.

1. OK Refer to «Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve»(ref-404030-S34533729282011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking solenoid valve signal cable»(ref-404030-S00936196332011061000000)

Scheme 217

1. Disconnect pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve from pipe, leave hoses in place.
2. Ignition on. Select the Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump.

No air should escape from the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve outlet.

1. OK Refer to «Checking for air leakage»(ref-404030-S06789904522011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Replacing Pulsed Secondary Air Injection System (PAIR) Valve»(ref-404030-S04302906112011061000000)

Checking for air leakage

1. Check for air leakage in the exhaust system according to «Checking for air leakage in the exhaust system»(ref-403958-S31346639232011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S33627748882011061000000)

Replacing Pulsed Secondary Air Injection System (PAIR) Valve

1. Try a new pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S33627748882011061000000)

Checking solenoid valve signal cable

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect solenoid valve connector. Connect vacuum meter to solenoid valve. Start the engine and idle it. Engine coolant temperature (ECT) above 60°C.

The vacuum meter should not give a reading.

1. OK Refer to «Checking cables and terminals»(ref-404030-S02780206512011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Replacing Solenoid Valve»(ref-404030-S14345963722011061000000)

Replacing Solenoid Valve

1. Try a new solenoid valve.

Scheme 218

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S33627748882011061000000)

1. Check cable between solenoid valve terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A37 for a short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06142553522011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S33627748882011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Reinstall all hoses/components.
3. Ignition on.
4. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to erase diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

1. Continue Refer to «Verification, continued»(ref-404030-S13294305472011061000000)

Verification, continued

1. Disconnect the Volvo Scan Tool (ST) from the VIDA station and use it in stand-alone mode.
2. Run the engine to operating temperature (above 70°C).
3. Air conditioning (A/C) off.
4. Gear selector in P or N
5. Engine idling
6. Go into the Diagnostic Test Mode (DTM) menu. Activate PAIR diagnostic.
7. Wait until the diagnostic is complete. This can take up to 2 minutes. NOTE: If the texts START CONDITIONS NOT MET or DIAGNOSTIC INTERRUPTED are displayed the diagnostic cannot be carried out. This can have several causes: for example. Short-term fuel trim unstable, long-term fuel trim stop, engine coolant temperature (ECT) above 103°C or a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been stored after the diagnostic has been activated. Check that no diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) are stored, restart the car and try to activate the diagnostic again. Sometimes several attempts will have to be made before the diagnostic is carried out.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification, continued»(ref-404030-S34432875842011061000000)

1. Volvo Scan Tool (ST) connect to VIDA station.
2. Engine idling
3. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to read off diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

Does the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) recur?

1. YES NOT VERIFIED
2. NO VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

EFI-447: Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve, signal

Condition

Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-447 (Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve, signal) will be stored 5 seconds after the engine is started if there is a short-circuit to ground/supply voltage or an open-circuit in the solenoid valve signal cable.

Substitute Value

1. Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) diagnostic disabled
2. Front and rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) diagnostic disabled
3. Fuel trim disabled

Possible Source

Signal too high

1. Short-circuit to supply voltage in signal cable
2. Defective pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve.

Signal too low

1. Short-circuit to ground in signal cable

Signal missing

1. Defective fuse 11B/5 (1998-)
2. open-circuit in signal- or power cable
3. Contact resistance in terminals
4. Defective pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve.

Fault symptom[s]

1. A muffled sucking sound can be heard from the engine compartment when the engine is idling.

Signal missing. Intermittent fault

EFI-447 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve, signal

1. Check solenoid valve and/or engine control module (ECM) connectors for contact resistance and oxidation according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S32156020042011061000000) and loose connections according to «Loose connections (terminals)»(ref-403956-S28513979592011061000000) .
2. Check cable between solenoid valve terminal 1 and main relay (2/32) terminal 3 for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .
3. Check cable between solenoid valve terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A37 for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S15205624192011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

Signal missing. Permanent fault

EFI-447 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve, signal

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect connector from solenoid valve.
3. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between solenoid valve connector terminal 1 and ground.

The voltmeter should read battery voltage.

1. OK Refer to «Checking solenoid valve»(ref-404030-S02306681832011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S07278344212011061000000)

1. Check power cable between solenoid valve terminal 1 and main relay (2/32) for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S11405859352011061000000)

1. Ignition off. Connect an ohmmeter to solenoid valve between terminals 1 and 2.

The ohmmeter should read 30 - 33 ohms.

1. OK Refer to «Checking the signal cable»(ref-404030-S31199870002011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Replacing Solenoid Valve»(ref-404030-S24395338602011061000000)

Scheme 219

1. Ignition off.
2. Connect the breakout box and check ground terminals according to «Connecting breakout box, connector A»(ref-404030-S15952305172011061000000) Connect an ohmmeter between breakout box terminal #37 (A37) and solenoid valve connector terminal 2.

The ohmmeter should read approximately 0 ohms.

1. OK Refer to «Fault-tracing information»(ref-404030-S17845992272011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S20975497452011061000000)

1. Check cable between solenoid valve terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A37 for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S11405859352011061000000)

The cause of the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been loose connections in the engine control module (ECM) and/or solenoid valve connectors.

1. Check connectors for contact resistance and oxidation and remedy in accordance with «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S11405859352011061000000)

1. Try a new solenoid valve.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S11405859352011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Solenoid valve and engine control module (ECM) connected.
3. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve should click when it is activated.

Is the solenoid valve working?

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S31987163982011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

EFI-447 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve, signal

1. Check cable between solenoid valve terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A37 for an intermittent short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S21794317742011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S21426616492011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

EFI-447 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve, signal

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect connector from solenoid valve.
3. Ignition on. Connect an electrician's screwdriver (3 W bulb at least) between solenoid valve connector terminal 2 and ground.

The electrician's screwdriver should not light.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Solenoid Valve»(ref-404030-S32369467942011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S14920728602011061000000)

1. Check signal cable between solenoid valve connector terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A37 for a short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage. Permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06473788552011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S40650028852011061000000)

1. Try a new solenoid valve.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S40650028852011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Solenoid valve and engine control module (ECM) connected.
3. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve should click when it is activated.

Is the solenoid valve working?

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S31359735362011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

EFI-447 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve, signal

1. Check cable between solenoid valve terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A37 for an intermittent short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S15751886532011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S32054707582011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

EFI-447 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve, signal

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect connector from solenoid valve. Check cable between solenoid valve terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A37 for a short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06142553522011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S38295410072011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Solenoid valve and engine control module (ECM) connected.
3. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve should click when it is activated.

Is the solenoid valve working?

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S23738843922011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

EFI-448: Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump, flow fault

Condition

The pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump is checked by disabling the long-term fuel trim and canister purge (CP) valve control. The pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump is started and the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve is opened. If the short-term fuel trim integrator does not rise above a set value within 6 seconds diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-448 (Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump, flow fault) is stored.

Substitute Value

1. Fuel trim disabled.

Possible Source

Flow too high

1. This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is always stored together with EFI-442 (Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR), flow too high) and EFI-446 (Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve, leakage).

Flow too low

1. Defective pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve
2. Defective pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay
3. Defective pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump
4. Defective pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) solenoid valve
5. Vacuum hoses or check valve blocked
6. Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) air hoses/pipes blocked
7. open-circuit in pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump power cable or ground lead.

Fault symptom[s]

1. None.

Flow too low: Intermittent fault

EFI-448 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump, flow fault

1. Check hose between pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump and pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve for pinching and damage.
2. Check the vacuum hose with check valve between intake manifold and solenoid valve, and the hose between the solenoid valve and pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve for pinching and damage.
3. Check pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump ground terminal 31/44 and pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay power supply terminal C2 for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S20848377612011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

Flow too low: Permanent fault

EFI-448 Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump, flow fault

Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump

1. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump.

The relay should click and the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump should start.

1. OK Refer to «Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve»(ref-404030-S22432061102011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump power supply»(ref-404030-S42443271772011061000000)

Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump power supply

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect connector C from pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay.
3. Connect a voltmeter between pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay terminal C2 and ground. NOTE: Do not connect to ground in the sub-frame, it is insulated from the car body.
4. Ignition on.
5. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump.

The voltmeter should oscillate between battery voltage and 0 V with a 3 second interval.

1. OK Refer to «Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump resistance»(ref-404030-S28282362332011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Replacing Pulsed Secondary Air Injection System (PAIR) Pump Relay»(ref-404030-S21492566492011061000000)

1. Try a new pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S24698734752011061000000)

Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump resistance

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect connector C from pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump relay.
3. Ignition on. Connect an ohmmeter between pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump connector C terminal 2 and ground. NOTE: Do not connect to ground on the sub-frame, it is insulated from the car body.

The ohmmeter should read approximately 0.5-2 ohms.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Pulsed Secondary Air Injection System (PAIR) Pump»(ref-404030-S32018818832011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump ground terminal»(ref-404030-S34999297322011061000000)

Replacing Pulsed Secondary Air Injection System (PAIR) Pump

1. Try a new pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S24698734752011061000000)

Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump ground terminal

1. Ignition off.
2. Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump disconnected.
3. Check pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump ground terminal 31/44 for contact resistance and oxidation and remedy according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) . Connect an ohmmeter between pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump connector terminal 2 and ground.

The ohmmeter should read approximately 0.5-2 ohms.

1. OK Refer to «Fault-tracing information»(ref-404030-S13310022652011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Replacing Pulsed Secondary Air Injection System (PAIR) Pump»(ref-404030-S32018818832011061000000)

The cause of the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been loose connections in the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump ground terminal.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S24698734752011061000000)

Scheme 220

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve from pipe, leave hoses in place.
3. Carefully disconnect the lilac hose from the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve.
4. Connect a vacuum pump to the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve.
5. Ignition on.
6. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump.

Air should escape from the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve outlet when the pump is operating.

1. OK Refer to «Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pipe»(ref-404030-S11707876922011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) hose»(ref-404030-S05966309352011061000000)

Scheme 221

1. Pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve off. CAUTION: If the car has been driven recently the exhaust system can be very hot, let it cool down a little. Otherwise the special tool may get burnt.
2. Remove the exhaust tail pipe.
3. Install tool «9995546»(ref-403953-S01007068732011061000000) with pressure regulator «9995544»(ref-403953-S05241159092011061000000) on the exhaust system.
4. Adjust pressure to 0.4 bar . Depending on the condition of the exhaust system a lower pressure may be necessary. Feel to see if air is escaping from the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pipe.

Is air escaping?

1. YES Refer to «Checking vacuum hoses»(ref-404030-S09842405932011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Cleaning»(ref-404030-S37717627962011061000000)

Cleaning

1. Clean the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pipe and its connector to the manifold.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S24698734752011061000000)

Scheme 222

1. Ignition off.
2. Reinstall pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve (use a new gasket).
3. Carefully disconnect the white hose from the solenoid valve.
4. Start the engine and idle it. Check to see if there is a vacuum in the hose.

There should be a vacuum in the hose.

1. OK Refer to «Checking lilac hose»(ref-404030-S09422860182011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Check»(ref-404030-S39003969122011061000000)

Check

1. Check to ensure that the white hose, check valve and connector in the connector pipe are not blocked.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S24698734752011061000000)

Checking lilac hose

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect the lilac hose between the solenoid valve and pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve.
3. Check the lilac hose. It must not leak or be blocked. Check the lilac hose.

It must not leak or be blocked.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Solenoid Valve»(ref-404030-S32285347582011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Repairing hose»(ref-404030-S14913916002011061000000)

1. Try a new solenoid valve.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S24698734752011061000000)

Repairing hose

1. Remedy or replace hose.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S24698734752011061000000)

Checking pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) hose

1. Ignition off.
2. Carefully disconnect the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) hose from the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve.
3. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump. Feel at the end of the hose.

Air should escape when the pump is operating.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Pulsed Secondary Air Injection System (PAIR) Valve»(ref-404030-S12152494692011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking hoses»(ref-404030-S38708083202011061000000)

1. Try a new pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S24698734752011061000000)

Checking hoses

1. Ignition off.
2. Carefully disconnect the hose between the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump and the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) valve. Check that the hose is not blocked or leaking, check that the hose to the pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) pump is not blocked.

Are the hoses in order?

1. YES Refer to «Replacing Pulsed Secondary Air Injection System (PAIR) Pump»(ref-404030-S32018818832011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Replacing Faulty Hoses»(ref-404030-S07591391552011061000000)

Replacing Faulty Hoses

1. Remedy or replace faulty hoses.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S24698734752011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Reinstall all hoses/components.
3. Ignition on.
4. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to erase diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

1. Continue Refer to «Verification, continued»(ref-404030-S30115813112011061000000)

1. Disconnect the Volvo Scan Tool (ST) from the VIDA station and use it in stand-alone mode.
2. Run the engine to normal operating temperature (over 70°C).
3. Air conditioning (A/C) off.
4. Gear selector in P or N.
5. Let engine idle.
6. Go into the Diagnostic Test Mode (DTM) menu. Activate PAIR diagnostic.
7. Wait until the diagnostic is complete. This can take up to 2 minutes. NOTE: If the texts START CONDITIONS NOT MET or DIAGNOSTIC INTERRUPTED are displayed the diagnostic cannot be carried out. This can have several causes: for example. The short-term fuel trim is unstable, the long-term fuel trim is at an end position, the engine coolant temperature (ECT) is over 103°C or that a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been set after the diagnostic has been set. Check that no diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) are stored, restart the car and try to activate the diagnostic again. Sometimes several attempts will have to be made before the diagnostic is carried out.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification, continued»(ref-404030-S01011566952011061000000)

1. Volvo Scan Tool (ST) connect to VIDA station.
2. Let engine idle.
3. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to read off diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

Does the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) recur?

1. YES Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S31162636792011061000000)
2. NO VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

See Leakage. Intermittent fault

See Leakage. Permanent fault

EFI-451: Misfire emission level cylinder 1, EFI-452: Misfire emission level cylinder 2, EFI-453: Misfire emission level cylinder 3, EFI-454 Misfire emission level cylinder 4, EFI-455: Misfire emission level cylinder 5, EFI-543: Misfire emission level from at least 1 cylinder, EFI-551: Misfire with three-way catalytic converter (TWC) damage cylinder 1, EFI-552: Misfire with three-way catalytic converter (TWC) damage cylinder 2, EFI-553: Misfire with three-way catalytic converter (TWC) damage cylinder 3, EFI-554: Misfire with three-way catalytic converter (TWC) damage cylinder 4, EFI-555: Misfire with three-way catalytic converter (TWC) damage cylinder 5, EFI-545: Misfire with three-way catalytic converter (TWC) damage from at least 1 cylinder

Condition

Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) EFI-45X, EFI-543

1. If the engine control module (ECM) registers more than 0.5% misfires in 1.000 engine revolutions (2.500 ignition sequences), the engine control module (ECM) checks whether this misfiring comes from one specific cylinder or from different cylinders. If only one cylinder exceeds the limit, diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-543 is stored first and then one of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) EFI-451, EFI-452, EFI-453, EFI-454 or EFI-455, depending on the cylinder. If more than one cylinder exceeds the limit diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-543 is stored with a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) for the relevant cylinder.

Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-55X, EFI-545

1. If the engine control module (ECM) registers misfiring to such a degree that the three-way catalytic converter (TWC) could be damaged (this degree varies with engine speed and load), for 200 engine revolutions (500 ignition sequences) the engine control module (ECM) checks whether the misfiring is coming from a specific cylinder or from different cylinders. If only one cylinder exceeds the limit, diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-x is stored first with one of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) EFI-451, EFI-452, EFI-453, EFI-454 or EFI-456 and EFI-543 first diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-545 and then one of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) EFI-551, EFI-552, EFI-553, EFI-554 or EFI-555 depending on the cylinder. If more than one cylinder exceeds the limit diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-545 is stored with a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) for the relevant cylinder.

Substitute Value

Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) EFI-45X, EFI-543

1. Fuel trim with rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) disabled
2. Long-term fuel trim disabled
3. Three-way catalytic converter (TWC) diagnostic disabled
4. Heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) diagnostic disabled.

Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-55X, EFI-545

1. Fuel trim for both heated oxygen sensors (HO2S) disabled
2. Heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) aging diagnostic disabled
3. Long-term fuel trim disabled
4. three-way catalytic converter (TWC) diagnostic disabled
5. EVAP diagnostic is disabled
6. Short-circuit in heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) signal cable and ground lead blocked.

Possible Source

1. Defective spark plugs, ignition cables, distributor cap/rotor, ignition coil or flywheel/pulse wheel
2. Blocked/leaking injector
3. Uneven compression
4. Leakage between cooling system and cylinder
5. Moisture, flashover in ignition system HT side
6. Intermittent open-circuit , intermittent short-circuit to ground, intermittent short-circuit to voltage supply, contact resistance or loose connection in ignition system low-tension side, in injector circuit or fuel pump (FP) circuit.
7. Engine oil level too high
8. Air leakage
9. Fuel pressure and residual pressure.

Fault causes not included in the fault-tracing process, but which may still post a diagnostic trouble code (DTC)

1. Fuel stoppage
2. Water in spark plug wells
3. Contaminated fuel or incorrect fuel
4. Repeated cold starting where the engine coolant temperature (ECT) is not allowed to reach operating temperature between starts.

Fault symptom[s]

1. Engine does not start, or is difficult to start.
2. Engine runs unevenly at idling speed, or jerkily while driving
3. Poor performance
4. High emissions
5. Glowing pieces of three-way catalytic converter (TWC) falling out of the exhaust pipe.

Misfire in one cylinder

Special tools

See 9985496

Checking spark plugs

1. Remove all the spark plugs.

Scheme 223

Is the spark plug for the relevant cylinder lighter in color than the other plugs?

1. YES Refer to «Replacing fuel injector»(ref-404030-S34594308522011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking compression»(ref-404030-S04015858432011061000000)

Replacing fuel injector

This indicates that its cylinder is receiving too little fuel.

1. Try a new injector according to «Injector valve, replacement»(ref-403954-S40924479722011061000000) .

Scheme 224

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S24738429002011061000000)

Checking compression

1. Carry out a compression test according to «Compression test»(ref-404029-S33633901992011061000000) .

Is compression correct?

1. YES Refer to «Checking cooling system»(ref-404030-S08084926062011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Replacing Spark Plugs»(ref-404030-S36117927452011061000000)

Replacing Spark Plugs

1. Remedy as necessary, then replace all spark plugs. NOTE: It is vital that the correct spark plugs are used, see parts catalogue for P/N. Check the spark gap of new plugs before they are fitted. Spark gap should be 0.7 - 0.8 mm.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S24738429002011061000000)

Scheme 225

1. Connect pressure tester «9985496»(ref-403953-S16783487572011061000000) to the expansion tank. Pump up a pressure of approximately 100 kPa.

Shine a flashlight into the relevant cylinder and check that there is no leakage between the cooling system and the cylinder.

1. OK Refer to «Checking ignition cables»(ref-404030-S03302708142011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Replacing Spark Plugs»(ref-404030-S36117927452011061000000)

Scheme 226

1. Remove all ignition cables. Check the ignition cables for damage, cracks or arcing. Then measure the resistance in each ignition cable. Resistance should be 1.5 - 4.5 kohms depending on their length, at +20°C. Replace ignition cables that are damaged or have an incorrect resistance. Check between ignition cables and the distributor cap and spark plugs for loose connections. Remedy if necessary.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking distributor cap and rotor»(ref-404030-S03160247082011061000000)

Scheme 227

1. Remove distributor cap. Check distributor cap/rotor for damage, cracks and flashover. If a fault is suspected: Clean. Replace suspect components if necessary.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking flywheel/pulse wheel»(ref-404030-S39885776782011061000000)

Checking flywheel/pulse wheel

1. Install new spark plugs. NOTE: It is vital that the correct spark plugs are used, see parts catalogue for P/N. Check the spark gap of new plugs before they are fitted. Spark gap should be 0.7 - 0.8 mm.
2. Install distributor cap and connect all ignition cables.
3. Start the engine and idle it.
4. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to read off the values for flywheel adaption B, C, D and E.

Values should be between -0.391 and +0.387.

1. OK Refer to «Checking injector cables and terminals»(ref-404030-S37896330932011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for damage»(ref-404030-S38327703012011061000000)

Checking for damage

1. Check engine speed (RPM) sensor probe and the hole to the flywheel/carrier plate for damage, scratches and swarf.
2. If the engine speed (RPM) sensor and hole are OK: Try a new flywheel, reset adaption.

Scheme 228

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S24738429002011061000000)

Checking injector cables and terminals

1. Check the cable between the affected injector and engine control module (ECM) for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) , an intermittent short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S15751886532011061000000) , and an intermittent short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S21794317742011061000000) .
2. Check affected injector and engine control module (ECM) connectors for loose connections according to «Loose connections (terminals)»(ref-403956-S28513979592011061000000) and contact resistance and oxidation according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S32156020042011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking for air leakage»(ref-404030-S35468799802011061000000)

Check for air leakage according to Check for air leaks in the intake system .

If air leakage occurs remedy as necessary.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking fuel and residual pressures»(ref-404030-S13859031942011061000000)

1. Check fuel and residual pressure according to «Check for air leaks in the intake system»(ref-403958-S26493902602011061000000) «Checking for air leakage in the exhaust system»(ref-403958-S31346639232011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S24738429002011061000000)

In case of this defect, troubleshooting is not followed by verification.

The information can be displayed again or the fault-tracing for this fault can be interrupted.

See Misfire in one cylinder

See Misfire in one cylinder

See Misfire in one cylinder

See Misfire in one cylinder

EFI-514: Engine cooling fan (FC) low-speed, signal

Condition

Scheme 229

Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-514 is stored if there is a short-circuit to ground/supply voltage or open-circuit in the engine cooling fan (FC) signal cable.

Substitute Value

1. Idle air trim disabled
2. Fuel trim disabled
3. Conditions for fuel shut-off changed
4. If engine coolant temperature exceeds 102°C the engine cooling fan (FC) starts operating at high-speed.

Possible Source

Signal too low

1. Short-circuit to ground in signal cable (A7)
2. Defective engine cooling fan (FC) relay

Signal too high

1. Short-circuit to ground in signal cable
2. Defective engine cooling fan (FC) relay.

Signal missing

1. open-circuit in signal cable
2. open-circuit in engine cooling fan (FC) relay power cable
3. Short-circuit to ground in signal cable (A22)
4. Contact resistance in terminals
5. Defective engine cooling fan (FC) relay.

Fault symptom[s]

1. May result in poor performance.

EFI-514 Engine cooling fan (FC) low-speed, signal

1. Check engine cooling fan (FC) relay and engine control module (ECM) connectors for loose connections according to «Loose connections (terminals)»(ref-403956-S28513979592011061000000) and contact resistance and oxidation according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S32156020042011061000000) .
2. Check cable between engine cooling fan (FC) relay terminal B1 and engine control module (ECM) #A7 for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .
3. Check cable between engine cooling fan (FC) relay terminal A1 and starter motor for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .
4. Check cable between engine cooling fan (FC) relay connector B2 and engine control module (ECM) #A22 for an intermittent short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S15751886532011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S12991572162011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

EFI-514 Engine cooling fan (FC) low-speed, signal

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect connector A from fan control (FC) relay. Connect a voltmeter between relay connector A (engine control module (ECM) side) and ground.

The voltmeter should read battery voltage.

1. OK Refer to «Checking the signal cable»(ref-404030-S19425500892011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S09984836882011061000000)

1. There is an integrated fusible link between the starter motor and relay. If there is an open-circuit in this cable there is probably a short-circuit to ground in the circuit which caused the open-circuit. Check the relay and fan motor before replacing the cable. Check cable between starter motor and engine cooling fan (FC) relay terminal A1 for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S17283726262011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Connector A disconnected.
3. Disconnect engine cooling fan (FC) relay connector B.
4. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between relay connector B terminal 1 (engine control module (ECM) side) and ground.

The voltmeter should read approximately 6 V.

1. OK Refer to «Checking signal cable, high-speed»(ref-404030-S13886197232011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking control module connector»(ref-404030-S36635097912011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Connectors A and B disconnected.
3. Check control module connector for contact resistance and oxidation and remedy according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .
4. Control module connected.
5. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between relay connector B terminal 1 (engine control module (ECM) side) and ground.

The voltmeter should read approximately 6 V.

1. OK Refer to «Checking for contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-404030-S05904525292011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S37077937882011061000000)

The cause of the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been loose connections in the control module connector.

1. Check connector for contact resistance and oxidation and remedy according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S17283726262011061000000)

1. Check cable between engine cooling fan (FC) relay terminal B1 and engine control module (ECM) #A7 for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S17283726262011061000000)

Checking signal cable, high-speed

1. Ignition off.
2. Connectors A and B disconnected.
3. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between relay connector B terminal 2 (engine control module (ECM) side) and ground.

The voltmeter should read approximately 3 V.

1. OK Refer to «Checking engine cooling fan (FC) relay»(ref-404030-S20699128652011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S41326292582011061000000)

1. Check cable between engine cooling fan (FC) relay connector B2 and engine control module (ECM) #A22 for a short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06142553522011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S17283726262011061000000)

Checking engine cooling fan (FC) relay

1. Ignition off.
2. Connect connectors A and B to engine cooling fan (FC) relay.
3. Disconnect the Volvo Scan Tool (ST) from the VIDA station and use it in stand-alone mode.
4. Start the engine and idle it.
5. Go into the Diagnostic Test Mode (DTM) menu.
6. Watch EFI-514, wait until the status of EFI-514 switches to tested. This can take up to 15 minutes after the engine has been started.

Is the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) still permanent?

1. YES Refer to «Replacing Engine Cooling Fan (FC) Relay»(ref-404030-S24222825862011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Checking for contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-404030-S00310056802011061000000)

Replacing Engine Cooling Fan (FC) Relay

1. Try a new engine cooling fan (FC) relay.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S17283726262011061000000)

The cause of the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been loose connections in the engine cooling fan (FC) relay and/or control module connectors.

1. Check connectors for contact resistance and oxidation and remedy in accordance with «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S17283726262011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Engine cooling fan (FC) relay and engine control module (ECM) connected.
3. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate the engine cooling fan (FC) (low-speed).

The engine cooling fan (FC) should run at low-speed.

1. OK Refer to «Verification, continued»(ref-404030-S10741824112011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S36949409052011061000000)

1. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate the engine cooling fan (FC) (high-speed).

The engine cooling fan (FC) should run at high-speed.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S36949409052011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

EFI-514 Engine cooling fan (FC) low-speed, signal

1. Check cable between engine cooling fan (FC) relay terminal B1 and engine control module (ECM) #A7 for an intermittent short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S21794317742011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S00943389192011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

EFI-514 Engine cooling fan (FC) low-speed, signal

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect engine cooling fan (FC) relay connector B.
3. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between relay connector B terminal 1 (engine control module (ECM) side) and ground.

The voltmeter should read approximately 6 V.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Engine Cooling Fan (FC) Relay»(ref-404030-S23947477842011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S06496416532011061000000)

1. Try a new engine cooling fan (FC) relay.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S06734986202011061000000)

1. Check cable between engine cooling fan (FC) relay terminal B1 and engine control module (ECM) #A7 for a short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage. Permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06473788552011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S06734986202011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Engine cooling fan (FC) relay and engine control module (ECM) connected.
3. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate the engine cooling fan (FC) (low-speed).

The engine cooling fan (FC) should run at low-speed.

1. OK Refer to «Verification, continued»(ref-404030-S20225549352011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S30479752012011061000000)

1. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate the engine cooling fan (FC) (high-speed).

The engine cooling fan (FC) should run at high-speed.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S30479752012011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

EFI-514 Engine cooling fan (FC) low-speed, signal

1. Check cable between engine cooling fan (FC) relay terminal B1 and engine control module (ECM) #A7 for an intermittent short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S15751886532011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S03727474052011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

EFI-514 Engine cooling fan (FC) low-speed, signal

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect engine cooling fan (FC) relay connector B.
3. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between relay connector B terminal 1 (engine control module (ECM) side) and ground.

The voltmeter should read approximately 6 V.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Engine Cooling Fan (FC) Relay»(ref-404030-S30776595032011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S35851495022011061000000)

1. Try a new engine cooling fan (FC) relay.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S41598713792011061000000)

1. Check cable between engine cooling fan (FC) relay terminal B1 and engine control module (ECM) #A7 for a short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06142553522011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S41598713792011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Engine cooling fan (FC) relay and engine control module (ECM) connected.
3. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate the engine cooling fan (FC) (low-speed).

The engine cooling fan (FC) should run at low-speed.

1. OK Refer to «Verification, continued»(ref-404030-S04986830522011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S40914790422011061000000)

1. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate the engine cooling fan (FC) (high-speed).

The engine cooling fan (FC) should run at high-speed.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S40914790422011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

EFI-521: Front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), preheating EFI-522 Rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), preheating

Condition

Monitoring of the heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) heating circuit begins approximately 3 minutes after the HO2S heating sequence starts. Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) EFI-521 or EFI-522 are stored if the engine control module (ECM) registers too high or low a current in the heating circuit.

Substitute Value

1. 2-heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) control disabled

Possible Source

Signal too high

1. Short-circuit to supply voltage in signal cable
2. Defective heated oxygen sensor (HO2S).

Signal too low

1. Short-circuit to ground in signal cable
2. Defective fuse 11B/5 (1998-)
3. open-circuit in signal- or power cable
4. Contact resistance in terminals
5. Defective heated oxygen sensor (HO2S).

Fault symptom[s]

1. None.

EFI-521 Front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), preheating EFI-522 Rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), preheating

Scheme 230

1. Check cable between heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A14 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-521)/ #A29 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-522) for an intermittent short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S21794317742011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S27622551962011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

EFI-521 Front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), preheating EFI-522 Rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), preheating

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) (front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S): black connector, rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S): gray connector).
3. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between the heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connector terminal 2 (engine control module (ECM) side) and ground.

The voltmeter should read approximately 0 V.

1. OK Refer to «Replacing Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)»(ref-404030-S31175585852011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S23374887162011061000000)

Replacing Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)

1. Try a new heated oxygen sensor (HO2S).

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S19971825582011061000000)

1. Check cable between heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A14 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-521)/ #A29 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-522) for a short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage. Permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06473788552011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S19971825582011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows.

1. Ignition off.
2. Front and rear heated oxygen sensors (HO2S) connected.
3. Control module connected.
4. Disconnect the Volvo Scan Tool (ST) from the VIDA station and use it in stand-alone mode.
5. Start the engine and idle it.
6. Go into verification menu. Watch the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) to be verified. Wait until its status switches to tested This can take up to 5 minutes for EFI-521. This can take up to 15 minutes for EFI-522.
7. Read off diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

If EFI-521 or EFI-522 are stored they should intermittent fault status.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S12987966442011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

EFI-521 Front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), preheating EFI-522 Rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), preheating

1. Check cable between heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) terminal 1 and main relay (2/32) terminal 3 for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .
2. Check cable between heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A14 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-521)/ #A29 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-522) for an intermittent short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S15751886532011061000000) and an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .
3. Check heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) and engine control module (ECM) connectors for loose connections according to «Loose connections (terminals)»(ref-403956-S28513979592011061000000) and contact resistance and oxidation according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S32156020042011061000000) . CAUTION: Do not apply rust solvent spray or grease to the heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connector.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S06114916652011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

EFI-521 Front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), preheating EFI-522 Rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), preheating

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) (front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S): black connector, rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S): gray connector).
3. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connector terminal 1 (main relay 2/32 side) and ground.

The voltmeter should read battery voltage.

1. OK Refer to «Checking the signal cable»(ref-404030-S25658143682011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S23005666972011061000000)

1. Check cable between heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) terminal 1 and main relay (2/32) terminal 3 for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S27196599302011061000000)

1. Ignition on.
2. Heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) disconnected. Connect a voltmeter between the heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connector terminal 2 (engine control module (ECM) side) and ground.

The voltmeter should read approximately 0 V.

1. OK Refer to «Checking signal cable resistance to ground»(ref-404030-S19508716822011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for a short-circuit»(ref-404030-S02426386662011061000000)

1. Check cable between heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A14 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-521)/ #A29 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-522) for a short-circuit to supply voltage according to «Short-circuit to supply voltage. Permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06473788552011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S27196599302011061000000)

Checking signal cable resistance to ground

1. Ignition off.
2. Wait for approximately 150 seconds (cars with immobilizer 245 seconds).
3. Heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) disconnected.
4. Disconnect control module. Connect an ohmmeter between heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connector terminal 2 (engine control module (ECM) side) and ground.

The ohmmeter should read infinite resistance.

1. OK Refer to «Connecting breakout box, connector A»(ref-404030-S15952305172011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S07169900912011061000000)

1. Check cable between heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A14 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-521)/ #A29 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-522) for a short-circuit to ground according to «Short-circuit to ground, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S06142553522011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S27196599302011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) disconnected.
3. Control module disconnected. Connect an ohmmeter between heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connector terminal 2 (engine control module (ECM) side) and breakout box terminal: #14 (#A14), for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-521. #29 (#A29), for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-522.

The ohmmeter should read approximately 0 ohms.

1. OK Refer to «Checking heated oxygen sensor (HO2S)»(ref-404030-S29847335692011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S07240847062011061000000)

1. Check cable between heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A14 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-521)/ #A29 (for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-522) for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S27196599302011061000000)

Checking heated oxygen sensor (HO2S)

1. Ignition off.
2. Connect the heated oxygen sensor (HO2S).
3. Control module disconnected. Connect an ohmmeter between breakout box terminals #27 (#A27) and: #14 (#A14), for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-521 #29 (#A29), for diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-522.

The ohmmeter should read 1.5 - 13 ohms.

1. OK Refer to «Checking connector»(ref-404030-S22040403622011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Replacing Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)»(ref-404030-S12093697242011061000000)

Checking connector

1. The cause of the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) has been loose connections in the rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connector. Check that the pins in the connector are intact. NOTE: Do not apply rust solvent spray or grease to the heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connector.

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S27196599302011061000000)

1. Try a new heated oxygen sensor (HO2S).

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S27196599302011061000000)

Connecting the breakout box

Is the breakout box connected to the Motronic 4.4 connector?

1. YES Refer to «Checking signal cable resistance»(ref-404030-S03468909762011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Connecting breakout box to Motronic 4.4 connector A (black)»(ref-404030-S31260076502011061000000)

Scheme 231

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect control module. NOTE: The engine control module (ECM) must not be removed from the car until the main relay has interrupted its power supply. This may take up to 150 seconds (cars with an immobilizer 245 seconds) after the ignition has been switched off. Connect adapter «9511351»(ref-403953-S10348238732011061000000) to engine control module (ECM) connector and connect breakout box «9813190»(ref-403953-S32930552542011061000000) to adapter.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking ground terminals»(ref-404030-S10994410292011061000000)

Scheme 232

1. Ignition off.
2. Switch off all equipment that takes power from the battery (courtesy lighting, radio etc.). Connect an ohmmeter between battery negative terminal and: #13 (#A13) on the breakout box. #28 (#A28) on the breakout box. #42 (#A42) on the breakout box.

The ohmmeter should read approximately 0 ohms for all readings.

1. OK Refer to «Reading is OK»(ref-404030-S12456850032011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S32767792582011061000000)

1. Check ground terminals 31/32 and 31/33 at rear of engine and their cables for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) and contact resistance and oxidation according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .
2. Check ground lead between engine and chassis for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) and contact resistance and oxidation according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking signal cable resistance»(ref-404030-S03468909762011061000000)

Reading is OK

1. Return to the fault-tracing procedure where it was interrupted.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking signal cable resistance»(ref-404030-S03468909762011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows.

1. Ignition off.
2. Front and rear heated oxygen sensors (HO2S) connected.
3. Control module connected.
4. Disconnect the Volvo Scan Tool (ST) from the VIDA station and use it in stand-alone mode.
5. Start the engine and idle it.
6. Go into verification menu. Watch the diagnostic trouble code (DTC) to be verified. Wait until its status switches to tested This can take up to 5 minutes for EFI-521. This can take up to 15 minutes for EFI-522.
7. Read off diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

If EFI-521 or EFI-522 are stored they should intermittent fault status.

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S30555981232011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.

See Signal too high. Intermittent fault

See Signal too high. Permanent fault

See Signal too low. Intermittent fault

See Signal too low. Permanent fault

EFI-532: Ignition discharge module (IDM) group B

Condition

Scheme 233

Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-532 is stored if the engine control module (ECM) registers a short-circuit in terminal A43.

Substitute Value

1. the ignition discharge module (IDM) is disabled until the fault has disappeared

Possible Source

1. Short-circuit to supply voltage or ground in terminal A43.
2. Defective control module.

Fault symptom[s]

1. None.

EFI-532 Ignition discharge module (IDM) group B

Checking connectors

1. Check that engine control module (ECM) terminal #A43 is empty (car side) and that engine control module (ECM) pin A43 and adjacent pins are undamaged.

Select "Continue" when the check has been made.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S41620543612011061000000)

In case of this defect, troubleshooting is not followed by verification.

The information can be displayed again or the fault-tracing for this fault can be interrupted.

EFI-533 Ignition discharge module (IDM) group C

Checking terminal #B19

1. Check that engine control module (ECM) terminal #B19 is empty (car side) and that engine control module (ECM) pin #B19 and adjacent pins are undamaged.

Select "Continue" when the check has been made.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S38219227562011061000000)

In case of this defect, troubleshooting is not followed by verification.

The information can be displayed again or the fault-tracing for this fault can be interrupted.

EFI-541: Canister purge (CP) valve, signal

Condition

Scheme 234

Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) EFI-541 (Canister purge (CP) valve, signal) is stored if the engine control module (ECM) registers a fault in the canister purge (CP) valve coil or cables after 5 seconds.

Substitute Value

1. 2-heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) control disabled
2. The electrical test of the front heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) is disabled
3. The electrical test of the rear heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) is disabled
4. The pulsed secondary air injection system (PAIR) test is disabled
5. The heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) test is disabled
6. The three-way catalytic converter (TWC) test is disabled
7. Leak diagnostic disabled
8. Fuel shut-off conditions changed.

Possible Source

Signal too high

1. Short-circuit to supply voltage in signal cable
2. Defective canister purge (CP) valve.

Signal too low

1. Short-circuit to ground in signal cable

Signal missing

1. Defective fuse 11B/5 (1998-)
2. open-circuit in signal- or power cable
3. Defective canister purge (CP) valve.

Fault symptom[s]

1. May result in poor performance
2. May result in fuel odor
3. May result in uneven idling.

Canister purge (CP) valve, signal

1. Check canister purge (CP) valve and/or engine control module (ECM) connector for contact resistance and oxidation according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S32156020042011061000000) and loose connections according to «Loose connections (terminals)»(ref-403956-S28513979592011061000000) .
2. Check cable between canister purge (CP) valve terminal 1 and main relay (2/32) terminal 3 for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .
3. Check cable between canister purge (CP) valve terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A39 for an intermittent open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, intermittent faults»(ref-403956-S42386577882011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S17519099092011061000000)

If the fault is intermittent, do not verify fault-tracing if the fault does not recur.

It is possible to view the information again, or leave fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC).

EFI-541 Canister purge (CP) valve, signal

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect connector from canister purge (CP) valve.
3. Ignition on. Connect a voltmeter between canister purge (CP) valve connector terminal 1 and ground.

The voltmeter should read battery voltage.

1. OK Refer to «Checking canister purge (CP) valve»(ref-404030-S33746675422011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S03679599542011061000000)

1. Check power cable between canister purge (CP) valve terminal 1 and main relay (2/32) terminal 3 for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S06296002532011061000000)

Checking canister purge (CP) valve

1. Ignition off. Connect an ohmmeter to canister purge (CP) valve between terminal 1 and 2.

The ohmmeter should read 22-30 ohms.

1. OK Refer to «Connecting breakout box, connector A»(ref-404030-S38659949492011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Replacing canister purge valve»(ref-404030-S32637584302011061000000)

1. Ignition off.
2. Breakout box connected. Connect an ohmmeter between terminal #39 (A39) on the breakout box on the breakout box and canister purge (CP) valve connector terminal 2.

The ohmmeter should read approximately 0 ohms.

1. OK Refer to «Fault-tracing information»(ref-404030-S04993330202011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S38373499652011061000000)

1. Check cable between canister purge (CP) valve terminal 2 and engine control module (ECM) #A39 for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S06296002532011061000000)

The cause of the fault has been loose connections in the engine control module (ECM) and/or canister purge (CP) valve connectors.

1. Check connectors for contact resistance and oxidation and remedy in accordance with «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S06296002532011061000000)

Replacing canister purge valve

1. Try a new canister purge (CP) valve.

Scheme 235

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Verification»(ref-404030-S06296002532011061000000)

Is the breakout box connected to the Motronic 4.4 connector?

1. YES Refer to «Checking the signal cable»(ref-404030-S35069713942011061000000)
2. NO Refer to «Connecting breakout box to Motronic 4.4 connector A (black)»(ref-404030-S37752478892011061000000)

Connecting breakout box to Motronic 4.4 connector A (black)

1. Ignition off.
2. Disconnect control module. NOTE: The engine control module (ECM) must not be removed from the car until the main relay has interrupted its power supply. This may take up to 150 seconds (cars with an immobilizer 245 seconds) after the ignition has been switched off. Connect adapter «9511351»(ref-403953-S10348238732011061000000) to engine control module (ECM) connector and connect breakout box «9813190»(ref-403953-S32930552542011061000000) to adapter.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking ground terminals»(ref-404030-S23018000032011061000000)

Checking ground terminals

1. Ignition off.
2. Switch off all equipment that takes power from the battery (courtesy lighting, radio etc). Connect an ohmmeter between battery negative terminal and: #13 (#A13) on the breakout box. #28 (#A28) on the breakout box. #42 (#A42) on the breakout box.

The ohmmeter should read approximately 0 ohms for all readings.

1. OK Refer to «Reading is OK»(ref-404030-S24781479372011061000000)
2. NOT OK Refer to «Checking for an open-circuit»(ref-404030-S15747550192011061000000)

1. Check ground terminals 31/32 and 31/33 at rear of engine and their cables for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) and contact resistance and oxidation according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .
2. Check ground lead between engine and chassis for an open-circuit according to «Open-circuit, permanent faults»(ref-403956-S01344180332011061000000) and contact resistance and oxidation according to «Contact resistance and oxidation»(ref-403956-S41958999262011061000000) .

Select "Continue" when the fault has been remedied.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking the signal cable»(ref-404030-S35069713942011061000000)

1. Return to the fault-tracing procedure where it was interrupted.

1. Continue Refer to «Checking the signal cable»(ref-404030-S35069713942011061000000)

HINT: After carrying out the repair, check that the fault has been remedied as follows

1. Ignition off.
2. Canister purge (CP) valve and control module connected.
3. Ignition on. Select Volvo Scan Tool (ST) to activate canister purge (CP) valve. The canister purge (CP) valve clicks when it is activated.

Is the canister purge (CP) valve working?

1. OK VERIFIED: Troubleshooting has been completed.
2. NOT OK Refer to «Information»(ref-404030-S14662918082011061000000)

The fault should have been detected and remedied. As this is not the case fault-tracing has failed.

Exit fault-tracing for this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) or make another attempt.