Inspection and Verification
- Verify the customer concern.
- Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical damage. DRIVELINE SYSTEM INSPECTION CHART Mechanical U-joints Constant velocity (CV) joints Center bearings Driveshaft tubes Mounting brackets Flanges Housing and cover damage Differential bearings Differential gearsets Pinion bearings
- If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible) before proceeding to the next step.
- If the cause is not visually evident, verify the symptom and GO to «SYMPTOM CHARTS - NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH)»(ref-348653-S33182308992009112700000) in the following procedure.
Driveshaft Center U-Joint and Constant Velocity (CV) Joint Inspection
With the vehicle in NEUTRAL, position it on a hoist. See LIFTING . Rotate the driveshaft by hand. Check for rough operation or seizure of the U-joints or CV joints. Install a new driveshaft if it shows signs of seizure, excessive wear or incorrect seating. See DRIVESHAFT REMOVAL/INSTALLATION .
Symptom Charts - Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)
Note. Noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) symptoms should be identified using the diagnostic tools that are available. For a list of these tools, see SERVICE TOOLS . Since it is possible any one of the multiple systems may be the cause of the symptom, it may be necessary to use a process of elimination type diagnostic approach to pinpoint the responsible system. If this is not the causal system for the symptom, see SUSPENSION SYSTEM - DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING for the next likely system and continue diagnosis.
| Condition | Possible Causes | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Axle howling or whine - front or rear axle | Axle lubricant low Axle housing damage Damaged or worn wheel hub bearings Damaged or worn differential side or pinion bearings | CHECK the lubricant level. FILL the axle to specification. INSPECT the axle housing for damage. REPAIR or INSTALL a new axle as necessary. See AXLE ASSEMBLY REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CHECK for abnormal wheel hub bearing play or roughness. See REAR SUSPENSION or FRONT SUSPENSION . INSPECT and INSTALL a new differential ring and pinion as necessary. See DIFFERENTIAL - FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) DISASSEMBLY/ASSEMBLY . INSPECT and INSTALL a new differential side or pinion bearings as necessary. See DIFFERENTIAL - FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) DISASSEMBLY/ASSEMBLY . |
| Driveline clunk - loud clunk when shifting from reverse to drive | Incorrect axle lubricant level Excessive backlash in the axle Damaged or worn pinion bearings Damaged or worn U-joints | CHECK the lubricant level. FILL the axle to specification. CHECK the axle backlash. REPAIR as necessary. See DIFFERENTIAL - FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) DISASSEMBLY/ASSEMBLY . REPAIR or INSTALL new pinion bearings as necessary. See DIFFERENTIAL - FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) DISASSEMBLY/ASSEMBLY . INSPECT the U-joints for wear or damage. INSTALL new U-joints or driveshaft as necessary. See UNIVERSAL JOINT - CENTER AND REAR or DRIVESHAFT REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . |
| Driveline clunk - occurs as the vehicle starts to move forward following a stop | Worn driveshaft CV joint or U-joints with excessive play Loose rear axle mount | INSPECT the CV joint and U-joints for a worn condition. INSTALL a new driveshaft or U-joints as necessary. See DRIVESHAFT REMOVAL/INSTALLATION or UNIVERSAL JOINT - CENTER AND REAR . CHECK the axle for loose bolts. TIGHTEN to specification. See AXLE ASSEMBLY REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . |
| Driveline clunk (front wheel drive (FWD) vehicles) - occurs during acceleration or from cruise to deceleration/acceleration | Damaged or worn inner CV joint | INSPECT the inner CV joint and boot. INSTALL a new CV joint as necessary. See FRONT DRIVE HALFSHAFTS REMOVAL/INSTALLATION or REAR DRIVE HALFSHAFTS REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . |
| Clicking, popping or grinding - occurs while the vehicle is turning | Inadequate or contaminated lubrication in the CV joints Another component contacting the halfshaft | CHECK the CV boots and joints for wear or damage. INSTALL new components as necessary. See FRONT DRIVE HALFSHAFTS REMOVAL/INSTALLATION or REAR DRIVE HALFSHAFTS REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CHECK the halfshafts and the area around the halfshafts. REPAIR as necessary. See FRONT DRIVE HALFSHAFTS REMOVAL/INSTALLATION or REAR DRIVE HALFSHAFTS REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . |
| High pitched chattering - noise from the rear axle when the vehicle is turning | Incorrect or contaminated lubricant Damaged or worn differential (differential side gears and pinion gears) | CHECK the vehicle by driving in tight circles (5 clockwise, 5 counterclockwise). FLUSH and REFILL with the specified rear axle lubricant and friction modifier as necessary. REPAIR or INSTALL new differential side gears or pinion gears as necessary. See DIFFERENTIAL - FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) DISASSEMBLY/ASSEMBLY . |
| Buzz - buzzing noise is the same at cruise or coast/deceleration | Incorrect driveline angles | CHECK for correct driveline angles. REPAIR as necessary. See DRIVELINE ANGLE MEASUREMENT . |
| Rumble or boom - noise occurs at coast/deceleration, usually driveshaft speed-related and noticeable over a wide range of speeds | Driveshaft is out-of-balance U-joints are binding or seized | CHECK the driveshaft for damage, missing balance weighs or undercoating. See DRIVESHAFT RUNOUT AND BALANCE . ROTATE the driveshaft and CHECK for rough operation or seized U-joints. INSTALL new U-joints or driveshaft as necessary. See UNIVERSAL JOINT - CENTER AND REAR or DRIVESHAFT REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . |
| Grunting - normally associated with a shudder experienced during acceleration from a complete stop | Driveshaft CV joint binding Loose rear axle mount bolts or suspension fasteners | CLEAN the CV joint and ' INSTALL a new driveshaft as necessary. See DRIVESHAFT REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . INSPECT the rear suspension and axle. TIGHTEN the fasteners to specification. See AXLE ASSEMBLY REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . |
| Howl - can occur at various speeds and driving conditions. Affected by acceleration and deceleration | Incorrect ring and pinion contact, incorrect bearing preload or gear damage | INSPECT and REPAIR as necessary. See DIFFERENTIAL - FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) DISASSEMBLY/ASSEMBLY . |
| Chuckle - heard at coast/deceleration. Also described as a knock | Incorrect ring and pinion contact or damaged teeth on the coast side of the ring and pinion | INSPECT and REPAIR as necessary. See DIFFERENTIAL - FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) DISASSEMBLY/ASSEMBLY . |
| Knock - noise heard at various speeds. Not affected by acceleration or deceleration | Gear tooth damage to the drive side of the ring and pinion | REPLACE the ring and pinion. See DIFFERENTIAL - FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) DISASSEMBLY/ASSEMBLY . |
| Scraping noise - a continuous low pitched noise starting at low speeds | Worn or damaged pinion bearings | INSPECT and REPAIR or REPLACE pinion bearings. See DIFFERENTIAL - FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) DISASSEMBLY/ASSEMBLY . |
| Driveline shudder - occurs during acceleration from a slow speed or stop | Rear drive axle assembly mispositioned Loose rear axle bolts Driveline angles out of specification U-joints binding or seized Binding or damaged driveshaft CV joint | CHECK the axle mounts and the rear suspension for damage or wear. REPAIR as necessary. See AXLE ASSEMBLY REMOVAL/INSTALLATION CHECK the rear axle for loosed bolts. TIGHTEN to specification. See AXLE ASSEMBLY REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CHECK for correct driveline angles. See DRIVELINE ANGLE MEASUREMENT . ROTATE the driveshaft and CHECK for rough operation or seized U-joints. INSTALL new U-joints or driveshaft as necessary. See UNIVERSAL JOINT - CENTER AND REAR or DRIVESHAFT REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . |
| Driveline vibration - occurs at cruising speeds | Worn U-joints Worn or damaged driveshaft Loose axle pinion flange bolts Excessive axle pinion flange runout Driveshaft out-of-balance Binding or damaged driveshaft CV joint Excessive driveshaft runout Driveline angles out of specification Incorrectly seated CV joint in the wheel hub | CHECK for wear or incorrect seating. INSTALL new U-joints or driveshaft as necessary. See UNIVERSAL JOINT - CENTER AND REAR or DRIVESHAFT REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CHECK the insulator for damage or wear. ROTATE the driveshaft and CHECK for rough operation. INSTALL an new driveshaft as necessary. See DRIVESHAFT REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . INSPECT the axle pinion flange. TIGHTEN the pinion flange bolts to specification. See DRIVESHAFT REMOVAL/INSTALLATION CARRY OUT a runout check. REPAIR as necessary. See DRIVESHAFT REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CHECK the driveshaft for damage, missing balance weights or undercoating. CHECK the driveshaft balance. CARRY OUT a driveline vibration test. See DRIVESHAFT RUNOUT AND BALANCE . INSPECT the driveshaft CV joint for wear or damage. INSTALL a new driveshaft as necessary. See DRIVESHAFT REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CARRY OUT a mount check. See DRIVESHAFT RUNOUT AND BALANCE . CHECK for correct driveline angles. REPAIR as necessary. See DRIVELINE ANGLE MEASUREMENT . CHECK the outer CV joint for correct seating into the hub. REPAIR as necessary. See FRONT DRIVE HALFSHAFTS REMOVAL/INSTALLATION or REAR DRIVE HALFSHAFTS REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . |
SYMPTOM CHARTS - NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH)
FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM INSPECTION/VERIFICATION
Go to the appropriate Tribute Wiring Diagram for schematic information.
- Verify the customer concern.
- Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical or electrical damage. VISUAL INSPECTION CHART Mechanical Electrical Active torque coupling (ATC) solenoid (part of the rear axle) Power transfer unit (PTU) Rear drive unit (RDU) Halfshafts and constant velocity (CV) joints Driveshaft and U-joints Fluid leaks Wheel/tire size and brand Matching tire size and brand Tire pressure Smart junction box (SJB) fuse(s): 11 (10A) 35 (10A) 4X4 control module Wiring, terminals or connectors
- If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible) before proceeding to the next step.
- If the cause is not visually evident, connect the scan tool to the data link connector (DLC). NOTE: Make sure to use the latest scan tool software release.
- If the scan tool does not communicate with the VCM: check the VCM connection to the vehicle. check the scan tool connection to the VCM. see «COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK - TROUBLESHOOTING»(ref-348628-S04262253202009112700000) , No Power To The Scan Tool to diagnose no power to the scan tool. NOTE: The vehicle communication module (VCM) LED prove out confirms power and ground from the DLC are provided to the VCM.
- If the scan tool does not communicate with the vehicle: verify the ignition key is in the ON position. see «PINPOINT TEST 1: THE PCM DOES NOT RESPOND TO THE SCAN TOOL»(ref-348628-S33263525112009112700000) to diagnose no response from the PCM.
- Carry out the network test. If the scan tool responds with no communication for one or more modules, see «COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK - TROUBLESHOOTING»(ref-348628-S04262253202009112700000) . If the network test passes, retrieve and record continuous memory DTCs.
- Clear the continuous DTCs and carry out the self-test diagnostics for the 4X4 control module.
- If the DTCs retrieved are related to the concern, go to the «4X4 CONTROL MODULE DTC CHART»(ref-348653-S02993190532009112700000) . For all other DTCs, see «DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) CHART - B, C AND U CODES»(ref-348628-S31192522102009112700000) .
- If no DTCs related to the concern are retrieved, see «SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM»(ref-348653-S00857315002009112700000) .
4X4 Control Module DTC Chart
| DTC | Description | Action |
|---|---|---|
| B1317 | Battery Voltage High | See PINPOINT TEST 2: 4X4 CONTROL MODULE BATTERY VOLTAGE IS HIGH OR LOW . |
| B1318 | Battery Voltage Low | See PINPOINT TEST 2: 4X4 CONTROL MODULE BATTERY VOLTAGE IS HIGH OR LOW . |
| B1342 | ECU is Defective | CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. If DTC B1342 is retrieved again, INSTALL a new 4X4 control module. See 4X4 CONTROL MODULE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . TEST the system for normal operation. |
| P1635 | Tire/Axle Out of Acceptable Range | See PINPOINT TEST 8: TIRE/AXLE OUT OF ACCEPTABLE RANGE . |
| P1824 | 4WD Clutch Relay Circuit Failure | See PINPOINT TEST 6: VEHICLE HAS NO OR INADEQUATE TORQUE AT REAR WHEELS . |
| P1825 | 4WD Clutch Relay Open Circuit | See PINPOINT TEST 6: VEHICLE HAS NO OR INADEQUATE TORQUE AT REAR WHEELS . |
| U0100 | Lost Communication with PCM | See PINPOINT TEST 5: HIGH-SPEED CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK (HS-CAN) COMMUNICATIONS BUS FAULT . |
| U0121 | Lost Communication with Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) | See PINPOINT TEST 5: HIGH-SPEED CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK (HS-CAN) COMMUNICATIONS BUS FAULT . |
| U0155 | Lost Communication with Instrument Cluster (IC) | See DTC CHART - COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK . |
| U0415 | Invalid Data Received From ABS | See PINPOINT TEST 3: 4X4 CONTROL MODULE RECEIVED NO/INVALID DATA FROM PCM . |
| U2050 | No Application Present | CONFIGURE the 4X4 control module. See PROGRAMMABLE MODULE INSTALLATION (PMI) to carry out programmable module installation (PMI). CLEAR the DTCs retrieve the DTCs and VERIFY successful module configuration. If DTC U2050 is retrieved again, INSTALL a new 4X4 control module. See 4X4 CONTROL MODULE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . |
| U2051 | One or More Calibration Files Missing/Corrupt | Configure the 4X4 control module. See PROGRAMMABLE MODULE INSTALLATION (PMI) to carry out programmable module installation (PMI). Clear the DTCs retrieve the DTCs and verify successful module configuration. If DTC U2051 is retrieved again. INSTALL a new 4X4 control module. See 4X4 CONTROL MODULE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . |
DTC CHART
SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM
| Condition | Possible Sources | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Unable to duplicate customer concern; no DTCs present | The concern description is inaccurate | CARRY OUT the All Wheel Drive (AWD) System Functional Test. See PINPOINT TEST 1: FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL TEST . |
| Battery voltage is high/low (4X4 control module) | Concern with voltage regulator or generator Smart junction box (SJB) fuse(s): 11 (10A), 34 (5A) Intermittent open power circuit 4X4 control module internal power relay failure | See PINPOINT TEST 2: 4X4 CONTROL MODULE BATTERY VOLTAGE IS HIGH OR LOW . |
| 4X4 control module received no/invalid data from the PCM | Invalid data received from the PCM Data out of range | See DTC INDEX - PCM to diagnose the accelerator position, engine coolant or keep alive memory fault. |
| 4X4 control module received no/invalid data from ABS module | Invalid data received from the ABS module Data out of range | See PINPOINT TEST 3: 4X4 CONTROL MODULE RECEIVED NO/INVALID DATA FROM PCM . |
| High-speed controller area network (HS-CAN) communications bus fault | HS-CAN bus fault PCM fault ABS fault Instrument Cluster (IC) fault 4X4 control module | See COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK - TROUBLESHOOTING . |
| Vehicle has no or inadequate torque at rear wheels | Rear axle PTU mechanical failure Tire/wheels Active torque coupling Smart junction box (SJB) fuses: 11 (10A) 34 (5A) 4X4 control module Wiring, terminals or connectors | See AXLE ASSEMBLY REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . See POWER TRANSFER UNIT (PTU) - REMOVAL and POWER TRANSFER UNIT (PTU) - INSTALLATION . See PINPOINT TEST 8: TIRE/AXLE OUT OF ACCEPTABLE RANGE . See PINPOINT TEST 6: VEHICLE HAS NO OR INADEQUATE TORQUE AT REAR WHEELS . |
| Vehicle binds in a turn or resists turning/pulsates or shudders in a straight line | Wheel/tire assemblies Brake system Wheel bearings Halfshafts Wheel speed sensor(s) 4X4 control module Active torque coupling (ATC) solenoid (part of the rear axle) Wiring, terminals or connectors | See SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - HARSHNESS . See SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - CONVENTIONAL BRAKE SYSTEM . See SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - SUSPENSION SYSTEM . See DRIVELINE SYSTEM DESCRIPTION/OPERATION . See ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS) DTC CHART . See PINPOINT TEST 7: VEHICLE BINDS IN A TURN OR RESISTS TURNING . |
| Tire/axle out of acceptable range | Wheels/tires Wheel speed sensors ABS module 4X4 control module | See PINPOINT TEST 8: TIRE/AXLE OUT OF ACCEPTABLE RANGE . |
TROUBLESHOOTING CHART
Scheme 21
Scheme 22
Diagnostic Procedure
| PINPOINT TEST 1 | FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL TEST | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| STEP | INSPECTION | ACTION | |
| 1 | CHECK FOR WRENCH LIGHT PROVE-OUT Key in ON position. Observe the wrench light. Does the wrench light illuminate for 3 seconds and then turn OFF? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | See SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - INSTRUMENT CLUSTER . | ||
| 2 | CHECK FOR ACTIVE TORQUE COUPLING (ATC) SOLENOID (PART OF REAR AXLE) LOCK Drive the vehicle on a dry, hard surface in turns while applying the accelerator pedal. Is the driveline wind-up present in turns? | Yes | With the ignition key in ON position, Key On Engine Off (KOEO), allow the active torque coupling (ATC) solenoid to cool down for at least 10 minutes and REPEAT the test. CHECK for wind-up again. If no wind-up is found, GO to the next step. If still present, GO to PINPOINT TEST 7: VEHICLE BINDS IN A TURN OR RESISTS TURNING . |
| No | GO to next step. | ||
| 3 | CHECK FOR VALID ACCELERATOR PEDAL POSITION MONITORING THE ACCELERATOR PEDAL POSITION (APP) PID Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger - 4X4 Control Module. Monitor the APP PID while pressing the accelerator pedal. Does the accelerator pedal position match the APP PID percent value? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | See THROTTLE BODY ASSEMBLY ELECTRONIC THROTTLE CONTROL (ETC) . | ||
| 4 | CHECK THE 4X4 CONTROL MODULE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR PIDs Enter the following mode on the scan tool: 4X4 Control Module DataLogger. While driving the vehicle at 48 km/h (30 mph), monitor the following wheel speed sensor PIDs: Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (LF_WSPD) Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (LR_WSPD) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (RF_WSPD) Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (RR_WSPD) Are all 4 wheel speed sensor input PID values within 2 km/h (1.2 mph) of each other? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | See PINPOINT TEST 8: TIRE/AXLE OUT OF ACCEPTABLE RANGE . | ||
| 5 | CHECK THE VEHICLE ACCELERATION IN A STRAIGHT LINE Carry out 3 accelerations from 0-48 km/h (0-30 mph) in a straight line (one each with low, medium and high throttle). Does the vehicle pulsate or shudder while accelerating? | Yes | See PINPOINT TEST 7: VEHICLE BINDS IN A TURN OR RESISTS TURNING . |
| No | GO to the next step. | ||
| 6 | CHECK THE VEHICLE TURNING ABILITY Drive the vehicle in a fully locked turn, on dry pavement, at 8 km/h (5 mph). Does the vehicle bind in the turn or resist turning? | Yes | See PINPOINT TEST 7: VEHICLE BINDS IN A TURN OR RESISTS TURNING . |
| No | GO to the next step. | ||
| 7 | CHECK FOR TORQUE AT THE REAR WHEELS USING PWM OUTPUT CONTROL COMMANDS (CLCH SOL) ACTIVE COMMAND Enter the following mode on the scan tool: 4X4 Control Module DataLogger. Using the scan tool, command CLCH_SOL to energize the ATC solenoid to a constant 100% applied. Drive the vehicle in a fully locked turn, on dry pavement, at 8 km/h (5 mph). Does the vehicle have bind in the turn or resist turning? | Yes | End the active command. The concern can not be duplicated at this time. RETURN the vehicle to the customer. |
| No | End the active command. CHECK that the driveshaft rotates when the transaxle is in gear. If it does, see PINPOINT TEST 6: VEHICLE HAS NO OR INADEQUATE TORQUE AT REAR WHEELS . If it does not, check the PTU. See POWER TRANSFER UNIT (PTU) - REMOVAL . | ||
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE CHART
Note. Carry out Steps 1-10 outlined in Inspection and Verification prior to carrying out this test. See FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM INSPECTION/VERIFICATION .
Note. DTCs B1317, B1318 or B1676 can be set if the vehicle has been recently jump started, the battery has been recently charged or the battery has been discharged. The battery may become discharged due to excessive load(s) on the charging system from aftermarket accessories or if the vehicle has been left unattended with the accessories on.
| PINPOINT TEST 2 | 4X4 CONTROL MODULE BATTERY VOLTAGE IS HIGH OR LOW | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| STEP | INSPECTION | ACTION | |
| 1 | RETRIEVE ALL DTCs IN ALL MODULES Key in ON position. Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: Self-Test - All Is DTC B1317, B1318 or B1676 present in more than one module and DTC P0563, P0620, P0625, P0626 or P065B present in the PCM? | Yes | See SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - CHARGING SYSTEM for diagnosis of the battery and charging system. |
| No | GO to the next step. | ||
| 2 | CHECK BATTERY CONDITION Carry out the Battery - Condition Test. See BATTERY AND CABLES . Does the battery pass the condition test? | Yes | If the battery passed the condition test, but required a recharge, see SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - CHARGING SYSTEM for diagnosis of the battery and charging system. CLEAR all continuous memory DTCs. TEST the system for normal operation. If the battery passed the condition test and did not require a recharge, GO to the next step. |
| No | INSTALL a new battery. See BATTERY REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CLEAR all continuous memory DTCs. TEST the system for normal operation. | ||
| 3 | CHECK THE CHARGING SYSTEM VOLTAGE NOTE: Do not allow the engine RPM to increase above 2,000 RPM while carrying out this step or the generator may self excite and result in default charging system output voltage. If engine RPM has gone above 2,000 RPM, shut the vehicle off and restart the engine before carrying out this step. Start the engine. Measure the voltage of the battery. For DTC B1317, turn off all accessories and run the engine at 1,500 RPM for a minimum of 2 minutes. For DTC B1318, turn on headlights and HVAC fan on high and engine at 1,500 RPM for a minimum of 2 minutes. Is the battery voltage between 13-15.2 volts? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | See SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - CHARGING SYSTEM for diagnosis of the battery and charging system. CLEAR all continuous memory DTCs. TEST the system for normal operation. | ||
| 4 | CHECK FOR VOLTAGE BY MONITORING THE MODULE SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VBAT_4X4) PID Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger - 4X4 Control Module. With the engine running, monitor the battery voltage VBAT_4X4 PID. Is the battery voltage less than 9 or greater than 15.5 volts? | Yes | If the voltage is less than 9 volts, GO to the next step. If the voltage is greater than 15.5 volts, INSTALL a new 4X4 control module. See 4X4 CONTROL MODULE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. |
| No | GO to PINPOINT TEST 7: VEHICLE BINDS IN A TURN OR RESISTS TURNING . | ||
| 5 | CHECK CIRCUIT (B/GY) FOR AN OPEN Key in OFF position. Disconnect: 4X4 Control Module 0318-01. Measure the resistance between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 15, circuit (B/GY), harness side and ground. Repeat this measurement while wiggling the harness. Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | REPAIR the circuit in question. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
| 6 | CHECK THE POWER TO THE 4X4 CONTROL MODULE Key in ON position. Measure the voltage between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 4, circuit (Y/GY), harness side and ground; and between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 5, circuit (L/R), harness side and ground. Are the voltages greater than 10 volts? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | REPAIR the circuit in question. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
| 7 | CHECK FOR CORRECT 4X4 CONTROL MODULE OPERATION Disconnect the 4X4 control module. Check the harness and component side connectors for: corrosion damaged pins pushed-out pins Connect the 4X4 control module connector and make sure it seats correctly. Operate the system and verify the concern is still present. Is the concern still present? | Yes | INSTALL a new 4X4 control module. See 4X4 CONTROL MODULE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. |
| No | The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
| NOTE |
|---|
| Do not allow the engine RPM to increase above 2,000 RPM while carrying out this step or the generator may self excite and result in default charging system output voltage. If engine RPM has gone above 2,000 RPM, shut the vehicle off and restart the engine before carrying out this step. |
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE CHART
| WARNING | When directed to drive the vehicle as part of this test, drive the vehicle on a hard surface in an area without traffic to prevent a crash. Failure to follow these instructions may result in personal injury. |
Note. Carry out Steps 1-10 outlined in Inspection and Verification prior to carrying out this test. See FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM INSPECTION/VERIFICATION .
| PINPOINT TEST 3 | 4X4 CONTROL MODULE RECEIVED NO/INVALID DATA FROM PCM | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| STEP | INSPECTION | ACTION | |
| 1 | CHECK FOR ABS MODULE DTCs Carry out the ABS self-test. Review the results of the ABS module self-test. Are any DTCs present? | Yes | See SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS) . |
| No | GO to next step. | ||
| 2 | CHECK WHEEL SPEED SENSORS Key in ON position. Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: PID/DATA Monitor and Record. Monitor the 4 wheel speed sensors while driving the vehicle at a constant speed of 48 km/h (30 mph). Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (LF_WSPD) Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (LR_WSPD) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (RF_WSPD) Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (RR_WSPD) Do the 4 wheel speed sensors match the speedometer and are they within 2 km/h (1.2 mph) of each other? | Yes | The system is operating correctly at this time. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. |
| No | See SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS) for further diagnosis of the ABS system. | ||
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE CHART
Note. Carry out Steps 1-10 outlined in Inspection and Verification prior to carrying out this test. See FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM INSPECTION/VERIFICATION .
| PINPOINT TEST 5 | HIGH-SPEED CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK (HS-CAN) COMMUNICATIONS BUS FAULT | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| STEP | INSPECTION | ACTION | |
| 1 | CHECK THE HS-CAN CIRCUITS BETWEEN THE DATA LINK CONNECTOR (DLC) AND THE 4X4 CONTROL MODULE FOR AN OPEN Key in OFF position. Measure the resistance between 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 3, circuit (W/L), harness side and D-01 pin 6, circuit (W/L), harness side; and between 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 11, circuit (W), harness side and D-01 pin 14, circuit (W), harness side. Are the resistances less than 5 ohms? | Yes | GO to next step. |
| No | REPAIR the circuit(s). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. CARRY OUT the data link diagnostics test. | ||
| 2 | CHECK THE HS-CAN CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND Key in OFF position. Measure the resistance between 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 3, circuit (W/L), harness side and ground; and between 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 11, circuit (W), harness side and ground. Are the resistances greater than 10,000 ohms? | Yes | GO to next step. |
| No | REPAIR the circuit(s). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. CARRY OUT the data link diagnostics test. | ||
| 3 | CHECK THE RESISTANCE BETWEEN HS-CAN CIRCUITS Key in OFF position. Measure the resistance between 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 3, circuit (W/L), harness side and 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 11, circuit (W), harness side. NOTE: The PCM and the instrument cluster (IC) must be connected and operating correctly to obtain the correct resistance between the HS-CAN circuits. Is the resistance 60 ohms (± 5 ohms)? | Yes | GO to next step. |
| No | REPAIR the circuit(s). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. CARRY OUT the data link diagnostics test. | ||
| 4 | CHECK FOR DTCs U0100 AND U0121 SET TOGETHER Carry out the 4X4 control module self-test. Review the results of the 4X4 control module self-test. Are DTCs U0100 and U0121 set together? | Yes | See COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK - TROUBLESHOOTING . |
| No | GO to the next step. | ||
| 5 | CHECK FOR DTC U0100 Refer to the results of the 4X4 control module self-test. Is DTC U0100 set? | Yes | The PCM is not sending any data to the 4X4 control module. See PCM POWER RELAY . |
| No | GO to the next step. | ||
| 6 | CHECK FOR DTC U0121 Refer to the results of the 4X4 control module self-test. Is DTC U0121 set? | Yes | The ABS module is not sending any data to the 4X4 control module. See SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS) . |
| No | GO to the next step. | ||
| 7 | CHECK FOR CORRECT 4X4 CONTROL MODULE OPERATION Disconnect the 4X4 control module. Check the harness and component side connectors for: corrosion damaged pins pushed-out pins Connect the 4X4 control module connector and make sure it seats correctly. Operate the system and verify the concern is still present. Is the concern still present? | Yes | INSTALL a new 4X4 control module. See 4X4 CONTROL MODULE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. |
| No | The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
| NOTE |
|---|
| The PCM and the instrument cluster (IC) must be connected and operating correctly to obtain the correct resistance between the HS-CAN circuits. |
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE CHART
Note. Carry out Steps 1-10 outlined in Inspection and Verification prior to carrying out this test. See FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM INSPECTION/VERIFICATION .
| PINPOINT TEST 6 | VEHICLE HAS NO OR INADEQUATE TORQUE AT REAR WHEELS | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| STEP | INSPECTION | ACTION | |
| 1 | CHECK FOR 4X4 CONTROL MODULE DTCs Carry out the 4X4 control module self-test. Are any DTCs received? | Yes | For DTC P1824 or P1825, GO to the next step. For all other DTCs, see FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM INSPECTION/VERIFICATION . |
| No | GO to step 9. | ||
| 2 | CHECK CIRCUITS (V/W) AND (W/V) FOR A SHORT TO GROUND WITH THE ATC SOLENOID (PART OF REAR AXLE) CONNECTED Key in OFF position. Disconnect: 4X4 Control Module 0318-01. Measure the resistance between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 8, circuit (V/W), harness side and ground; and between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 16, circuit (W/V), harness side and ground. Are the resistances greater than 10,000 ohms? | Yes | GO to step 5. |
| No | GO to the next step. | ||
| 3 | CHECK CIRCUITS (V/W) AND (W/V) FOR A SHORT TO GROUND WITH THE ATC SOLENOID DISCONNECTED Disconnect: ATC Solenoid 0318-02. Measure the resistance between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 8, circuit (V/W), harness side and ground; and between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 16, circuit (W/V), harness side and ground. Are the resistances greater than 10,000 ohms? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | REPAIR the circuit in question. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
| 4 | CHECK CIRCUITS (V/W) AND (W/V) FOR AN OPEN WITH THE ATC SOLENOID CONNECTED Connect: ATC Solenoid 0318-02. Measure the resistance between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 8, circuit (V/W), harness side and the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 16, circuit (W/V), harness side. Is the resistance less than 10 ohms? | Yes | GO to step 7. |
| No | GO to the next step. | ||
| 5 | CHECK CIRCUITS (V/W) AND (W/V) FOR AN OPEN Disconnect: ATC Solenoid 0318-02. Measure the resistance between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 8, circuit (V/W), harness side and the ATC solenoid jumper harness 0318-02 pin 1, circuit (V/W), harness side. Repeat this measurement while wiggling the harness. Measure the resistance between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 16, circuit (W/V), harness side and the ATC solenoid 0318-02 pin 2, circuit (W/V), harness side. Repeat this measurement while wiggling the harness. Are the resistances less than 5 ohms? | Yes | GO to next step. |
| No | REPAIR the circuit in question. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
| 6 | CHECK THE ATC COUPLING SOLENOID FOR AN INTERNAL OPEN Measure the resistance between the ATC solenoid 0318-02 pin 1, circuit (V/W), component side, and ATC solenoid 0318-02 pin 2, circuit (W/V), component side. Repeat this measurement while wiggling the harness. Is the resistance less than 10 ohms? | Yes | CONNECT the active torque control coupling solenoid 0318-2 and MAKE SURE the connector seats correctly. GO to step 9. |
| No | INSTALL a new rear axle assembly. See AXLE ASSEMBLY REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
| 7 | CHECK CIRCUIT (B/GY) FOR AN OPEN Measure the resistance between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 15, circuit (B/GY), harness side and ground. Repeat this measurement while wiggling the harness. Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | REPAIR the circuit. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
| 8 | CHECK THE 4X4 CONTROL MODULE POWER CIRCUITS Key in ON position. Measure the voltage between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 5, circuit (Y/GY), harness side and ground; and between the 4X4 control module 0318-01 pin 6, circuit (L/R), harness side and ground. Are the voltages greater than 10 volts? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | CHECK the Smart Junction Box (SJB) fuses 11 (10A) and 34 (5A). If fuses are OK, REPAIR the circuit in question for open or short to ground. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
| 9 | CHECK FOR CORRECT 4X4 CONTROL MODULE OPERATION Disconnect the 4X4 control module 0318-01. Check the harness and component side connectors for: corrosion damaged pins pushed-out pins Check the ATC solenoid jumper harness between the 4X4 control Connect the 4X4 control module and make sure it seats correctly. Operate the system and verify the concern is still present. Is the concern still present? | Yes | INSTALL a new 4X4 control module. See 4X4 CONTROL MODULE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. |
| No | The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE CHART
Note. Carry out Steps 1-7 outlined in Inspection and Verification prior to carrying out this test. See FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM INSPECTION/VERIFICATION .
| PINPOINT TEST 7 | VEHICLE BINDS IN A TURN OR RESISTS TURNING | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| STEP | INSPECTION | ACTION | |
| 1 | CHECK FOR TORQUE AT THE REAR WHEELS Key in OFF position. Disconnect: Active Torque Coupling (ATC) Solenoid part of the rear axle) 0318-02. Drive the vehicle in a straight line on dry pavement. Is a pulsation or shudder still present? | Yes | See DRIVELINE SYSTEM INSPECTION/VERIFICATION for additional axle diagnosis. |
| No | GO to the next step. | ||
| 2 | CHECK TO SEE IF THE ATC SOLENOID IS BEING COMMANDED ON MONITORING 4WD CLUTCH PWM STATUS (4WDCPMST) PID Connect: ATC Solenoid 0318-02. Key in ON position. Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger - 4X4 Control Module. Monitor the 4WDCPWMST PID. Drive the vehicle no faster than 8 km/h (5 mph) in tight turns on dry pavement while monitoring the ATC solenoid duty cycle. Is the duty cycle greater than 20%? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | See PINPOINT TEST 8: TIRE/AXLE OUT OF ACCEPTABLE RANGE . | ||
| 3 | CHECK FOR THE CORRECT WHEEL SPEEDS USING THE WHEEL SPEED SENSORS PIDs Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger While driving the vehicle at a constant speed of 48 km/h (30 mph), monitor the wheel speed PIDs. Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (LF_WSPD) Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (LR_WSPD) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (RF_WSPD) Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (RR_WSPD) Are all 4 wheel speed PIDs within 2 km/h (1.2 mph) of each other? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | See PINPOINT TEST 8: TIRE/AXLE OUT OF ACCEPTABLE RANGE . | ||
| 4 | CHECK FOR A VALID THROTTLE POSITION Key in the ON position with the engine OFF. Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger Monitor the AP PID while pressing/releasing the accelerator pedal. Does the accelerator position match the PID percent value? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | See THROTTLE BODY ASSEMBLY ELECTRONIC THROTTLE CONTROL (ETC) . | ||
| 5 | CHECK FOR CORRECT 4X4 CONTROL MODULE OPERATION Disconnect the 4X4 control module. Check the harness and component side connectors for: corrosion damaged pins pushed-out pins Check the ATC solenoid jumper harness between the 4X4 control module and the ATC solenoid, located on the rear subframe. Connect the 4X4 control module connector and make sure it seats correctly. Operate the system and verify the concern is still present. Is the concern still present? | Yes | INSTALL a new 4X4 control module. See 4X4 CONTROL MODULE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. |
| No | The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE CHART
| WARNING | When directed to drive the vehicle as part of this test, drive the vehicle on a hard surface in an area without traffic to prevent a crash. Failure to follow these instructions may result in personal injury. |
Note. This test must be carried out on a hard surface in a vacant area without traffic.
Note. Carry out Steps 1-7 outlined in Inspection and Verification prior to carrying out this test. See FOUR WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) SYSTEM INSPECTION/VERIFICATION .
| PINPOINT TEST 8 | TIRE/AXLE OUT OF ACCEPTABLE RANGE | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| STEP | INSPECTION | ACTION | |
| 1 | CHECK THE RECENT TIRE USAGE Check with the customer about recent tire usage or installation. Has a tire been installed on the vehicle recently that was not originally supplied with the vehicle? | Yes | INFORM the customer to only use tires of the type supplied with the vehicle. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. |
| No | GO to the next step. | ||
| 2 | CHECK TIRE SIZE AND BRAND Check the tire size and the brand of tire. Are all 4 tires the same size and brand? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | INSTALL tires that are the same size and brand. INFORM the customer to only use the same size tires and brand. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
| 3 | CHECK TIRE PRESSURES Check the tire pressure in all 4 tires. Are all 4 tires at the recommended tire pressure? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | ADJUST the tire pressures. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. INFORM the customer to maintain the correct tire pressure. | ||
| 4 | CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR INPUT PIDs Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger - 4X4 Control Module. While driving the vehicle at a constant speed of 48 km/h (30 mph), monitor the wheel speed PIDs. Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (LF_WSPD) Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (LR_WSPD) Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (RF_WSPD) Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (RR_WSPD) Are all 4 wheel speeds within 2 km/h (1.2 mph) of each other? | Yes | GO to the next step. |
| No | The ABS module is sending invalid wheel speed data to the 4X4 control module. See SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS) for additional ABS diagnosis. | ||
| 5 | CHECK FOR CORRECT 4X4 CONTROL MODULE OPERATION Disconnect the 4X4 control module. Check for: corrosion damaged pins pushed-out pins Connect the 4X4 control module connector and make sure it seats correctly. Operate the system and verify the concern is still present. Is the concern still present? | Yes | INSTALL a new 4X4 control module. See 4X4 CONTROL MODULE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. |
| No | The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. | ||
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE CHART