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Circuit/System Description
The object sensors are 3-wire sensors that are used to determine the distance between the vehicle and an object of interest. The parking assist control module supplies 8 V to the object sensors via the 8 V reference circuit and provides ground via the low reference circuit. The parking assist control module triggers the sensors in a sequential loop. After each sensor transmits, the parking assist control module uses the sensor echo received through the signal circuit to calculate the distance and position of an object.
The lane departure warning is enabled and disabled through a switch located in the left steering wheel controls switch. When enabled, the front view camera module will illuminate the indicator located in the switch.
The front view camera module permanently monitors the serial data bus for error messages. When a malfunction is detected by the front view camera module, the system will be disabled and an error message will be stored in the front view camera module disable history buffer which is used to store information about the front camera features that are disabled.
When the ignition is turned ON, the parking assist control module receives the vehicle identification number (VIN) from the body control module. The parking assist control module will compare the VIN received to the VIN stored in memory.
The parking assist indicator is located in the interior rear of the vehicle. The indicator contains three LEDs: two amber and one red. The parking assist control module controls these three LEDs as a visual indicator of how close the vehicle bumper is to an object. The parking assist control module supplies voltage to each of the LEDs and commands each LED on by supplying an individual ground.
The object sensors are 3-wire sensors that are used to determine the distance between the vehicle and an object of interest. The parking assist control module supplies 8 V to the object sensors via the 8 V reference circuit and provides ground via the low reference circuit. The parking assist control module triggers the sensors in a sequential loop. After each sensor transmits, the parking assist control module uses the sensor echo received through the signal circuit to calculate the distance and position of an object.
The lane departure warning is enabled and disabled through the vehicle direction warning switch located in the left steering wheel controls switch. When enabled, the front view camera module will illuminate the indicator located in the switch.
The lane departure warning system is controlled by the front view camera module mounted on the windshield. The lane departure warning is enabled and disabled through a switch located in the steering wheel. When enabled, the front view camera module will illuminate the amber indicator located in the switch.
When the system is operating and can detect the lane markings, the front view camera module will request via serial data communications that the instrument cluster illuminates the green lane departure ready-to-assist indicator. If the front view camera module detects that the vehicle unintentionally crosses a lane marking without the turn signal being used, the module will request the vehicle direction display to flash the amber lane departure warning indicator. An audible warning will also sound three times when the amber lane departure warning indicator in the vehicle direction display is flashing.
The forward collision alert system is controlled by the front view camera module mounted on the windshield. The forward collision alert system is always active and operates at speeds above 40 km/h (25 mph). When the system detects a vehicle in the path ahead, the green vehicle ahead alert indicator in the vehicle direction display is illuminated. When approaching another vehicle too rapidly, the collision alert symbol will flash in the vehicle direction display and the radio will simultaneously give an audible alert sound. The red collision alert display will stay continuously illuminated if the vehicle ahead remains much too close. These actions are requested by the front view camera module via serial data. The forward collision alert switch is part of the left steering wheel controls and is used to adjust the timing sensitivity of the front collision alert system.
The ultrasonic parking assist system is designed to identify and notify the driver of an object in the vehicle's path when reversing at speeds of less than 8 km/h (5 mph). The distance and location of the object is determined by four object sensors located in the rear bumper. The parking assist system will notify the driver using an audible signal through the radio.
When the transmission is placed into REVERSE, a 12 V signal is sent to the rearview camera indicating that camera operation is requested. Ignition voltage and ground are supplied to the rearview camera. The rearview camera sends video information to the radio through a video signal + and a video signal - circuit. A grounded shielding also wraps the video signal circuits to reduce electronic interference which may degrade the video signal and cause a distorted or otherwise degraded image.
Object Detection Description and Operation (UD7)
The ultrasonic rear parking assist system is designed to identify and notify the driver of an object in the vehicle's path when reversing at speeds of less than 8 km/h (5 MPH). The distance and location of the object is determined by 4 object sensors located in the rear bumper. The parking assist system will notify the driver using the parking assist indicators and an audible beep signal through the radio.
The rear parking assist system is made up of the following components
- Parking assist control module
- Rear object alarm sensors
- Parking assist indicator
Parking Assist Control Module
The parking assist control module provides an 8 V reference and a low reference to the four rear parking assist sensors. The parking assist control module receives individual signals from each of the four sensors and determines the location and distance of an object based on these inputs. When an object is detected, the parking assist control module will illuminate the appropriate LED on the parking assist indicator and send a serial data message to the radio requesting an audible alert.
Rear Object Alarm Sensors
The rear object alarm sensors are located the in rear bumper of the vehicle. The sensors are used to determine the distance between an object and the rear bumpers. Each sensor emits an ultrasonic frequency which is reflected off object located behind the vehicle. These reflections are received by the sensors. The time difference between when the frequency was emitted and when the reflection is received, known as sensor echo time, is used to determine the distance to the object. The sensors report this information to the parking assist control module.
Parking Assist Indicator
The parking assist indicator is located in the interior rear of the vehicle and is visible through the inside rearview mirror. The indicator contains three LEDs: two amber and one red. The parking assist control module controls these three LEDs as a visual indicator of how close the vehicle bumper is to an object. The parking assist control module supplies voltage to each of the LEDs and commands each LED on by supplying an individual ground.
Rear Parking Assist Operation
When the vehicle is first placed into reverse, the rear parking assist system performs a bulb check. During the bulb check, the all three LED located in the parking assist indicator will illuminate for approximately 2 s to indicate that the system is working.
When backing up at speed of less than 8 km/h (5 MPH), the system is constantly monitoring for object of interest located behind the vehicle. The rear parking assist system can detect objects greater than 7.6 cm (3 in) wide and 25.4 cm (10 in) tall. The system cannot detect objects below the bumper, underneath the vehicle. If an object is detected, one of the following will occur
- If the object is 1-2.5 m (3.3-8.2 ft) away from the vehicle, the amber outside indicator will illuminate and a single chime will sound when the object is first detected.
- If the object is 0.6-1.0 m (2-3.3 ft) away from the vehicle, the amber outside and the amber middle indicators will illuminate.
- If the object is 0.3-0.6 m (1-2 ft) away from the vehicle, the amber outside, amber middle, and red outside indicators will illuminate and the chime sounds continuously.
- If the object is less than 0.3 m (1 ft) away from the vehicle, the amber outside, amber middle, and red outside indicators will flash and the chime sounds continuously.
If the rear parking assist system detects a malfunction, a DTC will be stored and the parking assist control module will send a serial data message to the instrument panel cluster to display the SERVICE PARK ASSIST message on the driver information center. The red LED on the parking assist indicator will be illuminated as a notification to the driver that a malfunction exists and the system is disabled.
Object Detection Description and Operation (Front View Camera with UEU)
The forward collision alert system is a convenience feature of the front view camera that issues a warning to the driver when a potential collision risk exists. The front view camera is located behind the windshield, looking out at the road ahead and detecting vehicles directly ahead, within a distance of approximately 60 meters (197 ft). The forward collision alert system is always active and operates at speeds above 40 kph (25 mph). When the system detects a vehicle in the path ahead, the green vehicle ahead indicator in the vehicle direction display is illuminated. When approaching another vehicle too rapidly, the collision alert symbol will flash in the vehicle direction display. Simultaneously an audible alert sounds. Forward collision alert does not warn the driver of any objects that are not detected as a vehicle, like e.g. pedestrians, animals, signs, guard rails, bridges, construction barrels or other stationary or slow moving objects. The forward collision alert timing sensitivity to control the distance to the vehicle ahead can be set using the forward collision alert switch in the left steering wheel controls.
In some cases the camera may detect a vehicle that is not in the path ahead, or the system may occasionally provide unrealistic alerts. This could respond to a turning vehicle ahead, guard rails, traffic signs, or other stationary objects. This is normal operation, the vehicle does not need service. Forward collision alert may sometimes set unnecessary alerts to turning vehicles, vehicles in other lanes, objects that are not vehicles, or shadows. These alerts are normal operation and the vehicle does not need service.
The forward collision alert system is made up of the following components
- Front view camera module
- Forward collision alert switch
- Instrument cluster/Vehicle direction display
- Radio
Front View Camera Module
The camera detects vehicles in front of the host vehicle. The front view camera module requests the green vehicle ahead alert indicator in the vehicle direction display ON via serial data when the front view camera system has detected a vehicle in the driving path ahead. The front view camera module also communicates via serial data with the driver information center and the radio to request visual and audible alerts.
- Lane departure warning system unavailable
- Forward collision alert OFF
- Service front camera
Forward Collision Alert Switch
The forward collision alert switch provides an input to the front view camera module to select the alert timing sensitivity when approaching another vehicle too rapidly. The front view camera module provides a signal voltage to the normally open switch. When the switch is pressed, the signal circuit is pulled to ground, indicating to the front view camera module that the system has been requested to change the alert timing sensitivity. The first button press shows the current alert timing setting on the driver information center. With every button press, the alert timing sensitivity is changed. The current alert timing setting will be maintained until it is changed. The preset alert timing setting is displayed in the top line of the driver information center. The position of the forward collision alert switch can vary with different vehicles. For the exact position please refer to the user's manual.
Instrument Cluster
The Vehicle direction display contains the green vehicle ahead indicator, which indicates to the driver that the Front View Camera system has detected a vehicle in the driving path ahead and is controlled via serial data. When approaching another vehicle too rapidly, the collision alert symbol will flash in the Vehicle direction display. The red Front collision alert display will stay continuously illuminated if the vehicle ahead remains much too close.
Radio
The radio controls the audible alert for the forward collision alert system. If the host vehicle is approaching another vehicle too rapidly, the radio will command an audible alert to the driver.
Object Detection Description and Operation (Front View Camera with UFL)
The lane departure warning system is a convenience feature of the front view camera that issues a warning when the system detects that the vehicle has unintentionally crossed a lane marking. The front view camera is located behind the windshield, looking out at the road ahead and detecting any lane markings. When the vehicle unintentionally leaves a detected lane, a visual and audible alert is given to the driver.
The lane departure warning system is made up of the following components
- Front view camera module
- Lane departure warning switch
- Instrument cluster/Vehicle Direction Display
- Radio
Front View Camera Module
The camera detects visual queues such as lane markings. When it is determined that the vehicle has unintentionally moved outside of the lane, a visual and audible warning is given to the driver. The front view camera module receives an input from the lane departure warning switch and controls the lane departure warning switch indicator output. The front view camera module also communicates via serial data with the instrument cluster and radio to request visual and audible alerts.
Lane Departure Warning Switch
The lane departure warning switch provides an input to the front view camera module to turn the lane departure warning system ON and OFF. The front view camera module provides a signal voltage to the normally open momentary switch. When the switch is pressed, the signal circuit is pulled to ground, indicating to the front view camera module that the system has been requested to turn ON or OFF. The lane departure warning switch also contains the lane departure warning switch indicator, which is controlled by the front view camera module to indicate the ON and OFF status of the lane departure warning system. When the system has been enabled by the lane departure warning switch, the front view camera module applies ground to the switch indicator and illuminates the LED. The location of the lane departure warning switch can vary with different vehicles. For the exact location please refer to the user's manual.
Instrument Cluster
The vehicle direction display contains green and amber lane departure warning indicators. These indicate to the driver the current status of the lane departure warning system and are controlled via serial data by the front view camera module. When the vehicle speed is above 56 km/h (35 MPH) and the system has detected the required lane markings and is ready to assist, the green indicator will be illuminated on the vehicle direction display. If the vehicle has unintentionally left the lane, the amber indicator will flash.
Radio
The radio controls the audible alert for the lane departure warning. If the vehicle has unintentionally left the lane, the radio will command three beeps as an audible alert to the driver.
Lane Departure Warning Operation
System operation can be describe by the following modes
- Off State: The system has been turned off by the driver, using the lane departure warning switch. The lane departure warning indicator will not be illuminated.
- Not Ready To Assist: The system is enabled and the lane departure warning indicator is illuminated, but not ready to assist when any of the following conditions is true: Vehicle speed is less than 56 km/h (35 MPH). The system is designed to function at speeds greater than 56 km/h (35 MPH). The system cannot detect lane markings. This may be because there are no lane markings, as on a country road or that the lane markings cannot be determined due to snow, rain, or other driving conditions. The windshield area in front of the camera or the camera lens is blocked by fog, dirt, damage to the windshield or other elements that may prevent the camera from detecting lane markings.
- Ready To Assist: The system is enabled and ready to warn of the unintentional lane crossing. The system is ready to assist when the green lane departure warning indicator is illuminated on the vehicle direction display.
Lane Crossing Alerts
- When one of the following conditions are met, the system will not give alerts: The correct turn signal is activated. An activated turn signal is interpreted as an intentional lane crossing. The operator makes an intentional steering maneuver. The operator makes an intentional accelerating maneuver. The operator makes an intentional braking maneuver.
- Lane crossing alert consists of the following: Three chimes are activated through the radio. The amber lane departure warning indicator will flash.
Rear Vision Camera System Operation
The rear vision camera system consists of a video camera located at the rear of the vehicle and the radio.
When the transmission is placed into REVERSE, a 12 volt signal is sent to the rear vision camera by the body control module (BCM). This signal indicates to the camera that the vehicle is in reverse and image display is requested. The rear vision camera receives ignition voltage and a constant ground to power the camera. Video signal + and video signal - circuits carry the video image from the rear vision camera to the radio. Additionally, the video signal circuits are shielded to prevent any interference which may lead to a loss of video signal resolution and a degraded video image. The shield is provided a ground path by the rear vision camera.
The following conditions may cause a degraded rear vision camera image
- Ice, snow, or mud has built up on the rear vision camera
- Dark conditions
- Extreme light conditions, such as glare from the sun or the headlights of another vehicle
- Damage to the rear of the vehicle
- Extreme high temperatures or extreme temperature changes
If a malfunction is detected in the system, Service Rear Vision Camera may be displayed on the navigation radio as an indicator to the customer that a problem exists that requires service.