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Starting System: Overview Lincoln MKX I рестайлинг

Starter 3 illustrations ~1736 words

Principles of Operation - Without Intelligent Access (IA)

Note. This vehicle is equipped with Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) that disables the engine if an unprogrammed PATS key is used or an invalid PCM ID is received. PATS is controlled by the Body Control Module (BCM). If the PATS disables the engine from starting, the Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) displays "STARTING SYSTEM FAULT" in the message center. Refer to ANTI-THEFT - PASSIVE ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM (PATS) to diagnose a PATS concern.

The starting system is electronically controlled by the PCM. The PCM receives the following inputs

  1. Request to start the engine, ignition switch in the START position
  2. PATS enable status
  3. Correct transmission PARK or NEUTRAL input from the Transmission Range (TR) sensor

When the PCM receives the correct inputs, voltage and ground is supplied to the starter relay coil. The starter relay coil is energized causing the relay contacts to close providing voltage to the starter solenoid, allowing the starter motor to crank and start the engine. The PCM disengages the starter once an engine rpm threshold is reached, a set crank time is exceeded or the ignition is turned OFF.

Principles of Operation - With Intelligent Access (IA)

Note. This vehicle is equipped with Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) that disables the engine if an unprogrammed PATS key is used or an invalid PCM ID is received. PATS is controlled by the Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module, BCM and PCM. If the PATS disables the engine from starting, the IPC displays "STARTING SYSTEM FAULT" in the message center. Refer to ANTI-THEFT - PASSIVE ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM (PATS) to diagnose a PATS concern.

The RFA module and the BCM controls the ignition modes and in conjunction with the PCM controls the IA starting system. Under normal operation during a start event, the following inputs are received

  1. Start/stop switch pressed
  2. Brake pedal applied
  3. PATS enabled status
  4. Correct transmission PARK or NEUTRAL input from the Transmission Range (TR) sensor

When the PCM receives the correct inputs, voltage and ground is supplied to the starter relay coil. The starter relay coil is energized causing the relay contacts to close providing voltage to the starter solenoid, allowing the starter motor to crank and start the engine. The PCM disengages the starter once an engine rpm threshold is reached, a set crank time is exceeded or the start/stop switch is pressed indicating an engine shutdown.

Normal Operation

When the ignition switch is turned to the START position, the Body Control Module (BCM) and PCM receive a request to crank the engine. When the PCM receives the correct inputs from the BCM and notification from the Transmission Range (TR) sensor that the gear selector is in PARK or NEUTRAL, the PCM then supplies voltage and ground to the starter relay coil. The energized coil causes the starter relay contacts to close. This allows voltage to be supplied from the Battery Junction Box (BJB) to the starter solenoid coil. The starter solenoid coil is grounded at the starter motor. Energizing the starter solenoid closes the solenoid contacts allowing voltage directly from the battery to the starter motor, engaging the starter drive into the ring gear causing the engine to crank. The PCM disengages the starter motor once an engine RPM threshold is reached, a set crank time is exceeded or the ignition switch has been turned to the OFF position.

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following

  1. Battery
  2. Battery cables
  3. Fuse
  4. Wiring, terminals or connectors
  5. Ignition switch
  6. Starter motor
  7. Starter relay
  8. PCM
  9. TR
  10. Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS)
  11. BCM

When the start/stop switch is pressed in combination with the brake pedal, the Remote Function Actuator (RFA) module, Body Control Module (BCM) and PCM receive signals to crank and start the engine. The PCM and RFA module received notification from the Transmission Range (TR) sensor that the gear selector is in PARK or NEUTRAL. The PCM then supplies voltage and ground to the starter relay coil. The energized coil causes the starter relay contacts to close. This allows voltage to be supplied from Battery Junction Box (BJB) fuse 19 (30A) to the starter solenoid coil. The starter solenoid coil is grounded at the starter motor. Energizing the starter solenoid closes the solenoid contacts allowing voltage directly from the battery to the starter motor engaging the starter drive into the ring gear causing the engine to crank. The PCM disengages the starter motor once an engine rpm threshold is reached, a set crank time is exceeded or the start/stop switch is pressed indicating an engine shutdown.

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following

  1. Battery
  2. Battery cables
  3. Fuse
  4. Wiring, terminals or connectors
  5. Start/stop switch
  6. Brake switch
  7. Starter motor
  8. Starter relay
  9. PCM
  10. TR sensor
  1. Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS)
  2. BCM
  3. RFA module

The wake up control circuit is used to wake up the PCM prior to engine cranking. The PCM needs to wake up prior to a crank request so that it has time to go through its own initialization. The wake up control circuit also powers the Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) transceiver (if equipped). The wake up control circuit is controlled by the Body Control Module (BCM) and receives voltage from fuse 18 (10A).

The BCM activates the wake up control circuit when

  1. the driver door is opened.
  2. a remote start request is received (if equipped with factory remote start).
  3. the brake pedal is pressed.
  4. a key is inserted into the ignition.
  5. the ignition is in the RUN or START position.
  6. the start/stop switch is pressed, (if equipped with Intelligent Access (IA))
  7. DTC C113A:11 (Wake up Control: Circuit Short To Ground) - sets when the BCM detects a short to ground on the wake up control circuit.
  8. DTC C113A:15 (Wake up Control: Circuit Short To Battery or Open) - sets when the BCM detects a short to voltage or an open on the wake up control circuit.

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following

  1. Wiring, terminals or connectors
  2. PATS transceiver (if equipped)
  3. PCM
  4. BCM

An external antenna connected to the Tire Pressure Monitor Module (TPM) receives a signal from the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT) or Intelligent Access (IA) key to enable activation of the remote start function from a distance of up to 100 meters (328 feet). If the external antenna fails, the remote start operates with a reduction in the range of operation.

  1. DTC B1D55:01 (Antenna #2: General Electrical Failure) - this DTC is set if the vehicle is equipped with remote start but the system feedback circuit does not detect an external antenna.

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following

  1. External antenna
  2. External antenna lead
  3. TPM
  4. Wiring, terminals or connectors

The factory equipped remote start system enables the engine to be started from up to 100 meters (328 feet) away by pressing the Integrated Keyhead Transmitter (IKT) or Intelligent Access (IA) key lock button followed by 2 presses of the remote start button. The 3 button presses must occur within 3 seconds. The IKT or IA key signal is received through an external antenna attached to the Tire Pressure Monitor Module (TPM) and communicated over the Medium Speed Controller Area Network (MS-CAN) to initiate the vehicle start.

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following

  1. Wiring, terminals or connectors
  2. Remote start feature enabled
  3. IKT (vehicles without IA)
  4. IA key (vehicles with IA)
  5. External antenna
  6. Hood switch input
  7. PCM

When the ignition key is turned to the RUN or START position, the ignition switch supplies voltage to the PCM logic through the ignition circuit inputs to the BCM. The PCM then provides a ground to the START/RUN relay control circuit to activate the RUN/START relay. When the relay contacts close voltage is supplied to the PCM through Battery Junction Box (BJB) fuse 52 (10A) on the RUN/START bus and circuit.

  1. DTC P2532 (Ignition Switch Run Position Circuit High) -- sets when the PCM detects a voltage from the ACC/RUN bus when the ignition key is not in the START or RUN position.
  2. DTC P2535 (Ignition Switch Run/Start Position Circuit High) -- sets when the PCM detects a voltage from the RUN/START bus when the ignition key is not in the START or RUN position.

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following

  1. Wiring, terminals or connectors
  2. Starter relay
  3. BJB
  4. BCM
  5. PCM

Scheme 1

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Scheme 2

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Scheme 3

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Scheme 3
  1. G1 CHECK THE PCM FOR DTCS Ignition ON. Check the PCM for DTCs. Are any DTCs present? Yes : For DTC P2532 , GO to G2. For DTC P2535 , GO to G3 . For all other PCM DTCs, REFER to «ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS»(ref-494600) . No : The system is operating correctly at this time. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. TEST the system for normal operation.
  2. G2 CHECK THE RUN START CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT TO VOLTAGE Ignition OFF. Disconnect: PCM C175B. Ignition ON. For 2.0L equipped vehicles , measure the voltage between the PCM C1381B-15, circuit CBB90 (YE/OG), harness side and ground. Ignition ON. NOTE: Voltage is present ONLY when the ignition switch is in the START or RUN position. For 3.5L and 3.7L equipped vehicles , measure the voltage between PCM C175B-42, circuit CBB90 (YE/OG), harness side and ground Is any voltage present? Yes : REPAIR the circuit. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. TEST the system for normal operation. No : CHECK for causes of the intermittent fault. ATTEMPT to recreate the hard fault by flexing the wire harness and cycling the ignition key frequently. ACTIVATE other systems in the same wire harness. REPAIR any concern found. REPEAT the self-test. TEST the system for normal operation. If DTC returns. INSTALL a new PCM. REFER to «ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS»(ref-494600) .
  3. G3 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR REQUEST CIRCUIT Start the engine. Disconnect: Starter Motor Relay. Measure the voltage between BJB starter relay socket pin 2, circuit CDC26 (GY/OG) and ground. Is any voltage present? Yes : GO to G4. No : INSTALL a new PCM. REFER to «ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS»(ref-494600) . TEST the system for normal operation.
  4. G4 CHECK THE START MOTOR REQUEST CIRCUIT FOR A SHORT VOLTAGE Ignition OFF. Disconnect: PCM C175B. Ignition ON. Measure the voltage between BJB starter relay socket pin 1, circuit CDC12 (YE) and ground. Is any voltage present? Yes : REPAIR the circuit. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. TEST the system for normal operation. No : INSTALL a new PCM. REFER to «ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS»(ref-494600) . TEST the system for normal operation.

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