Vacuum supply
All models
Scheme 1022
System functions
The system functions of the vacuum system are described using the following examples
- Power assist for brakes
- Actuation of exhaust flaps
- Adjustment of variable turbine geometry
- Actuation of controlled damping mounts
- Exhaust gas recirculation
- Drawing off of blow-by gases from crankcase
- Blowing out activated charcoal filter
Power assist for brakes
The brake booster amplifies the force excerpted at the brake pedal. To do this, the brake booster stores part of the vacuum generated by the engine. The vacuum then amplifies the force generated by pressure on the brake pedal.
Actuation of exhaust flap
A controlled electropneumatic exhaust flap is fitted in the exhaust system. The exhaust flap enhances active sound-damping. The exhaust flap is closed by vacuum.
Actuation of controlled damping mounts
In the basic setting, there is no vacuum at the control component of the mount. The bypass in the mount is closed. Hydraulic fluid flows back and forth through a ring channel between the upper and lower chambers in the mount. The mount acts like a conventional hydraulic bearing. The mount has hard damping.
If a vacuum is applied to the mount's control component, the bypass will open. The hydraulic fluid then flows back and forth between the chambers through a larger cross-sectional area. The mount has softer damping.
Exhaust gas recirculation
With exhaust gas recirculation, part of the exhaust gas is take from behind the exhaust manifold. This is then fed back into the engine through the intake air duct. The exhaust gas recirculation pipe is located at the inlet to the intake manifold.
If a vacuum is applied to the exhaust gas recirculation valve, the exhaust gas recirculation pipe will open. The level of vacuum is determined by the opening in the exhaust gas recirculation valve. Exhaust gases flow through a connecting pipe to the exhaust manifold and into the intake manifold.
Drawing off of blow-by gases from crankcase
The crankcase ventilation system uses vacuum to bleed the blow-by gases out of the engine block. Blow-by gases are the small portion of the cylinder fill that passes by the piston rings and into the crankcase during compression. If the blow-by gases are not bled from the engine block through the crankcase ventilation system, they will accumulate in the crankcase. The blow-by gases would then apply pressure on the pistons from below. This would have a negative effect on the downward movement of the pistons in the intake stroke and operating stroke.
Blowing out activated charcoal filter
The fuel tank vent hose is connected to an activated charcoal filter. Vapors from the fuel tank are collected in the activated charcoal filter. The activated charcoal filter is connected to the intake manifold by a pipe. A fuel evaporation control valve is fitted in this pipe. When the fuel evaporation control valve is opened, the vacuum in the manifold draws in fresh air. At the same time, the fresh air blows out the fuel vapors collected in the activated charcoal filter.