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Engine Controls - Basic Testing: Other Saab 9-5 I рестайлинг

Testing & Diagnostics 17 illustrations ~1672 words

Compression

Check engine mechanical condition with compression gauge, vacuum gauge, or engine analyzer. See engine analyzer instruction manual for specific instructions.

CAUTIONUse a remote starter to crank engine during compression test. DO NOT use ignition switch. Fuel injectors on many fuel-injected models are triggered during cranking mode. This could cause a fire hazard, flooding, crankcase contamination, hydrostatic lock, or lubrication to be washed off cylinder walls.

Measure engine compression at normal operating temperature with all spark plugs removed. To prevent damage to catalytic converter, test quickly and only if necessary.

Note. Compression pressures are not specified by manufacturer. However, maximum variation between cylinders should not exceed 29 psi.

ApplicationSpecification
9-3
2.0L8.8:1
2.3L9.3:1
9-5
2.3L9.3:1
3.0L9.5:1

COMPRESSION RATIO

Exhaust System Backpressure

  1. The exhaust system can be checked with a vacuum or pressure gauge. Remove HO2S sensor. Connect a 1-5 psi pressure gauge and operate engine at 2500 RPM. If exhaust system backpressure is greater than 2 psi, exhaust system or catalytic converter is plugged.
  2. If a vacuum gauge is used, connect vacuum gauge to intake manifold vacuum port and start engine. Observe vacuum gauge. Open throttle part way (use gas pedal, not throttle linkage) and hold it steady. If vacuum gauge reading slowly drops after stabilizing, check exhaust system for restriction.

FUEL SYSTEM

WARNINGThis check involves partial dismantling of the car's fuel system. The following points must therefore be observed in connection with the work: Work only in a well-ventilated area. If approved equipment for the extraction of fuel vapors is available, be sure to use it. Wear suitable gloves. Prolonged contact with fuel can cause skin irritation or dermatitis. Keep a class BE fire extinguisher close at hand. Beware of sparks caused by short circuits and when connecting and disconnecting leads in electrical circuits. No smoking anywhere in the vicinity.

Checking Fuel Pressure (2.0L & 2.3L)

  1. Reduce the fuel pressure by removing the fuel pump fuse No. 32 while the engine is idling. Turn off the ignition once the engine has stopped. Fit the fuel pump fuse No. 32. (Scheme 47)
  2. Remove the engine cover.
  3. Unscrew the valve cap from the fuel rail's service nipple. Connect Fuel and Oil Pressure Gauge Equipment (83 93 852) and Fuel Pressure Gauge Adapter (83 94 744). Connect the adapter with "safety on". Once connected, change to "safety off". (Scheme 48)
  4. Start the fuel pump with the diagnostic tool.
  5. Take a reading. System pressure should be 43 psi (3.0 bar)
  6. With the adapter "safety on", remove the pressure gauge equipment from the fuel rail service nipple. Screw on the valve cap. (Scheme 49)
  7. Fit the engine cover.

Scheme 47

Scheme 47
Scheme 47

Scheme 48

Scheme 48
Scheme 48

Scheme 49

Scheme 49
Scheme 49

Checking Fuel Pressure (3.0L)

  1. Reduce fuel pressure by removing fuel pump fuse No. 19 while the engine is idling. Turn ignition off once the engine has stopped. Replace the fuse.
  2. Remove the engine cover.
  3. Remove the valve cap. Connect the Pressure Gauge Equipment (83 93 852) and the Adapter (83 94 744) Fuel pressure gauge adapter to the fuel-injection rail with the "safety" on. Take off the "safety" from the adapter. (Scheme 50)
  4. Start the fuel pump with the diagnostic tool. (Scheme 51)
  5. Take a reading from the measuring equipment. System pressure should be 43 psi (3.0 bar)
  6. Turn off the fuel pump with the diagnostic tool.
  7. Put the "safety" on the adapter and remove the pressure gauge equipment from the service nipple. Screw on the valve cap.
  8. Fit the engine cover.

Scheme 50

Scheme 50
Scheme 50

Scheme 51

Scheme 51
Scheme 51

Checking Residual Pressure (9-3)

  1. Reduce the fuel pressure by removing the fuel pump fuse No. 32 while the engine is idling. Turn off the ignition once the engine has stopped. Fit the fuel pump fuse No. 32. see scheme 6
  2. Remove the engine cover.
  3. Unscrew the valve cap from the fuel rail's service nipple. Connect Fuel and Oil Pressure Gauge Equipment (83 93 852) and Fuel Pressure Gauge Adapter (83 94 744). Connect with the adapter "safety on". Take off the "safety" from the adapter. see scheme 7
  4. Run the pump with the diagnostic tool until the pressure gauge no longer rises. The residual pressure after 20 minutes should be at least 33 psi (2.3 bar).
  5. Take a pressure reading.
  6. "Safety on" the adapter and remove the pressure gauge equipment from the fuel rail service nipple. Screw on the valve cap. see scheme 8
  7. Fit the engine cover.

Checking Residual Pressure (9-5 - 2.3L)

  1. Remove the valve cap. Connect the Pressure Gauge Equipment (83 93 852) and the Fuel Pressure Gauge Adapter (83 94 744) to the fuel-injection rail with the "safety" on. Take off the "safety" from the adapter. (Scheme 52)
  2. Run the pump with the diagnostic tool until the pressure gauge stops rising. Stop the pump. The residual pressure after 20 minutes must be a minimum of 33 psi (2.3 bar). (Scheme 53)
  3. Take a reading on the pressure gauge equipment.
  4. Put the "safety" on the adapter and remove the pressure gauge equipment from the service nipple. Screw on the valve cap.

Scheme 52

Scheme 52
Scheme 52

Scheme 53

Scheme 53
Scheme 53

Checking Residual Pressure (9-5 - 3.0L)

  1. Reduce fuel pressure by removing fuel pump fuse No. 19 while the engine is idling. Turn off the ignition once the engine has stopped and replace the fuse.
  2. Remove the engine cover.
  3. Remove the valve cap. Connect the Pressure Gauge Equipment (83 93 852) and Fuel Pressure Gauge Adapter (83 94 744) to the fuel-injection rail with the "safety" on. Take off the "safety" from the adapter. see scheme 11
  4. Start the fuel pump with the diagnostic tool. see scheme 12
  5. Take a reading. It should be 43 psi (3.0 bar).
  6. Turn off the fuel pump with the diagnostic tool.
  7. Read the pressure gauge after 20 minutes. The residual pressure should be at least 33 psi (2.3 bar).
  8. Put the "safety" on the adapter and remove the pressure gauge equipment from the service nipple. Screw on the valve cap.
  9. Fit the engine cover.

Checking the Fuel Pressure Regulator (9-3)

  1. Reduce the fuel pressure by removing the fuel pump fuse No. 32 while the engine is idling. Turn off the ignition once the engine has stopped. Fit the fuel pump fuse No. 32. see scheme 13
  2. Remove the engine cover.
  3. Unscrew the valve cap from the fuel rail's service nipple. Connect Fuel and Oil Pressure Gauge Equipment (83 93 852) and Fuel Pressure Gauge Adapter (83 94 744). Connect the adapter to the fuel rail with "safety on". Take off the "safety" from the adapter. (Scheme 54)
  4. Disconnect the vacuum hose from the fuel pressure regulator and connect Pressure/Vacuum Pump (30 14 883) and Charge Pressure Gauge (83 93 514). (Scheme 55)
  5. Start the fuel pump with the diagnostic tool. It may be necessary to restart the pump during the check as the activation period using the diagnostic tool is 30 seconds. (Scheme 56)
  6. Check the reading at atmospheric pressure. It should be 43 psi (3.0 bar).
  7. Increase the vacuum in the pressure regulator with the pressure/vacuum pump. The system pressure should drop with the same amount as shown on the pressure gauge. System pressure should be 43 psi (3.0 bar)
  8. Pump up pressure in the fuel pressure regulator with the vacuum pump. The system pressure should now increase with the same amount as shown on the pressure gauge. see scheme 17
  9. "Safety on" the adapter and remove the pressure gauge equipment from the fuel rail service nipple. Screw on the valve cap.
  10. Remove the pressure/vacuum pump from the fuel pressure regulator and connect the vacuum hose.
  11. Fit the engine cover.

Scheme 54

Scheme 54
Scheme 54

Scheme 55

Scheme 55
Scheme 55

Scheme 56

Scheme 56
Scheme 56

Checking the Fuel Pressure Regulator (9-5 - 2.3L)

  1. Remove the valve cap. Connect the Fuel Pressure Gauge (83 93 852) and Adapter (83 94 744) to the fuel-injection rail with the "safety" on. Take "safety" off r. (Scheme 57)
  2. Detach the vacuum hose from the pressure regulator and attach the Pressure/Vacuum Pump (30 14 883) and the Boost Pressure Gauge (83 93 514). (Scheme 58)
  3. Start the fuel pump with the diagnostic tool. (Scheme 59)
  4. Check the reading at barometric pressure. The reading should be 43 psi (3.0 bar). (Scheme 60)
  5. Increase the negative pressure in the pressure regulator by means of the pressure/vacuum pump. System pressure should drop by the same amount as indicated on the pressure gauge. System pressure should be 43 psi (3.0 bar)
  6. Pump up the pressure in the pressure regulator with the vacuum pump. The system pressure should now increase with the same amount as the reading on the pressure gauge. (Scheme 61)
  7. Turn off the fuel pump with the diagnostic tool.
  8. Put the "safety" on the adapter and remove the pressure gauge equipment from the service nipple. Screw on the valve cap.

Scheme 57

Scheme 57
Scheme 57

Scheme 58

Scheme 58
Scheme 58

Scheme 59

Scheme 59
Scheme 59

Scheme 60

Scheme 60
Scheme 60

Checking the Fuel Pressure Regulator (9-5 - 3.0L)

  1. Remove the engine cover.
  2. Remove the valve cap. Connect the Pressure Gauge Equipment (83 93 852) and Fuel Pressure Gauge Adapter (83 94 744) to the fuel-injection rail with the "safety" on. Take the "safety" off from the adapter. (Scheme 62)
  3. Start the fuel pump with the diagnostic tool. (Scheme 63)
  4. Take a reading. It should be 43 psi (3.0 bar).
  5. Detach the pressure regulator vacuum hose. Connect the Pressure/Vacuum Pump (30 14 883) to the coupling on the pressure regulator. see scheme 25
  6. Carefully apply positive pressure. Make sure the fuel pressure increases correspondingly.
  7. Release the positive pressure and apply negative pressure. Make sure the fuel pressure is reduced correspondingly.
  8. Release the negative pressure and remove the vacuum pump. Connect the pressure regulator vacuum hose.
  9. Turn off the fuel pump with the diagnostic tool.
  10. Put the "safety" on the adapter and remove the pressure gauge equipment from the service nipple. Screw on the valve cap.
  11. Fit the engine cover.

Scheme 61

Scheme 61
Scheme 61

Scheme 62

Scheme 62
Scheme 62

Scheme 63

Scheme 63
Scheme 63

Conditions

The following conditions apply for the current fault symptom

  1. No diagnostic trouble codes in the car with the current symptom description.
  2. Gasoline in the tank.
  3. Starter motor in working order.

PROGRAMMING ECM

If the power supply to the Electronic Control Module (ECM) is interrupted, all previously stored adapted sensor values will be erased. The vehicle will need to be driven for a prolonged period in order to relearn sensor data and restore peak performance.

IDLE SPEED & IGNITION TIMING

All models are equipped with a Distributorless Ignition System (DIS). Idle speed and ignition timing are controlled by (ECM) and are not adjustable. ECM relies on spark plug resistance to determine ignition timing. See TRIONIC ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM in THEORY & OPERATION article for a detailed description of ignition timing and idle speed control functions.

SUMMARY

If no faults were found while performing BASIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES, proceed to appropriate SELF-DIAGNOSTICS article. If no hard codes are found in self-diagnostics, proceed to TROUBLE SHOOTING - NO CODES article for diagnosis by symptom (i.e., ROUGH IDLE, NO START, etc.) or intermittent diagnostic procedures.

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