Introduction: Overview Lexus LX J100 рестайлинг

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1. PRECAUTION At the beginning of each category of information, a PRECAUTION is given that pertains to all repair operations contained in that information. Read these precautions before starting any repair task.
2. TROUBLESHOOTING TROUBLESHOOTING tables are included for each system to help you diagnose the problem and find the cause. The fundamentals of how to proceed with troubleshooting are described on «HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING». Be sure to read this before performing troubleshooting.
3. PREPARATION Preparation lists the SST (Special Service Tools), recommended tools, equipment, lubricant and SSM (Special Service Materials) which should be prepared before beginning the operation and explains the purpose of each one.
4. REPAIR PROCEDURES Most repair operations begin with an overview illustration. It identifies the components and shows how the parts fit together. The procedures are presented in a step-by-step format: The illustration shows what to do and where to do it. The task heading tells what to do. The detailed text tells how to perform the task and gives other information such as specifications and warnings. Example: This format provides the experienced technician with a FAST TRACK to the information needed. The upper case task heading can be read at a glance when necessary, and the text below it provides detailed information. Important specifications and warnings always stand out in bold type.
5. REFERENCES References have been kept to a minimum. However, when they are required you are given the information to refer to.
6. SPECIFICATIONS Specifications are presented in bold type throughout the text where needed. You never have to leave the procedure to look up your specifications.
7. CAUTIONS, NOTICES, HINTS: CAUTIONS are presented in bold type, and indicate there is a possibility of injury to you or other people. NOTICES are also presented in bold type, and indicate the possibility of damage to the components being repaired. HINTS are separated from the text but do not appear in bold. They provide additional information to help you perform the repair efficiently.
8. SI UNIT The UNITS given in this article are primarily expressed according to the SI UNIT (International System of Unit), and alternately expressed in the metric system and in the English System. Example: Torque: 30 N.m (310 kgf.cm, 22 ft.lbf)

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1. VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER The vehicle identification number is stamped on the vehicle identification number plate and the certification label, as shown in the illustration. A: Vehicle Identification Number Plate B: Certification Label
2. ENGINE SERIAL NUMBER

The engine serial number is stamped on the engine block, as shown in the illustration.

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1. Use fender, seat and floor covers to keep the vehicle clean and prevent damage.
2. During disassembly, keep parts in the appropriate order to facilitate reassembly.
3. Installation and removal of battery terminal: Before performing electrical work, disconnect the negative (-) terminal cable from the battery. If it is necessary to disconnect the battery for inspection or repair, first disconnect the negative (-) terminal cable. When disconnecting the terminal cable to prevent damage to battery terminal, loosen the cable nut and raise the cable straight up without twisting or prying it. Clean the battery terminals and cable ends with a clean shop rag. Do not scrape them with a file or other abrasive objects. Install the cable ends to the battery terminals after loosening the nut, and tighten the nut after installation. Do not use a hammer to tap the cable ends onto the terminals. Be sure the cover for the positive (+) terminal is properly in place.
4. Check hose and wiring connectors to make sure that they are connected securely and correctly.
5. Non-reusable parts Always replace cotter pins, gaskets, O-rings and oil seals, etc. with new ones. Non-reusable parts are indicated in the component illustrations by the "filled diamond" symbol.
6. Precoated parts Precoated parts are bolts and nuts, etc. that are coated with a seal lock adhesive at the factory. If a precoated part is retightened, loosened or caused to move in any way, it must be recoated with the specified adhesive. When reusing precoated parts, clean off the old adhesive and dry with compressed air. Then apply the specified seal lock adhesive to the bolt, nut or threads. Precoated parts are indicated in the component illustrations by the "*" symbol.
7. When necessary, use a sealer on gaskets to prevent leaks.
8. Carefully observe all specifications for bolt tightening torques. Always use a torque wrench.
9. Use of special service tools (SST) and special service materials (SSM) may be required, depending on the nature of the repair. Be sure to use SST and SSM where specified and follow the proper work procedure.
10. When replacing fuses, be sure the new fuse has the correct amperage rating. DO NOT exceed the rating or use one with a lower rating.
11. Care must be taken when jacking up and supporting the vehicle. Be sure to lift and support the vehicle at the proper locations (See «VEHICLE LIFT AND SUPPORT LOCATIONS» ). Cancel the parking brake on the level place and shift the transmission in N position. When jacking up the front wheels of the vehicle, at first place stoppers behind the rear wheels. When jacking up the rear wheels of the vehicle, at first place stoppers before the front wheels. When either the front or rear wheels only should be jacked up, set rigid racks and place stoppers in front and behind the other wheels on the ground. After the vehicle is jacked up, be sure to support it on rigid racks. It is extremely dangerous to do any work on a vehicle raised on a jack alone, even for a small job that can be finished quickly.
12. Observe the following precautions to avoid damage to the following parts: Do not open the cover or case of the ECU unless absolutely necessary. (If the IC terminals are touched, the IC may be destroyed by static electricity.) To disconnect vacuum hoses, pull off the end, not the middle of the hose. To pull apart electrical connectors, pull on the connector itself, not the wires. Be careful not to drop electrical components, such as sensors or relays. If they are dropped on a hard floor, they should be replaced and not reused. When steam cleaning an engine, protect the electronic components, air filter and emission-related components from water. Never use an impact wrench to remove or install temperature switches or temperature sensors. When checking continuity at the wire connector, insert the tester probe carefully to prevent terminals from bending. When using a vacuum gauge, never force the hose onto a connector that is too large. Use a step-down adapter for adjustment. Once the hose has been stretched, it may leak air.
13. Installation and removal of vacuum hose: When disconnecting vacuum hoses, use tags to identify how they should be reconnected to. After completing a job, double check that the vacuum hoses are properly connected. A label under the hood shows the proper layout.
14. Bleeding of hydraulic brake booster system. When repairing the hydraulic brake booster or ABS, bleeding the air out of the hydraulic brake booster (See «BLEEDING BRAKE SYSTEM» ).
15. Unless otherwise stated, all resistance is measured at an ambient temperature of 20°C (68°F). Because the resistance may be outside specifications if measured at high temperatures immediately after the vehicle has been running, measurement should be made when the engine has cooled down.

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1. FOR VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH SRS AIRBAG AND SEAT BELT PRETENSIONER The LEXUS LX470 is equipped with an SRS (Supplemental Restraint System), such as the driver airbag, front passenger airbag assembly and seat belt pretensioner. Failure to carry out service operations in the correct sequence could cause the supplemental restraint system to unexpectedly deploy during servicing, possibly leading to a serious accident. Further, if a mistake is made in servicing the supplemental restraint system, it is possible the SRS may fail to operate when required. Before servicing (including removal or installation of parts, inspection or replacement), be sure to read the following items carefully, then follow the correct procedure described in this article. GENERAL NOTICE Malfunction symptoms of the supplemental restraint system are difficult to confirm, so the diagnostic trouble codes become the most important source of information when troubleshooting. When troubleshooting the supplemental restraint system, always inspect the diagnostic trouble codes before disconnecting the battery (See «AIR BAG SAFETY PRECAUTIONS» ). Work must be started after 90 seconds from the time the ignition switch is turned to the"LOCK" position and the negative (-) terminal cable is disconnected from the battery. (The supplemental restraint system is equipped with a back-up power source so that if work is started within 90 seconds of disconnecting the negative (-) terminal cable from the battery, the SRS may deploy.) When the negative (-) terminal cable is disconnected from the battery, memory of the clock and audio systems will be cancelled. So before starting work, make a record of the contents memorized by the each memory system. Then when work is finished, reset the clock and audio systems as before. To avoid erasing the memory of each memory system, never use a back-up power supply from another battery. Even in cases of a minor collision where the SRS does not deploy, the steering wheel pad, front passenger airbag assembly, side airbag assembly, curtain shield airbag assembly and seat belt pretensioner should be inspected (See «SPIRAL CABLE», «PASSENGER-SIDE AIR BAG MODULE», «SIDE AIR BAG MODULES», «AIR BAG SENSOR ASSEMBLY» and «SEAT BELT PRETENSIONER» ). Never use SRS parts from another vehicle. When replacing parts, replace them with new parts. Before repairs, remove the airbag sensor if shocks are likely to be applied to the sensor during repairs. Never disassemble and repair the airbag sensor assembly, steering wheel pad, front passenger airbag assembly, side airbag assembly, curtain shield air-bag assembly or seat belt pretensioner in order to reuse them. If the airbag sensor assembly, steering wheel pad, front passenger airbag assembly, side airbag assembly, curtain shield airbag assembly or seat belt pretensioner have been dropped, or if there are cracks, dents or other defects in the case, bracket or connector, replace them with new ones. Do not directly expose the airbag sensor assembly, steering wheel pad, front passenger airbag assembly, side airbag assembly, curtain shield airbag assembly or seat belt pretensioner to hot air or flames. Use a volt/ohmmeter with high impedance (10 kohm/V minimum) for troubleshooting of the electrical circuit. Information labels are attached to the periphery of the SRS components. Follow the instructions on the notices. After work on the supplemental restraint system is completed, check the SRS warning light (See «AIR BAG SAFETY PRECAUTIONS» ). SPIRAL CABLE (in Combination Switch) The steering wheel must be fitted correctly to the steering column with the spiral cable at the neutral position, otherwise cable disconnection and other troubles may result. Refer to «INSTALLATION» of this article concerning correct steering wheel installation. STEERING WHEEL PAD (with Airbag) When removing the steering wheel pad or handling a new steering wheel pad, it should be placed v the pad top surface facing up. Storing the pad with its metallic surface facing upward may lead to a serious accident if the airbag inflates for some reason. In addition do not store a steering wheel pad on top of another one. Never measure the resistance of the airbag squib. (This may cause the airbag to deploy, which is very dangerous.) Grease should not be applied to the steering wheel pad and the pad should not be cleaned with detergents of any kind. Store the stee8ring wheel pad where the ambient temperature remains below 93°C (200°F), without high humidity and away from electrical noise. When using electric welding, first disconnect the air-bag connector (yellow color and 2 pins) under the steering column near the combination switch connector before starting work. When disposing of a vehicle or the steering wheel pad alone, the airbag should be deployed using an SST before disposal (See «DISPOSAL PROCEDURES» ). Carry out the operation in a safe place away front electrical noise. FRONT PASSENGER AIRBAG ASSEMBLY Always store a removed or new front passenger airbag assembly with the airbag deployment direction facing up. Storing the airbag assembly with the airbag deployment direction facing down could cause a serious accident if the airbag inflates. Never measure the resistance of the airbag squib. (This may cause the airbag to deploy, which is very dangerous.) Grease should not be applied to the front passenger airbag assembly and the airbag door should not be cleaned with detergents of any kind. Store the airbag assembly where the ambient temperature remains below 93°C (200°F), without high humidity and away from electrical noise. When using electric welding, first disconnect the air-bag connector (yellow color and 2 pins) installed on the assembly before starting work. When disposing of a vehicle or the airbag assembly alone, the airbag should be deployed using an SST before disposal (See «DISPOSAL PROCEDURES» ). Perform the operation in a safe place away from electrical noise. SIDE AIRBAG ASSEMBLY Always store a removed or new side airbag assembly with the airbag deployment direction facing Storing the airbag assembly with the airbag deployment direction facing downward may lead to a serious accident if the airbag deploys for some. Never measure the resistance of the airbag squib reason (This may cause the airbag to deploy, which is very dangerous.). Grease should not be applied to the side airbag assembly and the surface should not be cleaned with detergents of any kind. Store the airbag assembly where the ambient temperature remains below 93°C (200°F), without high humidity and away from electrical noise. When using electric welding, first disconnect the air-bag connector (yellow color and 2 pins) under the seat before starting work. When disposing of a vehicle or the side airbag assembly alone, the airbag should be deployed using an SST before disposal (See «DISPOSAL PROCEDURES» ). Perform the operation in a safe place away from electrical noise. CURTAIN SHIELD AIRBAG ASSEMBLY Always store a removed or new curtain shield air-bag assembly in a clear plastic bag, and keep it in a safe place. NOTE: Protection bag is not reuse. CAUTION: Never disassemble the curtain shield airbag assembly. Never measure the resistance of the airbag squib (This may cause the airbag to deploy, which is very dangerous.). Grease should not be attached to the curtain shield airbag assembly and the surface should not be cleared with detergents of any kind. Store the airbag assembly where the ambient temperature remains below 93 °C (200 °F), without high humidity and away from electrical noise. When using electric welding, first disconnect the air-bag connector (yellow color and 2 pins) into the instrument panel before starting work. When disposing of a vehicle or the curtain shield air-bag assembly alone, the airbag should be deployed using an SST before disposal (See «DISPOSAL PROCEDURES» ). Perform the operation in a safe place away from electrical noise. SEAT BELT PRETENSIONER Never measure the resistance of the seat belt pre-tensioner. (This may cause the seat belt pretensioner activation which is very dangerous.) Never disassemble the seat belt pretensioner. Never install the seat belt pretensioner in another vehicle. Store the seat belt pretensioner where the ambient temperature remains below 80°C (176°F) and away from electrical noise without high humidity. When using electric welding, first disconnect the connector (yellow color and 2 pins) before starting work. When disposing of a vehicle or the seat belt pretensioner alone, the seat belt pretensioner should be activated before disposal (See «DISPOSAL» ). Perform the operation in a safe place away from electrical noise. The seat belt pretensioner is hot after activation, so let it cool down sufficiently before the disposal. However never apply water to the seat belt pretensioner. AIRBAG SENSOR ASSEMBLY Never reuse the airbag sensor assembly involved in a collision when the SRS has deployed. The connectors to the airbag sensor assembly should be connected or disconnected with the sensor mounted on the floor. If the connectors are connected or disconnected while the airbag sensor assembly is not mounted to the floor, it could cause undesired ignition of the supplemental restraint system. Work must be started after 90 seconds from the time the ignition switch is turned to the"LOCK" position and the negative (-) terminal cable is disconnected from the battery, even if only loosing the set bolts of the airbag sensor assembly. WIRE HARNESS AND CONNECTOR The SRS wire harness is integrated with the instrument panel wire harness assembly. The wires for the SRS wire harness are encased in a yellow corrugated tube and all the connectors in the system are a standard yellow color. If the SRS wire harness becomes disconnected or the connector becomes broken due to an accident, etc., repair or replace it.
2. FOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH VEHICLE SKID CONTROL (VSC) SYSTEM Precaution when using drum tester: When using a drum tester, make sure that the ignition switch is OFF, start the engine with the diagnosis connector short-circuited between Ts and E 1 (CG) and take a measurement. NOTE: Check that VSC warning light is blinking. Ensure that the vehicle does not move using wires. After the measurement, disconnect the short circuit and check that the VSC warning light is turned off when restarting the engine. Precaution during VSC operation: Since VSC may be affected by the removal/installation of the VSC-related parts, do not remove/install those parts unless absolutely necessary. When operating on VSC, follow the instructions to surely make preparations or check after operations.
3. WHEN SERVICING FULL-TIME 4WD VEHICLES The Full-time 4WD LEXUS LX470 is equipped with the mechanical lock type center differential system. During tests using a brake tester or chassis dynamometer, such as braking force tests or speedometer tests, if only the front or rear wheels are to be rotated, it is necessary to set the position of the center differential to FREE or LOCK depending on the type of the test being performed. Center differential FREE condition: CENTER DIFFERENTIAL FREE CONDITION Condition Wheel Center differential switch OFF A lifted wheel cannot be rotated even if only one wheel is lifted up, as long as transmission is in N position. Indicator light OFF Transfer select lever (H/L) w/ VSC: Either will do w/o VSC: H position only Center differential LOCK conditions (w/ VSC): CENTER DIFFERENTIAL LOCK CONDITIONS (W/ VSC) Condition Wheel Center differential switch ON A lifted wheel cannot be rotated even if only one wheel is lifted up, as long as transmission is in N Position. Indicator light ON Transfer select lever (H/L) Either will do Center differential LOCK conditions (w/o VSC): CENTER DIFFERENTIAL LOCK CONDITIONS (W/O VSC) (1 OF 2) Condition Wheel Center differential switch ON A lifted wheel cannot be rotated even if only one wheel is lifted up, as long as transmission is in N position. Indicator light ON Transfer select lever (H/L) H position Wheel CENTER DIFFERENTIAL LOCK CONDITIONS (W/O VSC) (2 OF 2) Condition Wheel Center differential switch ON or OFF A lifted wheel cannot be rotated even if only one wheel is lifted up, as long as transmission is in N position. Indicator light ON Transfer selector lever (H/L) L position HINT: w/o Vehicle skid control (VSC) system: When the transfer select lever is put in"L" position, the center differential is put in LOCK condition regardless of the position of the center differential lock switch. CAUTION: Center differential"LOCK" <--> "FREE" selecting procedure: Operate the switch only when all of 4 wheels are stopped or driven in a straight line. Never operate the switch when any wheel is slipping. Never operate the switch when any wheel is spinning freely. Never operate the switch when swerving or cornering. HINT: Center differential"LOCK" <--> "FREE" selecting procedure: Move the vehicle forward or backward slightly if the indicator light does not operate correctly when the center differential lock switch is turned ON or OFF. Transfer gear"H" <--> "L" gear shifting procedure: When shifting, always put the shift lever of the transmission in N position. In other positions, the gears of transfer clash, and switching cannot be performed.
4. WHEN TESTING BRAKES, SPEEDOMETER, ETC. When carrying out any kind of servicing or testing on a Full-time 4WD in which the front or rear wheels are to be rotated (braking test, speedometer test), be sure to observe the precautions given below. Incorrect preparations or test procedures may cause danger as well as unsuccessful test results. Before starting any such servicing or test, be sure to check the following items: Center differential mode position (FREE or LOCK) Vehicle skid control (VSC) system (with or without): If the vehicle is equipped with the system, the slip indicator light, the VSC/TRAC indicator light and the VSC OFF indicator light come on with the ignition key turned to"ON". They will go off after about a few seconds. Whether wheels should be touching ground or jacked up Transmission gear position (N position) Transfer gear position (H or L position) Maximum testing vehicle speed Maximum testing time HINT: w/o Vehicle skid control (VSC) system: When the transfer select lever is put in "L" position, the center differential is put in LOCK condition regardless of the position., of the center differential lock switch. Using Braking Tester: Measure by low-speed type (Vehicle Speed: Below 0.5 km/h or 0.3 mph) brake tester and observe the following instructions before performing the test. Position the wheels to be tested (front or rear) on the tester. Put the center differential in FREE position. If the vehicle is equipped with Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) system, prohibit the system from the activation (See step 2.). Shift the transmission shift lever to "N" position. HINT: Do not forget to change the Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) & Traction Control (TRAC) system to operational condition after the test. Check that the VSC warning indicator light goes off when restarting the engine. Using Speedometer Tester: Observe the following instructions and then measure with the rear wheels. Position the rear wheels on the tester roller. Position the front wheels on the free roller or jack them up. Put the center differential in FREE position. If the vehicle is equipped with Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) & Traction Control (TRAC) system, prohibit the system from the activation (See step 2 .). Ensure that the vehicle does not move using wires. CAUTION: The maximum speed should be less than 60 km/h (37 mph) and maximum driving time should be 1 minute. HINT: Sudden shifting, braking, acceleration or deceleration is not allowed. Do not forget to change the Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) & Traction Control (TRAC) system to operational condition after the test. Check that the VSC warning indicator light goes off when restarting the engine. Using Chassis Dynamometer: Observe the following instructions and then measure with the rear wheels. Remove the front propeller shaft. Put the center differential in LOCK position. If the vehicle is equipped with Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) & Traction Control (TRAC) system, prohibit the system from the activation (See step 2 .). Ensure that the vehicle is securely fixed. HINT: Sudden shifting, braking, acceleration or deceleration is not allowed. Do not forget to change the Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) & Traction Control (TRAC) system to operational condition after the test. Check that the VSC warning indicator light goes off when restarting the engine. On-Vehicle Wheel Balancing: When doing on-vehicle wheel balancing on a full-time 4WD vehicle, to prevent each wheel from being rotated at different speed in different directions (which could dc age the center differential), always be sure to observe the following precautions. All of 4 wheels should be jacked up, being apart from the ground completely. Put the center differential in LOCK position. If the vehicle is equipped with Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) & Traction Control (TRAC) system, prohibit the system from the activation (See step 2 .). The parking brake lever should be fully released. None of the brakes should be applied. The wheels should be driven on the wheel balancer with the engine running. Carry out the wheel balancing with the transmission position in D position. HINT: When doing this balancing, pay attention to the other wheels rotating at the same time. Sudden acceleration, deceleration or braking is not allowed. Do not forget to change the Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) & Traction Control (TRAC) system to operational condition after the test. Check that the VSC warning indicator lights goes off when restarting the engine.
5. WHEN TOWING FULL-TIME 4WD VEHICLES Use one of the methods shown below to tow the vehicle. If the vehicle has trouble in the chassis and drive train, use method 1 (flat bed truck). NOTE: Do not use any towing method other than those shown above. For example, the towing methods shown below are dangerous or damage the vehicle, so do not use them.
6. FOR VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH A CATALYTIC CONVERTER CAUTION: If large amount of unburned gasoline flows into the converter, it may overheat and create a fire hard. To prevent this, observe the following precautions and explain them to your customer. Use only unleaded gasoline. Avoid prolonged idling. Avoid running the engine at idle speed for more than 20 minutes. Avoid spark jump test. Perform spark jump test only when absolutely necessary. Perform this test as rapidly as possible. While testing, never race the engine. Avoid prolonged engine compression measurement. Engine compression tests must be done as rapidly as possible. Do not run engine when fuel tank is nearly empty. This may cause the engine to misfire and create an extra load on the converter. Avoid coasting with ignition turned off and prolonged braking. Do not dispose of used catalyst along with parts contaminated with gasoline or oil.
7. IF VEHICLE IS EQUIPPED WITH MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM For vehicles with mobile communication systems such as two-way radios and cellular telephones, observe the following precautions. Install the antenna as far as possible away from the ECU and sensors of the vehicle's electro' system. Install the antenna feeder at least 20 cm (7.87 in.) away from the ECU and sensors of the vehicle's electronic systems. Do not wind the antenna feeder together with the other wiring as much as possible, also avoid running the antenna feeder parallel with other wire harnesses. Check that the antenna and feeder are correctly adjusted. Do not install powerful mobile communications system.
8. FOR USING OBD II SCAN TOOL OR LEXUS HAND-HELD TESTER CAUTION: Observe the following items for safety reasons: Before using the OBD II scan tool or LEXUS hand-held tester, the OBD II scan tool's instruction book or LEXUS hand-held tester's operator article should be read thoroughly. Be sure to route all cables securely when driving with the OBD II scan tool or LEXUS hand-held tester connected to the vehicle, (i.e. Keep cables away from feet, pedals, steering wheel and shift lever.) Two persons are required when test driving with the OBD II scan tool or LEXUS hand-held tester, one person to drive the vehicle and the other person to operate the OBD II scan tool or LEXUS hand-held tester.

GENERAL INFORMATION

A large number of ECU controlled systems are used in the LEXUS LX470. In general, the ECU controlled system is considered to be a very intricate system requiring a high level of technical knowledge and expert skill to troubleshoot. However, the fact is that if you proceed to inspect the circuits one by one, troubleshooting of these systems is not complex. If you have adequate understanding of the system and a basic knowledge of electricity, accurate diagnosis and necessary repair can be performed to locate and fix the problem. This article is designed through emphasis of the above standpoint to help service technicians perform accurate and effective troubleshooting, and is compiled for the following major ECU controlled systems

The troubleshooting procedure and how to make use of it are described on the following articles.

ECU CONTROLLED SYSTEM TROUBLESHOOTING

FOR USING OBD II SCAN TOOL OR LEXUS HAND-HELD TESTER

1. Before using the scan tool or tester, the scan tool's instruction book or tester's operator article should be read thoroughly.
2. If the scan tool or tester cannot communicate with ECU controlled systems when you have connected the cable of the scan tool or tester to DLC3, turned the ignition switch ON and operated the scan tool, there is a problem on the vehicle side or tool side. If communication is normal when the tool is connected to another vehicle, inspect the diagnosis data link line (Bus(+)line) or ECU power circuit of the vehicle. If communication is still not possible when the tool is connected to another vehicle, the problem is probably in the tool itself, so perform the Self Test procedures outline in the Tester Operator's article.

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS INFORMATION

ABBREVIATIONS MEANINGS

See also:
• HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING
• HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING
• HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING
• HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING
• HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING
• HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING