INSPECTION
| CAUTION | After warming-up, engine becomes very hot. Be careful not to burn yourself during measurement. |
Scheme 293
- Remove the collector cover.
- After warming-up the engine, turn the ignition switch to OFF.
- Make sure that the battery is fully charged.
- Release the fuel pressure. RELEASING OF FUEL PRESSURE , PROCEDURE, Fuel.>
- Remove all the spark plugs. REMOVAL , Spark Plug .>
- Fully open the throttle valve.
- Check the starter motor for satisfactory performance and operation.
- Hold the compression gauge tightly against the spark plug hole. NOTE: When using a screw-in type compression gauge, the screw should be less than 18 mm (0.71 in) long.
- Crank the engine by the starter motor, and read the maximum value on the gauge when the needle of gauge is steady.
- Perform at least two measurements per cylinder, and make sure that the values are correct. Compression (200 - 300 rpm and fully open throttle): Standard: 981 - 1,177 kPa (10 - 12 kgf/cm 2 , 142 - 171 psi) Difference between cylinders: 49 kPa (0.5 kgf/cm 2 , 7 psi), or less
- Before checking the idle speed, check the following item: Check the air cleaner element is free from clogging, ignition timing is correct, spark plugs are in good condition, and hoses are connected properly. Check the malfunction indicator light does not illuminate.
- Warm-up the engine.
- Stop the engine, and turn the ignition switch to OFF.
- Connect the Subaru Select Monitor to the data link connector.
- Turn the ignition switch to ON and run the Subaru Select Monitor.
- Select {Each System Check} in Main Menu.
- Select {Engine Control System} in Selection Menu.
- Select {Current Data Display & Save} in Engine Control System Diagnosis.
- Select {Data Display} in Data Display Menu.
- Start the engine, and read the engine idle speed.
- Check the idle speed when no-loaded. (Headlight, heater fan, rear defroster, radiator fan, A/C, etc. are OFF.) Idle speed [No load and gears in neutral, "P" or "N" range]: 750±100 rpm
- Check the idle speed when loaded. (Turn the A/C switch to ON and operate the compressor for at least one minute before measurement.) Idle speed [A/C ON and gears in neutral, "P" or "N" range]: 800±100 rpm (MT model) 825±100 rpm (MT model) NOTE: Idle speed cannot be adjusted manually, because the idle speed is automatically adjusted. If the prescribed idle speed cannot be maintained, refer to General On-board Diagnosis Table under "Engine Control System". BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . >
| CAUTION | After warming-up, engine becomes very hot. Be careful not to burn yourself at measurement. |
| CAUTION | Before removing the fuel pressure gauge, release the fuel pressure. Be careful not to spill fuel. Catch the fuel from hoses using a container or cloth. |
Note. If the fuel pressure is out of specification, check or replace the pressure regulator and pressure regulator vacuum hose.
Scheme 294
Scheme 295
Scheme 296
- Remove the collector cover.
- Release the fuel pressure. RELEASING OF FUEL PRESSURE , PROCEDURE, Fuel.>
- Open the fuel filler flap lid, and remove the fuel filler cap.
- Disconnect the fuel delivery hose from fuel damper valve, and connect fuel pressure gauge.
- Install the fuse of fuel pump to the main fuse box.
- Start the engine.
- Measure the fuel pressure while disconnecting pressure regulator vacuum hose from intake manifold. Fuel pressure: Standard: 284 - 314 kPa (2.9 - 3.2 kgf/cm 2 , 41 - 46 psi)
- After connecting the pressure regulator vacuum hose, measure the fuel pressure. Fuel pressure: Standard: 230 - 260 kPa (2.35 - 2.65 kgf/cm 2 , 33 - 38 psi) NOTE: The fuel pressure gauge registers 10 to 20 kPa (0.1 to 0.2 kgf/cm 2 , 1 to 3 psi) higher than standard values during high-altitude operations.
Note. Inspection and adjustment of valve clearance should be performed while engine is cold.
Scheme 297
Scheme 298
Scheme 299
Scheme 300
Scheme 301
Scheme 302
- Set the vehicle on a lift.
- Remove the collector cover.
- Disconnect the ground cable from the battery.
- Remove the air intake duct. REMOVAL , Air Intake Duct.>
- Remove a bolt which secures timing belt cover (RH).
- Lift the vehicle.
- Remove the under cover.
- Loosen the remaining bolts which secure timing belt cover (RH), then remove the timing belt cover.
- Lower the vehicle.
- When inspecting #1 and #3 cylinders Remove the air cleaner case. REMOVAL , Air Cleaner Case.> Disconnect the connector of ignition coil. Remove the ignition coil. Place a suitable container under the vehicle. Disconnect the PCV hose from the rocker cover (RH). Remove the bolts, then remove the rocker cover (RH).
- When inspecting #2 and #4 cylinders Disconnect the battery cable, and then remove the battery and battery carrier. Remove the secondary air pump. REMOVAL , Secondary Air Pump.> Disconnect the connector of ignition coil. Remove the ignition coil. Place a suitable container under the vehicle. Disconnect the PCV hose from the rocker cover (LH). Remove the bolts, then remove the rocker cover (LH).
- Turn the crank pulley clockwise until the round mark and arrow mark on the camshaft sprocket are set to position shown in the figure. NOTE: Turn the crankshaft using socket wrench.
- Measure the #1 cylinder intake valve and #3 cylinder exhaust valve clearance by using thickness gauge (A). NOTE: Insert a thickness gauge in a direction as horizontal as possible with respect to the valve lifter. Measure the exhaust valve clearances while lifting-up the vehicle. Valve clearance Intake: 0.20±0.02 mm (0.0079±O.0008 in) Exhaust: 0.35±0.02 mm (0.0138±0.0008 in) If the measured value is not within specification, take notes of the value in order to adjust the valve clearance later on.
- If necessary, adjust the valve clearance. ADJUSTMENT, Valve Clearance.>
- Further turn the crank pulley clockwise and then measure the valve clearances again. Set the round mark and arrow mark on cam sprocket to the position shown in the figure, and measure the #2 cylinder exhaust valve and #3 cylinder intake valve clearances. Set the round mark and arrow mark on cam sprocket to the position shown in the figure, and measure the #2 cylinder intake valve and #4 cylinder exhaust valve clearances. Set the round mark and arrow mark on cam sprocket to the position shown in the figure, and measure the #1 cylinder exhaust valve and #4 cylinder intake valve clearances.
- After inspection, install the related parts in the reverse order of removal.
- Check that the pipes and hoses are connected securely.
- Check the engine coolant and ATF are at specified levels.
Make sure that no crack or other damages do not exist.
Scheme 303
- After removing the engine from body, secure it to ST in the following procedure. ST1 498457000 ENGINE STAND ADAPTER RH ST2 498457100 ENGINE STAND ADAPTER LH ST3 499817100 ENGINE STAND
- In this section the procedures described under each index are all connected and stated in order. The procedure for overhauling of the engine will be completed when you go through all steps in the process. Therefore, in this section, to conduct the particular procedure within the flow of a section, you need to go back and conduct the procedure described previously in order to do that particular procedure.
- Check the V-belt is not worn or otherwise damaged.
- Check the tension of the belt. INSPECTION, V-belt.>
Check the cover for damage.
- Check the cam sprocket teeth for abnormal wear and scratches.
- Make sure there is no free play between cam sprocket and key.
- Check the crank sprocket teeth for abnormal wear and scratches.
- Make sure there is no free play between crank sprocket and key.
- Check the crank sprocket protrusion used for sensor for damage and contamination of foreign matter.
Note. The "RANK" shown in the chart shows the possibilities of the cause of trouble in order from "Very often" to "Rarely".
| Symptom | Problem parts etc. | Possible cause | RANK |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Engine does not start. | |||
| 1) Starter does not turn. | Starter | Defective battery-to-starter harness | B |
| Defective starter switch | C | ||
| Defective inhibitor switch or neutral switch | C | ||
| Defective starter | B | ||
| Battery | Improper connection of terminal | A | |
| Run-down battery | A | ||
| Defective charging system | B | ||
| Friction | Seizure of crankshaft and connecting rod bearing | C | |
| Seized camshaft | C | ||
| Seized or stuck piston and cylinder | C | ||
| 2) Initial combustion does not occur. | Starter | Defective starter | C |
| Engine control system BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | ||
| Fuel line | Defective fuel pump and relay | A | |
| Clogged fuel line | C | ||
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | B | ||
| Timing belt | Degradation, etc. | B | |
| Defective timing | B | ||
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | C | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | C | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | B | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | B | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| 3) Initial combustion occurs. | Engine control system BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Defective intake manifold gasket | B | |
| Defective throttle body gasket | B | ||
| Fuel line | Defective fuel pump and relay | C | |
| Clogged fuel line | C | ||
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | B | ||
| Timing belt | Degradation, etc. | B | |
| Defective timing | B | ||
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | C | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | C | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | B | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | B | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| 4) Engine stalls after initial combustion. | Engine control system BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked intake duct | B | |
| Loosened or cracked PCV hose | C | ||
| Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | C | ||
| Defective intake manifold gasket | B | ||
| Defective throttle body gasket | B | ||
| Dirty air cleaner element | C | ||
| Fuel line | Clogged fuel line | C | |
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | B | ||
| Timing belt | Degradation, etc. | B | |
| Defective timing | B | ||
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | C | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | C | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | B | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | B | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| 2. Rough idle and engine stall | Engine control system BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked intake duct | A | |
| Loosened or cracked PCV hose | A | ||
| Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | A | ||
| Defective intake manifold gasket | B | ||
| Defective throttle body gasket | B | ||
| Defective PCV valve | C | ||
| Loosened oil filler cap | B | ||
| Dirty air cleaner element | C | ||
| Fuel line | Defective fuel pump and relay | C | |
| Clogged fuel line | C | ||
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | B | ||
| Timing belt | Defective timing | C | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | B | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | B | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | B | ||
| Improper valve sealing | B | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | B | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | B | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | A | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| Lubrication system | Incorrect oil pressure | B | |
| Defective rocker cover gasket | C | ||
| Cooling system | Overheating | C | |
| Others | Evaporative emission control system malfunction | A | |
| Stuck or damaged throttle valve | B | ||
| 3. Low output, hesitation and poor acceleration | Engine control system BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked intake duct | A | |
| Loosened or cracked PCV hose | A | ||
| Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | B | ||
| Defective intake manifold gasket | B | ||
| Defective throttle body gasket | B | ||
| Defective PCV valve | B | ||
| Loosened oil filler cap | B | ||
| Dirty air cleaner element | A | ||
| Fuel line | Defective fuel pump and relay | B | |
| Clogged fuel line | B | ||
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | C | ||
| Timing belt | Defective timing | B | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | B | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | B | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | B | ||
| Improper valve sealing | B | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | B | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | A | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| Lubrication system | Incorrect oil pressure | B | |
| Cooling system | Overheating | C | |
| Over-cooling | C | ||
| Others | Evaporative emission control system malfunction | A | |
| 4. Surging | Engine control system < Ref. to BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked intake duct | A | |
| Loosened or cracked PCV hose | A | ||
| Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | A | ||
| Defective intake manifold gasket | B | ||
| Defective throttle body gasket | B | ||
| Defective PCV valve | B | ||
| Loosened oil filler cap | B | ||
| Dirty air cleaner element | B | ||
| Fuel line | Defective fuel pump and relay | B | |
| Clogged fuel line | B | ||
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | C | ||
| Timing belt | Defective timing | B | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | B | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | C | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | C | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | A | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| Cooling system | Overheating | B | |
| Others | Evaporative emission control system malfunction | C | |
| 5. Engine does not return to idle. | Engine control system BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | A | |
| Others | Stuck or damaged throttle valve | A | |
| 6. Dieseling (Run-on) | Engine control system BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Cooling system | Overheating | B | |
| Others | Evaporative emission control system malfunction | B | |
| 7. After burning in exhaust system | Engine control system BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked intake duct | C | |
| Loosened or cracked PCV hose | C | ||
| Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | B | ||
| Defective PCV valve | B | ||
| Loosened oil filler cap | C | ||
| Timing belt | Defective timing | B | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | B | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | B | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | C | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | A | ||
| Lubrication system | Incorrect oil pressure | C | |
| Cooling system | Over-cooling | C | |
| Others | Evaporative emission control system malfunction | C | |
| 8. Knocking | Engine control system BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened oil filler cap | B | |
| Timing belt | Defective timing | B | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | C | |
| Incorrect valve timing | B | ||
| Cooling system | Overheating | A | |
| 9. Excessive engine oil consumption | Intake system | Loosened or cracked PCV hose | A |
| Defective PCV valve | B | ||
| Loosened oil filler cap | C | ||
| Compression | Defective valve stem | A | |
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | A | ||
| Lubrication system | Loosened oil pump attaching bolts and defective gasket | B | |
| Defective oil filter O-ring | B | ||
| Defective crankshaft oil seal | B | ||
| Defective rocker cover gasket | B | ||
| Loosened oil drain plug or defective gasket | B | ||
| Loosened oil pan fitting bolts or defective oil pan | B | ||
| 10. Excessive fuel consumption | Engine control system BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Dirty air cleaner element | A | |
| Timing belt | Defective timing | B | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | B | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | B | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | C | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | B | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | B | ||
| Lubrication system | Incorrect oil pressure | C | |
| Cooling system | Over-cooling | C | |
| A - Very often B - Sometimes C - Rarely | |||
PROBLEM SYMPTOM CHART
| Type of sound | Condition | Possible cause |
|---|---|---|
| Regular clicking sound | Sound increases as engine speed increases. | Valve mechanism is defective. Incorrect valve clearance Worn camshaft Broken valve spring |
| Heavy and dull clank | Oil pressure is low. | Worn crankshaft main bearing Worn connecting rod bearing (large end) |
| Oil pressure is normal. | Loosened flywheel mounting bolt Damaged engine mounting | |
| High-pitched clank | Sound is noticeable when accelerating with an overload condition. | Ignition timing advanced Accumulation of carbon inside combustion chamber Wrong spark plug Improper gasoline |
| Clank when engine speed is between 1,000 and 2,000 rpm. | Sound is reduced when fuel injector connector of noisy cylinder is disconnected ( (1) ). | Worn crankshaft main bearing Worn connecting rod bearing (large end) |
| Knocking sound when engine is operating under idling speed and engine is warm | Sound is reduced when fuel injector connector of noisy cylinder is disconnected ( (1) ). | Worn cylinder liner and piston ring Broken or stuck piston ring Worn piston pin and hole at piston end of connecting rod |
| Sound is not reduced if each fuel injector connector is disconnected in turn ( (1) ). | Unusually worn valve lifter Worn cam sprocket Worn camshaft journal bore in cylinder head | |
| Squeaky sound | Insufficient generator lubrication | |
| Rubbing sound | Poor contact of generator brush and rotor | |
| Gear scream when starting engine | Defective ignition starter switch Worn gear and starter pinion | |
| Sound like polishing glass with a dry cloth | Loose drive belt Defective water pump shaft | |
| Hissing sound | Insufficient compression Air leakage in air intake system, hose, connection or manifold | |
| Timing belt noise | Loose timing belt Belt contacting with case/adjacent part | |
| Valve noise | Incorrect valve clearance | |
| NOTE: (1) When disconnecting the fuel injector connector, the malfunction indicator light illuminates and DTC is stored in ECM memory. Therefore, perform the Clear Memory Mode OPERATION , Clear Memory Mode .> and Inspection Mode PROCEDURE , Inspection Mode .> after connecting the fuel injector connector. | ||
| NOTE |
|---|
| (1) When disconnecting the fuel injector connector, the malfunction indicator light illuminates and DTC is stored in ECM memory. Therefore, perform the Clear Memory Mode OPERATION , Clear Memory Mode .> and Inspection Mode PROCEDURE , Inspection Mode .> after connecting the fuel injector connector. |
| (1) | When disconnecting the fuel injector connector, the malfunction indicator light illuminates and DTC is stored in ECM memory. Therefore, perform the Clear Memory Mode OPERATION , Clear Memory Mode .> and Inspection Mode PROCEDURE , Inspection Mode .> after connecting the fuel injector connector. |
ENGINE NOISE - SYMPTOM CHART