INSPECTION
| CAUTION | After warming-up, engine becomes very hot. Be careful not to burn yourself during measurement. |
Scheme 495
- After warming-up the engine, turn the ignition switch to OFF.
- Make sure that the battery is fully charged.
- Release the fuel pressure. < Refer to «RELEASING OF FUEL PRESSURE»(ref-306918-S13194033592008122600000) , PROCEDURE, Fuel . >
- Remove all the spark plugs. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306935-S29551468562008122600000) , Spark Plug . >
- Check the starter motor for satisfactory performance and operation.
- Hold the compression gauge tightly against the spark plug hole. NOTE: When using a screw-in type compression gauge, the screw should be less than 18 mm (0.71 in) long.
- Fully open the throttle valve.
- Crank the engine by means of the starter motor, and read the maximum value on the gauge when the pointer is steady.
- Perform at least two measurements per cylinder, and make sure that the values are correct. Compression (350 RPM and fully open throttle): Standard: 1,275 - 1,471 kPa (13.0 - 15.0 kgf/cm 2 , 185 - 213 psi) Service limit: 1,128 kPa (11.5 kgf/cm 2 , 164 psi)
- Before checking the idle speed, check the following item: Check the air cleaner element is free from clogging, ignition timing is correct, spark plugs are in good condition, and hoses are connected properly. Check the malfunction indicator light does not illuminate.
- Warm-up the engine.
- Read the engine idle speed using Subaru Select Monitor. < Refer to «READ CURRENT DATA FOR ENGINE (NORMAL MODE)»(ref-306932-S03496141862008122600000) , OPERATION, Subaru Select Monitor . >
- Check the idle speed when no-loaded. (Headlight, heater fan, rear defroster, radiator fan, A/C and etc. are OFF) Idle speed [No load and gears in P or N range]: 650±50 RPM
- Check the idle speed when loaded. (Turn the A/C switch to "ON" and operate the compressor for at least one minute before measurement.) Idle speed [A/C ON and gears in P or N range]: 770±50 RPM NOTE: Idle speed cannot be adjusted manually, because the idle speed is automatically adjusted. If the prescribed idle speed cannot be maintained, refer to General On-board Diagnosis Table under "Engine Control System". < Refer to «BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE»(ref-306932-S25592065892008122600000) . >
| CAUTION | After warming-up, engine becomes very hot. Be careful not to burn yourself at measurement. |
- Remove the oil pressure switch from the cylinder block. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306936-S41823912312008122600000) , Oil Pressure Switch . >
- Connect the oil pressure gauge hose to the cylinder block.
- Connect the battery ground cable to the battery.
- Start the engine, and measure the oil pressure. OIL PRESSURE (at oil temperature of 80°C (176°F)): Standard: 135 kPa (1.4 kgf/cm 2 , 20 psi) or more (at 600 RPM) 500 kPa (5.1 kgf/cm 2 , 73 psi) or more (at 5,000 RPM) If the oil pressure is out of specification, check oil pump, oil filter and lubrication line. < Refer to «INSPECTION»(ref-306936-S41599269502008122600000) , Engine Lubrication System Trouble in General . > If the oil pressure warning light is ON and oil pressure is within specification, check the oil pressure switch. < Refer to «INSPECTION»(ref-306936-S41599269502008122600000) , Engine Lubrication System Trouble in General . >
- After measuring the oil pressure, install the oil pressure switch. < Refer to «INSTALLATION»(ref-306936-S12228215752008122600000) , Oil Pressure Switch . > Tightening torque: 25 N.m (2.5 kgf-m, 18.4 ft-lb)
| WARNING | Before removing the fuel pressure gauge, release the fuel pressure. |
| CAUTION | Be careful not to spill fuel. Catch the fuel from hoses using a container or cloth. |
Note. Check or replace the fuel pump and fuel delivery line if the fuel pressure is out of the standard value.
Scheme 496
Scheme 497
Scheme 498
- Release the fuel pressure. < Refer to «RELEASING OF FUEL PRESSURE»(ref-306918-S13194033592008122600000) , PROCEDURE, Fuel . >
- Disconnect the fuel delivery hose and connect fuel pressure gauge. Disconnect the fuel delivery hose using the ST1. ST1 42099AE000 CONNECTOR REMOVER Connect the fuel pressure gauge with ST2 and ST3. NOTE: ST2 is the SUBARU genuine part. ST2 42075AG690 FUEL HOSE ST3 18471AA000 FUEL PIPE ADAPTER
- Install the fuse of fuel pump to the main fuse box.
- Start the engine.
- Measure the fuel pressure after warming up the engine. Fuel pressure: Standard: 338 - 348 kPa (3.4 - 3.5 kgf/cm 2 , 49 - 50.5 psi) NOTE: The fuel pressure gauge registers 10 to 20 kPa (0.1 to 0.2 kgf/cm 2 , 1 to 3 psi) higher than standard values during high-altitude operations.
Note. Inspection and adjustment of valve clearance should be performed while engine is cold.
Scheme 499
Scheme 500
Scheme 501
Scheme 502
Scheme 503
Scheme 504
- Set the vehicle on a lift.
- Remove the collector cover.
- Disconnect the ground cable from battery.
- Lift up the vehicle.
- Remove the under cover.
- Lower the vehicle.
- When inspecting RH side cylinders: Remove the air intake duct and air cleaner case. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306919-S32466810272008122600000) , Air Intake Duct . > < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306919-S29381940832008122600000) , Air Cleaner Case . > Remove the fuel pipe protector (RH). Remove the ignition coil. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306935-S17763013132008122600000) , Ignition Coil . > Remove the rocker cover (RH).
- When inspecting LH side cylinders: Disconnect the battery cable, and then remove the battery and battery carrier. Disconnect the PCV hose and blow-by hose from the rocker cover (LH). Remove the fuel pipe protector (LH). Remove the ignition coil. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306935-S17763013132008122600000) , Ignition Coil . > Remove the rocker cover (LH).
- Turn the crankshaft clockwise until the cam is set to position shown in the figure.
- Measure the clearance of intake valve and exhaust valve using thickness gauge (A). NOTE: Measure it within the range of ± 30° from specified position shown in the figure. Measure it in low lift cam for intake side. Insert a thickness gauge in a direction as horizontal as possible with respect to the valve lifter. Valve clearance Intake: 0.20 +0.04 -0.06 mm (0.0079 +00016 -0,0024 in) Exhaust: 0.35±0.05 mm (0.0138+0.0020 in) If the measured value is not within specification, take notes of the value in order to adjust the valve clearance later on.
- If necessary, adjust the valve clearance. < Refer to «ADJUSTMENT»(ref-306934-S32682052542008122600000) , Valve Clearance . >
- Further turn the crank pulley clockwise and then measure the valve clearances again.
- After inspection, install the related parts in the reverse order of removal.
- Check the pipes and hoses are installed firmly.
- Check the engine coolant and ATF are at specified levels.
- Start the engine and check for leaks of fuel, exhaust gas, engine coolant, etc. Also check for noise and vibrations.
Make sure that no crack or other damages do not exist.
Scheme 505
- Remove the engine assembly from the body. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306934-S18862283272008122600000) , Engine Assembly . >
- Set the engine on ST. ST 18232AA000 ENGINE STAND
- Before servicing overhaul, remove the sensor, pipe and hose that installed to engine. Remove the intake manifold. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306918-S25592931492008122600000) , Intake Manifold . > Remove the generator. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-303063-S22465769202008102300000) , Generator. > Remove the A/C compressor. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-303059-S24740895552008102300000) , Compressor . > Disconnect the water pipe and hose. Disconnect the engine harness. Remove the spark plug. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306935-S29551468562008122600000) , Spark Plug . > Remove the camshaft position sensor. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306918-S18908302812008122600000) , Camshaft Position Sensor . > Remove the crankshaft position sensor. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306918-S32219405172008122600000) , Crankshaft Position Sensor . > Remove the knock sensor. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306918-S25893347922008122600000) , Knock Sensor . > Remove the engine coolant temperature sensor. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306918-S01462164252008122600000) , Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor . > Remove the oil pressure switch. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306936-S41823912312008122600000) , Oil Pressure Switch . > Remove the oil filter. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306936-S35076036742008122600000) , Engine Oil Filter . > Remove the oil cooler. < Refer to «REMOVAL»(ref-306936-S14335347672008122600000) , Oil Cooler . >
- Check the crank pulley cover for oil and air leakage.
- Check the crank pulley for looseness.
Check the cover surface for scratch and damage.
Check for oil leakage on cover mating surface and installation part of crank pulley.
- Check the cam sprocket teeth for abnormal wear and scratches.
- Make sure there is no free play between cam sprocket and key.
- Check the crank sprocket teeth for abnormal wear and scratches.
- Make sure there is no free play between crank sprocket and key.
Note. The "RANK" shown in the chart shows the possibilities of the cause of trouble in order from "Most likely" to "Rarely".
| Symptoms | Problem parts etc. | Possible cause | RANK |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Engine does not start. | |||
| 1) Starter does not turn. | Starter | Defective battery-to-starter harness | B |
| Defective starter switch | C | ||
| Defective inhibitor switch or neutral switch | C | ||
| Defective starter | B | ||
| Battery | Improper connection of terminal | A | |
| Run-down battery | A | ||
| Defective charging system | B | ||
| Friction | Seizure of crankshaft and connecting rod bearing | C | |
| Seized camshaft | C | ||
| Seized or stuck piston and cylinder | C | ||
| 2) Initial combustion does not occur. | Starter | Defective starter | C |
| Engine control system < Refer to (H6DO) BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE , Basic Diagnostic Procedure. > | A | ||
| Fuel line | Defective fuel pump and relay | A | |
| Clogged fuel line | C | ||
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | B | ||
| Timing chain | Trouble | B | |
| Defective timing | B | ||
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | C | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | C | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | B | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | B | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter | C | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter. In case noise occurs with valve moving. Or when the harness involved to oil switching solenoid valve, variable valve lift diagnosis oil pressure switch and variable valve lift has trouble in a past. | B | ||
| 3) Initial combustion occurs. | Engine control system < Refer to BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Defective intake manifold gasket | B | |
| Defective throttle body gasket | B | ||
| Fuel line | Defective fuel pump and relay | C | |
| Clogged fuel line | C | ||
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | B | ||
| Timing chain | Trouble | B | |
| Defective timing | B | ||
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | C | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | C | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | B | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | B | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter | C | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter. In case noise occurs with valve moving. Or the harness involved to oil switching solenoid valve, variable valve lift diagnosis oil pressure switch and variable valve lift has trouble in a past. | B | ||
| 4) Engine stalls after initial combustion. | Engine control system < Refer to BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked intake duct | B | |
| Loosened or cracked PCV hose | C | ||
| Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | C | ||
| Defective intake manifold gasket | B | ||
| Defective throttle body gasket | B | ||
| Dirty air cleaner element | C | ||
| Fuel line | Clogged fuel line | C | |
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | B | ||
| Timing chain | Trouble | B | |
| Defective timing | B | ||
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | C | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | C | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | B | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | B | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter | C | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter. In case noise occurs with valve moving. Or the harness involved to oil switching solenoid valve, variable valve lift diagnosis oil pressure switch and variable valve lift has trouble in a past. | B | ||
| 2. Rough idle and engine stall | Engine control system < Refer to BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked intake duct | A | |
| Loosened or cracked PCV hose | A | ||
| Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | A | ||
| Defective intake manifold gasket | B | ||
| Defective throttle body gasket | B | ||
| Defective PCV valve | C | ||
| Loosened oil filler cap | B | ||
| Dirty air cleaner element | C | ||
| Fuel line | Defective fuel pump and relay | C | |
| Clogged fuel line | C | ||
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | B | ||
| Timing chain | Defective timing | C | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | B | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | B | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | B | ||
| Improper valve sealing | B | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | B | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | B | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | A | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter | C | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter. In case noise occurs with valve moving. Or the harness involved to oil switching solenoid valve, variable valve lift diagnosis oil pressure switch and variable valve lift has trouble in a past. | B | ||
| Lubrication system | Incorrect oil pressure | B | |
| Defective rocker cover gasket | C | ||
| Cooling system | Overheat | C | |
| Others | Evaporative emission control system malfunction | A | |
| Stuck or damaged throttle valve | B | ||
| 3. Low output, hesitation and poor acceleration | Engine control system < Refer to BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked intake duct | A | |
| Loosened or cracked PCV hose | A | ||
| Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | B | ||
| Defective intake manifold gasket | B | ||
| Defective throttle body gasket | B | ||
| Defective PCV valve | B | ||
| Loosened oil filler cap | B | ||
| Dirty air cleaner element | A | ||
| Fuel line | Defective fuel pump and relay | B | |
| Clogged fuel line | B | ||
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | C | ||
| Timing chain | Defective timing | B | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | B | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | B | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | B | ||
| Improper valve sealing | B | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | B | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | A | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter | C | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter. In case noise occurs with valve moving. Or the harness involved to oil switching solenoid valve, variable valve lift diagnosis oil pressure switch and variable valve lift has trouble in a past. | B | ||
| Lubrication system | Incorrect oil pressure | B | |
| Cooling system | Overheat | C | |
| Over-cooling | C | ||
| Others | Evaporative emission control system malfunction | A | |
| 4. Surging | Engine control system < Refer to BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked intake duct | A | |
| Loosened or cracked PCV hose | A | ||
| Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | A | ||
| Defective intake manifold gasket | B | ||
| Defective throttle body gasket | B | ||
| Defective PCV valve | B | ||
| Loosened oil filler cap | B | ||
| Dirty air cleaner element | B | ||
| Fuel line | Defective fuel pump and relay | B | |
| Clogged fuel line | B | ||
| Lack of or insufficient fuel | C | ||
| Timing chain | Defective timing | B | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | B | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | C | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | C | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | A | ||
| Improper engine oil (low viscosity) | B | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter | C | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter. In case noise occurs with valve moving. Or the harness involved to oil switching solenoid valve, variable valve lift diagnosis oil pressure switch and variable valve lift has trouble in a past. | B | ||
| Cooling system | Overheat | B | |
| Others | Evaporative emission control system malfunction | C | |
| 5. Engine does not return to idle. | Engine control system < Refer to BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | A | |
| Others | Stuck or damaged throttle valve | A | |
| 6. Dieseling (Run-on) | Engine control system < Refer to BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Cooling system | Overheat | B | |
| Others | Evaporative emission control system malfunction | B | |
| 7. After burning in exhaust system | Engine control system < Refer to BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened or cracked intake duct | C | |
| Loosened or cracked PCV hose | C | ||
| Loosened or cracked vacuum hose | B | ||
| Defective PCV valve | B | ||
| Loosened oil filler cap | C | ||
| Timing chain | Defective timing | B | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | B | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | B | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | C | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | C | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | A | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter | C | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter. In case noise occurs with valve moving. Or the harness involved to oil switching solenoid valve, variable valve lift diagnosis oil pressure switch and variable valve lift has trouble in a past. | B | ||
| Lubrication system | Incorrect oil pressure | C | |
| Cooling system | Over-cooling | C | |
| Others | Evaporative emission control system malfunction | C | |
| 8. Knocking | Engine control system < Refer to BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Loosened oil filler cap | B | |
| Timing chain | Defective timing | B | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | C | |
| Incorrect valve timing | B | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter | C | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter. In case noise occurs with valve moving. Or the harness involved to oil switching solenoid valve, variable valve lift diagnosis oil pressure switch and variable valve lift has trouble in a past. | B | ||
| Cooling system | Overheat | A | |
| 9. Excessive engine oil consumption | Intake system | Loosened or cracked PCV hose | A |
| Defective PCV valve | B | ||
| Loosened oil filler cap | C | ||
| Compression | Defective valve stem | A | |
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | A | ||
| Lubrication system | Loosened oil pump attaching bolts and defective gasket | B | |
| Defective oil filter O-ring | B | ||
| Defective crankshaft oil seal | B | ||
| Defective rocker cover gasket | B | ||
| Loosened oil drain plug or defective gasket | B | ||
| Loosened oil pan fitting bolts or defective oil pan | B | ||
| 10. Excessive fuel consumption | Engine control system < Refer to BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE . > | A | |
| Intake system | Dirty air cleaner element | A | |
| Timing chain | Defective timing | B | |
| Compression | Incorrect valve clearance | B | |
| Loosened spark plug or defective gasket | C | ||
| Loosened cylinder head bolt or defective gasket | C | ||
| Improper valve sealing | B | ||
| Defective valve stem | C | ||
| Worn or broken valve spring | C | ||
| Worn or stuck piston rings, cylinder and piston | B | ||
| Incorrect valve timing | B | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter | C | ||
| Trouble of valve lifter. In case noise occurs with valve moving. Or the harness involved to oil switching solenoid valve, variable valve lift diagnosis oil pressure switch and variable valve lift has trouble in a past. | B | ||
| Lubrication system | Incorrect oil pressure | C | |
| Cooling system | Over-cooling | C | |
| A - Very often B - Sometimes C - Rarely | |||
SYMPTOMS CHART
| Type of sound | Condition | Possible cause |
|---|---|---|
| Regular clicking sound | Sound increases as engine speed increases. | Valve mechanism is defective. Incorrect valve clearance Worn camshaft Broken valve spring Trouble of valve lifter |
| Heavy and dull clank | Oil pressure is low. | Worn crankshaft main bearing Worn connecting rod bearing (large end) |
| Oil pressure is normal. | Damaged engine mounting | |
| High-pitched clank | Sound is noticeable when accelerating with an overload condition. | Ignition timing advanced Accumulation of carbon inside combustion chamber Wrong spark plug Improper gasoline |
| Clank when engine speed is between 1,000 and 2,000 RPM. | Sound is reduced when fuel injector connector of noisy cylinder is disconnected. ( (1) ) | Worn crankshaft main bearing Worn connecting rod bearing (large end) |
| Knocking sound when engine is operating under idling speed and engine is warm | Sound is reduced when fuel injector connector of noisy cylinder is disconnected. ( (1) ) | Worn cylinder liner and piston ring Broken or stuck piston ring Worn piston pin and hole at piston end of connecting rod |
| Sound is not reduced if each fuel injector connector is disconnected in turn. ( (1) ) | Unusually worn valve lifter Worn cam gear Worn camshaft journal bore in cylinder head | |
| Squeaky sound | Insufficient generator lubrication | |
| Rubbing sound | Poor contact of generator brush and rotor | |
| Gear scream when starting engine | Defective ignition starter switch Worn gear and starter pinion | |
| Sound like polishing glass with a dry cloth | Loose drive belt Defective water pump shaft | |
| Hissing sound | Insufficient compression Air leakage in air intake system, hose, connection or manifold | |
| Timing chain noise | Loose timing chain Chain contacting with case/adjacent part | |
| Valve noise | Incorrect valve clearance Trouble of valve lifter | |
| (1) When disconnecting the fuel injector connector, the malfunction indicator light illuminates and DTC is stored in ECM memory. Therefore, perform the Clear Memory Mode < Refer to OPERATION , Clear Memory Mode . > and Inspection Mode < Refer to PROCEDURE , Inspection Mode . > after connecting the fuel injector connector. | ||
| (1) | When disconnecting the fuel injector connector, the malfunction indicator light illuminates and DTC is stored in ECM memory. Therefore, perform the Clear Memory Mode < Refer to OPERATION , Clear Memory Mode . > and Inspection Mode < Refer to PROCEDURE , Inspection Mode . > after connecting the fuel injector connector. |
INSPECTION CHART