Evaporative Emissions: Other Ford Econoline E150

THE EVAPORATIVE EMISSION (EVAP) SYSTEM

1. Prevents hydrocarbon emissions from reaching the atmosphere.
2. Stores fuel vapors in the evaporative emissions (EVAP) canister that are generated during vehicle operation or hot soak, until they can be consumed by the engine during normal engine operation.
3. Routes the stored fuel vapors to the engine during engine operation.
4. Is controlled by the powertrain control module (PCM) which uses various sensor inputs to calculate the desired amount of EVAP purge flow. The PCM regulates the purge flow, induced by the application of intake manifold vacuum, by varying the duty cycle applied to the canister purge valve.
5. Has an evaporative emission test port for test purposes.

THE EVAPORATIVE EMISSION (EVAP) SYSTEM TEST PORT

1. Is located near the EVAP canister purge valve.
2. Is used to connect the Evaporative Emission System Leak Tester to the EVAP system.

THE FUEL VAPORS ARE ROUTED

1. From the fuel tank through the fuel vapor vent valves.
2. To the evaporative emissions (EVAP) canister through a vapor line.
3. To the engine when the evaporative emission (EVAP) canister purge valve is opened by the powertrain control module (PCM).

1. Is located along the LH frame rail for vehicles with rear fuel tanks or on the rear crossmember for vehicles with a midship fuel tank.
2. Contains activated carbon.
3. Stores fuel vapors.

THE FUEL TANK PRESSURE (FTP) SENSOR

1. Monitors the pressure levels in the fuel tank.
2. Communicates the pressure reading to the PCM during the OBD II leak test.

THE FUEL TANK FILLER CAP

1. Relieves system vacuum below 3.5 kPa (15.09 inches H 2 O).

THE EVAPORATIVE EMISSION CANISTER PURGE VALVE

1. Is normally closed.
2. Regulates the purging of the EVAP canister.
3. Is controlled by the powertrain control module (PCM).

THE CANISTER VENT SOLENOID

1. Is normally open.
2. Seals the EVAP system for the OBD II leak and pressure tests.
3. Is mounted to the EVAP canister.
4. Is repaired as a separate item.

Scheme 75

Scheme 76

The EVAP canister purge valve is controlled by the powertrain control module (PCM). The EVAP canister purge valve controls the flow of fuel vapors from the EVAP canister to the engine intake manifold during various engine-operating modes. The EVAP canister purge valve is normally closed.

Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister

Fuel vapors from the fuel tank are stored in the EVAP canister. When the engine is running, the vapors are purged from the EVAP canister for combustion.

Canister Vent Solenoid

During the Evaporative Emission Running Loss System Test Monitor, Evaporative Emissions Repair Verification Drive Cycle and the Evaporative Emission System Leak Test the canister vent solenoid is closed to allow a vacuum to be drawn on the vapor management system. The canister vent solenoid is normally open.

Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP) Sensor

The fuel tank pressure sensor is used to measure the fuel tank pressure during the Evaporative Emissions monitor test. It is also used to control excessive fuel tank pressures by forcing the EVAP system to purge. The fuel tank pressure sensor can be either tank mounted or remotely mounted in the fuel vapor control valve tube as it crosses over the fuel tank.

Fuel Filler Pipe Check Valve

The fuel filler check valve is an integral part of the fuel tank. It is intended to prevent liquid fuel from reentering the fuel filler pipe from the fuel tank on refueling or rollover conditions.

When a fault occurs, the EVAP system monitor is reset to NO and a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is set in the PCM memory. After the DTC is repaired the vehicle drive cycle must be completed to reset the monitor in preparation for inspection and maintenance testing.

Phase 1 - Leak Verification

1. Connect the Rotunda Smoke Machine Leak Tester to the evaporative emission (EVAP) test port.
2. Close the canister vent solenoid. For additional information, refer to «CANISTER VENT SOLENOID CLOSING PROCEDURE»(ref-210151-S27931330822005121300000) .
3. Using the Rotunda Smoke Machine, pressurize the EVAP system.
4. Monitor the indicator flag on the Smoke Machine Tester. If the measurement is below the indicator flag, the system has passed the leak test and the test procedure is complete. If the measurement is above the indicator flag the system has failed the leak test. Proceed to Phase 2.

Phase 2 - System Leak Check

1. Introduce smoke from the Rotunda Smoke Machine into the EVAP system.
2. Use the halogen light provided with the Smoke Machine to look for smoke coming from the EVAP system. This will indicate a leak point.
3. Repair any leaks as necessary.
4. Repeat the leak test until the system passes.

Scheme 77

Drive Cycle Recommendations

Note. The following procedure is designed to execute and complete the evaporative emission repair verification drive cycle and to clear the Ford P1000, inspection and maintenance (I/M) readiness code. When the ambient air temperature is below 4.4°C (40°F) or above 37.8°C (100 °F), or the altitude is above 2,438 meters (8,000 feet), the EVAP monitor will not run. If the P1000 must be cleared in these conditions, the powertrain control module (PCM) must detect them once (twice on some applications) before the EVAP monitor can be bypassed and the P1000 cleared. The EVAP bypassing procedure is described in the following drive cycle.

1. Most OBD II monitors will complete more readily using a steady foot driving style during cruise or acceleration modes. Operating the throttle in a smooth fashion will minimize the time necessary for monitor completion.
2. Fuel tank level should be between one-half and three-quarters full with three-quarters full being the most desirable.
3. The evaporative monitor can only operate during the first 30 minutes of engine operation. When executing the procedure for this monitor, stay in part throttle mode and drive in a smooth fashion to minimize fuel slosh. NOTE: For best results, follow each of the following steps as accurately as possible.
4. Install the scan tool. Turn the key ON with the engine OFF. Cycle the key off, then on. Select the appropriate vehicle and engine qualifier. Clear all diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) and carry out a PCM reset.
5. Begin to monitor the following PIDs: ECT, EVAPDC, FLI (if available) and TP MODE. Press Diagnostic Data Link, PCM, PID/Data monitor and record, press trigger to select each PID, then start.
6. Start the engine without returning the key to the OFF position. WARNING: Strict observance of posted speed limits and attention to driving conditions are mandatory when proceeding through the following drive cycle.
7. Idle the vehicle for 15 seconds. Drive at 64 km/h (40 mph) until the ECT is at least 76.7 °C (170°F).
8. Is IAT above 4.4°C (40°F) and below 37.8°C (100°F)? If not, continue with the following steps but note that the EVAP Monitor Bypass portion of the drive cycle (Step 13) will be required to bypass the EVAP monitor and clear the P1000.
9. Cruise at 64 km/h (40 mph) for 60 seconds.
10. Cruise at 72 to 104 km/h (45 to 65 mph) for 10 minutes.
11. Bring the vehicle to a stop. Idle with the transmission in DRIVE (for automatic transmission) or NEUTRAL (for manual transmission) for two minutes.
12. Using the scan tool, check for pending codes. Conduct normal repair procedures for any pending code concerns. Rerun any incomplete monitor. EVAP MONITOR BYPASS
13. Park the vehicle for a minimum of eight hours. Repeat Steps 5 through 12.

Evaporative Emission Canister

MATERIALS

Evaporative Emission Canister Vent Solenoid

MATERIALS