Engine Control System (Diagnostics - Introduction): Diagnosis Scion tC II

HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING

HINT

*: Use the Techstream.

1. VEHICLE BROUGHT TO WORKSHOP NEXT: Go to next step
2. CUSTOMER PROBLEM ANALYSIS NEXT: Go to next step
3. CONNECT TECHSTREAM TO DLC3* HINT: If the display indicates a communication fault in the Techstream, inspect the DLC3. NEXT: Go to next step
4. CHECK DTC AND FREEZE FRAME DATA* Check DTC. Refer to «DTC CHECK / CLEAR»(ref-451061-S23674878372012020700000). Check freeze frame data. Refer to «FREEZE FRAME DATA»(ref-451061-S23860434312012020700000). HINT: Record or print DTCs and freeze frame data, if necessary. NEXT: Go to next step
5. CLEAR DTC AND FREEZE FRAME DATA* Clear the DTC. Refer to «DTC CHECK / CLEAR»(ref-451061-S23674878372012020700000). NEXT: Go to next step
6. CONDUCT VISUAL INSPECTION NEXT: Go to next step
7. SET CHECK MODE DIAGNOSIS* Switch the ECM from normal mode to check mode. Refer to «CHECK MODE PROCEDURE»(ref-451061-S13324553412012020700000). NEXT: Go to next step
8. CONFIRM PROBLEM SYMPTOMS Refer to "Problem Symptoms Table". Refer to «PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE»(ref-451061-S17066097812012020700000). HINT: If the engine does not start, first perform the "Check DTC" procedures and "Conduct Basic Inspection" procedures below. RESULT Result Proceed to Malfunction does not occur A Malfunction occurs B B --> GO TO STEP 10 A: Go to next step
9. SIMULATE SYMPTOMS NEXT: Go to next step
10. CHECK DTC* Check DTC. Refer to «DTC CHECK / CLEAR»(ref-451061-S23674878372012020700000). RESULT Result Proceed to Trouble code output A No code output B B --> GO TO STEP 12 A: Go to next step
11. REFER TO DTC CHART Refer to "Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart". Refer to «DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART»(ref-451061-S15337112142012020700000). NEXT --> GO TO STEP 14
12. CONDUCT BASIC INSPECTION Refer to "Basic Inspection". Refer to «BASIC INSPECTION»(ref-451061-S23369094692012020700000). RESULT Result Proceed to Malfunctioning parts not confirmed A Malfunctioning parts confirmed B B --> GO TO STEP 17 A: Go to next step
13. REFER TO PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE Refer to "Problem Symptoms Table". Refer to «PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE»(ref-451061-S17066097812012020700000). RESULT Result Proceed to Malfunctioning circuit confirmed A Malfunctioning parts confirmed B B --> GO TO STEP 17 A: Go to next step
14. CHECK ECM POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT Refer to "ECM Power Source Circuit". Refer to «ECM Power Source Circuit»(ref-451172-S01002187532012020700000). NEXT: Go to next step
15. CONDUCT CIRCUIT INSPECTION RESULT Result Proceed to Malfunction not confirmed A Malfunction confirmed B B --> GO TO STEP 18 A: Go to next step
16. CHECK FOR INTERMITTENT PROBLEMS Refer to "Check for Intermittent Problems". Refer to «CHECK FOR INTERMITTENT PROBLEMS»(ref-451061-S02913597072012020700000). NEXT --> GO TO STEP 18
17. CONDUCT PARTS INSPECTION NEXT: Go to next step
18. IDENTIFY PROBLEM NEXT: Go to next step
19. ADJUST AND/OR REPAIR NEXT: Go to next step
20. CONDUCT CONFIRMATION TEST NEXT --> END

BASIC INSPECTION

When a malfunction cannot be confirmed by the DTC check, troubleshooting should be carried out for all circuits considered to be possible causes of the problem. In many cases, by performing the basic engine check shown in the following flowchart, the location of the problem can be found quickly and efficiently. Therefore, using this check is essential when performing engine troubleshooting.

1. CHECK BATTERY VOLTAGE NOTE: Conduct this check with the engine stopped and the ignition switch off. RESULT Result Proceed to 11 V or higher OK Below 11 V NG NG --> CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY OK: Go to next step
2. CHECK WHETHER ENGINE WILL CRANK NG --> PROCEED TO PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE OK: Go to next step
3. CHECK WHETHER ENGINE STARTS NG --> GO TO STEP 6 OK: Go to next step
4. CHECK AIR FILTER Visually check that the air filter is not excessively contaminated with dirt or oil. NG --> REPLACE AIR FILTER OK: Go to next step
5. CHECK IDLING SPEED NG --> TROUBLESHOOT IDLING SPEED AND PROCEED TO NEXT STEP OK: Go to next step
6. CHECK FUEL PRESSURE NG --> TROUBLESHOOT FUEL PRESSURE AND PROCEED TO NEXT STEP OK: Go to next step
7. CHECK FOR SPARK NG --> TROUBLESHOOT SPARK AND PROCEED TO NEXT STEP OK --> PROCEED TO PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE

PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE

HINT

1. Use the table below to help determine the cause of problem symptoms. If multiple suspected areas are listed, the potential causes of the symptoms are listed in order of probability in the "Suspected Area" column of the table. Check each symptom by checking the suspected areas in the order they are listed. Replace parts as necessary.
2. Inspect the fuses and relays related to this system before inspecting the suspected areas below.

SFI SYSTEM

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1. CHECK ECM Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below. HINT: The standard voltage between each pair of ECM terminals is shown in the table below. The appropriate conditions for checking each pair of terminals are also indicated. The result of checks should be compared with the standard voltage for that pair of terminals, displayed in the "Specified Condition" column. The illustration above can be used as a reference to identify the ECM terminal locations. Terminal No. (Symbol) Wiring Color Terminal Description Condition Specified Condition A35-20 (BATT) - B30-104 (E1) P - BR Battery (for measuring battery voltage and for ECM memory) Always 11 to 14 V A35-3 (+BM) - B30-104 (E1) B - BR Power source of throttle actuator Always 11 to 14 V A35-28 (IGSW) - B30-104 (E1) B - BR Ignition switch Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V A35-2 (+B) - B30-104 (E1) L - BR Power source of ECM Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V A35-1 (+B2) - B30-104 (E1) B - BR Power source of ECM Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V B30-36 (OC1+) - B30-59 (OC1-) B - V Camshaft timing oil control valve (for Intake Side of Bank 1) Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 1) B30-35 (OE1+) - B30-58 (OE1-) G - L Camshaft timing oil control valve (for Exhaust Side of Bank 1) Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 1) A35-6 (MREL) - B30-104 (E1) L - BR EFI NO. 1 relay Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V B30-94 (VG) - B30-117 (E2G) V - B Mass air flow meter Idling, shift lever in P or N, A/C switch off 0.5 to 3.0 V B30-116 (THA) - B30-93 (ETHA) P - BR Intake air temperature sensor Idling, intake air temperature 20°C (68°F) 0.5 to 3.4 V B30-64 (THW) - B30-65 (ETHW) B - BR Engine coolant temperature sensor Idling, engine coolant temperature 80°C (176°F) 0.2 to 1.0 V B30-88 (VCTA) - B30-111 (ETA) G - R Power source of throttle position sensor (fixed voltage) Ignition switch ON 4.5 to 5.5 V B30-90 (VTA1) - B30-111 (ETA) LG - R Throttle position sensor (for engine control) Ignition switch ON, throttle valve fully closed 0.5 to 1.1 V Ignition switch ON, throttle valve fully open 3.2 to 4.8 V B30-89 (VTA2) - B30-111 (ETA) B - R Throttle position sensor (for sensor malfunction detection) Ignition switch ON, throttle valve fully closed 2.1 to 3.1 V Ignition switch ON, throttle valve fully open 4.6 to 5.0 V A35-55 (VPA) - A35-59 (EPA) L - R Accelerator pedal position sensor (for engine control) Ignition switch ON, accelerator pedal released 0.5 to 1.1 V Ignition switch ON, accelerator pedal fully depressed 2.6 to 4.5 V A35-56 (VPA2) - A35-60 (EPA2) Y - BE Accelerator pedal position sensor (for sensor malfunction detection) Ignition switch ON, accelerator pedal released 1.2 to 2.0 V Ignition switch ON, accelerator pedal fully depressed 3.4 to 5.3 V A35-57 (VCPA) - A35-59 (EPA) P - R Power source of accelerator pedal position sensor (for VPA) Ignition switch ON 4.5 to 5.5 V A35-58 (VCP2) - A35-60 (EPA2) B - BE Power source of accelerator pedal position sensor (for VPA2) Ignition switch ON 4.5 to 5.5 V B30-18 (HA1A) - B30-46 (E04) R - W-B Air fuel ratio sensor heater Idling with warm engine Pulse generation (See waveform 2) B30-18 (HA1A) - B30-46 (E04) R - W-B Air fuel ratio sensor heater Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V B30-103 (A1A+) - B30-104 (E1) B -BR Air fuel ratio sensor Ignition switch ON 3.3 V*1 B30-126 (A1A-) - B30-104 (E1) W - BR Air fuel ratio sensor Ignition switch ON 2.9 V*1 B30-41 (HT1B) - B30-86 (E03) P - BR Heated oxygen sensor heater Idling Below 3.0 V B30-41 (HT1B) - B30-86 (E03) P - BR Heated oxygen sensor heater Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V B30-125 (OX1B) - B30-102 (O1B-) B - W Heated oxygen sensor Engine speed maintained at 2500 rpm for 2 minutes after warming up sensor Pulse generation (See waveform 3) B30-85 (#10) - B30-109 (E01) V - BR Fuel injector Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 4) B30-84 (#20) - B30-109 (E01) Y - BR Fuel injector Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 4) B30-83 (#30) - B30-109 (E01) G - BR Fuel injector Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 4) B30-82 (#40) - B30-109 (E01) LG - BR Fuel injector Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 4) B30-87 (KNK1) - B30-110 (EKNK) B - W Knock sensor Engine speed maintained at 4000 rpm after warming up engine Pulse generation (See waveform 5) B30-76 (G2+) - B30-122 (G2-) B - G Camshaft position sensor (for intake side) Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 6) B30-75 (EV1+) - B30-121 (EV1-) B - G Camshaft position sensor (for exhaust side) Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 6) B30-74 (NE+) - B30-120 (NE-) G - R Crankshaft position sensor Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 6) B30-108 (IGT1) - B30-104 (E1) W - BR Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 7) B30-107 (IGT2) - B30-104 (E1) B - BR Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 7) B30-106 (IGT3) - B30-104 (E1) L - BR Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 7) B30-105 (IGT4) - B30-104 (E1) B - BR Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 7) B30-23 (IGF1) - B30-104 (E1) Y - BR Ignition coil (ignition confirmation signal) Ignition switch ON 4.5 to 5.5 V Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 7) B30-28 (PRG) - B30-104 (E1) L - BR Purge VSV Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V Idling, under purge control Pulse generation (See waveform 8) A35-15 (SPD) - B30-104 (E1) V - BR*2 R - BR*3 Speed signal from combination meter Driving at 20 km/h (12 mph) Pulse generation (See waveform 9) A35-48 (STA) - B30-104 (E1) GR - BR Starter signal Cranking 5.5 V or higher B30-47 (NSW) - B30-104 (E1)*3 B - BR Park/neutral position switch Ignition switch ON, shift lever not in P or N 11 to 14 V Ignition switch ON, shift lever in P or N Below 3.0 V A35-29 (STP) - B30-104 (E1) LG - BR Stop light switch Brake pedal depressed 7.5 to 14 V Brake pedal released Below 1.5 V A35-39 (ST1-) - B30-104 (E1) B - BR Stop light switch (opposite to voltage at STP terminal) Ignition switch ON, brake pedal depressed Below 1.5 V Ignition switch ON, brake pedal released 7.5 to 14 V B30-21 (M+) - B30-19 (ME01) P - W-B Throttle actuator Idling with warm engine Pulse generation (See waveform 10) B30-20 (M-) - B30-19 (ME01) L - W-B Throttle actuator Idling with warm engine Pulse generation (See waveform 11) A35-8 (FC) - B30-104 (E1) W - BR Fuel pump control Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V A35-36 (W) - B30-104 (E1) R - BR MIL Ignition switch ON Below 3.0 V Idling 11 to 14 V A35-7 (TC) - B30-104 (E1) P - BR Terminal TC of DLC3 Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V A35-26 (TACH) - B30-104 (E1) GR - BR Engine speed Idling Pulse generation (See waveform 12) A35-42 (VPMP) - B30-104 (E1) P - BR Vent valve (built into canister pump module) Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V A35-34 (MPMP) - B30-104 (E1) G - BR Leak detection pump (built into canister pump module) Leak detection pump off Below 3.0 V Leak detection pump on 11 to 14 V B30-99 (VCV1) - B30-104 (E1) L - BR Power source for sensor (fixed voltage) Ignition switch ON 4.5 to 5.5 V B30-98 (VCE1) - B30-104 (E1) L - BR Power source for sensor (fixed voltage) Ignition switch ON 4.5 to 5.5 V B30-113 (VCPP) - B30-112 (EPPM) Y - BR Power source for sensor (fixed voltage) Ignition switch ON 4.5 to 5.5 V B30-114 (PPMP) - B30-112 (EPPM) W - BR Canister pressure sensor (built into canister pump module) Ignition switch ON 3.3 to 4.0 V B30-39 (ALT) - B30-104 (E1) L - BR Generator Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V A35-13 (CANH) - B30-104 (E1) Y - BR CAN communication line Ignition switch ON Pulse generation (See waveform 13) A35-5 (CANL) - B30-104 (E1) W - BR CAN communication line Ignition switch ON Pulse generation (See waveform 14) A35-12 (CANP) - B30-104 (E1) W - BR CAN communication line Ignition switch ON Pulse generation (See waveform 13) A35-4 (CANN) - B30-104 (E1) G - BR CAN communication line Ignition switch ON Pulse generation (See waveform 14) B30-24 (CAN+) - B30-104 (E1) R - BR CAN communication line Ignition switch ON Pulse generation (See waveform 13) B30-1 (CAN-) - B30-104 (E1) G - BR CAN communication line Ignition switch ON Pulse generation (See waveform 14) B30-27 (ACIS) - B30-104 (E1) R - BR Vacuum switching valve for ACIS (Acoustic Control Induction System) operation signal Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V B30-4 (IA1+) - B30-109 (E01) R - BR DC motor for TCV Idling with cold engine Pulse generation (See waveform 15) B30-3 (IA1-) - B30-109 (E01) BR - BR DC motor for TCV Idling with cold engine Pulse generation (See waveform 16) B30-70 (IAC1) - B30-71 (EIA1) G - L TCV position sensor Ignition switch off to ON 3.0 to 4.0 V B30-72 (VCIA) - B30-104 (E1) B - BR Power source of TCV position sensor (specific voltage) Ignition switch ON 4.5 to 5.5 V A35-31 (ELS1) - B30-104 (E1) Y - BR Electric load Taillight switch on 7.5 to 14 V Taillight switch off Below 1.5 V A35-41 (ELS3) - B30-104 (E1) BE - BR Electric load Defogger switch on 7.5 to 14 V Defogger switch off Below 1.5 V A35-53 (NEO) - B30-104 (E1)*4 W - BR Engine speed signal sent to power management control ECU Idling with warm engine Pulse generation (See waveform 17) A35-51 (SFTD) - B30-104 (E1)*3 R - BR Down-shift position switch signal Ignition switch ON and shift lever in S 11 to 14 V Ignition switch ON and shift lever in "-" (down-shift) Below 1 V A35-16 (SFTU) - B30-104 (E1)*3 Y - BR Up-shift position switch signal Ignition switch ON and shift lever in S 11 to 14 V Ignition switch ON and shift lever in "+" (up-shift) Below 1 V A35-14 (S) - B30-104 (E1)*3 LG - BR S shift position switch signal Ignition switch ON and shift lever in S 11 to 14 V Ignition switch ON and shift lever not in S Below 1 V B30-33 (R) - B30-104 (E1)*3 R - BR Park/neutral position switch signal Ignition switch ON and shift lever in R 11 to 14 V Ignition switch ON and shift lever not in R Below 1 V B30-32 (P) - B30-104 (E1)*3 V - BR Park/neutral position switch signal Ignition switch ON and shift lever in P 11 to 14 V Ignition switch ON and shift lever not in P Below 1 V B30-34 (N) - B30-104 (E1)*3 B - BR Park/neutral position switch signal Ignition switch ON and shift lever in N 11 to 14 V Ignition switch ON and shift lever not in N Below 1 V B30-30 (D) - B30-104 (E1) G - BR Park/neutral position switch signal Ignition switch ON and shift lever in D 11 to 14 V Ignition switch ON and shift lever not in D Below 1 V *1: The ECM terminal voltage is constant regardless of the output voltage from the sensor. *2: for Manual Transaxle *3: for Automatic Transaxle *4: w/ Smart Key System Waveform 1: CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition B30-36 (OC1+) - B30-59 (OC1-) 5 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Idling B30-35 (OE1+) - B30-58 (OE1-) 5 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Idling Waveform 2: AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR HEATER Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition B30-18 (HA1A) - B30-46 (E04) 5 V/DIV., 10 msec./DIV. Idling with warm engine HINT: The wavelength varies in accordance with the engine operating conditions. Waveform 3: HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition B30-125 (OX1B) - B30-102 (O1B-) 0.2 V/DIV., 200 msec./DIV. Engine speed maintained at 2500 rpm for 2 minutes after warming up sensor HINT: In the Data List, item O2S B1 S2 shows the value from the heated oxygen sensor which is input to the ECM. Waveform 4: FUEL INJECTOR NO. 1 (TO NO. 4) INJECTION SIGNAL Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition B30-85 (#10) - B30-109 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling B30-84 (#20) - B30-109 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling B30-83 (#30) - B30-109 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling B30-82 (#40) - B30-109 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling HINT: The wavelength becomes shorter as the engine speed increases. Waveform 5: KNOCK SENSOR Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition B30-87 (KNK1) - B30-110 (EKNK) 1 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Engine speed maintained at 4000 rpm after warming up engine HINT: The wavelength becomes shorter as the engine speed increases. The waveforms and amplitudes displayed differ slightly depending on the vehicle. Waveform 6: CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR AND CAMSHAFT POSITION SENSOR Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition B30-74 (NE+) - B30-120 (NE-) 5 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling after engine warmed up B30-76 (G2+) - B30-122 (G2-) 5 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling after engine warmed up B30-75 (EV1+) - B30-121 (EV1-) 5 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling after engine warmed up HINT: The wavelength becomes shorter as the engine speed increases. Waveform 7: IGNITER IGT SIGNAL (FROM ECM TO IGNITER) AND IGNITER IGF SIGNAL (FROM IGNITER TO ECM) Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition (a) B30-108 (IGT1) - B30-104 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (a) B30-107 (IGT2) - B30-104 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (a) B30-106 (IGT3) - B30-104 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (a) B30-105 (IGT4) - B30-104 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (b) B30-23 (IGF1) - B30-104 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling HINT: The wavelength becomes shorter as the engine speed increases. Waveform 8: PURGE VSV Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition B30-28 (PRG) - B30-104 (E1) 10 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling, under purge control HINT: If the waveform is not similar to the illustration, check the waveform again after idling for 10 minutes or more. Waveform 9: VEHICLE SPEED SIGNAL Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition A35-15 (SPD) - B30-104 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Driving at 20 km/h (12 mph) HINT: The wavelength becomes shorter as the vehicle speed increases. Waveform 10: THROTTLE ACTUATOR POSITIVE TERMINAL Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition B30-21 (M+) - B30-19 (ME01) 5 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Idling with warm engine HINT: The duty ratio varies depending on the throttle actuator operation. Waveform 11: THROTTLE ACTUATOR NEGATIVE TERMINAL Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition B30-20 (M-) - B30-19 (ME01) 5 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Idling with warm engine HINT: The duty ratio varies depending on the throttle actuator operation. Waveform 12: ENGINE SPEED SIGNAL Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition A35-26 (TACH) - B30-104 (E1) 5 V/DIV., 10 msec./DIV. Idling HINT: The wavelength becomes shorter as the engine speed increases. Waveform 13: CAN COMMUNICATION SIGNAL (REFERENCE) Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition A35-13 (CANH) - B30-104 (E1) 1 V/DIV., 10 μsec./DIV. Engine stopped and ignition switch ON A35-12 (CANP) - B30-104 (E1) 1 V/DIV., 10 μsec./DIV. Engine stopped and ignition switch ON B30-24 (CAN+) - B30-104 (E1) 1 V/DIV., 10 μsec./DIV. Engine stopped and ignition switch ON HINT: The waveform varies depending on the CAN communication signal. Waveform 14: CAN COMMUNICATION SIGNAL (REFERENCE) Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition A35-5 (CANL) - B30-104 (E1) 1 V/DIV., 10 μsec./DIV. Engine stopped and ignition switch ON A35-4 (CANN) - B30-104 (E1) 1 V/DIV., 10 μsec./DIV. Engine stopped and ignition switch ON B30-1 (CAN-) - B30-104 (E1) 1 V/DIV., 10 μsec./DIV. Engine stopped and ignition switch ON HINT: The waveform varies depending on the CAN communication signal. Waveform 15: POSITIVE TERMINAL OF DC MOTOR FOR TCV Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition B30-4 (IA1+) - B30-109 (E01) 5 V/DIV, 1 ms/DIV Idling with cold engine Waveform 16: NEGATIVE TERMINAL OF DC MOTOR FOR TCV Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition B30-3 (IA1-) - B30-109 (E01) 5 V/DIV, 1 ms/DIV Idling with cold engine Waveform 17: ENGINE SPEED SIGNAL Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition A35-53 (NEO) - B30-104 (E1) 1 V/DIV., 2 ms./DIV. Idling with warm engine

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1. DESCRIPTION When troubleshooting OBD II (On-Board Diagnostics) vehicles, the Techstream (complying with SAE J1987) must be connected to the DLC3 (Data Link Connector 3) of the vehicle. Various data in the vehicle's ECM (Engine Control Module) can then be read. OBD II regulations require that the vehicle's on-board computer illuminate the MIL (Malfunction Indicator Lamp) on the instrument panel when the computer detects a malfunction in: The emission control system components. The powertrain control components which affect vehicle emissions. The computer itself. In addition, the applicable DTCs prescribed by SAE J2012 are stored in the ECM memory. If the malfunction does not recur in 3 consecutive trips, the MIL turns off automatically but the DTCs remain stored in the ECM memory. To check the DTCs, connect the Techstream to the DLC3. The Techstream displays DTCs, freeze frame data, and a variety of engine data. The DTCs and freeze frame data can be cleared with the Techstream. In order to enhance OBD function on vehicles and develop the Off-Board diagnosis system, Controller Area Network (CAN) communication is used in this system. CAN is a network which uses a pair of data transmission lines spanning multiple ECUs and sensors. It allows for high speed communications between the systems and simplification of the wire harness connections.
2. NORMAL MODE AND CHECK MODE The diagnosis system operates in normal mode during normal vehicle use. In normal mode, 2 trip detection logic is used to ensure accurate detection of malfunctions. Check mode is also available as an option for technicians. In check mode, 1 trip detection logic is used to increase the system's ability to detect malfunctions, including intermittent problems, when simulating malfunction symptoms (Techstream only).
3. 2 TRIP DETECTION LOGIC When a malfunction is first detected, a DTC is temporarily stored in the ECM memory (1st trip). If the same malfunction is detected during the next subsequent drive cycle, the MIL is illuminated (2nd trip).
4. DLC3 (Data Link Connector 3) Check the DLC3. Refer to «GENERAL INFORMATION»(ref-451050-S39346181752012020700000).
5. BATTERY VOLTAGE Standard voltage 11 to 14 V If voltage is below 11 V, replace or recharge the battery before proceeding.
6. MIL (Malfunction Indicator Lamp) The MIL is illuminated when the ignition switch is first turned to ON (the engine is not running). The MIL should turn off when the engine is started. If the MIL remains illuminated, the diagnosis system has detected a malfunction or abnormality in the system. HINT: If the MIL is not illuminated when the ignition switch is first turned to ON, check the MIL circuit. Refer to «MIL Circuit»(ref-451172-S41623247702012020700000).
7. ALL READINESS HINT: With "All Readiness", you can check whether or not the DTC judgment has been completed by using the Techstream. Check "All Readiness" after simulating malfunction symptoms or for validation after finishing repairs. Connect the Techstream to the DLC3. Turn the ignition switch to ON. Turn the Techstream on. Clear the DTCs. Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds. Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the Techstream on. Perform the DTC judgment driving pattern to run the DTC judgment. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Utility / All Readiness. Input the DTCs to be confirmed. Check the DTC judgment result. TECHSTREAM Techstream Display Description NORMAL DTC judgment completed System normal ABNORMAL DTC judgment completed System abnormal INCOMPLETE DTC judgment not completed Perform driving pattern after confirming DTC enabling conditions UNKNOWN Unable to perform DTC judgment Number of DTCs which do not fulfill DTC preconditions has reached ECU memory limit

DTC CHECK / CLEAR

Note. When the diagnosis system is changed from normal mode to check mode or vice versa, all DTCs and freeze frame data stored in normal mode are cleared. Before changing modes, always check and make a note of DTCs and freeze frame data.

HINT

1. DTCs which are stored in the ECM can be output to the Techstream. The Techstream can display the current, pending and permanent DTCs.
2. If a malfunction is detected during the current driving cycle, current and permanent DTCs are stored.
3. Some DTCs are not stored if the ECM does not detect the same malfunction again during a second consecutive driving cycle. However, such malfunctions, detected on only one occasion, are stored as pending DTCs.
4. Current and pending DTCs can be cleared by using the Techstream or by disconnecting the cable from the negative battery terminal. However, permanent DTCs cannot be cleared using either of these two methods.
5. After clearing current DTCs using the Techstream (or by disconnecting the cable from the negative battery terminal), permanent DTCs can be cleared when the system is determined to be normal for the relevant DTCs and then the universal trip is performed. The driving pattern to obtain a normal judgment is described under the "Confirmation Driving Pattern" for the respective DTC.

2 TRIP DETECTION EXAMPLES

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HINT

1. Obtaining a normal judgment and performing a universal trip driving pattern can be done in the same driving cycle or in different driving cycles.
2. It is unnecessary to obtain a normal judgment if the DTCs are misfire or fuel system DTCs.

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1. CHECK DTC Connect the Techstream to the DLC3. Turn the ignition switch to ON. Turn the Techstream on. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Trouble Codes. Check the DTCs and freeze frame data, and then write them down. Check the details of the DTCs. Refer to «DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART»(ref-451061-S15337112142012020700000).
2. CLEAR DTC (Pending and Current DTC using Techstream) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3. Turn the ignition switch to ON. Turn the Techstream on. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Trouble Codes. Clear the DTCs.
3. CLEAR DTC (Pending and Current DTC without using Techstream) Perform either of the following operations: Disconnect the cable from the negative (-) battery terminal for more than 1 minute. Remove the EFI NO. 1 and ETCS fuses from the engine room relay block located inside the engine compartment for more than 1 minute.
4. CLEAR PERMANENT DTC HINT: Even if the following procedure is not performed, permanent DTCs are cleared by obtaining a normal judgment during 3 consecutive driving cycles. Connect the Techstream to the DLC3. Turn the ignition switch to ON. Turn the Techstream on. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Trouble Codes. Check if permanent DTCs are stored. HINT: If permanent DTCs are not output, it is not necessary to continue this procedure. Clear the DTCs. Perform the respective confirmation driving patterns in order to obtain a normal judgment for the output DTCs. HINT: Confirmation driving patterns do not need to be performed for misfire and fuel system DTCs. For the confirmation driving pattern, refer to the procedures for the relevant DTC. Refer to «DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART»(ref-451061-S15337112142012020700000). Perform the universal trip. HINT: The driving pattern to obtain a normal judgment and the universal trip driving pattern can be performed consecutively in the same driving cycle. Idle the engine for 30 seconds or more. Drive the vehicle at 40 km/h (25 mph) or more for a total of 5 minutes or more. HINT: It is possible to complete the driving pattern even if the vehicle decelerates to less than 40 km/h (25 mph) during the driving cycle provided that the vehicle is driven at 40 km/h (25 mph) or more for a total of 5 minutes. Allow 10 minutes or more to elapse from the time the engine is started. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Trouble Codes. Check that the permanent DTCs have been cleared. HINT: The permanent DTCs are cleared when the universal trip is completed.

Scheme 23

1. DESCRIPTION The ECM records vehicle and driving condition information as freeze frame data the moment a DTC is stored. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can be helpful in determining whether the vehicle was moving or stationary, whether the engine was warmed up or not, whether the air-fuel ratio was lean or rich, as well as other data recorded at the time of a malfunction. Freeze frame data records the engine conditions (fuel system information, calculated load, engine coolant temperature, fuel trim, engine speed, vehicle speed, etc.) when a malfunction is detected. HINT: If it is impossible to duplicate the problem even though a DTC is output, check the freeze frame data. The ECM records engine conditions in the form of freeze frame data every 0.5 seconds. Using the Techstream, 5 separate sets of freeze frame data can be checked. 3 data sets from before the DTC was stored 1 data set from when the DTC was stored 1 data set from after the DTC was stored These data sets can be used to simulate the condition of the vehicle from around the time of the occurrence of the malfunction. The data may assist in identifying the cause of the malfunction, and in judging whether it was temporary or not.
2. LIST OF FREEZE FRAME DATA Refer to "Data List / Active Test". Refer to «DATA LIST / ACTIVE TEST»(ref-451061-S12130890322012020700000).

DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART

HINT

Factors such as instrument type may cause readings to differ slightly from the stated values. If any DTCs are output during a check mode DTC check, check the trouble area for the DTCs listed in the table below. For details of each DTC, refer to the "See" indicated.

*1: The MIL flashes when catalyst-damaging misfire is detected.

SFI SYSTEM

See also:
• ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION - Step 1
• ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION - Step 1
• ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION - Step 2