GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
| Item | Specification |
|---|---|
| Displacement | 2.3L |
| No. of cylinders | 4 |
| Bore/stroke | 87.5/94.0 |
| Firing order | 1-3-4-2 |
| Oil pressure (hot @ 2,000 rpm) | 29-39 psi 200-268 kPa |
| Compression ratio | 9.7:1 |
| Engine weight (without accessory drive components and flexplate or flywheel) | 115.8 kg (255.3 lb) |
| Engine and transaxle assembly weight (without accessory drive components) | 203.8 kg (449.3 lb) |
| Cylinder Block | |
| Cylinder bore diameter | 87.5-87.53 mm (3.444-3.445 in) |
| Cylinder bore maximum out-of-round | 0.008 mm (0.0003 in) |
| Main bearing bore diameter | 57.020-57.038 mm (2.244-2.245 in) |
| Head gasket surface flatness | 0.1 mm/general 0.05 mm/200 x 200 (0.004 in/general) (0.0019 in/7.87 x 7.87) |
| Piston | |
| Diameter (1) | 87.5-87.51 mm (3.444-3.445 in) |
| Diameter (2) | 87.51-87.52 mm (3.4452-3.4456 in) |
| Diameter (3) | 87.52-87.53 mm (3.444-3.446 in) |
| Piston-to-bore clearance | 0.025-0.045 mm (0.0009-0.0017 in) |
| Ring groove width - top | 1.203-1.205 mm (0.0473-0.0474 in) |
| Ring groove width - 2nd | 1.17-1.19 mm (0.0460-0.0468 in) |
| Ring groove width - oil | 2.501-2.503 mm (0.0984-0.0985 in) |
| Piston skirt coating thickness | 0.008-0.020 mm (0.0003-0.0007 in) |
| Piston Pin | |
| Diameter | 20.995-21.0 mm (0.8266-0.8268 in) |
| Length | 59.6-60.4 mm (2.346-2.377 in) |
| Piston-to-pin clearance | 0.008-0.016 mm (0.0003-0.0006 in) |
| Pin-to-rod clearance | Press fit |
| Cylinder Head | |
| Cylinder head flatness | 0.08 (0.0031 in) maximum overall, a maximum of 0.05 mm (0.0019 in) within 150 mm (5.9 in) |
| Valve lift @ zero lash (exhaust) | 7.4 mm (0.29 in) |
| Valve lift @ zero lash (intake) | 7.9 mm (0.31 in) |
| Valve guide inner diameter | 5.509-5.539 mm (0.216-0.218 in) |
| Valve seat width - intake/exhaust | 0.99-1.84 mm (0.038-0.072 in) |
| Valve seat angle | 45 degrees |
| Valve seat runout | 0.075 mm (0.0029 in) |
| Valve lash adjuster bore diameter | 31.00-31.03 mm (1.220-1.221 in) |
| Cam bore diameter | 25.015-25.040 mm (0.984-0.985 in) |
| Valve | |
| Valve head diameter - intake | 34.85-35.15 mm (1.372-1.383 in) |
| Valve head diameter - exhaust | 29.85-30.15 mm (1.175-1.187 in) |
| Valve stem diameter - intake | 5.470-5.485 mm (0.2153-0.2159 in) |
| Valve stem diameter - exhaust | 5.465-5.480 mm (0.2151-0.2157 in) |
| Valve stem-to-guide clearance - intake | 0.0027 mm (0.0009 in) |
| Valve stem-to-guide clearance - exhaust | 0.0029 mm (0.0011 in) |
| Valve face runout | 0.05 mm (0.001 in) |
| Valve face angle | 45 degrees |
| Valve Spring - Compression Pressure | |
| Intake and exhaust (installed) | 38.667 lb |
| Intake (valve open) 8.9 mm (0.35 in.) of lift | 97.032 lb |
| Exhaust (valve open) 7.4 mm of lift | 93.338 lb |
| Free length | 44.92 mm (1.768 in) |
| Assembled height | 37.9 mm (1.492 in) |
| Crankshaft | |
| Main bearing journal diameter | 51.980-52.000 mm (2.046-2.047 in) |
| Production repair | 51.730-51.750 mm (2.036-2.037 in) |
| Main bearing clearance | 0.019-0.035 mm (0.0007-0.0013 in) |
| Connecting rod journal diameter | 49.980-50.000 mm (1.967-1.968 in) |
| Production repair | 49.730-49.750 mm (1.957-1.958 in) |
| End play | 0.22-0.43 mm (0.008-0.016 in) |
| Rings | |
| Width - top | 1.17-1.185 mm (0.0460-0.0466 in) |
| Width - 2nd | 1.197-1.199 mm (0.0471-0.0472 in) |
| Width - oil | 2.38-2.45 mm (0.093-0.096 in) |
| Ring gap (in bore) - top | 0.16-0.31 mm (0.006-0.012 in) |
| Ring gap (in bore) - 2nd | 0.33-0.48 mm (0.012-0.018 in) |
| Ring gap (in bore) - oil | 0.2-0.7 mm (0.007-0.027 in) |
| Valve Tappet | |
| Diameter | 30.97-30.98 mm (1.2192-1.2196 in) |
| Tappet-to-valve clearance - intake | 0.22-0.28 mm (0.008-0.011 in) |
| Tappet-to-valve clearance - exhaust | 0.27-0.33 mm (0.010-0.013 in) |
| Tappet-to-bore clearance | 0.02-0.06 mm (0.0007-0.0023 in) |
| Camshaft | |
| Lobe lift - intake | 8.24999 mm (0.324 in) |
| Lobe lift - exhaust | 7.80007 mm (0.307 in) |
| Runout (1) a | 0.03 mm (0.001 in) |
| End play | 0.09-0.24 mm (0.003-0.009 in) |
| Journal diameter | 24.96-24.98 mm (0.982-0.983 in) |
| Journal-to-bore clearance | 0.035-0.080 mm (0.001-0.003 in) |
| Connecting Rod | |
| Bearing clearance | 0.027-0.052 (0.001-0.002 in) |
| Bearing thickness | 1.496-1.520 mm (0.058-0.059 in) |
| Crank bore diameter | 53.025-53.045 mm (2.087-2.088 in) |
| Pin bore diameter | 20.965-20.985 mm (0.825-0.826 in) |
| Length (center-to-center) | 154.8 mm (6.094 in) |
| Side clearance | 1.95-3.05 mm (0.076-0.120 in) |
| Axial clearance | 0.14-0.36 mm (0.005-0.014 in) |
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
a No. 3 Journal - Supported by No. 1 and No. 5 journals.
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
| Description | Nm |
|---|---|
| A/C compressor mounting bolts | 25 |
| A/C manifold tube bolt | 25 |
| A/C tube bracket bolts | 10 |
| A/C tube connection nut | 8 |
| A/C tube-to-condenser nut | 8 |
| Accessory drive belt tensioner bolts | 25 |
| Accessory drive belt idler pulley bolt | 25 |
| Bellhousing-to-engine bolts | 48 |
| Bellhousing-to-engine stud bolt | 48 |
| Bellhousing-to-oil pan bolt | 48 |
| Block heater | 21 |
| Camshaft bearing cap bolts a | |
| Camshaft sprocket bolt | 72 |
| Catalytic converter bolts a | |
| Catalytic converter bracket bolts | 35 |
| Catalytic converter bracket-to-catalytic converter bolts | 20 |
| Catalytic converter heat shield screws | 10 |
| Catalytic converter-to-cylinder head studs | 17 |
| Clutch pressure plate a | |
| Clutch slave cylinder bolts | 22 |
| Clutch tube bracket bolts | 22 |
| Coil-on-plug bolts | 8 |
| Coolant outlet bolts | 10 |
| Coolant pump bolts | 10 |
| Coolant pump pulley bolts | 20 |
| Crankcase rear seal retainer plate bolts a | |
| Crankcase vent oil separator bolts | 10 |
| Crankshaft Position (CKP) sensor bolts a | |
| Crankshaft pulley bolt a | |
| Crankshaft rear seal retainer bolts a | |
| Cylinder head bolts a | |
| Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) sensor | 12 |
| EGR tube | 55 |
| EGR valve assembly bolts | 20 |
| Engine front cover bolts a | |
| Engine front cover timing hole plug (lower) | 12 |
| Engine front cover timing hole plug (upper) | 10 |
| Engine front cover-to-oil pan bolts a | 10 |
| Engine mount bolts | 55 |
| Engine mount nut | 55 |
| Engine mount bracket nuts | 103 |
| Engine mount bracket bolt | 115 |
| Engine Oil Pressure (EOP) switch | 15 |
| Engine roll-restrictor bolts | 90 |
| Engine timing plug bolt | 20 |
| Engine-to-transaxle bolts | 48 |
| Engine wiring harness bracket nut | 20 |
| Flexplate bolts a | |
| Flywheel bolts a | |
| Fuel rail bolts | 23 |
| Generator air inlet duct nuts | 6 |
| Generator B+ wire nut | 6 |
| Generator mounting bolt and stud bolts | 47 |
| Generator splash shield nuts | 25 |
| Ground wire-to-battery cable nut | 10 |
| Ground wire-to-body bolt | 10 |
| Intake manifold bolts | 18 |
| Intermediate steering shaft bolt | 23 |
| Knock Sensor (KS) | 20 |
| Lower ball joint nuts | 200 |
| Lower control arm-to-strut through bolt | 103 |
| Oil filter adapter bolts | 25 |
| Oil filter cover | 33 |
| Oil filter drain plug | 10 |
| Oil pan bolts a | |
| Oil pan-to-bellhousing bolts | 48 |
| Oil pan drain plug | 28 |
| Oil pump drive chain tensioner shoulder bolt | 10 |
| Oil pump drive chain tensioner spring shoulder bolt | 10 |
| Oil pump screen and pickup tube assembly bolts | 10 |
| Oil pump sprocket bolt | 25 |
| Oil pump-to-engine block bolts a | |
| Power steering pump bolts | 25 |
| Power Steering Pressure (PSP) tube bolt | 35 |
| Radio frequency interference capacitor bolt | 10 |
| RH halfshaft carrier bearing bracket bolt | 40 |
| Secondary Air Injection (AIR) pump bolts | 30 |
| Secondary AIR valve bracket bolts | 10 |
| Spark plugs | 12 |
| Starter motor solenoid nut | 5 |
| Starter motor B+ wire nut | 12 |
| Starter motor mounting bolts | 25 |
| Subframe nuts | 150 |
| Subframe bracket bolts | 103 |
| Sway bar link nuts | 40 |
| Thermostat housing bolts | 10 |
| Throttle Body (TB) bolts | 10 |
| Tie-rod end nuts | 48 |
| Timing chain guide bolts | 10 |
| Timing chain tensioner bolts | 10 |
| Torque converter-to-flywheel nuts | 35 |
| Transaxle ground wire bolt | 10 |
| Transaxle mount bolt | 90 |
| Valve cover bolts a | |
| Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) solenoid bolt a | 10 |
| VCT system oil filter plug | 17 |
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
a Refer to procedure for specification.
The 2.3L (140 CID) 4-cylinder engine has the following features
- DOHC
- Four valves per cylinder
- Sequential Multi-Port Fuel Injection (SFI)
- Aluminum cylinder head
- Aluminum cylinder block
- Electronic ignition system with coil-on-plug 4 ignition coils
The 2.3L engine is a 4 valve-per-cylinder, DOHC engine. The engine uses a coil-on-plug ignition system. The cylinder block is made of aluminum and the bearing caps are integrated into the ladder assembly. An aluminum oil pan bolts to the bottom of the lower cylinder block and to the transmission to provide greater strength. The camshafts are mounted in the cylinder heads and act against valve tappets to open and close the valves. The camshafts are driven off the front of the cylinder head by one timing chain. The chain is driven by a sprocket that is located on the crankshaft. The piston assembly is an aluminum piston with a cast iron connecting rod. The oil pump is driven by the crankshaft via a dedicated chain that is driven by the same sprocket that drives the timing chain.
Identification - Always refer to these labels when installation of new parts is necessary or when checking engine calibrations. The engine parts often differ within a CID family. Verification of the identification codes will make sure that the correct parts are obtained. These codes contain all the pertinent information relating to the dates, optional equipment and revisions. The Ford Master Parts Catalog contains a complete listing of the codes and their applications.
Code Information - The engine code information label, located on the side of the valve cover and the front side of the valve cover, contains the following
- Engine build date
- Engine plant code
- Engine code
Exhaust Emission Control System - Operation and necessary maintenance of the exhaust emission control devices used on this engine are covered in the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article.
Induction System - The SFI provides the fuel/air mixture needed for combustion in the cylinders. The 4 solenoid-operated fuel injectors
- are mounted in the intake manifold.
- meter fuel into the air intake stream in accordance with engine demand.
- are positioned so that their tips direct fuel just ahead of the engine intake valves.
- are connected in series with the fuel pressure sensor.
- supply fuel from the fuel tank with a fuel pump mounted in the fuel tank.
A constant fuel pressure is maintained across the fuel injectors by the fuel pressure sensor. The fuel pressure sensor is positioned upstream from the fuel injectors on the fuel injection supply manifold.
PCV System - All engines are equipped with a closed-type PCV system recycling the crankcase vapors to the intake manifold.
Lubrication System - The engine lubrication system operates as follows
- Oil is drawn into the oil pump through the oil pump screen cover and tube in the sump of the oil pan.
- Oil is pumped through the oil filter on the left front side of the cylinder block.
- Oil enters the main gallery where it is distributed to the crankshaft main journals and to the cylinder head.
- From the main journals, the oil is routed through cross-drilled passages in the crankshaft to lubricate the connecting rod bearings. Controlled leakage through the crankshaft main bearings and connecting rod bearings is slung radially outward to cool and lubricate the cylinder walls as well as the entire connecting rod, piston and piston ring assembly.
Scheme 8
For basic engine mechanical concerns, refer to ENGINE SYSTEM - GENERAL INFORMATION article. For driveability concerns, refer to the Introduction - Gasoline Engines article.
See also:
• JACKING AND LIFTING
• ENGINE BLOCK - 2.3L