PRECAUTION
| WARNING | If the negative (-) battery cable has been disconnected, initialize the following systems when the cable is reconnected. |
| System | See procedure |
|---|---|
| Intuitive Parking Assist System | Refer to INITIALIZATION |
| Theft Deterrent System | |
| Variable Gear Ratio Steering System |
- TROUBLESHOOTING PRECAUTIONS If the problem is caused by a poor connection of a terminal or poor installation of a part, reconnecting the terminal, or removing and reinstalling the part may solve the problem, or may temporarily return the system to normal. To determine the cause of the problem, check for DTCs or confirm vehicle operating conditions when the problem occurred and note them down before disconnecting connectors or removing parts. Be sure to check for DTCs in other systems as the problem may be caused by a malfunction in another system. DTCs may be stored in the EPS system and/or electronically controlled brake system due to VGRS system inspections. Check for DTCs in the EPS system and electronically controlled brake system and clear any output codes after inspecting the VGRS system. When the power switch is turned ON (IG)/OFF, the system start-up/stop operation is performed. At this time, a small operating sound can be heard and the steering wheel slightly moves in a turning direction. If "Inval" is displayed for "Straight Angle Valid Flag" in the Data List, the VGRS system does not operate. If the steering wheel is turned left and right with the power switch OFF, a noise can be heard. However, this is not a malfunction.
- HANDLING AND OPERATIONAL PRECAUTIONS Removal and installation of the steering control ECU, steering actuator, and each sensor must be performed with the power switch OFF unless specified. If the steering control ECU, steering actuator, or a sensor is removed and installed, perform the test mode inspection, check for DTCs, and confirm that the normal system code is output. If the power switch is turned ON (IG) with the steering control ECU connector disconnected, DTCs may be stored in the EPS system and/or electronically controlled brake system. Check for DTCs in those systems and clear any output codes after completing repairs.
- PRECAUTIONS FOR REPLACEMENT OF STEERING SYSTEM PARTS If the steering control ECU or steering actuator is replaced, perform actuator angle neutral point calibration and initialization. The steering control ECU cannot be disassembled or repaired. If there is any problem with the steering control ECU, replace it with a new one.
- PRECAUTIONS FOR STEERING WHEEL OFF-CENTER NOTE: If the steering wheel is still off-center after completing steering angle sensor initialization. Refer to «INITIALIZATION»(ref-386975-S05283496462011022400000) , perform VGRS system calibration. Refer to «CALIBRATION»(ref-386975-S06876666312011022400000) . HINT: The steering wheel may become off-center under any of the following conditions. These conditions do not indicate a malfunction. The steering wheel is turned when the power switch is OFF. The steering wheel is turned quickly. The steering wheel is turned to the left or right lock position. If the steering wheel is off-center, drive the vehicle at 35 km/h (22 mph) or more for 5 seconds or more, or turn the steering wheel to the left and right with the vehicle stopped or while driving at low speeds. This may center the steering wheel.
- CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH VGRS SYSTEM DOES NOT OPERATE The VGRS system does not operate under any of the following conditions: Power supply voltage is low or too high. A fail-safe function is operating to protect the system from overheating. (System control is suspended to prevent the motor in the steering actuator and the steering control ECU from overheating. If the temperatures of the motor and ECU drop, the system will return to normal.) The vehicle is exposed to extremely low temperatures. (If the ambient temperature becomes approximately -30°C (-22°F), system control will be suspended.) NOTE: If any of the above occurs, perform steering angle sensor initialization. Refer to «INITIALIZATION»(ref-386975-S05283496462011022400000) .
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| Transmitting ECU (Transmitter) | Receiving ECU | Signals | Communication method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Steering Angle Sensor | Steering Control ECU | Steering wheel angle signal Tire angle (during straight-ahead driving) signal | CAN |
| Steering Angle Sensor | Steering Control ECU | Steering wheel angle signal | Serial communication |
| Deceleration Sensor | Steering Control ECU | Deceleration sensor signal | CAN |
| Yaw Rate Sensor | Steering Control ECU | Yaw rate signal | CAN |
| Skid Control ECU | Steering Control ECU | Vehicle speed signal Steering cooperative control level signal | CAN |
| Steering Control ECU | Skid Control ECU | Steering actuator operating angle signal | CAN |
| Steering Control ECU | Power Steering ECU | Steering actuator operating angle signal Steering cooperative control level signal | CAN |
| Steering Control ECU* | Combination Meter | Warning information signal | CAN - BEAN |
HINT
*: Warning information signals are transmitted via the following route
Steering control ECU --> (CAN) --> Power steering ECU --> (CAN) --> Gateway ECU --> (BEAN) --> Combination meter
TERMINALS OF ECU
HINT
Inspect the connectors from the back side while they are connected.
Scheme 9
| Symbols (Terminal No.) | Wiring Color | Terminal Description | Condition | Specified Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AFS+ (A40-2)* - PGND (A40-7) | L - W-B | CAN communication line (to AFS system) | Power switch ON (IG) | Pulse generation |
| IG (A40-3) - PGND (A40-7) | B-Y - W-B | Power supply (ECU-IG fuse) | Power switch ON (IG) | 10 to 14 V |
| CAN+ (A40-4) - CAN- (A40-9) | W - B | Local CAN communication | Power switch ON (IG) | Pulse generation |
| AFS- (A40-5)* - PGND (A40-7) | Y - W-B | CAN communication line (to AFS system) | Power switch ON (IG) | Pulse generation |
| PGND (A40-7) - Body ground | W-B - Body ground | Ground | Always | Below 1 ohms |
| PIG (A40-8) - PGND (A40-7) | R - W-B | Power supply (VGRS fuse) | Power switch ON (IG) | 10 to 14 V |
| +BI (A40-10) - PGND (A40-7) | GR - W-B | Power supply (ECU-B fuse) | Always | 10 to 14 V |
| BMV (K69-1) - PGND (A40-7) | W - W-B | Steering actuator motor signal (V phase) | Engine start | Sine wave |
| BMU (K69-2) - PGND (A40-7) | B - W-B | Steering actuator motor signal (U phase) | Engine start | Sine wave |
| BMW (K69-3) - PGND (A40-7) | R - W-B | Steering actuator motor signal (W phase) | Engine start | Sine wave |
| SG (K69-6) - PGD2 (K69-8) | BR - W-B | Steering actuator motor signal shield ground | Always | Below 1 ohms |
| PGD2 (K69-8) - Body ground | W-B - Body ground | Steering control ECU ground | Always | Below 1 ohms |
| +BO (K70-1) - PGND (A40-7) | LG - W-B | Steering sensor power supply line | Always | 10 to 14 V |
| LV (K70-3) - PGND (A40-7) | Y - W-B | Power source for steering actuator lock | Power switch ON (IG) | 10 to 14 V |
| S1 (K70-4) - PGND (A40-7) | W - W-B | Steering actuator motor rotation angle sensor signal | Power switch ON (IG) | Sine wave |
| RV (K70-6) - PGND (A40-7) | B - W-B | Steering actuator resolver excitation output voltage | Power switch ON (IG) | Sine wave |
| SIL (K70-7) - PGND (A40-7) | SB - W-B | Diagnostic communication signal | Power switch ON (IG) | Pulse generation |
| CANH (K70-9) - CANL (K70-20) | W - B | CAN communication | Power switch ON (IG) | Pulse generation |
| SS1- (K70-10) - PGND (A40-7) | L - W-B | Steering angle sensor signal | Power switch ON (IG), turn the steering wheel | Pulse generation |
| LG (K70-12) - PGND (A40-7) | L - W-B | Steering actuator lock ground | Engine start | Pulse generation |
| S2 (K70-14) - PGND (A40-7) | R - W-B | Steering actuator motor rotation angle sensor signal | Power switch ON (IG) | Sine wave |
| RG (K70-15) - PGND (A40-7) | G - W-B | Steering actuator resolver common ground | Always | Below 1 ohms |
| SG2+ (K70-16) - PGND (A40-7) | Shielded - W-B | Ground for steering actuator motor rotation angle sensor signal wire and control signal wire shield wire | Power switch ON (IG) | Pulse generation |
| SS1+ (K70-19) - PGND (A40-7) | LG - W-B | Steering angle sensor signal | Power switch ON (IG), turn the steering wheel | 3 to 4 V |
*: w/ Adaptive Front-Lighting System
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- DESCRIPTION Variable Gear Ratio Steering system data and the Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) can be read through the Data Link Connector 3 (DLC3) of the vehicle. When the system seems to be malfunctioning, use the Techstream to check for malfunctions and perform repairs.
- CHECK DLC3 If the result is not as specified, the DLC3 may have a malfunction. Repair or replace the harness and connector. HINT: The vehicle uses ISO 15765-4 communication protocol. The terminal arrangement of the DLC3 complies with SAE J1962 and matches the ISO 15765-4 format. Symbols (Terminal No.) Terminal Description Condition Specified Condition SIL (7) - SG (5) Bus "+" line During transmission Pulse generation CG (4) - Body ground Chassis ground Always Below 1 ohms SG (5) - Body ground Signal ground Always Below 1 ohms BAT (16) - Body ground Battery positive Always 11 to 14 V CANH (6) - CANL (14) CAN bus line Power switch OFF* 54 to 69 ohms CANH (6) - BAT (16) HIGH-level CAN bus line Power switch OFF* 6 kohms or higher CANH (6) - CG (4) HIGH-level CAN bus line Power switch OFF* 200 ohms or higher CANL (14) - BAT (16) LOW-level CAN bus line Power switch OFF* 6 kohms or higher CANL (14) - CG (4) LOW-level CAN bus line Power switch OFF* 200 ohms or higher NOTE: *: Before measuring the resistance, leave the vehicle as is for at least 1 minute and do not operate the power switch, any other switches or the doors. If the result is not as specified, the DLC3 may have a malfunction. Repair or replace the harness and connector. HINT: If the display shows a communication error message when you connect the cable of the Techstream to the DLC3, turn the power switch ON (IG) and operate the Techstream, there is a problem on either the vehicle side or the Techstream side. If communication is normal when the Techstream is connected to another vehicle, inspect the DLC3 on the original vehicle. If communication is still not possible when the Techstream is connected to another vehicle, the problem is probably in the Techstream itself. Consult the Service Department listed in the Techstream's instruction manual.
- FUNCTION OF WARNING LIGHT AND MESSAGE If a malfunction occurs during system operation, the master warning light (VGRS) on the combination meter assembly will come on and "CHECK VGRS" will be displayed on the multi-information display to inform the driver of the system malfunction.
- DTC Normal mode. DTCs are memorized in the steering control ECU and read by using the Techstream. Refer to «DTC CHECK / CLEAR»(ref-386975-S17151165742011022400000) . Test mode. By switching from normal mode to test mode, the steering angle sensor can be inspected. Refer to «TEST MODE PROCEDURE»(ref-386975-S37490907622011022400000) . HINT: Whether the system is in diagnostic mode or test mode can be checked from the indication on the multi-information display. For details of the indication and how to check, refer to "DTC CHECK/CLEAR". Refer to «DTC CHECK / CLEAR»(ref-386975-S17151165742011022400000) .
- CHECK MASTER WARNING LIGHT Turn the power switch ON (IG). Check that the master warning light (VGRS) comes on for 2 seconds. HINT: If the master warning light (VGRS) check result is not normal, proceed to troubleshooting of the warning light circuit. Trouble Area See procedure Master warning light circuit Refer to «Master Warning Light Malfunction»(ref-387143-S17719284272011022400000)
Scheme 12
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Scheme 14
- CHECK DTC (When Using Techstream) Turn the power switch OFF. Connect the Techstream to the DLC3. Turn the power switch ON (IG). Turn the Techstream on. Check the DTCs. Enter the following menus: Chassis / VGRS / Trouble Codes. Confirm the details of the DTCs. Refer to «DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART»(ref-386975-S18833501322011022400000) .
- CLEAR DTC (When Using Techstream) Turn the power switch OFF. Connect the Techstream to the DLC3. Turn the power switch ON (IG). Turn the Techstream on. Clear the DTCs. Enter the following menus: Chassis / VGRS / Trouble Codes. According to the display on the Techstream, select the trouble code data display with the clear button.
- DTC CHECK (When not Using Techstream) HINT: The master warning light comes on in diagnostic mode. Using SST check wire, connect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3. SST: 09843-18040 Turn the power switch ON (IG). "DIAG VGRS" is displayed on the multi-information display and the system starts searching for a malfunction. If the system is normal, "DIAG VGRS OK" is displayed. If the system has a malfunction, "DIAG VGRS xx" is displayed. ("xx" is a 2-digit DTC.)
- CLEAR DTC (When not Using Techstream) Turn the power switch ON (IG). Using SST check wire, connect and disconnect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3 4 times within 8 seconds. SST: 09843-18040 Disconnect SST check wire from the DLC3. NOTE: The stored yaw rate sensor value will be cleared by the above operation. Obtain the yaw rate sensor zero point. Refer to «CALIBRATION»(ref-386974-S24847932002011022400000) . Turn the power switch OFF. HINT: If the problem still exists, DTCs may not be cleared. Obtain the yaw rate sensor zero point. Refer to «CALIBRATION»(ref-386974-S24847932002011022400000) .
FREEZE FRAME DATA
HINT
The VGRS system stores data when a trouble code is set and can be viewed using the Techstream.
- FREEZE FRAME DATA OF STEERING CONTROL ECU Connect the Techstream to the DLC3. Turn the power switch ON (IG). Turn the Techstream on. Check the freeze frame data. Enter the following menus: Chassis / VGRS / Utility / Freeze Frame Data. VGRS Tester Display Measurement Item Value (Unit) Vehicle Speed (Vsc ECU) Vehicle speed (VSC ECU) Speed indicated on speedometer (km/h) Engine Revolution (Rpm) Engine revolution (rpm) Less than 300 or more then 300 (rpm) Mtr Power Source Cur. Motor power source actual current 0 to 127.5 (A) PIG-Power Source Volt PIG power source voltage 0 to 25.5 (V) IG-Power Source Volt IG power source voltage 0 to 25.5 (V) Lock Motor Output Volt LOCK motor output voltage 0 to 25.5 (V) Command Value Duty Command value DUTY for PVM control 0 to 100 (%) Actuator Lock Duty Val Command value DUTY for actuator lock control 0 to 100 (%) Resolver Offset (SIN) Resolver offset (SIN) 0 to 25.5 (V) Resolver Offset (COS) Resolver offset (COS) 0 to 25.5 (V) Motor Current U Motor current U -63 to 64.5 (A) Motor Current V Motor current V -63 to 64.5 (A) Motor Current W Motor current W -63 to 64.5 (A) Motor Voltage Motor power supply voltage 0 to 51 (V) Steering Pos1 Steering position1 -2047 to 2048.9375 (deg) Actuator Position Actuator position -2047 to 2048.9375 (deg) Steering Angle Velocity Steering wheel angle velocity -2047 to 2048.9375 (deg/s) Actuator Target Angle1 Actuator target angle1 -2047 to 2048.9375 (deg) Actuator Target Angle2 Actuator target angle2 -2047 to 2048.9375 (deg) Actuator Revolution Spd Actuator revolution speed -2047 to 2048.9375 (deg) Mode State Mode state 00 to 04, 06 to 10, 0A, 0B, 0C, 0D, 0E, and 0F