Engine Controls - Basic Testing: Other Saab 9-3 I

Compression

Check engine mechanical condition with compression gauge, vacuum gauge, or engine analyzer. See engine analyzer instruction manual for specific instructions.

Measure engine compression at normal operating temperature with all spark plugs removed. To prevent damage to catalytic converter, test quickly and only if necessary.

Note. Compression pressures are not specified by manufacturer. However, maximum variation between cylinders should not exceed 29 psi.

COMPRESSION RATIO

Exhaust System Backpressure

1. The exhaust system can be checked with a vacuum or pressure gauge. Remove HO2S sensor. Connect a 1-5 psi pressure gauge and operate engine at 2500 RPM. If exhaust system backpressure is greater than 2 psi, exhaust system or catalytic converter is plugged.
2. If a vacuum gauge is used, connect vacuum gauge to intake manifold vacuum port and start engine. Observe vacuum gauge. Open throttle part way (use gas pedal, not throttle linkage) and hold it steady. If vacuum gauge reading slowly drops after stabilizing, check exhaust system for restriction.

FUEL SYSTEM

Fuel Pressure

1. Begin basic diagnosis of fuel system by measuring system pressure. Turn ignition off. On 9-3, remove engine cover. Unscrew valve cap from fuel rail and connect fuel pressure gauge. On 9-5, disconnect banjo coupling at inlet to fuel injection manifold. Connect a fuel pressure gauge, using existing seals. On both models, hang pressure gauge vertically.
2. Connect TECH-2 scan tool to Data Link Connector (DLC). Use scan tool to activate fuel pump. On 9-5, if scan tool is not available, connect fused jumper wire between fuses No. 8 and 19 to activate fuel pump. Leave fuel pump turned on until fuel pressure no longer rises. Pressure should be around 43 psi (3.0 kg/cm 2 ). If fuel pressure is too high, go to next step. If fuel pressure is too low, go to step 4 . Let vehicle sit for 20 minutes and recheck residual pressure. It should be at least 33 psi. If pressure is less than specified, check for leaking non-return valve at fuel tank.
3. Turn ignition off. Disconnect fuel return line from pressure regulator. Blow through line. If line is open, pressure regulator is defective and should be replaced. If line is blocked, remove blockage or replace with a new return line. Inspect one-way valve plugged into top of fuel pump assembly at tank. Replace if necessary. Retest system.
4. Check fuel level. DO NOT rely on fuel gauge. Inspect for fuel system leaks. Test fuel pressure regulator. See «FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR»(ref-2995-S12661139052000041700000) . If fuel pressure regulator operation is not as specified, replace regulator.

Fuel Pressure Regulator

Note. When testing fuel pressure regulator, fuel pressure should drop or increase in direct proportion to vacuum or pressure applied to fuel pressure regulator diaphragm.

1. If fuel pressure gauge is already attached, go to next step. If gauge is not attached, on 9-3, connect gauge to service fitting or on 9-5, disconnect banjo coupling at inlet to fuel injection manifold. Connect fuel pressure gauge at this point, using existing seals. On both models, hang pressure gauge vertically.
2. Remove vacuum hose from fuel pressure regulator and connect vacuum/pressure gauge to vacuum port. Connect TECH-2 scan tool to Data Link Connector (DLC). Use scan tool to activate fuel pump.
3. Fuel pressure should increase to about 43 psi (3.0 kg/cm 2 ). Use vacuum pump to reduce system pressures as specified in «REGULATED FUEL PRESSURE (VACUUM APPLIED)»(ref-2995-S00216161862000041700000) table. Compare fuel pressure to specification. Go to next step. REGULATED FUEL PRESSURE (VACUUM APPLIED) Applied Vacuum In. Hg Fuel Pressure psi (kg/cm 2 ) 0 43 (3.0) 5 40.5 (2.9) 10 38 (2.7) 15 35.5 (2.5)
4. Increase pressure as specified in «REGULATED FUEL PRESSURE (PRESSURE APPLIED)»(ref-2995-S36015529942000041700000) table. Compare fuel pressure to specification. If fuel pressure is not as specified, replace fuel pressure regulator and retest system. REGULATED FUEL PRESSURE (PRESSURE APPLIED) Applied Pressure psi (kg/cm 2 ) Fuel Pressure psi (kg/cm 2 ) 0 (0) 43 (3.0) 3.0 (0.2) 46 (3.3) 6.0 (0.4) 49 (3.5) 8.5 (0.6) 51.5 (3.9)

Fuel Injector Flow

1. Remove fuel injectors with fuel rail. See FUEL INJECTORS in REMOVAL, OVERHAUL & INSTALLATION article. Leave injectors connected to fuel rail. Fit a transparent hose about 15" long and 9/16" inside diameter onto end of injector. Place end of hose into a suitable container. Reconnect fuel injector electrical connectors. Connect a jumper wire between the following fuse terminals: on 9-3, between fuse No. 4 upper terminal and fuse No. 32 lower terminal. On 9-5, between fuse No. 8 upper terminal and fuse No. 19 lower terminal.
2. Use scan tool to perform injector flow test. Scan tool should continue test for 30 seconds. Measure volume of fuel for each injector. See appropriate «FUEL INJECTOR FLOW SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-2995-S27199612352000041700000) table. Repair or replace any injector that does not meet specifications. FUEL INJECTOR FLOW SPECIFICATIONS (9-3) Engine Year Milliliters/ 30 Seconds Max. Difference Between Injectors B204E/L 1999-2000 162-180 18 B205L 2000 134-146 12 B205R 2000 162-182 20 B235R (Viggen) 1999 169-183 14 B235R (Viggen) 2000 162-182 20 FUEL INJECTOR FLOW SPECIFICATIONS (9-5) Engine Year Milliliters/ 30 Seconds Max. Difference Between Injectors B235E 1999 169-183 14 B235E (LEV) 2000 162-182 20 B308E 1999-2000 105-113 8

Fuel Pump Flow

1. Remove engine cover. On 9-3, remove fuse No. 32 from driver's fuse box or on 9-5, remove fuse No. 19 from driver's fuse box while engine is running. On 9-3, use SST 83 95 261 fuel line separation tool to disconnect fuel return line to tank. On 9-5, disconnect fuel return line at fuel pressure regulator. Connect a section of test hose to return line. Place other end of test hose in 2-quart (approximate) graduated container.
2. Activate fuel pump by connecting a jumper wire between fuses No. 4 and 32 on 9-3 Series and fuse No. 8 and 19 on 9-5 Series. Run fuel pump for 30 seconds. Measure volume of fuel flow and fuel pressure drop. Minimum acceptable volume is 1.48 pts. (0.7L). If fuel volume does not meet specification, go to «FUEL PRESSURE»(ref-2995-S10697675522000041700000) .

TRIONIC IGNITION SYSTEMS

Scheme 1

1. Disconnect ignition discharge module (IDM) 10-pin connector. Connect test light between connector terminal No. 6 and battery voltage. (Scheme 1) If test light comes on, go to next step. If test light does not come on, repair wiring. See appropriate wiring diagram in WIRING DIAGRAMS article.
2. Connect test light between connector terminal No. 10 and ground. Using scan tool, activate one ignition coil. If test light comes on, go to next step. If test light does not come on, check main relay. See RELAYS in appropriate SYSTEM & COMPONENT TESTING article.
3. Remove Ignition Discharge Module (IDM). Insert test spark plug into each spark plug receptacle. Ground spark plugs with SST 86 10 867 spark plug grounding lead. Using scan tool, activate each ignition coil. Check for spark at each spark plug. Repeat procedure if necessary. If any coil is not operating, replace IDM. If all coils are operating, replace spark plugs and attempt to start engine. If engine does not start, fault is not in ignition system.

PROGRAMMING ECM

If power supply to Electronic Control Module (ECM) is interrupted, all previously stored adapted sensor values will be erased. Vehicle will need to be driven for a prolonged period in order to relearn sensor data and restore peak performance.

IDLE SPEED & IGNITION TIMING

All models are equipped with a Distributorless Ignition System (DIS). Idle speed and ignition timing are controlled by (ECM) and are not adjustable. ECM relies on spark plug resistance to determine ignition timing. See TRIONIC ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM in THEORY & OPERATION article for a detailed description of ignition timing and idle speed control functions.

SUMMARY

If no faults were found while performing BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES, proceed to appropriate SELF-DIAGNOSTICS article. If no hard codes are found in self-diagnostics, proceed to TROUBLE SHOOTING - NO CODES article for diagnosis by symptom (i.e., ROUGH IDLE, NO START, etc.) or intermittent diagnostic procedures.