Home/Lexus/CT/Lexus CT I (2010-2014)/Repair manual/Testing & Diagnostics/Engine Control System (Diagnostic Codes (P0300 - P106A)): O…
Contents Wiring diagrams Section: Testing & Diagnostics All sections

Engine Control System (Diagnostic Codes (P0300 - P106A)): Overview Lexus CT I

Testing & Diagnostics 18 illustrations ~4796 words

DESCRIPTION

When the engine misfires, high concentrations of hydrocarbons (HC) enter the exhaust gas. High HC concentration levels can cause an increase in exhaust emission levels. Extremely high concentrations of HC can also cause increases in the three-way catalytic converter temperature, which may cause damage to the three-way catalytic converter. To prevent this increase in emissions and to limit the possibility of thermal damage, the ECM monitors the misfire rate. When the temperature of the three-way catalytic converter reaches the point of thermal degradation, the ECM blinks the MIL. To monitor misfires, the ECM uses both the Camshaft Position (CMP) sensor and the Crankshaft Position (CKP) sensor. The camshaft position sensor is used to identify any misfiring cylinders and the crankshaft position sensor is used to measure variations in the crankshaft rotation speed. Misfires are counted when the crankshaft rotation speed variations exceed predetermined thresholds. If the misfire count exceeds the threshold levels, and could cause emission control system performance deterioration, the ECM illuminates the MIL and stores a DTC.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0300When one of following conditions below is detected (2 trip detection logic): High temperature misfire occurs in three-way catalytic converter (MIL blinks) Emission deterioration misfire occurs (MIL illuminates) Simultaneous misfiring of several cylinders occursOpen or short in engine wire harness Connector connection Vacuum hose connections Ignition system Fuel injector assembly Fuel pressure Mass air flow meter sub-assembly Engine coolant temperature sensor Compression pressure Valve timing PCV valve and hose PCV hose connections Intake system EGR valve assembly ECM
P0301 P0302 P0303 P0304When one of following conditions below is detected (2 trip detection logic): High temperature misfire occurs in three-way catalytic converter (MIL blinks) Emission deterioration misfire occurs (MIL illuminates) Misfiring of specific cylinder occurs

When DTCs for misfiring cylinders are randomly stored, but DTC P0300 is not stored, it indicates that misfires have been detected in different cylinders at different times. DTC P0300 is only stored when several misfiring cylinders are detected at the same time.

MONITOR DESCRIPTION

The ECM illuminates the MIL and stores a DTC when either one of the following conditions, which could cause emission control system performance deterioration, is detected (2 trip detection logic).

  1. Within the first 1000 crankshaft revolutions of the engine starting, an excessive misfiring rate (approximately 20 to 50 misfires per 1000 crankshaft revolutions) occurs once.
  2. An excessive misfiring rate (approximately 20 to 50 misfires per 1000 crankshaft revolutions) occurs a total of 4 times.

The ECM flashes the MIL and stores a DTC when either one of the following conditions, which could cause the three-way catalytic converter damage, is detected (2 trip detection logic).

HINT

If a catalyst damage misfire occurs, the monitor informs the driver by blinking the MIL (1 trip).

  1. In every 200 crankshaft revolutions at a high engine speed, the threshold misfiring percentage is recorded once.
  2. In every 200 crankshaft revolutions at a normal engine speed, the threshold misfiring percentage is recorded 3 times.

Misfire Monitor for Mexico Models

The ECM illuminates the MIL and sets a DTC when either one of the following conditions, which could cause emission deterioration, is detected (2 trip detection logic).

  1. Within the first 1000 crankshaft revolutions of the engine starting, an excessive misfiring rate (approximately 500 misfires per 1000 crankshaft revolutions) occurs once.
  2. An excessive misfiring rate (approximately 250 misfires per 1000 crankshaft revolutions) occurs a total of 4 times.

The ECM flashes the MIL and sets a DTC when the following condition, which could cause the three-way catalytic converter damage, is detected (2 trip detection logic).

  1. A catalyst damage misfire, which is monitored every 200 crankshaft revolutions, occurs 3 times.

A flat type knock control sensor is used. Flat type knock control sensors (non-resonant type) have a structure that can detect vibrations over a wide band of frequencies: between approximately 6 kHz and 15 kHz.

Knock control sensors are fitted onto the engine block to detect engine knocking.

The knock control sensor contains a piezoelectric element which generates a voltage when it becomes deformed.

The voltage is generated when the engine block vibrates due to knocking. Occurrence of engine knocking can be suppressed by delaying the ignition timing.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0327Output voltage of knock control sensor below 0.5 V for 1 second or more (1 trip detection logic).Short in knock control sensor circuit Knock control sensor ECM
P0328Output voltage of knock control sensor higher than 4.5 V for 1 second or more (1 trip detection logic).Open in knock control sensor circuit Knock control sensor ECM

HINT

When either DTC P0327 or P0328 is stored, the ECM enters fail-safe mode. During fail-safe mode, the ignition timing is delayed to its maximum retardation. Fail-safe mode continues until the power switch is turned off.

Reference: Inspection using an oscilloscope

Scheme 100

Scheme 100

Standard

Tester ConnectionTool SettingConditionSpecified Condition
D27-87 (KNK1) - D27-110 (EKNK)1 V/DIV., 1 ms./DIV.Engine speed maintained at 2500 RPM after warming up engineThe correct waveform is as shown

If the output voltage transmitted by the knock control sensor remains low or high for more than 1 second, the ECM interprets this as a malfunction in the sensor circuit, and stores a DTC.

The monitor for DTCs P0327 and P0328 begins to run when 5 seconds have elapsed since the engine was started.

If the malfunction is not repaired successfully, DTC P0327 or P0328 is stored 5 seconds after the engine is next started.

The crankshaft position sensor system consists of a No. 1 crankshaft position sensor plate and a pickup coil.

The sensor plate has 34 teeth and is installed on the crankshaft. The pickup coil is made of wound copper wire, an iron core and magnet. The sensor plate rotates and, as each tooth passes by the pickup coil, a pulse signal is created. The pickup coil generates 34 signals per engine revolution. Based on these signals, the ECM calculates the crankshaft position and engine speed. Using these calculations, the fuel injection time and ignition timing are controlled.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0335One of the following conditions is met (1 trip detection logic): No crankshaft position sensor signal to ECM while engine running Missing crankshaft position sensor signal despite camshaft position sensor signal inputs normal after engine crankedOpen or short in crankshaft position sensor circuit Crankshaft position sensor No. 1 crankshaft position sensor plate ECM

Scheme 101

Scheme 101
  1. Reference: Inspection using an oscilloscope. Standard Tester Connection Tool Setting Condition Specified Condition D27-74 (NE+) - D27-120 (NE-) 5 V/DIV., 20 ms./DIV. Idling with warm engine The correct waveform is as shown HINT: NE is the crankshaft position sensor signal. A failure of the ground for the shielding of the wiring may result in noisy waveforms.

If there is no signal from the crankshaft position sensor despite the engine rotating, the ECM interprets this as a malfunction of the sensor.

If the malfunction is not repaired successfully, a DTC is stored 10 seconds after the engine is next started.

The camshaft position sensor (G2 signal) consists of a magnet and MRE (Magneto Resistance Element).

The camshaft has a timing rotor for the camshaft position sensor. When the camshaft rotates, changes occur in the air gaps between the timing rotor and MR element, which affects the magnet. As a result, the resistance of the MRE material fluctuates. The camshaft position sensor converts the camshaft rotation data to pulse signals, and uses the pulse signals to determine the camshaft angle, which it sends to the ECM. Then the ECM uses this data to control fuel injection time and injection timing.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0340When ether of following conditions is met (1 trip detection logic): No camshaft position sensor signal to ECM at engine speed 600 RPM or more Missing camshaft position sensor signal despite crankshaft position sensor inputs normal at engine speed of 600 RPM or moreOpen or short in camshaft position sensor circuit Camshaft position sensor Intake camshaft Jumped tooth of timing chain for intake camshaft ECM
P0342Output voltage of camshaft position sensor below 0.3 V for 4 seconds (1 trip detection logic).Open or short in camshaft position sensor circuit Camshaft position sensor Intake camshaft ECM
P0343Output voltage of camshaft position sensor higher than 4.7 V for 4 seconds (1 trip detection logic).Open or short in camshaft position sensor circuit Camshaft position sensor Intake camshaft ECM

Scheme 102

Scheme 102
  1. Reference: Inspection using an oscilloscope. Standard Tester Connection Tool Setting Condition Specified Condition D27-76 (G2+) - D27-122 (G2-) 5 V/DIV., 20 ms./DIV. Idling with warm engine The correct waveform is as shown HINT: G2 is camshaft position sensor signal. DTC P0340 indicates a malfunction relating to the camshaft position sensor circuit (the wire harness between the ECM and camshaft position sensor, and the camshaft position sensor itself).

If no signal is transmitted by the camshaft position sensor despite the engine revolving, or the rotation of the camshaft and the crankshaft is not synchronized, the ECM interprets this as a malfunction of the sensor.

If the malfunction is not repaired successfully, the DTC is stored 10 seconds after the engine is nest started.

HINT

  1. These DTCs indicate malfunctions relating to the primary circuit.
  2. If DTC P0351 is output, check the No. 1 ignition coil assembly circuit.
  3. If DTC P0352 is output, check the No. 2 ignition coil assembly circuit.
  4. If DTC P0353 is output, check the No. 3 ignition coil assembly circuit.
  5. If DTC P0354 is output, check the No. 4 ignition coil assembly circuit.

A Direct Ignition System (DIS) is used on this vehicle.

The DIS is an ignition system in which each cylinder is ignited by it's own ignition coil assembly and spark plug. The secondary wiring of each ignition coil generates a powerful voltage which is applied directly to each spark plug. The spark passes from the center electrode of the spark plug to the ground electrode.

The ECM determines the ignition timing and transmits the ignition (IGT) signals to each cylinder. Using the IGT signal, the ECM turns the power transistor inside the igniter on and off. The power transistor, in turn, switches on and off the current to the primary coil. When the current to the primary coil is cut off, a powerful voltage is generated in the secondary coil. This voltage is applied to the spark plugs, causing them to spark inside the cylinders. As the ECM cuts the current to the primary coil, the igniter sends back an ignition confirmation (IGF) signal to the ECM, for each cylinder ignition.

Scheme 103

Scheme 103
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionsTrouble Areas
P0351 P0352 P0353 P0354No IGF signal to ECM while engine running (1 trip detection logic).Ignition system Open or short in IGF or IGT circuit (1 to 4) between ignition coil assembly and ECM No. 1 to No. 4 ignition coil assemblies ECM

Reference: Inspection using an oscilloscope.

Scheme 104

Scheme 104

Standard

Tester ConnectionTool SettingConditionSpecified Condition
D27-108 (IGT1) - D27-104 (E1)2 V/DIV., 20 ms./DIV.IdlingThe correct waveform is as shown
D27-107 (IGT2) - D27-104 (E1)2 V/DIV., 20 ms./DIV.IdlingThe correct waveform is as shown
D24-106 (IGT3) - D27-104 (E1)2 V/DIV., 20 ms./DIV.IdlingThe correct waveform is as shown
D27-105 (IGT4) - D27-104(E1)2 V/DIV., 20 ms./DIV.IdlingThe correct waveform is as shown
D27-23 (IGF1) - D27-104 (E1)2 V/DIV., 20 ms./DIV.IdlingThe correct waveform is as shown

HINT

While idling the engine, check the waveform between terminals IGT (1 to 4) and E1, and IGF and E1 of the ECM connector.

Scheme 105

Scheme 105: MONITOR DESCRIPTION

If the ECM does not receive any IGF signals despite transmitting the IGT signal, it interprets this as a fault in the igniter and stores a DTC.

If the malfunction is not repaired successfully, a DTC is stored 1 second after the engine is next started.

Based on the driving conditions, the ECM regulates the volume of exhaust gas that is recirculated to the engine's combustion chambers and thus lowers the combustion temperature to reduce NOx emissions. The ECM monitors signals such as engine speed, coolant temperature, electric load, and vehicle speed. When the EGR permission conditions are fulfilled, the ECM controls the opening of the EGR valve linearly through signals to the EGR step motor.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0401Change in intake manifold pressure is small when the EGR valve is opened and closed during idle fuel cut operation (2 trip detection logic).EGR valve assembly EGR passage EGR with cooler pipe sub-assembly Manifold absolute pressure sensor Intake system

The ECM monitors the pressure inside the intake manifold while opening and closing the EGR valve during fuel cut operation. If there is no change in the manifold absolute pressure sensor value, the ECM interprets this as a malfunction in the EGR valve assembly, illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC (2 trip detection logic).

Refer to DTC P0401. Refer to DESCRIPTION .

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0403Open or short in EGR valve circuit (1 trip detection logic).Open or short in EGR valve assembly circuit EGR valve assembly ECM

HINT

DTC P0403 is stored when the power switch is on (IG).

This DTC is designed to detect an open or short in the EGR valve assembly circuit.

Example

  1. If the EGR1, EGR2, EGR3 or EGR4 terminal output voltage is excessively low, but the step motor is still operating, the ECM determines that there is a short in the EGR valve assembly circuit, and stores the DTC.
  2. If the EGR1, EGR2, EGR3 or EGR4 terminal output voltage is excessively low, and the step motor is not operating, the ECM determines that there is an open in the EGR valve assembly circuit, and stores the DTC.

The ECM uses sensors mounted in front of and behind the three-way catalytic converter to monitor its efficiency.

The first sensor, the air fuel ratio sensor, sends pre-catalyst information to the ECM. The second sensor, the heated oxygen sensor, sends post-catalyst information to the ECM.

In order to detect any deterioration in the three-way catalytic converter, the ECM calculates the oxygen storage capacity of the three-way catalytic converter. This calculation is based on the voltage output of the heated oxygen sensor while performing active air fuel ratio control.

The oxygen storage capacity value is an indication of the oxygen storage capacity of the three-way catalytic converter. When the vehicle is being driven with a warm engine, active air fuel ratio control is performed for approximately 15 to 25 seconds. When it is performed, the ECM deliberately sets the air fuel ratio to lean or rich levels. If the cycle of the waveform for the heated oxygen sensor is long, the oxygen storage capacity is great. There is a direct correlation between the heated oxygen sensor and the oxygen storage capacity of the three-way catalytic converter.

The ECM uses the oxygen storage capacity value to determine the state of the three-way catalytic converter. If any deterioration has occurred, it illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC.

This system determines the deterioration of the entire catalyst system (including the front and rear catalysts), by using the oxygen storage capacity value of the front catalyst, that is more sensitive than the rear catalyst, as the representative value. Therefore, be sure to replace the front and rear catalysts together when catalyst replacement is necessary.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0420Oxygen storage capacity value smaller than standard value under active air fuel ratio control (2 trip detection logic).Gas leaks from exhaust system Air fuel ratio sensor (sensor 1) Heated oxygen sensor (sensor 2) Front exhaust pipe assembly (TWC: Front and rear catalyst) EGR valve assembly

Scheme 106

Scheme 106: CATALYST LOCATION
*AW/ Exhaust Heat Recirculation System*BW/o Exhaust Heat Recirculation System
*1Air Fuel Ratio Sensor (Sensor 1)*2Heated Oxygen Sensor (Sensor 2)
*3Exhaust Manifold Sub-assembly*4Front Exhaust Pipe Assembly
*5Tail Exhaust Pipe Assembly*6TWC: Front Catalyst
*7TWC: Rear Catalyst

TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

Note. When replacing the front exhaust pipe assembly in order to replace the three-way catalytic converter, it is not necessary to replace the heated oxygen sensor.

The description can be found in the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) System. Refer to DESCRIPTION .

5 hours*1 after the power switch is turned off, the leak detection pump creates negative pressure (vacuum) in the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) system. The ECM monitors for leaks and actuator malfunctions based on the EVAP pressure.

HINT

*1: If the engine coolant temperature is not below 35°C (95°F) 5 hours after the power switch is turned off, the monitor check starts 2 hours later. If it is still not below 35°C (95°F) 7 hours after the power switch is turned off, the monitor check starts 2.5 hours later.

SequenceOperationDescriptionDuration
ECM activationActivated by soak timer, 5, 7 or 9.5 hours after power switch turned off.
AAtmospheric pressure measurementVent valve is turned off (vent) and EVAP system pressure is measured by ECM in order to register atmospheric pressure. If pressure in EVAP system is not between 70 kPa(abs) and 111 kPa(abs) [525 mmHg(abs) and 833 mmHg(abs)], ECM cancels EVAP system monitor.60 seconds
BFirst reference pressure measurementIn order to determine reference pressure, leak detection pump creates negative pressure (vacuum) through reference orifice and then ECM checks if leak detection pump and vent valve operate normally.360 seconds
CEVAP system pressure measurementVent valve is turned on (closed) to shut EVAP system. Negative pressure (vacuum) is created in EVAP system, and EVAP system pressure is then measured. Write down measured value as it will be used in leak check If EVAP pressure does not stabilize within 15 minutes, ECM cancels EVAP system monitor.15 minutes*2
DPurge VSV monitorPurge VSV is opened and then EVAP system pressure is measured by ECM. Large increase indicates normal.10 seconds
ESecond reference pressure measurementAfter second reference pressure measurement, leak check is performed by comparing first and second reference pressure measurements. If stabilized system pressure is higher than second reference pressure, ECM determines that EVAP system is leaking.60 seconds
Final checkAtmospheric pressure is measured and then monitoring result is recorded by ECM.

*2: If only a small amount of fuel is in the fuel tank, it takes longer for the EVAP pressure to stabilize.

Scheme 107

Scheme 107
*1Purge VSV: Off (Closed)*2Purge VSV: On (Open)
*3Vent Valve: Off (Vent)*4Vent Valve: On (Closed)
*5Leak Detection Pump: Off*6Leak Detection Pump: On
*7Reference Orifice (0.02 inch)*8Canister Pressure Sensor
*9Canister*10Fuel Tank
*11Canister Pump Module*12Canister Filter
*aOperation A: Atmospheric Pressure Measurement*bOperation B, E: Reference Pressure Measurement
*cOperation C: EVAP System Pressure Measurement*dOperation D: Purge VSV Monitor
*eAtmospheric Pressure*fNegative Pressure

TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

The leak detection pump creates negative pressure through the reference orifice (in operation B and E). When the system is normal, the EVAP pressure is 97 to 100 kPa(abs) [728 to 750 mmHg(abs)]* and saturated within a minute. If not, the ECM interprets this as a malfunction. The ECM illuminate the MIL and stores a DTC if this malfunction is detected in consecutive drive cycles.

*: Typical value

Scheme 108

Scheme 108

The circuit description can be found in the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) System. Refer to DESCRIPTION .

The 2 monitors, key-off and purge flow, are used to detect malfunctions relating to DTC P0441. The Key-Off monitor is initiated by the ECM internal timer, known as the soak timer, 5 hours*1 after the power switch is turned off. The purge flow monitor runs while the engine is running.

Scheme 109

Scheme 109

Scheme 110

Scheme 110

Scheme 111

Scheme 111
  1. KEY-OFF MONITOR 5 hours*1 after the power switch is turned off, the electric leak detection pump creates negative pressure (vacuum) in the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) system. The ECM monitors for leaks and actuator malfunctions based on the EVAP pressure. HINT: *1: If the engine coolant temperature is not below 35°C (95°F) 5 hours after the power switch is turned off, the monitor check starts 2 hours later. If it is still not below 35°C (95°F) 7 hours after the power switch is turned off, the monitor check starts 2.5 hours later. Sequence Operation Description Duration - ECM activation Activated by soak timer, 5, 7 or 9.5 hours after power switch turned off. - A Atmospheric pressure measurement Vent valve is turned off (vent) and EVAP system pressure is measured by ECM in order to register atmospheric pressure. If pressure in EVAP system is not between 70 kPa(abs) and 111 kPa(abs) [525 mmHg(abs) and 833 mmHg(abs)], ECM cancels EVAP system monitor. 60 seconds B First reference pressure measurement In order to determine reference pressure, leak detection pump creates negative pressure (vacuum) through reference orifice and then ECM checks if leak detection pump and vent valve operate normally. 360 seconds C EVAP system pressure measurement Vent valve is turned on (closed) to shut EVAP system. Negative pressure (vacuum) is created in EVAP system, and EVAP system pressure is then measured. Write down measured value as it will be used in leak check If EVAP pressure does not stabilize within 15 minutes, ECM cancels EVAP system monitor. 15 minutes*2 D Purge VSV monitor Purge VSV is opened and then EVAP system pressure is measured by ECM. Large increase indicates normal. 10 seconds E Second reference pressure measurement After second reference pressure measurement, leak check is performed by comparing first and second reference pressure measurements. If stabilized system pressure is higher than second reference pressure, ECM determines that EVAP system is leaking. 60 seconds - Final check Atmospheric pressure is measured and then monitoring result is recorded by ECM. - *2: If only a small amount of fuel is in the fuel tank, it takes longer for the EVAP pressure to stabilize. TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION *1 Purge VSV: Off (Closed) *2 Purge VSV: On (Open) *3 Vent Valve: Off (Vent) *4 Vent Valve: On (Closed) *5 Leak Detection Pump: Off *6 Leak Detection Pump: On *7 Reference Orifice (0.02 inch) *8 Canister Pressure Sensor *9 Canister *10 Fuel Tank *11 Canister Pump Module *12 Canister Filter *a Operation A: Atmospheric Pressure Measurement *b Operation B, E: Reference Pressure Measurement *c Operation C: EVAP System Pressure Measurement *d Operation D: Purge VSV Monitor *e Atmospheric Pressure *f Negative Pressure Purge VSV stuck open In operation C, the leak detection pump creates negative pressure (vacuum) in the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) system. The EVAP system pressure is then measured by the ECM using the canister pressure sensor. If the stabilized system pressure is higher than [second reference pressure x 0.2], the ECM interprets this as the purge VSV being stuck open. The ECM illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC (2 trip detection logic). Purge VSV stuck closed In operation D, the canister pressure sensor measures the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) system pressure. The pressure measurement for the purge VSV monitor begins when the purge VSV is turned on (open) after the EVAP leak check. When the measured pressure indicates an increase of 0.3 kPa(gauge) [2.25 mmHg(gauge)] or higher, the purge VSV is functioning normally. If the pressure does not increase, the ECM interprets this as the purge VSV being stuck closed. The ECM illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC (2 trip detection logic).
  2. PURGE FLOW MONITOR The purge flow monitor consists of 2 step monitors. The 1st monitor is conducted every time and the 2nd monitor is activated if necessary.
  1. The 1st monitor While the engine is running and the purge VSV is on (open), the ECM monitors the purge flow by measuring the EVAP pressure change. If negative pressure is not created, the ECM begins the 2nd monitor.
  2. The 2nd monitor The vent valve is turned on (closed) and the EVAP pressure is then measured. If the variation in the pressure is less than 0.5 kPa(gauge) [3.75 mmHg(gauge)], the ECM interprets this as the purge VSV being stuck closed, and illuminates the MIL and stores DTC P0441 (2 trip detection logic).

Atmospheric pressure check

In order to ensure reliable malfunction detection, the variation between the atmospheric pressures, before and after conduction of the purge flow monitor, is measured by the ECM.

HINT

This DTC P0443 is applicable to Mexico models only.

To reduce hydrocarbons (HC) emissions, evaporated fuel from the fuel tank is routed through the canister to the intake manifold for combustion in the cylinders.

The ECM changes the duty signal to the purge VSV so that the intake quantity of hydrocarbons (HC) emissions is appropriate for the driving conditions (engine load, engine speed, vehicle speed, etc.) after the engine is warmed up.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0443All of the following conditions (a) and (b) are met (1 trip detection logic): (a) The target control value and actual control value do not match for 10 seconds or more. (b) The target control value and actual control value do not match for 80 times or more.Open or short in purge VSV circuit Purge VSV ECM

Scheme 112

Scheme 112: WIRING DIAGRAM

The description can be found in the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) System. Refer to DESCRIPTION .

Scheme 113

Scheme 113: MONITOR DESCRIPTION
  1. DTC P0451: Canister pressure sensor abnormal voltage fluctuation If the canister pressure sensor voltage output fluctuates rapidly for 10 seconds, the ECM stops the EVAP system monitor. The ECM interprets this as the canister pressure sensor voltage fluctuating, and stops the EVAP system monitor. The ECM then illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC. (Malfunction is detected by 2 trip detection logic.)
  2. DTC P0452: Canister pressure sensor voltage low If the canister pressure sensor voltage output (pressure) is below 0.45 V: 42.11 kPa(abs) [315.83 mmHg(abs)], the ECM interprets this as an open or short circuit in the canister pressure sensor or its circuit, and stops the EVAP system monitor. The ECM then illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC (1 trip detection logic).
  3. DTC P0453: Canister pressure sensor voltage high If the canister pressure sensor voltage output (pressure) is 4.9 V or more: 123.761 kPa(abs) [928.208 mmHg(abs)], the ECM interprets this as an open or short circuit in the canister pressure sensor or its circuit, and stops the EVAP system monitor. The ECM then illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC (1 trip detection logic).

The description can be found in the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) System. Refer to DESCRIPTION .

5 hours*1 after the power switch is turned off, the leak detection pump creates negative pressure (vacuum) in the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) system. The ECM monitors for leaks and actuator malfunctions based on the EVAP pressure.

HINT

*1: If the engine coolant temperature is not below 35°C (95°F) 5 hours after the power switch is turned off, the monitor check starts 2 hours later. If it is still not below 35°C (95°F) 7 hours after the power switch is turned off, the monitor check starts 2.5 hours later.

SequenceOperationDescriptionDuration
ECM activationActivated by soak timer, 5, 7 or 9.5 hours after power switch turned off.
AAtmospheric pressure measurementVent valve is turned off (vent) and EVAP system pressure is measured by ECM in order to register atmospheric pressure. If pressure in EVAP system is not between 70 kPa(abs) and 111 kPa(abs) [525 mmHg(abs) and 833 mmHg(abs)], ECM cancels EVAP system monitor.60 seconds
BFirst reference pressure measurementIn order to determine reference pressure, leak detection pump creates negative pressure (vacuum) through reference orifice and then ECM checks if leak detection pump and vent valve operate normally.360 seconds
CEVAP system pressure measurementVent valve is turned on (closed) to shut EVAP system. Negative pressure (vacuum) is created in EVAP system, and EVAP system pressure is then measured. Write down measured value as it will be used in leak check If EVAP pressure does not stabilize within 15 minutes, ECM cancels EVAP system monitor.15 minutes*2
DPurge VSV monitorPurge VSV is opened and then EVAP system pressure is measured by ECM. Large increase indicates normal.10 seconds
ESecond reference pressure measurementAfter second reference pressure measurement, leak check is performed by comparing first and second reference pressure measurements. If stabilized system pressure is higher than second reference pressure, ECM determines that EVAP system is leaking.60 seconds
Final checkAtmospheric pressure is measured and then monitoring result is recorded by ECM.

*2: If only a small amount of fuel is in the fuel tank, it takes longer for the EVAP pressure to stabilize.

*1Purge VSV: Off (Closed)*2Purge VSV: On (Open)
*3Vent Valve: Off (Vent)*4Vent Valve: On (Closed)
*5Leak Detection Pump: Off*6Leak Detection Pump: On
*7Reference Orifice (0.02 inch)*8Canister Pressure Sensor
*9Canister*10Fuel Tank
*11Canister Pump Module*12Canister Filter
*aOperation A: Atmospheric Pressure Measurement*bOperation B, E: Reference Pressure Measurement
*cOperation C: EVAP System Pressure Measurement*dOperation D: Purge VSV Monitor
*eAtmospheric Pressure*fNegative Pressure

TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

Scheme 114

Scheme 114
  1. P0455: EVAP (Evaporative Emission) gross leak In operation C, the leak detection pump creates negative pressure (vacuum) in the EVAP system and the EVAP system pressure is measured. If the stabilized system pressure is higher than [second reference pressure x 0.2] (near atmospheric pressure), the ECM determines that the EVAP system has a large leak, illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC (2 trip detection logic).
  2. P0456: EVAP very small leak In operation C, the leak detection pump creates negative pressure (vacuum) in the EVAP system and the EVAP system pressure is measured. If the stabilized system pressure is higher than second reference pressure, the ECM determines that the EVAP system has a small leak, illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC (2 trip detection logic).

The idle speed is controlled by the electronic throttle control system. The electronic throttle control system is comprised of: 1) the one valve type throttle body assembly; 2) a throttle actuator, which operates the throttle valve; 3) a throttle position sensor, which detects the opening angle of the throttle valve; 4) an accelerator pedal position sensor, which detects the accelerator pedal position; and 5) the ECM, which controls the electronic throttle control system. Based on the target idle speed, the ECM controls the throttle actuator to provide the proper throttle valve opening angle.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0505Idling speed continues to vary greatly from target idling speed (2 trip detection logic).Electronic throttle control system Intake system PCV hose connections EGR valve assembly ECM

The ECM monitors the idling speed and idling air flow volume to conduct Idle Speed Control (ISC). The ECM determines that the ISC system is malfunctioning if either of the following conditions is met

  1. The difference between the target engine idling speed and actual engine idling speed exceeds the threshold and the IAC flow rate learned value is stuck at the upper or lower limit for 5 seconds or more.
  2. After driving at a vehicle speed of 10 km/h (6.25 mph) or more, the difference between the target and actual engine idling speed exceeds the threshold 5 times or more during a driving cycle, and then the system determines that the IAC flow rate learned value is stuck at the upper or lower limit, or that the IAC flow rate learned value has been changed by an amount that exceeds the threshold.

Scheme 115

Scheme 115

This monitor will run when the engine is started at an engine coolant temperature of -10 to 50°C (14 to 122°F). The DTC will be stored after the engine idles for 13 seconds (2 trip detection logic).

The DTC is designed to monitor the idle air control at cold start. When the engine is started at an engine coolant temperature of less than 50°C (122°F), the ECM measures the accumulated mass air flow during engine idling. If the accumulated mass air flow does not reach the specified level within 10 seconds, the ECM interprets this as a malfunction. The MIL is illuminated and a DTC is stored when the malfunction is detected in consecutive driving cycles (2 trip detection logic).

The electronic throttle control system controls the idle speed. The electronic throttle control system operates the throttle actuator to open and close the throttle valve, and adjusts the intake air amount to achieve the target idle speed.

Note. When the negative (-) auxiliary battery terminal is disconnected during inspection or repairs, the idle speed control learned values are cleared. Idle speed control learning needs to be performed before this DTC can be stored. To perform idle speed control learning, the engine must be warmed up by allowing it to idle for 5 minutes. For idle speed control learning to be successful, when the engine is started to warm it up, there must be at least 10 seconds of idling with the coolant temperature below 50°C (122°F) before allowing it to continue running for the 5 minute learning period.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P050AInsufficient mass air flow at cold start (2 trip detection logic).Throttle body assembly Mass air flow meter sub-assembly PCV system Air cleaner filter element sub-assembly Intake system VVT system EGR valve assembly Wire harness or connector ECM

Scheme 116

Scheme 116

This monitor will run when the engine is started at an engine coolant temperature of -10 to 50°C (14 to 122°F). The DTC is stored after the engine idles for 13 seconds (2 trip detection logic).

The DTC is designed to monitor the ignition timing at cold start. When the engine is started at an engine coolant temperature of less than 50°C (122°F), the ECM checks the ignition timing during engine idling. If the ignition timing advances beyond the specified level within 10 seconds, the ECM interprets this as a malfunction. The MIL is illuminated and a DTC is stored when the malfunction is detected in consecutive driving cycles (2 trip detection logic).

Note. When the negative (-) auxiliary battery terminal is disconnected during inspection or repairs, the idle speed control learned values are cleared. Idle speed control learning needs to be performed before this DTC can be stored. To perform idle speed control learning, the engine must be warmed up by allowing it to idle for 5 minutes. For idle speed control learning to be successful, when the engine is started to warm it up, there must be at least 10 seconds of idling with the coolant temperature below 50°C (122°F) before allowing it to continue running for the 5 minute learning period.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P050BInsufficient ignition timing retard at cold start (2 trip detection logic)Throttle body assembly Mass air flow meter sub-assembly PCV system Air cleaner filter element sub-assembly Intake system VVT system EGR valve assembly Wire harness or connector ECM

Scheme 117

Scheme 117

The auxiliary battery supplies electricity to the ECM even when the power switch is off. This power allows the ECM to store data such as DTC history, freeze frame data and fuel trim values. If the auxiliary battery voltage falls below a minimum level, the memory is cleared and the ECM determines that there is a malfunction in the power supply circuit. The next time the engine is started, the ECM illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0560Open in ECM back up power source circuit (1 trip detection logic).Open in back up power source circuit Auxiliary battery Auxiliary battery terminals ECM

HINT

If DTC P0560 is stored, the ECM does not store other DTCs or the data stored in the ECM may be partly cleared.

The ECM continuously monitors its internal memory status. This self-check ensures that the ECM is functioning properly. It is diagnosed by internal "mirroring" of the main CPU and sub CPU to detect Random Access Memory (RAM) errors. If outputs from these CPUs are different and deviate from the standards, the ECM will illuminate the MIL and stores the DTC immediately.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0604ECM RAM errors (Main CPU and Sub CPU mirroring failure) (1 trip detection logic).ECM

The ECM continuously monitors its main and sub CPUs. This self-check ensures that the ECM is functioning properly. If outputs from the CPUs are different and deviate from the standards, the ECM will illuminate the MIL and stores the DTC immediately.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0606Either condition is met (1 trip detection logic): There is an ECM main CPU error There is an ECM sub CPU errorECM

The ECM continuously monitors its internal processors (CPUs) and heated oxygen sensor transistors. This self-check ensures that the ECM is functioning properly.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0607Either condition is met (1 trip detection logic): ECM CPUs malfunction Heated oxygen sensor transistor (built into the ECM) malfunctionsECM Heated oxygen sensor (sensor 2) Exhaust gas leak

The main CPU and sub CPU of the ECM communicate with each other. The main CPU monitors the communications and WDC pulses from the sub CPU. When the signal malfunctions below deviate, the DTC is stored.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P060AA CPU reset is performed after one of the following conditions is met (1 trip detection logic): There is an ECM main CPU error There is an ECM sub CPU error There is an electronic throttle monitoring CPU errorECM

This DTC is output when a communication error occurs in the ECM.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P060BECM main CPU communication error (1 trip detection logic).ECM Knock control sensor

The ECM monitors the input signals of the No. 1 throttle position sensor. When the ECM monitors the input signal of the No. 1 throttle position sensor, if the input signal and control signal deviate, the DTC is stored.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P060EEither of the following conditions is met (1 trip detection logic): There is an ECM main CPU error There is an ECM sub CPU errorECM

The ECM monitors its internal operation and stores this DTC when it detects an internal malfunction.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P062FAn ECM internal error (EEPROM) (1 trip detection logic).ECM

The ECM monitors its internal operation. If the internal operation is malfunctioning, the ECM illuminates the MIL and stores a DTC.

DTC P0630 is stored when the VIN is not stored in the ECM or the input VIN is not accurate. Input the VIN with the Techstream.

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0630Either condition is met (1 trip detection logic): VIN is not stored in ECM Input VIN in ECM is not accurateECM

The ECM monitors the output voltage to the throttle actuator. This self-check ensures that the ECM is functioning properly. The output voltage is usually 0 V when the power switch is turned off. If the output voltage is higher than 7 V when the power switch is turned off, the ECM will illuminate the MIL and stores the DTC the next time the power switch is turned on (IG).

DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0657Throttle actuator power supply error (1 trip detection logic).ECM
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P106AThe difference between the pressure of the canister pressure sensor (Vapor Pressure Pump*) and manifold absolute pressure sensor (MAP*) is higher than 7.442 kPa (55.82 mmHg) (2 trip detection logic).Canister pressure sensor (canister assembly) Manifold absolute pressure sensor

HINT

*: Data List Name

This DTC is designed to detect a deviation in the output characteristics of a pressure sensor.

The pressure of the canister pressure sensor and manifold absolute pressure sensor is monitored 55 minutes after the power switch is turned off. If there is a difference in the pressures, the MIL is illuminated (2 trip detection logic).

HINT

Correct judgment may not be possible when the altitude is 13124 ft (4000 m) or more.