Overview
| WARNING | This vehicle is equipped with high voltage cables, components, and wiring. The high voltage warning labels containing the high voltage symbols are located on each high voltage component. High voltage cables and wiring are orange in color. Certified rubber insulating gloves and a face shield must be worn when working with the high voltage cables, components, or wiring. The ignition key must be cycled to the OFF position for a minimum of 5 minutes, and the high voltage traction battery service disconnect plug placed in the servicing/shipping position before disconnecting the high voltage cables. Do not disconnect, disable, or touch the high voltage cables, components, or wiring during the module reprogramming procedure because high voltage is present. Failure to follow these instructions may result in personal injury or death. |
The Diagnostic Methods Section provides information on routine diagnostic tasks.
When following powertrain diagnostics on on-board diagnostic (OBD) vehicles, the system may be checked by an off-board tester referred to as a scan tool. This part contains information for carrying out diagnostics with a scan tool. A scan tool has certain generic capabilities that are standard across the automotive industry in the United States. All functions are selected from a menu. Refer to the instruction article provided by the scan tool manufacturer.
Description
All on board diagnostic (OBD) scan tools support the clearing of continuous DTCs and resetting of emission monitors information in the PCM.
The clearing of the continuous DTCs allows the scan tool to command the PCM to clear/reset all emission-related diagnostic information. While carrying out this operation a DTC P1000 is stored in the PCM until all the OBD system monitors or components have been tested to satisfy a drive cycle without any other faults occurring. For more information about a drive cycle, refer to ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC (OBD) DRIVE CYCLE .
The following events occur when the continuous DTCs and emission monitors information is cleared from the PCM
- Clears the number of DTCs.
- Clears the DTCs.
- Clears the freeze frame data.
- Clears the diagnostic monitoring test results.
- Resets the status of the OBD system monitors.
- Sets DTC P1000.
Resetting the KAM returns the powertrain control module (PCM) memory to its default setting. Adaptive learning contents such as idle speed, refueling event, and fuel trim are included. To clear the continuous diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) in the PCM and have it reset the emissions monitors information, is also part of a KAM reset. Refer to CLEAR THE CONTINUOUS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCS) AND RESET THE EMISSION MONITORS INFORMATION IN THE POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE (PCM) . Both can be useful in post repair retest.
After the KAM has been reset, the vehicle may exhibit certain driveability concerns. It is necessary to allow the engine to idle at normal operating temperature with the air conditioning (A/C) OFF for 2 minutes. To maintain the necessary idle time, enter the engine running diagnostic mode. Refer to DIAGNOSTIC MODES , Engine Running Diagnostic Mode. Then drive the vehicle to allow the PCM to learn the values for optimum driveability and performance.
This function may not be supported by all scan tools. Refer to the scan tool manufacturer's instruction article.
If an error message is received or the scan tool does not support this function, disconnecting the battery ground cable for a minimum of 5 minutes may be used as an alternative procedure.
All on board diagnostic (OBD) scan tools display the OSR test. The OSR displays the supported monitors on the vehicle and the status of all monitors (complete or not complete) at that time. Fuel, misfire, and comprehensive component monitors run continuously and always display YES status. Only clearing the diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) from the powertrain control module (PCM) or resetting the keep alive memory (KAM) causes the non-continuous monitors to change to a NO status. The transaxle control module (TCM) does not display any OSR test results.
| WARNING | Safety must be observed when using OSC. Failure to follow these instructions may result in personal injury or death. |
The OSC aids in repairing output actuators associated with the powertrain control module (PCM). This mode allows the technician to change the individual actuator state on command. For example, the output can be enabled or disabled, the duty cycle or the angle of the output can be increased or decreased. This function is supported by the vehicle strategy but may not be present on all vehicles or available on all scan tools.
Note. The transaxle control module (TCM) does not support OSC.
The following outputs can be controlled
| Controlled Output | Output State |
|---|---|
| A/C Clutch Relay (ACC) | ON-OFF |
| EVAP Canister Purge Valve (EVMV) | % |
| DC/DC Converter Enable (DCE) | ON-OFF |
| Desired Electronic Throttle Control (ETC) Throttle Angle | Degrees |
| Desired Engine RPM | RPM |
| Fuel Pump Duty Cycle (FP) | % |
| Heater Pump Control Relay (HPCR) | ON-OFF |
| Motor Electronics Coolant Pump (MECP) | ON-OFF |
| WARNING | Safety must be observed when using OTM: When all outputs are on, the electric fuel pump is briefly energized, make sure the fuel system is intact and is not being repaired at this time. When low speed or high speed fan control(s) are turned on, make sure the fan blades are clear of any obstruction. Failure to follow these instructions may result in personal injury or death. |
The OTM aids in diagnosing output actuators associated with the powertrain control module (PCM). This mode allows the technician to energize and de-energize most of the system output actuators on command. When entering OTM, the outputs can be turned off and on without activating the fan control. The low and high speed fan control(s) may be turned on separately without energizing the other outputs. This function is supported by the vehicle strategy but may not be present on all vehicles or available on all scan tools.
As a safety precaution, the OTM defaults to the off state after 10 minutes and fuel pump off after approximately 7-10 seconds. The OTM also turns off after the vehicle is started or after cycling the key OFF then ON.
The parameter identification (PID) mode allows access to powertrain control module (PCM) information. This includes analog and digital signal inputs and outputs along with calculated values and the system status. There are 2 types of PID lists available and both are used throughout this article. The first is the Generic (J1979) on board diagnostic (OBD) PID list. This is a standard set of PIDs that all scan tools must be able to access. The second is a Ford specific (J2190) PID list which can be accessed by an appropriate scan tool. When accessing any of these PIDs, they are continuously updated. The Generic or Ford PID list provides definitions and values in appropriate units. For more information, refer to the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) document J2205.
Flash electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) is contained in an integrated circuit (IC) internal to the powertrain control module (PCM). The EEPROM contains the vehicle strategy including calibration information specific to the vehicle and is capable of being reprogrammed or reflashed repeatedly.
As part of the calibration there is an area referred to as the vehicle identification (VID) block. The VID block must be programmed when replacing the PCM as described under Programming the VID Block for a Replacement PCM. Failure to carry out this procedure may generate diagnostic trouble code (DTC): P1639, VID Block not programmed or is corrupt. The VID block in an existing PCM can also be tailored to accommodate various hardware changes made to the vehicle since production. Failure to carry out this procedure properly may generate DTC: P1635, Tire/Axle Ratio out of Acceptable Range. The VID block contains many items used by the strategy for a variety of functions. Some of these items include the vehicle identification number (VIN), octane adjust, fuel octane, fuel type, vehicle speed limit, tire size, axle ratio, and the presence of speed control. Only items applicable to vehicle hardware and supported by the VID block are displayed on the scan tool.
When changing items in the VID block, the strategy places range limits on certain items such as tire and axle ratio. The VID block is also limited to the number of times to be reconfigured. When this limit is reached, the scan tool displays a message indicating the need to flash the PCM again to reset the VID block.
Reprogramming can be carried out by a local Ford dealer or any non-Ford facility. Refer to the manufacturer's user article for details.
Note. Clearing the continuous DTCs in the TCM can be carried out only with the key in the ON position. It can not be carried out once the key is cycled to the START position.
Clearing the continuous DTCs in the TCM allows the scan tool to command the TCM to clear all DTCs along with freeze frame information.
The following events occur when the continuous DTCs are cleared in the TCM
- Clears the number of DTCs.
- Clears the DTCs.
- Clears the freeze frame data.
Note. After the TCM is successfully reprogrammed clear the continuous diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) in the powertrain control module (PCM) and the TCM that may have been stored during reprogramming.
Changes made to the strategy or calibration may require TCM reprogramming. Refer to the Module Programming instructions on the scan tool.
Description Of OBD Drive Cycle
Note. A detailed description for clearing the DTCs is found. Refer to CLEAR THE CONTINUOUS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCS) AND RESET THE EMISSION MONITORS INFORMATION IN THE POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE (PCM) .
The following procedure is designed to execute and complete the OBD monitors and to clear the Ford DTC P1000. To complete a specific monitor for repair verification, follow steps 1 through 4, then continue with the step described by the appropriate monitor found under the OBD monitor exercised column. When the ambient air temperature is not between 4° to 37°C (40° to 100°F), or the altitude is above 2,438 meters (8,000 feet), the evaporative emissions (EVAP) monitor does not run. If the DTC P1000 must be cleared in these conditions, the powertrain control module (PCM) must detect them once before the EVAP monitor can be bypassed and the P1000 cleared. The EVAP bypassing procedure is described in the following drive cycle.
The OBD drive cycle is carried out using a scan tool. Consult the instruction article for each described function.