Diagnostic Strategy
Troubleshooting an electronically controlled automatic transaxle is simplified by using the proven method of diagnosis. One of the most important things to remember is that there is a definite procedure to follow.
Note. Do not take short cuts or assume that critical checks or adjustments have already been made.
Follow the procedures as written to avoid missing critical components or steps.
To correctly diagnose a concern, have the following publications available
- «Introduction - Gasoline Engines»(ref-291242) article
- TSBs
- Wiring Diagrams article
These publications provide the information required when diagnosing transaxle concerns.
Use the Diagnostic Flow Chart as a guide and follow the steps as indicated.
Preliminary Inspection
- Know and understand the customer's concern.
- Verify the concern by operating the vehicle.
- Check the fluid levels and condition.
- Check for non-factory-installed items and verify correct installation
- Check selector lever linkages for correct adjustment.
- Check TSBs regarding the concern.
- Carry out Self Tests, both Key ON Engine OFF (KOEO) and Key ON Engine Running (KOER).
- Record all codes.
Diagnostics
- Carry out on-board diagnostic procedures KOEO and KOER.
- Record all DTCs.
- Repair all non-transaxle codes first.
- Repair all transaxle codes second.
- Erase all continuous codes and attempt to repeat them.
- Repair all continuous codes.
- If only pass codes are obtained, proceed to the «Diagnosis By Symptom»(ref-291884-S32448146262008073000000) for further information and diagnosis.
Follow the diagnostic sequence to diagnose and repair the concern the first time.
Diagnostic Flow Chart
Special Tools Illustration Tool Name Tool Number Vehicle Communication Module (VCM) and Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS) software with appropriate hardware, or equivalent scan tool
Scheme 343
Prior to carrying out the flow test, the following items should be checked
- Know and understand the customer concerns
- Check the transmission fluid level and condition
- Verify the concern by operating the vehicle
- Check for non-factory-installed items and verify correct installation
- Check the selector lever linkage adjustments
- Check technical service bulletins (TSBs) for vehicle concerns
- Carry out Self Tests, both Key ON Engine OFF (KOEO) and Key ON Engine Running (KOER)
- Record all codes
- Verify that the vehicle Transmission Control Module (TCM) is at the latest calibration release level
| Test | Result | Action |
|---|---|---|
| 1) DTCs recorded? | Yes | REPAIR all hard DTCs. FOLLOW the pinpoint tests. REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article first, then this workshop article, then Go to Step 2. |
| No | REFER to Diagnosis By Symptom , then Go to Step 5. | |
| 2) Are any continuous test memory codes present? | Yes | CLEAR codes and CARRY OUT the drive cycle test. |
| No | Go to Step 4. | |
| 3) Did the continuous test memory codes reappear? | Yes | REPAIR all continuous test memory codes. FOLLOW the pinpoint tests. REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article, then the transmission reference article, then this workshop article, then Go to Step 4. |
| No | Go to Step 4. | |
| 4) Is the concern repaired? | Yes | CARRY OUT the final quick test to verify that no DTCs are present. CLEAR memory codes. |
| No | REFER to Diagnosis By Symptom . | |
| 5) Was the transmission concern corrected when the scan tool was installed? | Yes | REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article, intermittent fault diagnosis part and use the scan tool to diagnose cause of concern in the processor, vehicle harness or external inputs (sensors or switches). |
| No | REFER to the hydraulic and mechanical routine to diagnose the concern, then Go to Step 6. | |
| 6) Is the concern repaired? | Yes | CARRY OUT the final Self Test to verify that no DTCs are present. CLEAR memory codes. |
| No | Concern should have been repaired. GO back through the diagnostic flow chart and REVIEW other components that may have contributed to the concern. CHECK and DIAGNOSE those components. GET assistance from other sources. |
DIAGNOSTIC FLOW CHART
Special Tools Illustration Tool Name Tool Number Vehicle Communication Module (VCM) and Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS) software with appropriate hardware, or equivalent scan tool
| Item | Specification |
|---|---|
| Motorcraft Premium Automatic Transmission Fluid XT-8-QAW (US); CXT-8-LAW12 (Canada) | WSS-M2C924-A |
Material
The following items must be checked prior to beginning the diagnostic procedures.
Road Testing Vehicle
Note. Always drive the vehicle in a safe manner according to driving conditions and obey all traffic laws.
The Shift Point Road Test and Torque Converter Operation Tests provide diagnostic information on shift controls and torque converter operation.
Shift Point Road Test
Special Tools Illustration Tool Name Tool Number Vehicle Communication Module (VCM) and Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS) software with appropriate hardware, or equivalent scan tool
Note. Shift speed ranges are approximate for all applications.
This test verifies that the shift control system is operating correctly.
- Bring engine and transaxle up to normal operating temperature.
- Operate vehicle with selector lever in D range.
- Using the shift speed charts, apply minimum throttle and observe the speeds at which the transaxle upshifts. The transaxle will upshift 1st through 6th gears.
- Press the accelerator pedal to the floor, Wide Open Throttle (WOT). The transaxle should downshift to the next lower gear depending on the vehicle speed. The Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) should release. SHIFT SPEED MANUAL D POSITION 3.0L ENGINE (MINIMUM THROTTLE) Manual D km/h mph 1-2 upshift 11-16 7-10 2-3 upshift 18-24 11-15 3-4 upshift 26-34 16-21 4-5 upshift 35-43 22-27 5-6 upshift 48-61 30-38 2-1 downshift 14-22 9-14 3-2 downshift 24-37 15-23 4-3 downshift 39-48 24-30 5-4 downshift 50-56 31-35 6-5 downshift 58-80 36-50 SHIFT SPEED MANUAL L POSITION 3.0L ENGINE (MINIMUM THROTTLE) Manual L km/h mph 1-2 upshift 29-39 18-24 2-3 upshift 74-89 46-55 3-4 upshift 113-130 70-81 4-5 upshift N/A N/A 5-6 upshift N/A N/A 2-1 downshift 21-27 13-17 3-2 downshift 61-69 38-43 4-3 downshift 100-114 62-71 5-4 downshift N/A N/A 6-5 downshift N/A N/A SHIFT SPEED MANUAL D POSITION 3.5L ENGINE (MINIMUM THROTTLE) Manual D km/h mph 1-2 upshift 14-21 9-13 2-3 upshift 21-29 13-18 3-4 upshift 33-40 20-25 4-5 upshift 49-55 30-35 5-6 upshift 65-70 40-44 3-1 downshift 7-17 4-11 4-3 downshift 26-36 16-24 5-4 downshift 38-46 24-29 6-5 downshift 56-63 35-39 SHIFT SPEED MANUAL L POSITION 3.5L ENGINE (MINIMUM THROTTLE) Manual L km/h mph 1-2 upshift 45-55 28-34 2-3 upshift 90-100 55-62 3-4 upshift 130-138 81-86 4-5 upshift 190-198 118-123 2-1 downshift 15-23 9-14 3-2 downshift 66-75 41-47 4-3 downshift 98-110 61-68 5-4 downshift 163-175 101-109
- If the transaxle fails to upshift/downshift or the Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) does not apply and release, refer to «Diagnosis By Symptom»(ref-291884-S32448146262008073000000) for possible causes.
Visual Inspection
This inspection will identify modifications or additions to the vehicle operating system that may affect diagnosis. Inspect the vehicle for non-Ford factory add-on devices such as
- Electronic add-on items: A/C Generator (alternator) Engine turbo Cellular telephone Cruise control CB radio Linear amplifiers Backup alarm signal Computer
- Vehicle modification: These items, if not installed correctly, will affect the PCM or transmission function. Pay particular attention to add-on wiring splices in the PCM harness or transmission wiring harness, abnormal tire size or axle ratio changes. Leaks. Refer to «Leakage Inspection»(ref-291884-S20334627182008073000000) . Correct selector lever linkage adjustments. Refer to «AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE/TRANSMISSION EXTERNAL CONTROLS»(ref-291891) article.
Carry Out On-Board Diagnostics Key ON Engine OFF (KOEO), Key ON Engine Running (KOER)
After a road test, with the vehicle warm and before disconnecting any connectors, carry out the Self Test using the scan tool. Refer to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article for diagnosis and testing of the powertrain control system.
Special Tools Illustration Tool Name Tool Number 73 III Automotive Meter 105-R0057 or equivalent Vehicle Communication Module and Integrated Diagnostic System software with appropriate hardware, or equivalent scan tool
Self Diagnosis Function
The Transmission Control Module (TCM) monitors the communication status of each sensor, electronic component and the PCM. If any malfunction should occur, the TCM function warns the driver and stores the malfunction as a diagnosis code.
Fail-Safe
With the fail-safe function, if any malfunction should occur in the transaxle system, the TCM will output a control signal, and control will be carried out to make traveling a minimum distance possible. If all shift solenoids malfunction, the TCM will cancel the output of control signals to the solenoids. If this happens, the automatic transmission gear shifting will be controlled by transmission fluid pressure circuits only and the gears will shift as shown in the following table.
| Selector Lever Position | Gear Position |
|---|---|
| R | Reverse |
| D | 3rd or 5th gear |
On-Board Diagnostic With Scan Tool
Note. For detailed instruction and other diagnostic methods using the scan tool or equivalent, refer to the scan tool tester article and the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article.
These Self Tests should be used to diagnose the PCM and should be carried out in order.
- Self Test - Key ON Engine OFF (KOEO)
- Self Test - Continuous Memory Codes
- Self Test - Key ON Engine Running (KOER)
- Special Test Modes Wiggle Test Mode Output Test Mode
- PCM Reset Mode
- Clearing DTCs P1000
- On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) II Drive Cycle
- Other scan tool features
Transaxle Drive Cycle Test
Note. Prior to carrying out the Transaxle Drive Cycle Test, make sure that the transaxle is full of transmission fluid or damage to the transaxle may occur.
Note. Always drive the vehicle in a safe manner according to driving conditions and obey all traffic laws.
After carrying out the Self Test, use the following Transaxle Drive Cycle Test for checking continuous codes
Note. The Transaxle Drive Cycle Test must be followed exactly. Malfunctions must occur multiple times consecutively for shift error or Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) code to set.
Note. When carrying out the Transaxle Drive Cycle Test, see the solenoid operation chart for correct solenoid operation. Refer to Pinpoint Tests - Non OSC Equipped Vehicle .
- Record and then erase Self Test codes.
- Warm engine to normal operating temperature.
- Make sure transmission fluid level is correct.
- With the selector lever in DRIVE, moderately accelerate from stop to 80 km/h (50 mph). This allows the transaxle to shift into 6th gear. Hold speed and throttle steady for minimum of 15 seconds. Brake to a stop and remain stopped for minimum of 20 seconds.
- Repeat Step 4 at least 5 times.
- Carry out Self Test and record continuous codes. If DTCs are present, refer to «Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Charts»(ref-291884-S11039911832008073000000) . Service all non-transaxle DTCs first as they can directly affect the operation of the transaxle. Repeat the Self Test and Road Test to verify the correction. Erase DTCs, carry out the Transaxle Drive Cycle Test, and repeat the Self Test after completing service on the DTCs. If the continuous test passes (system pass) and a concern is still present, refer to «Diagnosis By Symptom»(ref-291884-S32448146262008073000000) and check TSBs for diagnostic concern.
After On-Board Diagnostics
Note. The vehicle wiring harness, PCM and non-transaxle sensors may affect transaxle operations. Service these concerns first.
After the On-Board Diagnostic procedures are completed, service all DTCs.
Begin with non-transaxle related DTCs, then service any transaxle related DTCs. Refer to the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Charts for information on Condition and Symptoms. This chart will be helpful in referring to the correct article(s) and to aid in diagnosing internal transaxle concerns and external non-transaxle inputs. The pinpoint tests are used in diagnosing electrical concerns of the transaxle. Make sure that the vehicle wiring harness and the PCM are diagnosed as well. Refer to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article for diagnosing non-transaxle electronic components. The diagnostic routine hydraulic/mechanical charts will help in diagnosing internal transaxle concerns and external non-transaxle inputs.
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Charts
| Five Digit DTC | Component | Description | Condition | Symptom | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P0562 | Battery | System voltage low. | PCM detected a voltage level below 9 volts. | No engagements, no adaptive or self-learning strategy. | CHECK charging system, REFER to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES article. |
| P0563 | Battery | System voltage high. | PCM detected a voltage level above 18 volts. | No adaptive or self-learning strategy. | CHECK charging system, REFER to BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES article. |
| P0601 | Transmission Control Module (TCM) | TCM Read-Only Memory (ROM) error. | TCM detected an internal software concern with ROM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self-learning strategy. | INSTALL a new TCM. |
| P0603 | TCM | TCM Keep Alive Memory (KAM) error. | TCM detected an internal software concern with KAM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self-learning strategy. | INSTALL a new TCM. |
| P0604 | TCM | TCM Random Access Memory (RAM) error. | TCM detected an internal software concern with RAM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self-learning strategy. | INSTALL a new TCM. |
| P0706 | Transmission Range (TR) | TR sensor range or performance error. | TR sensor signal is out of normal range. | TR sensor indicates a stuck position (D-3rd gear), no adaptive or self learning strategy. | INSTALL a new TCM. |
| P0707 | TR Sensor | TR sensor circuit low input. | TR sensor signal is below threshold of 0.127 volt, sensor/circuit electrical malfunction. | TR sensor indicates a stuck position (D-3rd gear), no adaptive or self learning strategy. | INSTALL a new TCM. |
| P0708 | TR Sensor | TR sensor circuit high input. | TR sensor signal is above threshold of 4.87 volts, sensor/circuit electrical malfunction. | TR sensor indicates a stuck position (D-3rd gear), no adaptive or self learning strategy. | INSTALL a new TCM. |
| P0711 | Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor | No change in TFT during operation. | PCM has detected no TFT change during operation. TFT value stuck at some normal reading. | TFT indicates 80°C (176°F) at all times, no self learning strategy, no Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) engagement. | Go to Pinpoint Test B . |
| P0712 | TFT Sensor | 200°C (329°F) indicated, TFT sensor circuit grounded. | Voltage drop across TFT sensor exceeds scale set for temperature -43°C (-45°F). | TFT indicates 80°C (176°F) at all times, no self learning strategy, no TCC engagement. | Go to Pinpoint Test B . |
| P0713 | TFT Sensor | 43°C (-45°F) indicated, TFT sensor circuit grounded. | Voltage drop across TFT sensor exceeds scale set for temperature -43°C (-45°F). | TFT indicates 80°C (176°F) at all times, no self learning strategy, no TCC engagement. | Go to Pinpoint Test B . |
| P0716 | Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor | TSS range out of performance, insufficient input from TSS. | PCM has detected a loss or noisy TSS signal during operation. | No TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test D . |
| P0717 | TSS Sensor | No TSS signal. | PCM has not detected a TSS signal. No TSS signal when Output Shaft Speed (OSS) signal present. | No TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test D . |
| P0721 | OSS Sensor | OSS range out of performance, insufficient input from OSS. | PCM has detected a loss or noisy OSS signal during operation. | No adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test C . |
| P0722 | OSS Sensor | No OSS signal. | PCM has detected no OSS signal. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test C . |
| P0729 | Transaxle | 6th gear ratio. | No 6th gear ratio detected by TCM. | No 6th gear, no TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0730 | Clutch Control Solenoids or Internal Parts | Gear ratio error. | PCM has detected a gear ratio error. | No self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0731 | Solenoid or Internal Parts | 1st gear ratio. | No 1st gear ratio detected by TCM. | No 1st gear, no TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0732 | Solenoid or Internal Parts | 2nd gear ratio. | No 2nd gear ratio detected by TCM. | No 2nd gear, no TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0733 | Solenoid or Internal Parts | 3rd gear ratio. | No 3rd gear ratio detected by TCM. | No 3rd gear, no TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0734 | Solenoid or Internal Parts | 4th gear ratio. | No 4th gear ratio detected by TCM. | No 4th gear, no TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0735 | Solenoid or Internal Parts | 5th gear ratio. | No 5th gear ratio detected by TCM. | No 5th gear, no TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0736 | Transaxle | Reverse gear ratio. | No reverse gear ratio detected by TCM. | No reverse gear, no self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0780 | Solenoid or Valve Internal to Transaxle | Universal shifting (stuck valve). | Valve stuck. | Increase rpm during shifts. Slipping or erratic shifting. | Go to Main Control Valve Body . |
| P0817 | TCM/PCM Starter Circuit | Starter disable circuit open or shorted to power/ground. | TCM detected a failure in the starter lock circuit, failed ON or OFF Ignition switch is ON, TCM and PCM communication is normal. No voltage is detected on the start lock circuit for more than 0.1 second or a continuous 12-volt output is detected for more than 0.1 second. Conditions present 2 times to set DTC. | DTC is set. Warning lamp is illuminated. | Go to Pinpoint Test E . |
| P0961 | Pressure Control Solenoid A (PCA) | PCA circuit or solenoid failure. | PCA circuit or solenoid (SLT) failed during operation. Incorrect commanded current detected by TCM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0962 | PCA | PCA solenoid signal or grounded circuits either short or open, solenoid circuit failure. | Voltage through PCA (SLT) is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0963 | PCA | PCA solenoid short to power circuit failure. | Voltage through PCA (SLT) is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0973 | Shift Solenoid A (SSA) | SSA solenoid or circuit shorted to ground. | Voltage through SSA (S1) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to ground failure detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0974 | SSA | SSA or circuit shorted to power or open. | Voltage through SSA (S1) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to power failure or open circuit detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0976 | Shift Solenoid B (SSB) | SSB solenoid or circuit shorted to ground. | Voltage through SSB (S2) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to ground failure detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0977 | SSB | SSB solenoid or circuit shorted to power or open. | Voltage through SSB solenoid (S2) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to power failure or open circuit detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0978 | Shift Solenoid C (SSC) | SSC circuit or solenoid failure. | SSC circuit or solenoid (SLC1) failed during operation. Incorrect commanded current detected by TCM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0979 | SSC | SSC solenoid signal or grounded circuits either shorted or open, solenoid circuit failure. | Voltage through SSC (SLC1) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to power failure or open circuit detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0980 | SSC | SSC solenoid or circuit shorted to power. | Voltage through SSC (SLC1) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to power failure or open circuit detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0981 | Shift Solenoid D (SSD) | SSD circuit or solenoid failure. | SSD circuit or solenoid (SLC2) failed during operation. Incorrect commanded current detected by TCM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0982 | SSD | SSD signal or grounded circuits either shorted or open, solenoid circuit failure. | Voltage through SSD (SLC2) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to power failure or open circuit detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0983 | SSD | SSD or circuit shorted to power. | Voltage through SSD (SLC2) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to power failure or open circuit detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0984 | Shift Solenoid E (SSE) | SSE circuit or solenoid failure. | SSE circuit or solenoid (SLC3) failed during operation. Incorrect commanded current detected by TCM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0985 | SSE | SSE signal or grounded circuits either shorted or open, solenoid circuit failure. | Voltage through SSE (SLC3) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to power failure or open circuit detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0986 | SSE | SSE or circuit shorted to power. | Voltage through SSE (SLC3) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to power failure or open circuit detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0997 | Shift Solenoid F (SSF) | SSF circuit or solenoid failure. | SSF circuit or solenoid (SLB1) failed during operation. Incorrect commanded current detected by TCM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0998 | SSF | SSF signal or grounded circuits either shorted or open, solenoid circuit failure. | Voltage through SSF (SLB1) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to power failure or open circuit detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P0999 | SSF | SSF or circuit shorted to power. | Voltage through SSF (SLB1) circuit is checked. An error will be noted if tolerance is exceeded. Short to power failure or open circuit detected. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P1573 | Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor | APP sensor input error. | PCM has detected an input error from the APP sensor. | No adaptive or self learning strategy. | NOTE: If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article. |
| P1657 | TCM | TCM communication link error. | Controller Area Network (CAN) link error detected by PCM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. Limited fuel and spark. | INSTALL a new TCM. |
| P1700 | Transaxle | Drive engagement error. | TCM detected neutral in the DRIVE position. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | REFER to Diagnosis By Symptom . |
| P1701 | Transaxle | Reverse engagement error. | TCM detected neutral in the REVERSE position. | No self learning strategy. | REFER to Diagnosis By Symptom . |
| P1719 | PCM | Engine torque signal. | Torque engine accuracy from PCM inaccurate. | Firm shifts and no adaptive learning. | PERFORM self-test of PCM. REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article to diagnose any DTCs present. If no DTCs, IDENTIFY the driveability symptom present and REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article for further diagnosis. |
| P1919 | Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) | Sensor signal error. | PCM/TCM have detected an error in the CAN ECT information. | No TCC engagements, ECT set to 80°C (176°F). | NOTE: If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not, the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article. |
| P1920 | Engine rpm | Engine rpm sensor signal error. | PCM/TCM have detected an error in the engine rpm information. | No adaptive or self learning strategy. Limited fuel and spark. | NOTE: If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article. |
| P2544 | PCM | Torque management request input signal A. | Data received from the PCM or engine components are not correct for the vehicle operating conditions. Incorrect engine torque calculation may result. | Transmission may enable limp-home strategies or increase pressures. Engine components and PCM may or may not set additional DTCs. P2544, fuel monitor error, ECT sensor failure and Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor failures may be present. Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) may illuminate. | NOTE: If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article. |
| P2757 | TCC Solenoid | TCC solenoid circuit failure, stuck OFF. | TCC solenoid circuit fails to provide voltage drop across solenoid. Circuit open, shorted or PCM driver failure during on-board diagnostic. | No TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P2758 | TCC Solenoid | TCC solenoid circuit failure, stuck ON. | TCC solenoid circuit fails to provide voltage drop across solenoid. Circuit open, shorted or PCM driver failure during on-board diagnostics. | No TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P2762 | TCC Solenoid | TCC circuit or solenoid failure. | TCC circuit or solenoid failed during operation. Incorrect commanded current detected by TCM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P2763 | TCC Solenoid | TCC circuit shorted to power. | TCC solenoid circuit fails to provide voltage drop across solenoid. Circuit shorted to power. | No TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| P2764 | TCC Solenoid | TCC solenoid signal or grounded circuits either short or open solenoid circuit failure. | TCC solenoid circuit fails to provide voltage drop across solenoid. | No TCC engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | Go to Pinpoint Test A . |
| U0073 | TCM CAN | TCM communication link error. | CAN link error detected by PCM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | REFER to MODULE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK article. |
| U0100 | TCM CAN | TCM communication link error. | CAN link error detected by PCM. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | NOTE: If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. A module cannot communicate with other modules on the communication network while being reprogrammed. CLEAR any network communication DTCs which may have been set in other modules during reprogramming. CHECK CAN harness between TCM and other modules. For diagnostic information, REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article and REFER to MODULE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK article. |
| U0101 | TCM/PCM | TCM Communication error. | PCM lost communication with the TCM. | Engine driveability concerns. Will turn on MIL and driver warning lamp. | NOTE: A module cannot communicate with other modules on the communication network while being reprogrammed. CLEAR any network communication DTCs which may have been set in other modules during reprogramming. CHECK CAN harness between TCM and other modules. For diagnostic information, REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article and REFER to MODULE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK article. |
| U0121 | ABS | TCM communication link error. | PCM/TCM have detected an error in the CAN wheel rpm information from the ABS system. | No engagements, no adaptive or self learning strategy. | NOTE: If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. REFER to MODULE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK article. |
| U0401 | PCM/TCM | Invalid data received from the PCM or engine components. | Data received from the PCM or engine components is not correct for the vehicle operating conditions. | Transmission may enable limp-home strategies or increase pressures. Engine components and PCM may or may not set additional DTCs. P2544, fuel monitor error, ETC sensor failure and MAF sensor failures may be present. MIL may illuminate. | NOTE: If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article. |
| U0415 | Wheel Speed Sensor | TCM communication link error. | PCM/TCM have detected an error in the CAN wheel rpm information from the ABS system. | No adaptive or self learning strategy. | NOTE: If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. REFER to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article. |
| NOTE |
|---|
| If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. |
| NOTE |
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| If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not, the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. |
| NOTE |
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| If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. |
| NOTE |
|---|
| If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. |
| NOTE |
|---|
| If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. A module cannot communicate with other modules on the communication network while being reprogrammed. CLEAR any network communication DTCs which may have been set in other modules during reprogramming. |
| NOTE |
|---|
| A module cannot communicate with other modules on the communication network while being reprogrammed. CLEAR any network communication DTCs which may have been set in other modules during reprogramming. |
| NOTE |
|---|
| If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. |
| NOTE |
|---|
| If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. |
| NOTE |
|---|
| If this DTC is displayed, a malfunction occurred in the vehicle not the TCM. Do not install a new TCM. |
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) CHART
Scheme 344
| Pin Number | Circuit | Circuit Function |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pressure Control Solenoid A (PCA) ground | |
| 2 | Shift Solenoid B (SSB) | |
| 3 | PCA signal | |
| 4 | Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) ground | |
| 5 | Shift Solenoid A (SSA) | |
| 6 | NOT USED | |
| 7 | Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) ground | |
| 8 | TFT | |
| 9 | TCC signal | |
| 10 | Shift Solenoid C (SSC) ground | |
| 11 | SSC signal | |
| 12 | Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) sensor signal | |
| 13 | TSS sensor signal ground | |
| 14 | Shift Solenoid E (SSE) signal | |
| 15 | NOT USED | |
| 16 | Shift Solenoid F (SSF) ground | |
| 17 | Shift Solenoid D (SSD) signal | |
| 18 | SSD ground | |
| 19 | Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor signal | |
| 20 | OSS sensor signal ground | |
| 21 | SSF signal | |
| 22 | SSE ground |
Scheme 345
| Pin Number | Circuit | Circuit Function |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Battery feed | |
| 2 | NOT USED | |
| 3 | NOT USED | |
| 4 | NOT USED | |
| 5 | Start lock signal out | |
| 6 | Controller Area Network (CAN) | |
| 7 | NOT USED | |
| 8 | NOT USED | |
| 9 | Transmission Control Module (TCM) ground | |
| 10 | NOT USED | |
| 11 | Ignition switch signal input | |
| 12 | NOT USED | |
| 13 | NOT USED | |
| 14 | CAN + | |
| 15 | NOT USED | |
| 16 | NOT USED |
Scheme 346
Note. For testing, place the positive lead on the terminal with the + sign and place the negative lead on the terminal with the - sign.
| Pin Number | Pin Acronym | Descrip- tion | Input / Output to Trans- mission Control Module (TCM) | Measure pins | Condition For Testing | Reference Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | B+ | Battery voltage | +A1 to ground | Hot at all times | 10-14 volts | |
| A5 | STLK | Start lock signal output | Output | +A5 to -A9 | Ignition ON in PARK Ignition ON in other than PARK | 0-0.8 volt 9-14 volts |
| A6 | CAN L | Controller Area Network (CAN) communi- cation low | Input/output | +A6 to -A9 | Engine idling | |
| A7 | LIN | LIN line communi- cation signal | Input | +A7 to -A9 | ||
| A8 | CAN H | Controller Area Network (CAN) communication high | Input/output | +A8 to -A9 | Engine idling | |
| A9 | GRND | Transmission Control Module (TCM) ground | +ground to chassis ground | |||
| A11 | IG | Ignition switch signal input | Input | +A11 to -A9 | Ignition ON | 10-14 volts |
| A14 | K | Diagnostic signal | Input/output | +A14 to -A9 | ||
| B1 | PCA ground | Pressure Control Solenoid A (PCA) ground (SLTG) | ||||
| B2 | SSB | Shift Solenoid B (SSB) (S2) | Output | +B2 to ground | Vehicle in PARK, engine idling | 0-1.5 volts |
| B3 | PCA | PCA | Output | +B3 to -B1 | Vehicle in PARK, engine idling | |
| B4 | TCC solenoid ground | Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) solenoid ground (SLUG) | ||||
| B5 | SSA | Shift Solenoid A (SSA) (S1) | Output | +B5 to ground | Vehicle in PARK, engine idling | 0-1.5 volts |
| B7 | TFT ground | Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) sensor ground (OTG) | ||||
| B8 | TFT | TFT sensor (OT) | Input | +B8 to -B7 | TFT at 10°C to 110°C (50°F to 230°F) | 4.0 to 0.0 volts |
| B9 | TCC | TCC solenoid (SLU) | Output | +B9 to -B4 | Vehicle in PARK, engine idling | |
| B10 | SSC ground | Shift Solenoid C (SSC) ground (SLC1G) | ||||
| B11 | SSC | SSC (SLC1) | Output | +B11 to -B10 | Vehicle in PARK, engine idling | |
| B12 | ISS | Input shaft speed sensor signal (NIN) | Input | +B12 to -B13 | Vehicle in PARK, engine idling | |
| B13 | ISS ground | Input shaft speed sensor signal (NIN) | ||||
| B14 | SSE | Shift Solenoid E (SSE) | Output | +B14 to -B22 | Vehicle in PARK, engine idling | |
| B16 | SSF ground | Shift Solenoid F (SSF) ground (SLB1G) | ||||
| B17 | SSD | Shift Solenoid D (SSD) (SLC2) | Output | +B17 to -B18 | Vehicle in PARK, engine idling | |
| B18 | SSD ground | SSD ground (SLC2G) | ||||
| B19 | OSS | Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor signal (SP+) | Input | +B19 to -B20 | Vehicle speed approximately 20 km/h (12 mph) | |
| B20 | OSS ground | OSS sensor ground (SP-) | ||||
| B21 | SSF | SSF (SLB1G) | Output | +B21 to -B16 | Vehicle in PARK, engine idling | |
| B22 | SSE ground | SSE ground (SLC3G) |
PINPOINT TEST A: SHIFT SOLENOIDS
Note. Refer to the Transaxle Vehicle Harness Connector illustration Transaxle Connector Layouts .
Scheme 347
Scheme 348
Scheme 349
Scheme 350
Scheme 351
Scheme 352
Scheme 353
Scheme 354
Scheme 355
Scheme 356
- A1 ELECTRONIC DIAGNOSTICS Check to make sure the transaxle harness connector is fully seated, pins are fully engaged in the connector and in good condition before proceeding. Key in OFF position. Connect the diagnostic tool. Key in ON position. Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: Retrieve DTCs Are there any transmission DTC faults present? YES : For Shift Solenoid A (SSA) and Shift Solenoid B (SSB), go to A2 . For the Pressure Control Solenoid A (PCA), Shift Solenoid C (SSC), Shift Solenoid D (SSD), Shift Solenoid E (SSE), Shift Solenoid F (SSF) and Torque Converter Clutch (TCC), Go to A4 . NO : CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify if concern is still present. Concern could be intermittent. If concern is still present or reappears, go to the appropriate pinpoint test steps: For shift solenoids SSA and SSB, go to A2 . For shift solenoids PCA, SSC, SSD, SSE, SSF and TCC, Go to A4 .
- A2 CHECK RESISTANCE OF THE ON/OFF SOLENOID CIRCUIT Key in OFF position. Remove the Transmission Control Module (TCM). Measure the resistance at the transaxle bulkhead electrical connector between pin 2 and ground for SSB. Measure the resistance at the transaxle bulkhead electrical connector between pin 5 and ground for SSA. Is the resistance between 11-15 ohms? YES : INSTALL a new TCM and REFLASH to the latest level calibration. CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify concern is not present. Concern could be intermittent. If concern is still present or reappears, go to A3 . NO : Go to A3 .
- A3 CHECK RESISTANCE OF THE ON/OFF SOLENOIDS Remove the transaxle side cover. Remove the wiring connector from the affected solenoid (SSA or SSB). Measure the resistance between solenoid pin 1 and ground of the affected solenoid. Is each solenoid resistance between 11-15 ohms? YES : INSTALL a new internal wire harness or REPAIR affected circuit. NO : INSTALL a new main control.
- A4 CHECK LINEAR SOLENOID SHORT TO GROUND Key in OFF position. Remove the TCM. Measure the resistance between the pins in the following chart: TRANSAXLE BULKHEAD ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR Pin Number Circuit Function 1 Pressure Control Solenoid A (PCA) ground 3 PCA signal 4 Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) ground 9 TCC signal 10 Shift Solenoid C (SSC) ground 11 SSC signal 14 Shift Solenoid E (SSE) signal 16 Shift Solenoid F (SSF) ground 17 Shift Solenoid D (SSD) signal 18 SSD ground 21 SSF signal 22 SSE ground Is each resistance greater than 10,000 ohms? YES : Go to A5 . NO : Go to A6 .
- A5 CHECK RESISTANCE OF THE LINEAR SOLENOID(S) Inspect both sides of the TCM for damaged or pushed-out pins, corrosion or damaged seals. For the TCC solenoid, measure the resistance between pin 4 and pin 9 at the transaxle. For the PCA solenoid, measure the resistance between pin 3 and pin 1 at the transaxle. For the SSF solenoid, measure the resistance between pin 21 and pin 16 at the transaxle. For the SSC solenoid, measure the resistance between pin 11 and pin 10 at the transaxle. For the SSD solenoid, measure the resistance between pin 17 and pin 18 at the transaxle. For the SSE solenoid, measure the resistance between pin 14 and pin 22 at the transaxle. Is the resistance between 5.0 - 5.6 ohms? YES : INSTALL a new TCM and REFLASH to the latest level calibration. CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify concern is not present. Concern could be intermittent. If concern is still present or reappears, go to A6 . NO : Go to A6 .
- A6 CHECK CONTINUITY OF THE INTERNAL HARNESS Remove the transaxle side cover. Remove the wiring connector from the affected solenoid(s) (PCA, SSC, SSD, SSE, SSF and TCC). Measure the resistance between the bulkhead connector and the affected solenoid electrical connector. Is each solenoid resistance less than 5 ohms? YES : INSTALL a new main control. NO : INSTALL a new internal wire harness or repair affected circuit.
Scheme 357
Scheme 358
Scheme 359
- B1 ELECTRONIC DIAGNOSTICS Connect the diagnostic tool. Check to make sure the transaxle harness connector is fully seated, pins are fully engaged in connector and in good condition before proceeding. Key in ON position. Select Diagnostic Data Link. Select Transmission Control Module (TCM). Select PID/TFT. Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: PIDs; TFT Does the vehicle enter PID/TFT? YES : Go to B2 . NO : REPEAT procedure to enter PID. If vehicle did not enter PID, REFER to the «Introduction - Gasoline Engines»(ref-291242) article.
- B2 TEMPERATURE SIGNAL CHECK Key in ON position. Select Diagnostic Data Link. Select TCM. Select PID/TFT. Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: PIDs; TFT Monitor the TFT PID. The temperature value should be within -55°C to 175°C (-65°F to 347°F). Is the Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) within specified range? YES : Go to B3 . NO : Go to B4 .
- B3 WARM-UP/COOL-DOWN CYCLE While monitoring the TFT PIDs, carry out the following test: If transmission is cold, run transmission to warm it up. If transmission is warm, allow transmission to cool down. Do the TFT PIDs increase as the transmission is warmed up, decrease as the transmission is cooled and does the TFT stay within the specified range? YES : INSTALL a new TCM and REFLASH to the latest level calibration. CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify concern is not present. Concern could be intermittent. If concern is still present or reappears, go to B4 . NO : Go to B4 .
- B4 SIGNAL RESISTANCE Remove the TCM. Inspect both sides of the TCM for damaged or pushed-out pins, corrosion or damaged seals. Measure the resistance between pins 7 and 8 at the transaxle bulkhead electrical connector. Refer to the following table. TRANSMISSION FLUID TEMPERATURE (TFT) SENSOR RESISTANCE °C °F Resistance (Ohms) 10 50 6.445 25 77 3.5 110 230 0.247 Record the resistance. Is the resistance within range? YES : Go to B5 . NO : INSTALL a new internal harness and TFT assembly.
- B5 SHORT TO GROUND Measure the resistance between pin 7 and ground at the transaxle bulkhead electrical connector. Measure the resistance between pin 8 and ground at the transaxle bulkhead electrical connector. Record the resistances. Are the resistances greater than 10,000 ohms? YES : INSTALL a new TCM and REFLASH to the latest level calibration. NO : INSTALL a new internal harness and TFT assembly.
Scheme 360
Scheme 361
Scheme 362
Scheme 363
- C1 ELECTRONIC DIAGNOSTICS Check to make sure the Transmission Control Module (TCM) connector is fully seated, pins are fully engaged in the connector and in good condition before proceeding. Connect the diagnostic tool. Key in ON position. Monitor the PID for the Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor. Monitor and record speed. Does the OSS match the vehicle speed? YES : CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify concern is not present. Concern could be intermittent. If concern is still present or reappears, go to C2 . NO : Go to C2 .
- C2 CHECK OSS SENSOR RESISTANCE Remove the TCM. Measure the resistance at the transaxle bulkhead electrical connector between pin 19 and 20. Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? YES : CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify concern is not present. Concern could be intermittent. If concern is still present or reappears, go to C3 . NO : Go to C4 .
- C3 CHECK OSS SENSOR FOR SHORT TO GROUND Remove the TCM. Measure the resistance at the transaxle bulkhead electrical connector between pin 19 and ground. Measure the resistance at the transaxle bulkhead electrical connector between pin 20 and ground. Is the resistance greater than 10,000 ohms? YES : INSTALL a new TCM and REFLASH to the latest level calibration. CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify concern is not present. Concern could be intermittent. If concern is still present or reappears, go to C4 . NO : Go to C4 .
- C4 CHECK OSS SENSOR RESISTANCE Remove the transaxle side cover. Measure the resistance at the speed sensor electrical connector between pin 1 and 2. Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? YES : INSTALL a new internal harness. NO : INSTALL a new transaxle assembly.
Scheme 364
Scheme 365
Scheme 366
- D1 ELECTRONIC DIAGNOSTICS Check to make sure the Transmission Control Module (TCM) connector is fully seated, pins are fully engaged in connector and in good condition before proceeding. Connect the diagnostic tool. Key in ON position. Monitor the PID for the Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) sensor. Monitor and record speed. Does the TSS match the engine rpm? YES : CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify concern is not present. Concern could be intermittent. If concern is still present or reappears, go to D2 . NO : Go to D2 .
- D2 CHECK TSS SENSOR RESISTANCE Remove the TCM. Measure the resistance at the transaxle bulkhead electrical connector between pin 12 and 13. Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? YES : CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify concern is not present. Concern could be intermittent. If concern is still present or reappears, go to D3 . NO : Go to D4 .
- D3 CHECK TSS SENSOR CIRCUIT FOR SHORT TO GROUND Remove the TCM. Measure the resistance at the transaxle bulkhead electrical connector between pin 12 and ground. Measure the resistance at the transaxle bulkhead electrical connector between pin 13 and ground. Is the resistance greater than 10,000 ohms? YES : INSTALL a new TCM and REFLASH to the latest level calibration. CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify concern is not present. Concern could be intermittent. If concern is still present or reappears, go to D4 . NO : Go to D4 .
- D4 ELECTRONIC DIAGNOSTICS Remove the transaxle side cover. Measure the resistance at the TSS sensor electrical connector between pin 1 and 2. Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? YES : CLEAR all DTCs. ROAD TEST to verify concern is not present. Concern could be intermittent. If concern is still present or reappears, INSTALL a new internal harness. NO : The sensor is defective, INSTALL a new TSS sensor.
Scheme 367
Scheme 368
Scheme 369
- E1 CHECK FOR VOLTAGE ON CIRCUIT CET40 (GN/OG) Disconnect: Transmission Control Module (TCM) C1533 Key in ON position. Selector lever in PARK or NEUTRAL. Measure the voltage between C1533-5, circuit CET40 (GN/OG) and chassis ground. Is the voltage between 0-0.8 volt? YES : Go to E2 . NO : Go to E3 .
- E2 CHECK FOR VOLTAGE ON CIRCUIT CET40 (GN/OG) Selector lever in REVERSE, DRIVE or LOW. Measure the voltage between C1533-5, circuit CET40 (GN/OG) and chassis ground. Is the voltage greater than 10 volts? YES : INSTALL a new TCM. After installing the new TCM, VERIFY that the starting system is operating correctly. If not, REFER to «ENGINE COOLING»(ref-291897) article to check starting system. NO : Go to E3 .
- E3 CHECK VEHICLE HARNESS CIRCUIT CET40 (GN/OG) FOR AN OPEN Disconnect: PCM C175B Measure the resistance between C1533-5, circuit CET40 (GN/OG) and C175B-16. Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? YES : Go to E4 . NO : REPAIR circuit CET40 (GN/OG) for an open.
- E4 CHECK VEHICLE HARNESS CIRCUIT CET40 (GN/OG) FOR A SHORT TO GROUND Measure the resistance between C1533-5, circuit CET40 (GN/OG) and chassis ground. Is the resistance greater than 10,000 ohms? YES : REPAIR circuit CET40 (GN/OG) for a short to ground. NO : INSTALL a new PCM. After installing the new PCM, VERIFY that the starting system is operating correctly. If not, REFER to «ENGINE COOLING»(ref-291897) article to check starting system.
Special Testing Procedures
Special Tools Illustration Tool Name Tool Number 73 III Automotive Meter 105-R0057 or equivalent Transmission Fluid Pressure Gauge 307-004 (T57L-77820-A) Vehicle Communication Module and Integrated Diagnostic System software with appropriate hardware, or equivalent scan tool
Scheme 370
The special tests are designed to aid the technician in diagnosing the hydraulic and mechanical portions of the transaxle.
Stall Speed Test
| WARNING | Block all wheels, set the parking brake and firmly apply the service brake to reduce the risk of vehicle movement during this procedure. Failure to follow these instructions may result in serious personal injury. |
The Stall Speed Test checks
- torque converter clutch operation and installation.
- holding ability of the forward clutch.
- reverse clutch (the low-reverse bands).
- planetary one-way clutch.
- engine driveability concerns.
Conduct this test with the engine coolant and transmission fluid at correct levels and at normal operating temperature.
Apply the parking brake firmly for each Stall Speed Test.
- Find the specified stall rpm for the vehicle, see the Stall Speed Chart. Use a grease pencil to mark the rpm on the dial of a tachometer. STALL SPEED Engine rpm 3.0L (4V) 1,878-2,678 3.5L 1,878-2,678
- Connect a scan tool.
- In each of the following ranges REVERSE, DRIVE and LOW, press the accelerator pedal to the floor and hold it just long enough to let the engine get to Wide Open Throttle (WOT). While making this test, do not hold the throttle open for more than 5 seconds at a time.
- Note the results in each range.
- After each range, move the selector lever to NEUTRAL and run the engine at 1,000 rpm for about 15 seconds to cool the torque converter before making the next test.
- Use the stall speed diagnosis chart for corrective actions.
- If stall speeds were too high, see the Stall Speed Chart. If stall speeds were too low, first check engine idle speed and tune up. If engine is OK, remove torque converter and check torque converter clutch for slippage.
| Test Results | Possible Source |
|---|---|
| Values of both DRIVE and REVERSE ranges are lower than the standards | Insufficient engine power Torque converter stator one-way clutch slipping |
| Only the value of DRIVE range is higher than the standards | Low line pressure. Shift control solenoid assembly (SLT) failure, primary regulator valve failure Valve body failure (SLC3 hydraulic pressure system) C1 clutch slipping One-way clutch F1 failure |
| Only the value of REVERSE range is higher than the standards | Low line pressure. Shift control solenoid assembly (SLT) failure, primary regulator valve failure Valve body failure (SLC3 hydraulic pressure system) C3 clutch failure B2 brake failure |
| Values of both DRIVE and REVERSE ranges are higher than the standards | Low line pressure. Shift control solenoid assembly (SLT) failure, primary regulator valve failure Primary regulator valve failure Oil pump failure Oil strainer clogging |
PRESSURE DIAGNOSTIC CHART
Leakage Inspection
Special Tools Illustration Tool Name Tool Number 100W/12 Volt DC UV Lamp 164-R0751
| Item | Specification |
|---|---|
| Dye-Lite® ATF/Power Steering Fluid Leak Detection Dye 164-R3701 (Rotunda) | |
| Motorcraft Premium Automatic Transmission Fluid XT-8-QAW (US); CXT-8-LAW12 (Canada) | WSS-M2C924-A |
Material
Note. Do not try to stop the fluid leak by increasing the torque beyond specifications. This may cause damage to the case threads.
Use the following chart to inspect and correct any external transmission fluid leaks.
| Description | Action |
|---|---|
| Leaks at the transmission fluid pan to case | Tighten to specification or install a new transmission fluid gasket. |
| Transmission fluid filler plug leaks | Install a new transmission fluid filler plug. |
| Transmission fluid cooler or fittings leaking | Tighten to specification or install new transmission fluid cooler tubes. Refer to TRANSAXLE/TRANSMISSION COOLING article. |
| Transmission fluid cooler nut to case fitting leaking | Inspect for damage or missing O-ring seals. Tighten to specification, install new transmission fluid cooler tubes or install new O-rings. Refer to TRANSAXLE/TRANSMISSION COOLING article. |
| Leaks at the transmission fluid cooler | Inspect the transmission fluid cooler for damage, if damaged, install a new transmission fluid cooler. Refer to TRANSAXLE/TRANSMISSION COOLING article. |
| Leaks at the manual control lever seal | Install a new manual control lever seal. |
| Leaks at the solenoid body harness connector | Install a new solenoid body harness connector O-ring seal, either on the harness end or the solenoid body. |
EXTERNAL TRANSMISSION FLUID LEAKS
Leak Check Test With UV Lamp
Dye-Lite® ATF Steering Fluid Leak Detection Dye 164-R3701 or equivalent (specifically formulated for ATF) is used to detect a transmission fluid leak.
- Add dye to the transmission fluid. Use 30.0 mL (1 oz) of dye solution for every 3.8L (4 qt) of transmission fluid.
- Start and run the engine until the transaxle reaches its normal operating temperature. Observe the back of the cylinder block and top of the torque converter housing for evidence of fluid leakage. Raise the vehicle on a hoist and run the engine at fast idle, then at engine idle, occasionally shifting to the DRIVE and REVERSE ranges to increase pressure within the transaxle. Observe the front of the flexplate, back of the cylinder block (in as far as possible), and inside the torque converter housing and front of the case. Continue running the engine until fluid leakage is evident and the probable source of leakage can be determined.
Diagnosis By Symptom
Special Tools Illustration Tool Name Tool Number 73 III Automotive Meter 105-R0057 or equivalent Vehicle Communication Module and Integrated Diagnostic System software with appropriate hardware, or equivalent scan tool
The Diagnosis by Symptom charts give the technician diagnostic information, direction and suggest possible components, using a symptom as a starting point.
The Diagnosis by Symptom charts are divided into 2 categories: Electrical Routines, indicated by 200 series numbers, and Hydraulic/Mechanical Routines, indicated by 300 series numbers. The Electrical Routines list the possible electrical components that could cause or contribute to the symptom described. The Hydraulic/Mechanical Routines list the possible hydraulic or mechanical components that could cause or contribute to the symptom described.
Diagnosis by Symptom Chart Directions
- Using the Symptom Index, select the concern/symptom that best describes the condition.
- See the routine indicated in the diagnosis by Symptom Index.
- Always begin diagnosis of a symptom with: Preliminary inspections. Verifications of condition. Checking the fluid levels. Carry out other test procedures as directed.
- Begin with the routine indicated. Follow the reference or action required statements. Always carry out the on-board diagnostic tests as required. Never skip steps. Repair as required. These components are listed in the removal sequence and by the most probable cause. All components listed must be inspected to make sure of correct repair.
| Title | Routines |
|---|---|
| Engagement Concerns | |
| No forward and/or No reverse | 207 |
| Harsh | 208 |
| Soft | 209 |
| Torque Converter Clutch Operation Concerns | |
| Does not apply | 240 |
| Cycling/shudder/chatters | 242 |
| NVH | |
| Noise/vibration - forward or reverse | 254 |
| Other Concerns | |
| Transmission fluid level | 286 |
| Transmission fluid condition | 287 |
| Transmission control module software | 288 |
DIAGNOSIS BY SYMPTOM INDEX
Diagnostic Routines
| Possible Component | Reference/Action | |
|---|---|---|
| 207 - ROUTINE | ||
| No Forward, No Reverse, No Forward or Reverse | ||
| Selector lever linkage damaged or out of position | Using a scan tool, check selector lever position. Refer to AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE/TRANSMISSION EXTERNAL CONTROLS article. | |
| Incorrect neutral switch position | Carry out neutral position learning. Refer to Neutral Position Learning . | |
| Disconnect the Transmission Control Module (TCM) electrical connector. If concern still exists, this indicates an internal mechanical problem. Connect the TCM and carry out pressure checks. | ||
| If concern is resolved by disconnecting the TCM, this indicates an electrical concern. Install a new TCM. Refer to Transmission Control Module (TCM) . Check wiring harness (external and internal) valve body connections. | ||
| Halfshafts broken | Inspect for damaged or broken halfshafts. Refer to FRONT DRIVE HALFSHAFTS article. | |
ENGAGEMENT CONCERNS: NO FORWARD AND/OR NO REVERSE
| Possible Component | Reference/Action | |
|---|---|---|
| 208 - ROUTINE | ||
| Harsh Engagements | ||
| Initial learn values wrong | Carry out Transmission Control Module (TCM) initial learning procedure. Refer to Transmission Control Module (TCM) Initial Learning . | |
| Damaged internal transaxle components causing high or low pressures | Carry out pressure test. Refer to Special Testing Procedures . | |
| Damaged or malfunctioning solenoids | Carry out pinpoint test. Refer to Pinpoint Tests - Non OSC Equipped Vehicle . | |
ENGAGEMENT CONCERNS: HARSH
| Possible Component | Reference/Action | |
|---|---|---|
| 209 - ROUTINE | ||
| Soft Engagements | ||
| Initial learn values wrong | Carry out Transmission Control Module (TCM) initial learning procedure. Refer to Transmission Control Module (TCM) Initial Learning . | |
| Damaged internal transaxle components causing high or low pressures | Carry out pressure test. Refer to Special Testing Procedures . | |
| Damaged or malfunctioning solenoids | Carry out pinpoint test. Refer to Pinpoint Tests - Non OSC Equipped Vehicle . | |
ENGAGEMENT CONCERNS: SOFT
| Possible Component | Reference/Action | |
|---|---|---|
| 240 - ROUTINE | ||
| Torque Converter Does Not Apply | ||
| Damaged or malfunctioning solenoid | Carry out pinpoint test. Refer to Pinpoint Tests - Non OSC Equipped Vehicle . Install a new main control valve body. Refer to Main Control Valve Body . | |
| Damaged or disconnected wire harness | Inspect wire harness. Check connections to the Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) solenoid. | |
| Damaged or malfunctioning torque converter | Install a new torque converter. Refer to Torque Converter . | |
TORQUE CONVERTER CLUTCH OPERATIONS CONCERNS: DOES NOT APPLY
| Possible Component | Reference/Action | |
|---|---|---|
| 242 - ROUTINE | ||
| Torque Converter Cycling, Shudders or Chatters | ||
| Damaged or malfunctioning Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) solenoid | Install a new main control valve body. Refer to Main Control Valve Body . | |
| Damaged or disconnected wire harness | Inspect wire harness. Check connections to the TCC solenoid. | |
| Damaged or malfunctioning torque converter | Install a new torque converter. Refer to Torque Converter . | |
TORQUE CONVERTER CLUTCH OPERATIONS CONCERNS: CYCLING/SHUTTER/CHATTERS
Note. NVH symptoms should be identified using the diagnostic tools that are available. For a list of these tools, an explanation of their uses and a glossary of common terms, refer to NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS article. Since it is possible any one of multiple systems may be the cause of a symptom, it may be necessary to use a process of elimination type of diagnostic approach to pinpoint the responsible system. If this is not the causal system for the symptom, refer back to NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS article for the next likely system and continue diagnosis.
| Possible Component | Reference/Action | |
|---|---|---|
| 254 - ROUTINE | ||
| Powertrain Control System | ||
| Transmission Control Module (TCM) , vehicle wiring harnesses, Shift Solenoid A (SSA) and Shift Solenoid B (SSB). | Carry out on-board diagnostic tests. Refer to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article for diagnosis and testing of the TCM. Go to Pinpoint Test A . Repair as required. Clear the DTCs, road test and rerun on-board diagnostic test. | |
| Incorrect Transmission Fluid Level | ||
| Transmission fluid level low/overfilled | Check the transmission fluid level. Adjust the transmission fluid level as necessary. Refer to Preliminary Inspection . | |
| Torque Converter | ||
| Worn or damaged torque converter | Refer to Torque Converter Diagnosis . | |
| Transaxle Support Insulator | ||
| Worn or damaged transaxle support insulator | Inspect the transaxle support insulator for damage. Install new as necessary. Refer to Transaxle Support Insulator . | |
OTHER CONCERNS: NOISE/VIBRATION - FORWARD OR REVERSE
| Possible Component | Reference/Action | |
|---|---|---|
| 286 - ROUTINE | ||
| Low Transmission Fluid Level | ||
| Axle shaft seal leaking | Install new axle shaft seals. Refer to Differential Seals - LH , Differential Seals - RH, Front Wheel Drive (FWD) and Differential Seals - RH, All Wheel Drive (AWD) . | |
| Transmission fluid pan leaking | Reseal the transmission fluid pan. | |
| Torque converter hub seal leaking | Install a new torque converter hub seal. Refer to Torque Converter Hub Seal . | |
| Transmission fluid cooler tubes leaking | Install new transmission fluid cooler tube O-rings. | |
| Manual control lever seal leaking | Install a new manual control lever seal. Refer to Manual Control Lever Shaft and Seal . | |
| Transmission fluid drain plug leaking | Install a new transmission fluid drain plug seal. | |
OTHER CONCERNS: TRANSMISSION FLUID LEVEL
| Possible Component | Reference/Action | |
|---|---|---|
| 287 - ROUTINE | ||
| Transmission Fluid Burnt or Contaminated | ||
| Internal components damaged (clutch plate material) | Install a new transaxle. Refer to Transaxle - 3.0L or Transaxle - 3.5L . | |
OTHER CONCERNS: TRANSMISSION FLUID CONDITION
| Possible Component | Reference/Action | |
|---|---|---|
| 288 - ROUTINE | ||
| Shifting and Driveability Concerns | ||
| Transmission Control Module (TCM) not at current software level | Reflash the TCM to current software level. | |
OTHER CONCERNS: TRANSMISSION CONTROL MODULE (TCM) SOFTWARE