Engine Controls - Introduction (except Diesel & Hybrid) (section 0)

Note. The descriptions and specifications contained in this service information were in effect at the time this information was approved for publication. Ford Motor Company reserves the right to discontinue models at any time, or change specifications or design without notice and without incurring obligation.

REPAIR TECHNIQUES

Appropriate service methods and procedures are essential for the safe, reliable operation of all motor vehicles as well as the personal safety of the individual doing the work. This service information provides general directions for performing service with tested, effective techniques. Following them will help assure reliability.

There are numerous variations in procedure, techniques, tools and parts for servicing vehicles, as well as in the skill of the individual doing the work. This service information cannot possibly anticipate all such variations and provide advice or cautions as to each. Accordingly, anyone who departs from the instructions provided in this service information must first establish that they compromise neither their personal safety nor the vehicle integrity by their choice of methods, tools or parts.

NOTE, NOTICE, CAUTION AND WARNING

As you read through this service information , you may come across a NOTE, NOTICE, CAUTION or WARNING. Each one is there for a specific purpose. A NOTE calls attention to unique, additional or essential information related to the subject procedure. A NOTICE identifies a hazard that could damage the vehicle or property. A CAUTION identifies a hazard that could result in minor personal injury to yourself or others. A WARNING identifies a hazard that could result in severe personal injury or death to yourself or others. Some general WARNINGS that you should follow when you work on a vehicle are listed below.

ALWAYS WEAR SAFETY GLASSES FOR EYE PROTECTION.
KEEP SOLVENTS AWAY FROM IGNITION SOURCES. SOLVENTS MAY BE FLAMMABLE AND COULD IGNITE OR EXPLODE IF NOT HANDLED CORRECTLY.
USE SAFETY STANDS WHENEVER A PROCEDURE REQUIRES YOU TO BE UNDER THE VEHICLE.
MAKE SURE THAT THE IGNITION SWITCH IS ALWAYS IN THE OFF POSITION, UNLESS OTHERWISE REQUIRED BY THE PROCEDURE.
SET THE PARKING BRAKE WHEN WORKING ON THE VEHICLE. IF YOU HAVE AN AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION, SET IN PARK UNLESS INSTRUCTED OTHERWISE FOR A SPECIFIC OPERATION. IF YOU HAVE A MANUAL TRANSMISSION, IT SHOULD BE IN REVERSE (ENGINE OFF) OR NEUTRAL (ENGINE ON) UNLESS INSTRUCTED OTHERWISE FOR A SPECIFIC OPERATION. PLACE WOOD BLOCKS (4" X 4" OR LARGER) OR WHEEL CHOCKS AGAINST THE FRONT AND REAR SURFACES OF THE TIRES TO HELP PREVENT THE VEHICLE FROM MOVING.
OPERATE THE ENGINE ONLY IN A WELL-VENTILATED AREA TO AVOID THE DANGER OF CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING.
KEEP YOURSELF AND YOUR CLOTHING AWAY FROM MOVING PARTS WHEN THE ENGINE IS RUNNING, ESPECIALLY THE DRIVE BELTS.
TO PREVENT SERIOUS BURNS, AVOID CONTACT WITH HOT METAL PARTS SUCH AS THE RADIATOR, EXHAUST MANIFOLD, TAIL PIPE, THREE-WAY CATALYTIC CONVERTER AND MUFFLER.
DO NOT SMOKE WHILE WORKING ON A VEHICLE.
TO AVOID INJURY, ALWAYS REMOVE RINGS, WATCHES, LOOSE HANGING JEWELRY AND LOOSE CLOTHING BEFORE BEGINNING TO WORK ON A VEHICLE.
WHEN IT IS NECESSARY TO WORK UNDER THE HOOD, KEEP HANDS AND OTHER OBJECTS CLEAR OF THE COOLING FAN BLADES!

Preface

This service information provides a step-by-step approach for diagnosing driveability, emission, and powertrain control system symptoms. Before beginning diagnosis, it may be helpful to refer to any Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs) or On-line Automotive Service Information System (OASIS) information when this is available. The TSB and OASIS information is available on either the Professional Technician Society (PTS) or Motorcraft® website.

This diagnostic service information is used in conjunction with service information and Wiring Diagrams . The appropriate Service Information articles provide additional diagnostic or component removal and installation information. The Wiring Diagrams provide vehicle specific wiring information, component, connector, and splice locations.

The following is a description of the information contained in each Section article of this service information .

Section 1: Description and Operation

This Section contains description and operation information on powertrain control systems and components and provides the technician with a general knowledge of the powertrain control system. Use this Section when general information about the powertrain control system is desired. For additional information, refer to ENGINE CONTROLS - DESCRIPTION & OPERATION (EXCEPT DIESEL & HYBRID) (SECTION 1) .

Section 2: Diagnostic Methods

This Section contains information on specific diagnostic tasks that are used during diagnosis. Descriptions of specific diagnostic methods are included, as well as detailed instructions on how to access or carry out the task. For additional information, refer to ENGINE CONTROLS - DIAGNOSTIC METHODS (EXCEPT DIESEL & HYBRID) (SECTION 2)

Section 3: Symptom Charts

All diagnosis begins in Section 3 with QT Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Quick Test. If the PCM Quick Test is completed and no diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) have been retrieved, the technician is directed to the NO DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCS) PRESENT SYMPTOM CHART INDEX in Section 3. The No Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) Present Symptom Chart Index contains the list of symptoms addressed in this service information , and directs the technician to the appropriate chart in the NO DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCS) PRESENT SYMPTOM CHARTS . If no PCM DTCs are present and the vehicle symptom is not listed in the No Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) Present Symptom Chart Index, the technician should go to the appropriate Service Information article to continue diagnosis.

Section 4: Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Charts and Descriptions

This Section contains the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Charts and Descriptions. These charts and descriptions are referenced if a DTC is retrieved in ENGINE CONTROLS - SYMPTOM CHARTS (EXCEPT DIESEL & HYBRID) (SECTION 3) . Also included in this information is the list of possible causes and diagnostic aids. For additional information, refer to ENGINE CONTROLS - POWERTRAIN DTC CHARTS & DESCRIPTIONS (EXCEPT DIESEL & HYBRID) (SECTION 4) .

Section 5: Pinpoint Tests

All pinpoint tests are included in this service information. Never enter a pinpoint test unless directed there. When directed to a pinpoint test, always read the information included at the beginning of the pinpoint test. For additional information, refer to ENGINE CONTROLS - PINPOINT TESTS (EXCEPT DIESEL & HYBRID) (SECTION 5) .

Section 6: Reference Values

This Section contains the Typical Diagnostic Reference Values charts. The technician is directed to these charts from Pinpoint Tests. For additional information, refer to ENGINE CONTROLS - REFERENCE VALUES (EXCEPT DIESEL & HYBRID) (SECTION 6) .

How to Use the Diagnostic Procedures

Use the information about the vehicle driveability or emission concerns to attempt to verify/recreate the symptom. Look for any vehicle modifications or aftermarket items that may contribute to the symptom. A check of any applicable TSBs or OASIS messages may be useful if this information is available.
Go to «ENGINE CONTROLS - SYMPTOM CHARTS (EXCEPT DIESEL & HYBRID) (SECTION 3)»(/ford/focus-st/iii-2012-2015/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-controls-symptom-charts-except-diesel-hybrid-section-3) , GO to Quick Test QT1 Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Quick Test. Carry out the PCM quick test steps. Follow any notes as directed.
If the PCM quick test is completed, no DTCs were retrieved, and no special notes applied, go to the «NO DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCS) PRESENT SYMPTOM CHART INDEX»(/ford/focus-st/iii-2012-2015/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-controls-symptom-charts-except-diesel-hybrid-section-3) .
Select the symptom that best describes the vehicle symptom (for multiple symptoms select the one that is most evident). Go to the «NO DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCS) PRESENT SYMPTOM CHARTS»(/ford/focus-st/iii-2012-2015/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-controls-symptom-charts-except-diesel-hybrid-section-3) as indicated. If no PCM DTCs are present and the vehicle symptom is not listed in the No Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) Present Symptom Chart Index, go to the appropriate Service Information article to continue diagnosis.
The No Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) Present Symptom Charts contain areas to be tested for diagnosis of the vehicle symptom. The chart is arranged to place the higher probability or easiest to test items toward the top of the chart. However, the technician is not required to follow this order due to reasons such as variations in vehicle type, vehicle repair history, or technician experience. The System/Component column indicates the areas that are tested. This column may also contain a quick system/component test. The Reference column indicates where to go for the System/Component testing. All references are to the beginning of a pinpoint test in «ENGINE CONTROLS - PINPOINT TESTS (EXCEPT DIESEL & HYBRID) (SECTION 5)»(/ford/focus-st/iii-2012-2015/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-controls-pinpoint-tests-except-diesel-hybrid-section-5) of this service information unless noted otherwise. If referred to a pinpoint test in this information or appropriate service information article , go to the procedures. Follow the directions given in those procedures, including directions to other tests or sections. If a damaged part is found, repair as directed. If no concern is found, and diagnosis in that area is complete, return to the «NO DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCS) PRESENT SYMPTOM CHARTS»(/ford/focus-st/iii-2012-2015/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-controls-symptom-charts-except-diesel-hybrid-section-3) to continue to the next item. If a quick system/component test is in the System/Component column, the Reference column indicates where to go if the test failed.
During diagnosis, if directed to test a system/component that is not contained on that vehicle, go to the next step.
If the No Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) Present Symptom Chart for the vehicle symptom is completed and no concern is found, return to the «NO DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCS) PRESENT SYMPTOM CHART INDEX»(/ford/focus-st/iii-2012-2015/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-controls-symptom-charts-except-diesel-hybrid-section-3) to address the next most prominent symptom. If all diagnosis is complete and no concern is found, it may be helpful to GO to «PINPOINT TEST Z»(/ford/focus-st/iii-2012-2015/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-controls-pinpoint-tests-except-diesel-hybrid-section-5) in ENGINE CONTROLS - PINPOINT TESTS (EXCEPT DIESEL & HYBRID) (SECTION 5) to continue diagnosis.
The installation of any new component that affects the PCM adaptive learning strategies (adaptive airflow, idle speed, refueling event, or fuel trim) requires the reset of keep alive memory (KAM). Refer to «RESETTING THE KEEP ALIVE MEMORY (KAM)»(/ford/focus-st/iii-2012-2015/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-controls-diagnostic-methods-except-diesel-hybrid-section-2) to reset the KAM.
After any repair, reconnect any components and remove any test equipment. Verify the vehicle is operating correctly and the original complaint is no longer present. If a DTC was present, clear the DTCs and repeat the self-test to verify the repair.
If a symptom is determined to be intermittent, a careful visual and physical underhood inspection of connectors, wiring harnesses, vacuum lines, and components is required. The Customer Information Worksheet may contain more detailed symptom information. Before an in-depth diagnosis begins, start the engine and wiggle wires, tap on components while listening for an indication of a concern (such as an RPM change or a relay clicking).

Information about engine conditions is stored when a DTC that illuminates the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) is set. This information is called freeze frame data and may be helpful in diagnosing intermittent concerns. Refer to FREEZE FRAME DATA for additional information.

What's New In This Service Information

The following is a list of changes to this service information for 2013

Escape with new 1.6L GTDI, new 2.0L GTDI and new 2.5L TIVCT engines, including a wastegate vacuum sensor (GTDI), low pressure fuel switch (GTDI), engine coolant temperature (ECT) and cylinder head temperature (CHT) sensors (GTDI), hall effect camshaft position (CMP) sensors and a new 198 pin PCM (GTDI) and 190 pin PCM (2.5L).
Explorer with new 3.5L GTDI, and new 3.7L TIVCT engines, including a new 198 pin PCM (GTDI) and 190 pin PCM (3.7L) and hall effect CMP sensors.
E-Series 6.8L with new 2 track accelerator pedal position (APP) sensor, universal HO2S sensor, new mass airflow (MAF) sensor, and 190 pin PCM.
F-150 3.5L with new hall effect CMP sensors.
Flex with a new 3.5L TIVCT engine, including a new 198 pin PCM (3.5L GTDI) and hall effect CMP sensors (3.5L GTDI) and new COP (GTDI) and new crankshaft position (CKP) sensor (3.5L GTDI).
Focus with a new 2.0L GTDI engine, including ECT and CHT sensors, and hall effect CMP sensors.
Fusion with new 1.6L GTDI, new 2.0L GTDI and new 2.5L TIVCT engines, including a low pressure fuel switch (GTDI), ECT and CHT sensors (GTDI), hall effect CMP sensors, auto stop start system (1.6L), automatic engine idle shutdown, new 198 pin PCM (GTDI), and a new 190 pin PCM (2.5L).
MKS with a new 3.7L TIVCT engine, including a new 198 pin PCM (3.5L GTDI) and hall effect cam position (CMP) sensors (3.5L GTDI) and new COP (GTDI) and new CKP sensor (3.5L GTDI).
MKT with a new 2.0L GTDI and 3.7L TIVCT engines, including a wastegate vacuum sensor, new low pressure fuel switch, ECT and CHT sensors, and 198 pin PCM (GTDI) and hall effect CMP sensors (GTDI) and new COP (GTDI) and new CKP sensor (3.5L GTDI).
MKZ with new 2.0L GTDI and new 3.7L TIVCT engines, including a low pressure fuel switch (GTDI), ECT and CHT sensors (GTDI), hall effect CMP sensors, automatic extended idle shutdown, and a new 198 pin PCM (GTDI) and 190 pin PCM (3.7L).
Mustang with a new 5.8L engine including a new supercharger and fuel pump.
Taurus with a new 2.0L GTDI, 3.5L TIVCT, and 3.7L TIVCT engines, including a new low pressure fuel switch, ECT and CHT sensors, and 198 pin PCM (GTDI) and hall effect CMP sensors (GTDI) and new COP (GTDI) and new CKP sensor (3.5L GTDI).

Acronyms and Definitions

Note. This acronyms and definitions listing contains technical terms applicable to Ford Motor Company products. It is not intended to be an all-inclusive dictionary of components and their functions. If a detailed description of a particular system or component is desired, refer to the appropriate information within this service information or refer to the appropriate service information article for additional information regarding the specific vehicle being repaired.

AAT: Ambient Air Temperature

APP: Accelerator Pedal Position

A/T: Automatic Transmission

AWD: All Wheel Drive

BARO: Barometric Pressure

BPP: Brake Pedal Position

BTDC: Before Top Dead Center

CAC: Charge Air Cooler

CAN: Controller Area Network

CCM: Comprehensive Component Monitor

CF: Cooling Fan

CHT: Cylinder Head Temperature

CKP: Crankshaft Position

CL: Closed Loop

CMP: Camshaft Position

CO: Carbon Monoxide

CO 2 : Carbon Dioxide

COP: Coil On Plug

CPP: Clutch Pedal Position

CPU: Central Processing Unit

CTO: Clean Tach Output

DC: 1. Direct Current 2. Duty Cycle

DFI: Direct Fuel Injection

DFSO: Deceleration Fuel Shut Off

DLC: Data Link Connector

DTC: Diagnostic Trouble Code

E10: Fuel containing 10% ethanol

E85: Fuel containing 85% ethanol

ECT: Engine Coolant Temperature

EEC: Electronic Engine Control

EEGR: Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation

EEPROM: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

EGR: Exhaust Gas Recirculation

EI: Electronic Ignition

EMD: Engine Manufacturers Diagnostics

EMI: Electromagnetic Interference

EONV: Engine Off Natural Vacuum

EOT: Engine Oil Temperature

EPS: Exhaust Phase Shifting

ERFS: Electronic Returnless Fuel System

ESM: EGR System Module

ESOF: Electronic Shift-on-the-Fly

ETB: Electronic Throttle Body

ETBTACM: Electronic Throttle Body Throttle Actuator Control Motor

ETBTPS: Electronic Throttle Body Throttle Position Sensor

ETC: Electronic Throttle Control

EVAP: Evaporative Emission

2013 PCED Gasoline Engines Introduction

EVAPCP: Evaporative Emission Canister Purge Valve

FAOS: Fore-Aft Oxygen Sensor

FEPS: Flash EEPROM Programming Signal

FFV: Flexible Fuel Vehicle

FLI: Fuel Level Input

FMEM: Failure Mode Effects Management

FP: Fuel Pump

FPDM: Fuel Pump Driver Module

FPM: Fuel Pump Monitor

FRP: Fuel Rail Pressure

FRPT: Fuel Rail Pressure Temperature

FSS: Fan Speed Sensor

FTP: Fuel Tank Pressure

FWD: Front Wheel Drive

GPM: 1. Grams per Mile 2. Gallons per Minute

GTDI: Gasoline Turbocharged Direct Injection

H: Hydrogen

HC: 1. Hydrocarbon 2. High Compression

HDR: High Data Rate

HO2S: Heated Oxygen Sensor

IAC: Idle Air Control

IAT: Intake Air Temperature

IFS: Inertia Fuel Shutoff

I/M: Inspection/Maintenance

IMRC: Intake Manifold Runner Control

IMTV: Intake Manifold Tuning Valve

IPC: Independent Plausibility Checker

IPS: Intake Phase Shifting

ISO: International Standards Organization

KAM: Keep Alive Memory

KOEO: Key On Engine Off

KOER: Key On Engine Running

KS: Knock Sensor

LDR: Low Data Rate

LONGFT: Long-Term Fuel Trim

MAF: Mass Airflow

MAP: Manifold Absolute Pressure

MAP/IAT2: Manifold Absolute Pressure/Intake Air Temperature 2

MFF: Misfire Freeze Frame

MIL: Malfunction Indicator Lamp

MRFS: Mechanical Returnless Fuel System

MSOF: Manual Shift-on-the-Fly

M/T: Manual Transmission

NO X : Nitrogen Oxides

NVLD: Natural Vacuum Leak Detection

NVM: Non-Volatile Memory

NVRAM: Non-Volatile Random Access Memory

OASIS: On-line Automotive Service Information System

OBD: On Board Diagnostic

OL: Open Loop

ORVR: On Board Refueling Vapor Recovery

OSC: Output State Control

OSR: On Board System Readiness

OSS: Output Shaft Speed

PATS: Passive Anti-Theft System

PCM: Powertrain Control Module

PCV: Positive Crankcase Ventilation

Pd: Palladium

PID: Parameter Identification

PIP: Profile Ignition Pickup

PPM: Parts per Million

PSP: Power Steering Pressure

Pt: Platinum

PTS: Professional Technician Society

PWM: Pulse Width Modulation

PZEV: Partial Zero Emission Vehicle

RAM: Random Access Memory

Rh: Rhodium

ROM: Read-Only Memory

RPM: Revolutions Per Minute

RWD: Rear Wheel Drive

SAE: Society of Automotive Engineers

SCB: Supercharger Bypass

SFI: Sequential Multiport Fuel Injection

SHRTFT: Short-Term Fuel Trim

TAC: Throttle Actuator Control

TACM: Throttle Actuator Control Motor

TC: Turbocharger

TCBP/CACT: Turbocharger Boost Pressure/Charge Air Cooler Temperature

TCBY: Turbocharger Bypass

TCIPT: Turbocharger Intake Pressure And Temperature

TCM: Transmission Control Module

TCS: Transmission Control Switch

TDC: Top Dead Center

TIVCT: Twin Independent Variable Camshaft Timing

TP: Throttle Position

TPPC: Throttle Plate Position Controller

TR: Transmission Range

TSB: Technical Service Bulletin

TWC: Three-Way Catalytic Converter

VCT: Variable Camshaft Timing

VECI: Vehicle Emission Control Information

VID: Vehicle Identification

VIN: Vehicle Identification Number

VR: Variable Reluctance

VSS: Vehicle Speed Sensor

WOT: Wide Open Throttle

Engine Controls - Introduction (except Diesel & Hybrid) (section 0) Ford Focus ST III