Note. For component location, see appropriate illustration in THEORY & OPERATION article.
Circuit Description
ECM uses signals provided by crankshaft and camshaft position sensors. If engine speed rate has changed enough to equal a preset number, a misfire is detected and MIL is illuminated. If misfire rate is great enough, and driving conditions will cause catalytic converter damage or overheating, MIL blinks when a misfire is occurring. DTC is set when misfiring of random cylinders is detected during any particular 200 or 1000 revolutions. Possible causes are
- Open or short in wiring.
- Poor contact at ECM or component.
- Vacuum hose(s) damaged, cracked or disconnected.
- Ignition system malfunction.
- Defective fuel injector(s).
- Improper fuel pressure.
- Defective Mass Airflow (MAF) meter.
- Defective Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor.
- Defective engine compression.
- Improper valve clearance.
- Improper valve timing.
- Defective ECM.
Diagnostic Aids
When 2 or more codes for misfiring cylinder are recorded repeatedly but no random misfire code is recorded, it indicates misfires were detected and recorded at different times. If misfire cannot be reproduced, reason may be because of driving with lack of fuel, improper fuel, fouled spark plug, etc. Using scan tool, read FREEZE FRAME data. Freeze frame data records engine conditions when malfunction is detected.