Vehicle Reference Voltage (VREF)
VREF is a consistent positive voltage (5.0 volts plus or minus 0.5 volt) provided by the PCM. VREF is typically used by 3-wire sensors and some digital input signals.
Home/Ford/Escape/Ford Escape I рестайлинг 2 (2007-2012)/Repair manual/Engine Controls - Description & Operation (Except Diesel & Hybrid)/Vehicle Reference Voltage (VREF)
Contents
Section: Engine Controls - Description & Operation (Except Diesel & Hybrid) All sections- Abbreviations
- Accessories Control Systems
- Accessory Drive Belts
- Airbag
- Anti-Lock Brake System - Vehicle Dynamic Systems: Diagnosis
- Anti-Lock/traction Control
- Automatic HVAC System
- Automatic Trans
- Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
- Axle Shafts
- Basic Trouble Shooting
- Body Electrical
- Brakes
- Cabin Air Filter
- Charging System
- Check Lists
- Clutches Manual & Hydraulic
- Collision/avoidance
- Communication Devices
- Connector Views - (Except Hybrid)
- Connector Views - (Hybrid)
- Cooling System (Mechanical)
- Cruise Control Systems
- Diagnostic Connector Locations
- Differentials & Drive Axles
- Door Locks & Anti-Theft Systems
- Drive Cycles
- Driveline/axles
- Driveshaft & Universal Joints
- DTC Index
- Electrical Component Locations
- Emission Applications
- Engine
- Engine Control Systems
- Engine Controls - Description & Operation (Except Diesel & Hybrid)
- Engine Mechanical - 2.5L - (Except Hybrid)
- Engine Mechanical - 2.5L - (Except Hybrid): Component Locations
- Engine Mechanical - 2.5L - (Hybrid)
- Engine Mechanical - 2.5L - (Hybrid): Component Locations
- Engine Mechanical - 3.0L (4V)
- Engine Mechanical - 3.0L (4V): Removal & Installation
- Engine Performance
- Entertainment Systems
- Exhaust
- Exterior Body Panels
- Exterior Lighting System: Diagnosis
- Exterior Lights
- Exterior/interior Trim
- Frames, Subframes & Crossmembers
- Fuel System
- Gauges & Instrument Panels
- General Servicing - All Makes
- Heated Glass/defoggers
- Hoist/jack
- Horns
- HVAC Climate Control System - General Information and Diagnostics - (Except Hybrid): Overview
- Identification
- Ignition Switch/steering Lock
- Ignition System
- Interior/illumination Lights
- Manual & Power Steering
- Manual Trans
- Mechanical
- Mechanical - Hydraulic
- Metric Conversions
- Mirrors
- Mode 6
- Module Communications Network: Diagnosis
- Oem General Information
- Parking Brake System
- Removal & Installation
- Reset Procedures
- Restraints Control Systems
- Schedule
- Seats
- Specifications
- Starter
- Steering
- Steering Column
- Sun Roof/t-Top/convertible Top
- Suspension Front
- Suspension Rear
- Testing & Diagnostics
- Traction Control Disable
- Transfer Case
- Transmission
- Transmission Control Systems
- Wheel & Tire System
- Wiper/washer Systems