Engine Controls - System & Component Testing: Other Kia Spectra I

ENGINE CONTROL MODULE (ECM)

ECM LOCATION

1. Using a voltmeter, check for battery voltage at power terminals listed in table by application. Turn ignition on. Check for battery voltage at Ignition terminals. Turn ignition off. Using a voltmeter, check for battery voltage between power supply and ground terminals. See «ECM POWER & GROUND TERMINALS»(ref-12022-S13370046692000120400000) table. ECM POWER & GROUND TERMINALS Model (1) Terminals No. Optima & Magentis (Canadian) 2.4L (A/T) Power B1, B7, B26, C28 Ground B2, B8, C27 Optima & Magentis (Canadian) 2.4L (M/T) Power A12, A25, D12 Ground A13, A26, D22 Optima & Magentis (Canadian) 2.5L Power V1, V7 Ground V4, V5, V6 Rio Power B01; 1, 7, 8, 9 Ground B01; 4, 5, 6 Sephia & Spectra Power 26, 54, 58 Ground 6, 28, 34, 55 Sportage Power 26, 54, 58 Ground 6, 28, 34, 55 (1) For circuit identification, see WIRING DIAGRAMS article. For connector views (Scheme 42)- (Scheme 46).
2. If battery voltage is not present, check appropriate fuses. Check ECM B+ fuses, FUEL INJ fuses and IGN COILS fuses in engine or passenger compartment fuse/relay boxes. Replace fuse(s) as necessary and check for cause of blown fuse. If fuses are okay, check EGI main relay. See «RELAYS»(ref-12022-S00932969502000120400000) under RELAYS & SOLENOIDS. If relay is okay, locate and repair open between main relay and ECM connector.

Scheme 42

Scheme 43

Scheme 44

Scheme 45

Scheme 46

Optima & Magentis (Canadian)

1. Disconnect brake pedal switch 4-pin connector. Measure resistance between brake pedal switch terminals No. 1 and 2 (Light blue wire and Orange wire). With brake pedal released, there should be no continuity. With brake pedal depressed, there should be continuity. Replace switch as necessary.

Rio

1. Disconnect brake pedal switch 4-pin connector. Measure resistance between brake pedal switch terminals No. 1 and 2 (Brown/Red wire and Red/Black wire). With brake pedal released, there should be no continuity. With brake pedal depressed, there should be continuity. Replace switch as necessary.

Sephia & Spectra

1. Disconnect brake pedal switch 4-pin connector. Measure resistance between brake pedal switch terminals No. 1 and 4 (Pink/Black wire and Red/Black wire). With brake pedal released, there should be no continuity. With brake pedal depressed, there should be continuity.
2. Measure resistance between brake pedal switch terminals No. 2 and 3 (Blue wire and Brown/Red wire). With brake pedal released, there should be continuity. With brake pedal depressed, there should be no continuity. Replace switch as necessary.

Sportage

1. Disconnect brake pedal switch 4-pin connector. Measure resistance between brake pedal switch terminals No. 2 and 3 (Yellow wire and Orange wire). With brake pedal released, there should be no continuity. With brake pedal depressed, there should be continuity.
2. Measure resistance between brake pedal switch terminals No. 1 and 4 (Blue wire and Gray wire). With brake pedal released, there should be continuity. With brake pedal depressed, there should be no continuity. Replace switch as necessary.

Note. DO NOT use OBD-II Data Link Connector (OBD-II DLC) for lab scope power source as this will affect waveform.

Set lab scope time to 20 milliseconds and voltage to 5 volts. Start engine and allow it to reach normal operating temperature. With engine at idle, compare CMP sensor waveform to normal CMP sensor waveform. (Scheme 47) Connect lab scope as follows

1. On 2.4L (A/T) connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector B01 terminal No. B16 (Black wire). (Scheme 42) Connect lab scope negative probe to ground.
2. On 2.4L (M/T) connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector B01 terminal No. D18 (Black wire). (Scheme 43) Connect lab scope negative probe to ground.
3. On 2.5L, connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector B01 terminal No. F7 (Black wire). (Scheme 44) Connect lab scope negative probe to ECM connector B01 terminal No. F8 (Black/White wire).

If waveform is erratic, replace CMP sensor.

Typical Cam Sensor and Crank Sensor Signals. Scheme 47

Note. DO NOT use OBD-II Data Link Connector (OBD-II DLC) for lab scope power source as this will affect waveform.

Connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector B04 terminal No. 18 (Red/Black wire). (Scheme 45) Connect lab scope negative probe to ground. Set lab scope time to 50 milliseconds and voltage to 5 volts. Start engine and allow it to reach normal operating temperature. With engine at idle, compare CMP sensor waveform to normal CMP sensor waveform. (Scheme 47) If waveform is erratic, replace CMP sensor.

Note. DO NOT use OBD-II Data Link Connector (OBD-II DLC) for lab scope power source as this will affect waveform.

Connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector terminal No. 44 (Blue/Red wire). (Scheme 46) Connect lab scope negative probe to ground. Set lab scope time to 50 milliseconds and voltage to 5 volts. Start engine and allow it to reach normal operating temperature. With engine at idle, compare CMP sensor waveform to normal CMP sensor waveform. (Scheme 47) If waveform is erratic, replace CMP sensor.

Note. DO NOT use OBD-II DLC for lab scope power source as this will affect waveform.

Connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector terminal No. 44 (White/Red wire). (Scheme 46) Connect lab scope negative probe to ground. Set lab scope time to 50 milliseconds and voltage to 5 volts. Start engine and allow it to reach normal operating temperature. With engine at idle, compare CMP sensor waveform to normal CMP sensor waveform. (Scheme 47) If waveform is erratic, replace CMP sensor.

CHASSIS ACCELERATION SENSOR

On Sephia and Spectra, Chassis Acceleration Sensor (CAS) is located in right side of engine compartment, behind strut tower. On Sportage, CAS is located in right rear engine compartment, below starter. Turn ignition on. On Sephia, backprobe and measure voltage between CAS connector terminal No. 3 (Red/Black wire) and ground. On Sportage, backprobe and measure voltage between CAS connector terminal No. 3 (Blue/Green wire) and ground. Check for voltage spike (less than one volt) while tapping CAS bracket. If no voltage spike is observed, replace sensor.

CLUTCH PEDAL POSITION SWITCH

Disconnect Clutch Pedal Position Switch (CPP) switch connector. Check continuity between CPP switch terminals. With clutch pedal depressed, there should be continuity. With clutch pedal released, there should not be continuity. Replace CPP switch as necessary.

Note. DO NOT use OBD-II Data Link Connector (OBD-II DLC) for lab scope power source as this will affect waveform.

Set lab scope time to 50 milliseconds and voltage to 5 volts. Start engine and allow it to reach normal operating temperature. With engine at idle, compare CKP sensor waveform to normal CKP sensor waveform. (Scheme 47)or (Scheme 48). Connect lab scope as follows

1. On 2.4L (A/T) backprobing connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector B01 terminal No. B5 (Yellow wire). (Scheme 42) Connect lab scope negative probe to ground.
2. On 2.4L (M/T) backprobing connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector B01 terminal No. D19 (Yellow wire). (Scheme 43) Connect lab scope negative probe to ground.
3. On 2.5L, backprobing connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector B01 terminal No. M8 (Yellow wire). Connect lab scope negative probe to ECM connector B01 terminal No. M21 (Black/White wire). (Scheme 44)

If waveform is erratic, replace CKP sensor.

Typical Cam Sensor and Crank Sensor Signals (Optima & Magentis (Canadian) 2.5L). Scheme 48

Note. DO NOT use OBD-II Data Link Connector (OBD-II DLC) for lab scope power source, as this will affect waveform.

Backprobing connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector B04 terminal No. 20 (White wire). Connect lab scope negative probe to ECM connector B04 terminal No. 10 (Green wire). (Scheme 45) Start engine and allow it to reach normal operating temperature. With engine at idle, observe CKP waveform. Compare to normal waveform. (Scheme 47) If CKP sensor waveform is erratic, replace CKP sensor.

Note. DO NOT use OBD-II Data Link Connector (OBD-II DLC) for lab scope power source, as this will affect waveform.

Backprobing connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector terminal No. 16 (Blue/Orange wire). Connect lab scope negative probe to ECM connector terminal No. 43 (Green/Orange wire). (Scheme 46) Start engine and allow it to reach normal operating temperature. With engine at idle, observe CKP waveform. Compare to normal waveform. (Scheme 47) If CKP sensor waveform is erratic, replace CKP sensor.

Note. DO NOT use OBD-II Data Link Connector (OBD-II DLC) for lab scope power source as this will affect waveform.

Backprobing connect lab scope positive probe to ECM connector terminal No. 16 (Yellow/Green wire). (Scheme 46) Connect lab scope negative probe to ECM connector terminal No. 43 (Yellow/Blue wire). Start engine and allow it to reach normal operating temperature. With engine at idle, observe CKP waveform. Compare to normal waveform. (Scheme 47) If CKP sensor waveform is erratic, replace CKP sensor.

ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE (ECT) SENSOR

Remove ECT sensor. Place sensor and thermometer in container of water. Measure resistance between ECT sensor terminals. Slowly heat water. Note resistance at specified temperatures. See ECT SENSOR RESISTANCE SPECIFICATIONS table. Replace ECT sensor as necessary.

ECT SENSOR RESISTANCE SPECIFICATIONS

Note. For circuit identification, see WIRING DIAGRAMS article. For connector views, see TERMINAL IDENTIFICATION in appropriate SELF-DIAGNOSTICS article, unless otherwise noted.

Note. Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) heater resistance will vary depending on temperature. In some instances, temperature value is not given by manufacturer.

1. On 2.4L, disconnect front or rear HO2S 4-pin connector. Measure resistance between front HO2S connector terminals No. 3 (Pink wire) and terminals No. 4 (Black wire) component side or rear HO2S connector terminals No. 3 and 4 (Pink wires) component side. (Scheme 49) Front HO2S heater resistance should be about 11-14 ohms. Rear HO2S heater resistance should be 7-9 ohms.
2. Connect HO2S connector. Start and run engine at normal operating temperature for at least 10 minutes. Using scan tool, lab scope or voltmeter, monitor appropriate HO2S signal. If using voltmeter or lab scope, connect positive lead to front HO2S connector terminal No. 2 (Tan wire) or to rear HO2S connector terminal No. 2 (Tan wire). Connect negative lead to ground. HO2S signal should switch from lean to rich, or rich to lean, at least 3 times every 10 seconds. Front HO2S signal should switch between 0-1 volt. Rear HO2S signal should switch between.6-.8 volt. If HO2S is not as specified, replace HO2S.
3. On 2.5L, disconnect front or rear HO2S 4-pin connector. Measure resistance between front HO2S connector terminals No. 3 and 4 (Pink wires - component side) or rear HO2S connector terminals No. 3 and 4 (Pink wires - component side). (Scheme 49) HO2S heater resistance should be between 3-6 ohms at 68°F (20°C).
4. Connect HO2S connector. Start and run engine at normal operating temperature for at least 10 minutes. Using scan tool, lab scope or voltmeter, monitor appropriate HO2S signal. If using voltmeter or lab scope, connect positive lead to front right HO2S connector terminal No. 2 (Violet wire) or front left HO2S connector terminal No. 2 (Yellow wire). Connect negative lead to ground. On rear HO2S, connect positive lead to right rear HO2S connector terminal No. 2 (Tan wire) or to left rear HO2S connector terminal No. 2 (Violet/White wire). Signal should switch from lean to rich, or rich to lean, at least 3 times every 10 seconds. Front HO2S signal should switch between 0-1 volt. Rear HO2S signal should switch between.6-.9 volt. If HO2S is not as specified, replace HO2S.

Scheme 49

1. Disconnect front or rear HO2S 4-pin connector. Measure resistance between front HO2S connector terminals No. 2 and 4 (Green wire and Red/Black wire - component side) or rear HO2S connector terminals No. 2 and 4 (Green/Red wire and Red/Black wire - component side). (Scheme 49) HO2S heater resistance should be between 3-6 ohms at 68°F (20°C).
2. Connect HO2S connector. Start and run engine at normal operating temperature for at least 10 minutes. Using scan tool, lab scope or voltmeter, monitor appropriate HO2S signal. If using voltmeter or lab scope, connect positive lead to front HO2S connector terminal No. 1 (Yellow/Green wire) or to rear HO2S connector terminal No. 1 (Lightgreen/Red wire). Connect negative lead to ground. HO2S signal should switch from lean to rich, or rich to lean, at least 3 times every 10 seconds. Front HO2S signal should switch between 0-1 volt. Rear HO2S signal should switch between.6-.9 volt. If HO2S is not as specified, replace HO2S.

1. Disconnect front or rear HO2S 4-pin connector. Measure resistance between front HO2S connector terminals No. 1 and 3 (Pink wire and Green/Black wire - component side) or rear HO2S connector terminals No. 1 and 3 (Pink wire and Green/Red wire - component side). (Scheme 49) HO2S heater resistance should be about 6 ohms at 68°F (20°C).
2. Connect HO2S connector. Start and run engine at normal operating temperature for at least 10 minutes. Using scan tool, lab scope or voltmeter, monitor appropriate HO2S signal. If using voltmeter or lab scope, connect positive lead to front HO2S connector terminal No. 4 (Green/Brown wire) or to rear HO2S connector terminal No. 4 (Green/White wire). Connect negative lead to ground. HO2S signal should switch from lean to rich, or rich to lean, at least 3 times every 10 seconds. Front HO2S signal should switch between 0-1 volt. Rear HO2S signal should switch between.6-.8 volt. If HO2S is not as specified, replace HO2S.

1. Disconnect front or rear HO2S 4-pin connector. Measure resistance between front or rear HO2S connector terminals No. 1 and 3 (White wires - component side). (Scheme 49) HO2S heater resistance should be about 5 ohms at 68°F (20°C).
2. Connect HO2S connector. Start and run engine at normal operating temperature for at least 10 minutes. Using scan tool, lab scope or voltmeter, monitor appropriate HO2S signal. If using voltmeter or lab scope, connect positive lead to front HO2S connector terminal No. 4 (Yellow/White wire) or to rear HO2S connector terminal No. 4 (Blue wire). HO2S signal should switch from lean to rich, or rich to lean, at least 3 times every 10 seconds. Front HO2S signal should switch between.1-.9 volts. Rear signal should switch between.6-.7 volts. If HO2S is not as specified, replace HO2S.

INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE (IAT) SENSOR

Note. Sephia & Spectra, IAT sensor component testing not available from manufacturer. For IAT sensor system testing, see TEST P0112: IAT CIRCUIT LOW INPUT or TEST P0113: IAT CIRCUIT HIGH INPUT in SELF-DIAGNOSTICS - SEPHIA & SPECTRA article.

On Optima & Magentis (Canadian) 2.5L and Rio, disconnect IAT sensor 2-pin connector. Located in intake manifold. Measure resistance between IAT sensor terminals. Resistance should be 2.21-2.82 k/ohms at 68°F (20°C). Sportage, IAT sensor is located on air cleaner assembly. Disconnect IAT sensor 2-pin connector. Measure resistance between IAT sensor terminals. Resistance should be 2.21-2.69 k/ohms at 68°F (20°C). If resistance is not as specified, replace IAT sensor.

On 2.4L, knock sensor is located on left side of engine block. Disconnect 2 pin harness from sensor, measure resistance between terminals No. 1 and No. 2 component side. Resistance should be 4.38-5.36 k/ohms at 68°F (20°C). If resistance is not as specified, replace Knock sensor.

On 2.5L, there are 2 knock sensors, one on each side of block. Disconnect 3 pin harness from sensor, measure resistance between terminals No. 2 and No. 3 component side. Resistance should be 4.38-5.36 k/ohms at 68°F (20°C). If resistance is not as specified, replace Knock sensor.

Knock sensor is located on right side of engine block. Disconnect 2 pin harness from sensor, measure resistance between terminals No. 1 and No.2 component side. Resistance should be 4.38-5.36 k/ohms at 68°F (20°C). If resistance is not as specified, replace Knock sensor.

Remove knock sensor from engine. Mount knock sensor in jaws of bench vise. Connect voltmeter between knock sensor connector terminals No. 1 and 2 (Yellow/Blue wire and Yellow/Green wire). Using hammer, sharply rap on bench vise and check for voltage spike (less than one volt). If no voltage spike is observed, replace knock sensor.

Knock sensor is located on right side of engine, above oil filter. Turn ignition on. Backprobe and measure voltage between knock sensor connector terminal No. 1 (Yellow/Green wire) and ground. Tap engine crossmember bracket and check for voltage spike (less than one volt). If no voltage spike is observed, replace knock sensor.

MASS AIRFLOW SENSOR

Note. For circuit identification, see WIRING DIAGRAMS article. For connector views, see TERMINAL IDENTIFICATION in appropriate SELF-DIAGNOSTICS article, unless otherwise noted.

Warm up engine to normal operating temperature and let idle. Using DVOM to backprobe, measure voltage between following MAF sensor connector terminals and ground

1. On 2.4L, terminal No. 5 (Brown wire). At idle, voltage should be .4-.9 volts.
2. On 2.5L, terminal No. 2 (Yellow wire). At idle, voltage should be .4-.9 volts.

See COMPONENT LOCATIONS (OPTIMA & MAGENTIS (CANADIAN)) table under COMPONENT LOCATIONS. When engine is accelerated voltage should increase, at 2000 RPM voltage should be about 1.0 volts. If voltage is not as specified, replace MAF sensor.

Warm up engine to normal operating temperature and let idle. Backprobe and measure voltage between MAF sensor connector terminal No. 2 (Green/Blue wire) and ground. At idle, voltage should be .6-.8 volts. When engine is accelerated, voltage should be about 1.0 volts at 2000 RPM. If voltage is not as specified, replace MAF sensor.

Warm up engine to normal operating temperature and let idle. Backprobe and measure voltage between MAF sensor connector terminal No. 1 (Red/White wire) and ground. At idle, voltage should be .8-1.2 volts. When engine is accelerated, voltage should be about 1.0 volts at 2000 RPM. If voltage is not as specified, replace MAF sensor.

Warm up engine to normal operating temperature and let idle. Backprobe and measure voltage between MAF sensor connector terminal No. 4 (Red/Green wire) and ground. At idle, voltage should be .8-1.2 volts. When engine is accelerated, voltage should be about 1.0 volts at 2000 RPM. If voltage is not as specified, replace MAF sensor.

Power Steering Pressure Switch (Optima, Magentis (Canadian) & Rio)

Power Steering Pressure (PSP) switch closes in response to an increase in power steering fluid pressure (load condition). With switch closed, a monitored voltage circuit supplied by ECM is pulled low to vehicle ground through switch. ECM then sends a signal to ISC actuator to adjust idle speed to compensate for increased engine load.

1. Turn ignition off, disconnect power steering pressure switch connector located on power steering pump. Check for continuity between switch and chassis ground. Start engine continuity should not exist with wheels in straight-ahead position and engine idling. Continuity should exist when steering wheel is turned.
2. Turn engine off. Turn ignition switch to ON position. Measure voltage between switch connector and ground. If battery voltage is present, circuit is okay. If battery voltage is not present, repair circuit between switch and ECM.

Optima & Magentis (Canadian) (2.4L)

1. Turn ignition off. Measure resistance at component side between Throttle Position Sensor (TP) sensor connector terminals No. 1 (Blue wire) and No. 2 (Light Blue/Black wire). With throttle fully closed, resistance should be 3.5-6.5 k/ohms. As throttle is opened, resistance should smoothly increase linearly to 4.1-4.3 k/ohms at wide open throttle. If resistances are as specified, go to next step. If resistances are not as specified, replace TP sensor.
2. Connect TP sensor connector. Turn ignition on. Backprobe and measure voltage between TP sensor connector terminals No. 1 (Blue wire) and No. 3 (Black/White wire). With throttle fully closed voltage should be .3-.9 volts. With throttle wide open, voltage should be 4.0-4.8 volts. If voltages are not as specified, replace TP sensor.

Optima & Magentis (Canadian) (2.5L)

1. Turn ignition off. Measure resistance at component side between TP sensor connector terminals No. 2 (Black/White wire) and No. 3 (Green/White wire). With throttle fully closed, resistance should be 0.71-1.38 k/ohms. As throttle is opened, resistance should smoothly increase linearly to 2.2-3.4 k/ohms at wide open throttle. Next measure resistance at component side between TP sensor connector terminals No. 1 (Blue wire) and No.2 (Black/White wire). Resistance should be 1.6-2.4 k/ohms at all throttle positions. If resistances are as specified, go to next step. If resistances are not as specified, replace TP sensor.
2. Connect TP sensor connector. Turn ignition on. Backprobe and measure voltage between TP sensor connector terminals No. 1 (Blue wire) and No. 2 (Black/White wire). With throttle fully closed voltage should be .25-.8 volts. With throttle wide open, voltage should be 4.0-4.8 volts. If voltages are not as specified, replace TP sensor.

1. Turn ignition off. Measure resistance at component side between TP sensor connector terminals No. 2 (Blue/Green wire) and No. 3 (Blue/Orange wire). With throttle fully closed, resistance should be 1.6-2.4 k/ohms. As throttle is opened, resistance should smoothly increase linearly to 4.1-4.3 k/ohms at wide open throttle. If resistances are as specified, go to next step. If resistances are not as specified, replace TP sensor.
2. Connect TP sensor connector. Turn ignition on. Backprobe and measure voltage between TP sensor connector terminals No. 1 (White/Green) and No. 3 (Blue/Orange wire). With throttle fully closed voltage should be .2-.8 volts. With throttle wide open, voltage should be 4.0-4.8 volts. If voltages are not as specified, replace TP sensor.

1. Turn ignition off. Measure resistance at component side between TP sensor connector terminals No. 1 (Black/Green wire) and No. 3 (Blue/Orange wire). With throttle fully closed, resistance should be 1.6-2.4 k/ohms. As throttle is opened, resistance should smoothly increase linearly to 4.1-4.3 k/ohms at wide open throttle If resistances are as specified, go to next step. If resistances are not as specified, replace TP sensor.
2. Connect TP sensor connector. Turn ignition on. Backprobe and measure voltage between TP sensor connector terminals No. 1 (Black/Green wire) and No. 3 (Blue/Orange wire). With throttle fully closed voltage should be about .5 volts. With throttle wide open, voltage should be 4.1-4.3 volts. If voltages are not as specified, replace TP sensor.

1. Disconnect TP sensor 3-pin connector. Measure resistance at component side between TP sensor connector terminals No. 2 (Yellow/Green wire) and No. 3 (Yellow/Black wire). Resistance should be about 2.4 k/ohms with throttle closed and about one ohm with throttle wide open. If resistances are as specified, go to next step. If resistances are not as specified, replace TP sensor.
2. Connect TP sensor connector. Turn ignition on. Backprobe and measure voltage between TP sensor connector terminals No. 2 (Yellow/Green wire) and No. 3 (Yellow/Black wire). With throttle fully closed voltage should be about .5 volts. With throttle wide open, voltage should be about 4.1 volts. If voltages are not as specified, replace TP sensor.

TRANSMISSION RANGE SWITCH

Optima, Magentis (Canadian) and Rio, transmission range switch is located on top left of transaxle. Sephia and Spectra transmission range switch is located on top left of transaxle. Sportage 2WD transmission range switch is located on right side of transmission. Sportage 4WD transmission range switch is located at left rear of transfer case.

Disconnect battery negative cable. Disconnect transmission range switch connector. Using ohmmeter, check continuity of transmission range sensor. See TRANSMISSION RANGE SWITCH table. If sensor does not test as specified, adjust or repair as needed.

TRANSMISSION RANGE SWITCH

Scheme 50

Scheme 51

Scheme 52

Scheme 53

Remove Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) from rear of transmission at top of transaxle. Connect 3-10 k/ohm resistor (Scheme 54) Connect voltmeter between terminals No. 2 and 3. Spin shaft of VSS and check for voltage pulsations. There should be 4 voltage pulsations per revolution. If there are not 4 pulsations per revolution, replace VSS.

Scheme 54

VSS is mounted on transaxle. Raise and support vehicle. Block one drive wheel. Turn ignition on. Backprobe and measure voltage between VSS connector terminal No. 3 (Green/Orange) wire and ground while assistant spins free drive wheel. Voltage should toggle between 1-10 volts as wheel is rotated. If voltage does not toggle as specified, replace VSS.

VSS is mounted on transaxle. Raise and support vehicle. Block one drive wheel. Turn ignition on. Backprobe and measure voltage between VSS connector terminal No. 1 (Green/Orange wire - A/T) or No. 3 (Green/Orange wire - M/T) and ground while assistant spins free drive wheel. Voltage should toggle between 1-10 volts as wheel is rotated. If voltage does not toggle as specified, replace VSS.

1. On 2WD, VSS is mounted on right side of transmission. On 4WD, VSS is mounted at left rear (transfer case) side of transmission. Raise and support vehicle. Block one drive wheel.
2. Attach jumper wire between battery positive terminal and positive probe of Digital Volt-Ohmmeter (DVOM). Backprobe VSS connector terminal No. 1 (Blue/Black wire) with DVOM negative probe.
3. Turn ignition on. While assistant spins rear wheel, observe voltage. Voltage should toggle between 0-12 volts as wheel is rotated. If wheel does not change from 0-12 volts as wheel is turned, replace VSS.

RELAYS

Note. For circuit identification, see WIRING DIAGRAMS article.

ECM Control Relay (Optima & Magentis (Canadian) 2.4L)

1. Remove ECM control relay located in vehicle on right side of dash. (Scheme 55) Check for continuity between relay terminals No. 1 and No. 3. (Scheme 56) If continuity does not exist, go to next step. If continuity exists, replace relay.
2. Check for continuity between relay terminals No. 4 and No. 6. (Scheme 56) If continuity does not exist, go to next step. If continuity exists, replace relay.
3. Connect a jumper wire between positive battery terminal and relay terminal No. 5. Connect another jumper wire between negative battery terminal and relay terminal No. 7. Check continuity between relay terminals No. 1 and No. 3. Continuity should exist. If continuity does not exist, replace relay.
4. Connect a jumper wire between positive battery terminal and relay terminal No. 6. Connect another jumper wire between negative battery terminal and relay terminal No. 8. Check for battery voltage at terminal No. 4. Voltage should exist. If battery voltage does not exist, replace relay.

Scheme 55

Scheme 56

Fuel Pump & Main Relays (Optima & Magentis (Canadian) 2.5L)

Fuel pump and main relays are located in vehicle on right side of dash. Remove relays. Check relay according to application. (Scheme 55)

Use same procedure to check fuel pump or main relay.

1. Check for continuity between relay terminals No. 1 and No. 5. (Scheme 57) If continuity does not exist, go to next step. If continuity exists, replace relay.
2. Connect a jumper wire between positive battery terminal and relay terminal No. 4. Connect another jumper wire between negative battery terminal and relay terminal No. 2.
3. Check continuity between relay terminals No. 1 and No. 5. Continuity should exist. If continuity does not exist, replace relay.

Scheme 57

Fuel Pump & Main Relay (Rio)

Relays are found in fuse relay box, located on left side of engine compartment. Use same procedure to check both relays

1. Check for continuity between relay terminals No. 2 and No. 3. (Scheme 58) If continuity does not exist, go to next step. If continuity exists, replace relay.
2. Connect a jumper wire between positive battery terminal and relay terminal No. 1. Connect another jumper wire between negative battery terminal and relay terminal No. 4.
3. Check continuity between relay terminals No. 2 and No. 3. Continuity should exist. If continuity does not exist, replace relay.

Scheme 58

Fuel Pump & Main Relay (Sephia & Spectra)

Fuel pump and EGI main relays are located in engine compartment fuse/relay box. Remove relay. Check relay according to application.

1. Check for continuity between relay terminals No. 1 and 3. (Scheme 59) If continuity does not exist, go to next step. If continuity exists, replace relay.
2. Connect a jumper wire between positive battery terminal and relay terminal No. 2. Connect another jumper wire between negative battery terminal and relay terminal No. 4.
3. Check continuity between relay terminals No. 1 and 3. Continuity should exist. If continuity does not exist, replace relay.

Scheme 59

Main Relay (Sportage)

Main relay is located in engine compartment fuse/relay box. Remove relay. Check relay according to application.

1. Check for continuity between relay terminal No. 1 and terminal No. 3. (Scheme 60) If continuity exists, go to next step. If continuity does not exist, replace relay.
2. Check for continuity between relay terminal No. 2 and terminal No. 4. If continuity exists, replace relay. If continuity does not exist, go to next step.
3. Connect a jumper wire between positive battery terminal and relay terminal No. 4. Connect another jumper wire between negative battery terminal and relay terminal No. 2.
4. Check continuity between relay terminal No. 5 and terminal No. 3. and terminal No. 5 and terminal No. 1. Continuity should exist. If continuity does not exist, replace relay.

Scheme 60

Fuel Pump (Sportage)

Fuel pump relay is located in engine compartment fuse/relay box. Remove relay. Check relay according to application.

1. Check for continuity between relay terminal No. 2 and terminals No. 3 and 4. (Scheme 60) If continuity does not exist, go to next step. If continuity exists, replace relay.
2. Connect a jumper wire between positive battery terminal and relay terminal No. 5. Connect another jumper wire between negative battery terminal and relay terminal No. 1.
3. Check continuity between relay terminal No. 2 and terminals No. 3 and 4. Continuity should exist. If continuity does not exist, replace relay.

Canister Close Valve (CCV)

See CANISTER CLOSE VALVE under EMISSION SYSTEMS & SUB-SYSTEMS.

Fuel Injectors

Using stethoscope, listen for normal clicking sound at each fuel injector during idle and acceleration. If clicking sound is not heard, check fuel injector wiring circuit, or EGI main relay and circuit. For circuit identification, see WIRING DIAGRAMS article. For connector views, see TERMINAL IDENTIFICATION in appropriate SELF-DIAGNOSTICS article.

Fuel Injector Resistance

Disconnect fuel injector connector. Using ohmmeter, measure resistance between fuel injector terminals. If resistance is not as specified, replace fuel injector. See INJECTOR RESISTANCE table.

INJECTOR RESISTANCE

Purge Control Solenoid Valve

See FUEL EVAPORATION under EMISSION SYSTEMS & SUB-SYSTEMS.

FUEL DELIVERY

Note. For fuel system pressure testing, see BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES article.

Fuel Pump Relay

See RELAYS under RELAYS & SOLENOIDS.

See SOLENOIDS under RELAYS & SOLENOIDS.

Injector Fuel Leakage

See FUEL INJECTOR VOLUME TEST under FUEL INJECTORS under FUEL SYSTEM in BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES article.

IDLE AIR CONTROL (IAC) VALVE

Turn ignition off. Disconnect IAC 3-pin connector. Check resistance between terminals. See IDLE AIR CONTROL (IAC) VALVE RESISTANCES table. If resistances are not as specified, replace valve.

IDLE AIR CONTROL (IAC) VALVE RESISTANCES

IGNITION SYSTEM

Note. For basic ignition checks, see IGNITION CHECKS in BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES article. Timing and idle speed are controlled by Engine Control Module (ECM) and are not adjustable, but may be checked to see if control system is operating properly. For checking base timing and idle speed, see SERVICE & ADJUSTMENT SPECIFICATIONS article.

EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION VALVE

Perform Diagnostic test for DTC P0401/P0403. See appropriate SELF DIAGNOSTICS article. For component location, see COMPONENT LOCATIONS (OPTIMA & MAGENTIS (CANADIAN)) table under COMPONENT LOCATIONS.

EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION SOLENOID

Disconnect EGR solenoid electrical connector. Check resistance between EGR solenoid terminals. If resistance is not as specified, replace EGR solenoid. If resistance is as specified, go to next step. Using a fused jumper wire, connect battery voltage to terminal No.1, energize EGR solenoid by grounding terminal No. 2. Listen for operational sound (click). If operational sound is not heard, replace solenoid. See COMPONENT LOCATIONS (OPTIMA & MAGENTIS (CANADIAN)) table under COMPONENT LOCATIONS.

FUEL EVAPORATION

Note. For component identification and location, see VACUUM DIAGRAMS article.

Note. For DTC(s) related to evaporative emissions system, see appropriate SELF DIAGNOSTICS article

Canister Close Valve

1. Canister Close Valve (CCV) is located near EVAP canister. Measure resistance between CCV terminals. Resistance should be 24-25 ohms at 68° F (20° C). If resistance is not as specified, replace CCV.
2. Remove CCV. CCV should be open. Blow air into port "A" and verify air escapes from port "B". (Scheme 61) Close CCV by jumpering one CCV terminal to battery positive terminal. Jumper other CCV terminal to battery negative terminal. Blow air into port "A" and verify air does not escape from port "B". If air does not escape from port "B" when CCV is open and/or escapes when CCV is closed, replace CCV.

Scheme 61

Evaporative Emissions Canister

Check for loose, missing, cracked or broken connections and parts. Repair or replace as necessary. No liquid should exist in Evaporative Emissions Canister (EVAP) canister.

Fuel Cut Valve

Testing information not available from manufacturer.

Fuel Vent Valve

Testing information not available from manufacturer.

Check & Cut Valve (Sportage)

Located on frame near fuel tank. Testing information not available from manufacturer.

On-Board Refueling Vapor Recovery (Optima, Magentis (Canadian), Rio, Sephia & Spectra)

Located near fuel tank. Testing information not available from manufacturer. See appropriate SELF DIAGNOSTICS article, for related DTC testing.

Purge Solenoid Valve (Except Optima & Magentis (Canadian))

1. Measure resistance between Purge Solenoid Valve (PSV) connector terminals (component side). Resistance should be 24-28 ohms at 68°F (20°C). If resistance is not as specified, replace PSV.
2. Remove PSV. PSV should be closed. Blow air into port "A" and verify air does not escape from port "B". (Scheme 62) Open PSV by jumpering one PSV terminal to battery positive terminal. Jumper other PSV terminal to battery negative terminal. Blow air into port "A" and verify air escapes from port "B". If air escapes from port "B" when PSV is closed and/or does not escape when PSV is open, replace PSV.

Scheme 62

Purge Solenoid Valve (Optima & Magentis (Canadian))

1. Measure resistance between Purge Solenoid Valve (PSV) connector terminals (component side). Resistance should be 23-26 ohms at 68°F (20°C). If resistance is not as specified, replace PSV.
2. Remove PSV. PSV should be closed. (Scheme 63) Open PSV by jumpering one PSV terminal to battery positive terminal. Jumper other PSV terminal to battery negative terminal. Connect a vacuum pump to port that had red stripped vacuum hose on it. While applying vacuum, check to see vacuum is held when voltage is removed. If problem exist, replace PSV.

Scheme 63

Rollover Valve

Restricts fuel from entering evaporative system in a vehicle rollover. Located on top of fuel tank. Testing information not available from manufacturer.

Vapor Separator (Sportage)

Separator is located behind right rear wheelwell along fuel filler pipe. Raise and support vehicle. Remove right rear wheel. Check for loose, missing, cracked or broken connections and parts. Repair or replace as necessary.

Four Way Valve

Testing information not available from manufacturer.

Two Way Valve

Testing information not available from manufacturer.