Engine Cooling Ford Explorer Sport Trac I

General Specifications

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

Torque Specifications

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS

Note. The addition of Motorcraft Cooling System Stop Leak Pellets VC-6 darkens Motorcraft Premium Gold Engine Coolant from yellow to golden tan.

The engine cooling system consists of the

1. block heater
2. fan blade and clutch
3. fan shroud
4. radiator and cap
5. radiator coolant recovery reservoir
6. water thermostat
7. water pump
8. water temperature indicator sender unit

Engine coolant provides freeze protection, boil protection, cooling efficiency and corrosion protection to the engine and cooling components. In order to obtain these protections, the engine coolant must be maintained at the correct concentration and fluid level in the degas bottle.

When adding engine coolant, use a 50/50 mixture of engine coolant and clean, drinkable water.

To maintain the integrity of the coolant and the cooling system

1. Add Motorcraft Premium Engine Coolant VC-4-A (in Oregon VC-7-B, in Canada CXC -10) or equivalent meeting Ford specification ESE-M97B44-A (green color), or Motorcraft Premium Gold Coolant VC-7-A (in Oregon VC-7-B) or equivalent meeting Ford Specification WSS-M97B51 -A1 (yellow color). Do not mix coolant types.
2. Do not add/mix orange-colored Motorcraft Specialty Orange Engine Coolant VC-2 or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSS-M97B44-D. Mixing coolant may degrade the coolant's corrosion protection.
3. Do not add alcohol, methanol, or brine, or any engine coolants mixed with alcohol or methanol antifreeze. These can cause engine damage from overheating or freezing.
4. Do not mix with recycled coolant unless it meets the requirements of specification ESE-M97B44-A or WSS-M97B51 - A1. Not all coolant recycling processes meet these Ford specifications. Use of such coolants may harm the engine and cooling system components. Do not mix coolant types.

Scheme 1

Inspection and Verification

1. Verify the customer's concern by operating the engine to duplicate the condition.
2. Inspect to determine if any of the following mechanical or electrical concerns apply. VISUAL INSPECTION CHART Mechanical Electrical Leaks Restricted airflow through the condenser/radiator Damaged hoses Loose/damaged hose clamps Damaged water gasket Damaged head gaskets Damaged intake manifold gasket Damaged water pump Damaged radiator coolant recovery reservoir Damaged heater core Damaged fan/fan clutch Coolant condition/concentration Damaged wiring Damaged water temperature sender
3. If the inspection reveals an obvious concern that can be readily identified, repair it as necessary.
4. Inspect the coolant condition. Inspect the coolant color. If Motorcraft Premium Engine Coolant VC-4-A or equivalent meeting Ford specification ESE-M97B44 -A has a clear, light green or blue color, this indicates higher water content than required. If Motorcraft Premium Gold Engine Coolant VC-7-A or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSSM97B51-A1 has a clear or pale yellow color, this indicates higher water content than required. NOTE: The addition of Motorcraft Cooling System Stop Leak Pellets VC-6 darkens Motorcraft Premium Coolant from yellow to golden tan. A dark brown color indicates unauthorized stop leak may have been used. Use Motorcraft Pellets VC-6 or equivalent meeting Ford specification ESE-M99B37-B5 except as noted in ES-F6SE-19A511-AA. A light or reddish brown color indicates that rust may be present in the cooling system. Flush the system and refill with the correct mixture of water and Premium Engine Coolant, or Premium Gold Engine Coolant. Do not mix coolant types. An iridescent sheen on top of the coolant could indicate a trace of oil is entering the system. For additional information on engine diagnosis, refer to ENGINE SYSTEM - GENERAL INFORMATION . A milky brown color may indicate that either engine oil or transmission fluid is entering the cooling system. If transmission fluid is suspected, the cause may be a leaky radiator. Pressure test the cooling system. For additional information, refer to «COMPONENT TESTS»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) . If engine oil is suspected, the cause of the leak may be internal to the engine. For additional information, refer to ENGINE SYSTEM - GENERAL INFORMATION . If transmission fluid is contaminated with engine coolant, the cause may be a leaky radiator. Pressure test the system. For additional information, refer to the «COMPONENT TESTS»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) . If the engine coolant appearance is acceptable, test the engine coolant freezing point range with the battery and antifreeze tester. The freezing point should be in the range -50°F to -10 °F. If the vehicle is driven in cold climates less than -34°F, it may be necessary to increase the coolant concentration to get adequate freeze protection. Maximum coolant concentration is 60/40 Minimum coolant concentration is 40/60 Adjust coolant range and level if necessary. If coolant is low, add specified coolant mixture only. If the engine coolant tests too weak, add straight engine coolant until the readings are within acceptable levels. If the engine coolant tests strong, remove some of the engine coolant and add water until the readings are within acceptable levels. If the concern remains after the inspection, determine the symptom(s). GO to «SYMPTOM CHART»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling__symptom-chart) .

Symptom Chart

PROBLEM SYMPTOM CHART

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Pressure Test

1. Remove the radiator cap. Fill the radiator as needed. Fit the pressure tester to the radiator neck using an aftermarket adapter.
2. Pump the cooling system to a maximum of 102 kPa (14.9 psi) and hold for two minutes. If the pressure drops within this time, inspect for leaks and repair as necessary.

Cap

1. Make sure the engine is cool.
2. Wrap a thick cloth around the coolant pressure relief cap on the coolant reservoir. Slowly turn the cap counterclockwise (left) until the pressure begins to release.
3. Step back while the pressure releases.
4. When you are sure all the pressure has been released, use the cloth to turn and remove the cap.
5. Inspect the radiator cap and seals for damage or deterioration. Install a new radiator cap if necessary.
6. Fit the radiator cap to the Radiator/Heater Core Pressure Tester Kit, using the aftermarket adapter.
7. Slowly pump the pressure tester until the pressure gauge stops increasing and note the highest pressure reading. Release the pressure and repeat the test. Install a new radiator cap if the pressure is not 99.3-121.4 kPa (14.4-17.6 psi).

Thermostat-Water

A new water thermostat should be installed only after the following electrical and mechanical tests have been carried out.

Thermostat-Electrical Test

Note. The electrical thermostat test is most accurate if carried out indoors at less than 37.8°C (100°F) ambient air. This test may be carried out with or without the hood open and with the engine warm or cold.

1. Check the engine coolant level. Fill as needed.
2. With the ignition OFF, voltage values (0-5 V) may now be monitored while the sensor retains its connection to the wiring harness. A scan tool may be used to monitor the ECT on vehicles equipped with data link connector (DLC). The SBDS sequence to use for the screen is: Toolbox-Electronic Engine Control and DCL-Item.
3. Place the transmission in PARK (P) or NEUTRAL (N).
4. Start the engine and allow the engine to idle throughout this test. Allow the engine to run for two minutes, then record the ECT voltage. Record the ECT voltage every 60 seconds. When the ECT voltage trend changes direction or only changes slightly (0.03 volt or less) from the previous reading, record this as the thermostat opening voltage. Use the voltage and corresponding coolant temperature chart listed below. COOLANT TEMPERATURE CHART Coolant Temperature °C (°F) ECT - (Volts) 22 (71) 3.00 43 (109) 2.01 71 (159) 1.01 82 (180) 0.75 92 (197) 0.058 97 (206) 0.050 105 (221) 0.040
5. If the thermostat opening voltage is greater than 0.58 volt and less than 90°C (194°F), install a new water thermostat.
6. If the thermostat opening voltage is less than 0.58 volt and greater than 90°C (194°F), the water thermostat is good and a new thermostat should not be installed. GO to «Symptom Chart»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling__symptom-chart) for further instructions.

Thermostat-Mechanical Test

1. Remove the water thermostat.
2. Check the water thermostat for seating. Hold the water thermostat up to a lighted background. Leakage of light around the thermostat valve at room temperature indicates that a new water thermostat should be installed. Some water thermostats have a small leakage notch at one location on the perimeter of the thermostat valve, which is considered normal.
3. Immerse the water thermostat in a boiling antifreeze and water mixture.
4. See the «GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling__general-specifications) chart for water thermostat opening temperatures.

Radiator Leak Test, Removed From Vehicle

Note. Always install plugs in the oil cooler fittings before leak testing or cleaning any radiator.

1. Leak test the radiator in clean water with 138 kPa (20 psi) air pressure.

Fan Clutch Test

1. Spin the fan blade by hand. A light resistance should be felt. If there is no resistance or very high resistance, the minimum and maximum fan speeds must be checked as follows

Fan Clutch Test-Maximum Speed Requirement

1. Use a suitable marker to mark the water pump pulley, one of the fan blade retaining bolts and the crankshaft pulley.
2. Connect a tachometer to the engine.
3. Install a throttle adjusting tool.
4. Connect a digital photoelectric tachometer.
5. Start the engine and run it at approximately 1,500 RPM until the normal operating temperature has been achieved.
6. Adjust the engine speed to 2,300 RPM.
7. Operate the digital photoelectric tachometer at 3,000 RPM and aim it at the water pump pulley. Adjust the engine speed until the light flash and the water pump pulley mark are synchronized.
8. Aim the digital photoelectric tachometer at the fan blade bolts. Adjust the strobe light until the light flash is synchronized with the marked fan blade bolt (the fan blade appears to stand still).
9. The fan blade speed must not be greater than 1,500 RPM at 3,000 water pump RPM.
10. Turn the engine off.
11. If the fan blade speed was greater than 1,500 RPM, install a new fan clutch (8A616).

Fan Clutch Test-Minimum Speed Requirement

1. Carry out Steps 1 through 5 of the Fan Clutch Test-Maximum Speed Requirement.
2. The temperature should be above 96°C (205°F) for maximum fan speed. Block off areas on each side of the radiator in the engine compartment and the front of the radiator grille. This will raise the temperature of the air striking the fan clutch and should cause the fan blade to operate at maximum speed.
3. Place the climate control function selector switch in the MAX A/C position and the blower motor switch in the HI position.
4. Adjust the strobe to 3,000 RPM.
5. Start the engine and adjust the engine speed until the digital photoelectric tachometer light and the water pump pulley mark are synchronized.
6. Aim the digital photoelectric tachometer light at the fan blade retaining bolts. Adjust the digital photoelectric tachometer light until the light flash is synchronized with the marked fan blade bolt (the fan blade appears to stand still).
7. If the fan blade speed is less than 2,300 RPM, install a new fan clutch.

Scheme 7

Draining

Note. The addition of Motorcraft Cooling System Stop Leak pellets VC-6, darkens Motorcraft Premium Gold Engine Coolant from yellow to golden tan.

Note. Less than 80% of the coolant capacity can be recovered with the engine in the vehicle. Dirty, rusty or contaminated coolant requires replacement.

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1. Make sure the engine is cool.
2. Wrap a thick cloth around the coolant pressure relief cap on the coolant reservoir. Slowly turn the cap counterclockwise (left) until the pressure begins to release.
3. Step back while the pressure releases.
4. When you are sure all the pressure has been released, use the cloth to turn and remove the cap.
5. Raise and support the vehicle. .
6. Remove the lower radiator cover.
7. Place a suitable container below the radiator draincock. Drain the coolant. Tighten the radiator draincock when finished.
8. Install the lower radiator cover.

Filling and Bleeding With RADKITPLUS

1. Using the special tool, install the RADKITPLUS and follow the RADKITPLUS manufacturer's instructions to fill and bleed the cooling system.

Filling and Bleeding Without RADKITPLUS

Note. The addition of Motorcraft Cooling system Stop Leak Pellets VC-6 darkens Motorcraft Premium Gold Engine Coolant from yellow to golden tan.

To maintain the integrity of the coolant and the cooling system

1. Add Motorcraft Premium Engine Coolant VC-4-A (CXC-10 in Canada, VC-5 in Oregon) or equivalent meeting Ford specification ESE-M97B44-A (green color), or Motorcraft Premium Gold Coolant VC-7-A (in Oregon VC-7-B) or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSS-M97B51 -A1 (yellow color). Always refill the cooling system with the same coolant that was drained from the system. Do not mix coolant types.
2. Do not add orange-colored Motorcraft Specialty Orange Engine Coolant VC-2 or equivalent, meeting Ford specification WSS-M97B44-D. Mixing coolant may degrade the coolant's corrosion protection.
3. Do not add alcohol, methanol, or brine, or any engine coolants mixed with alcohol or methanol antifreeze. These can cause engine damage from overheating or freezing.
4. Do not mix recycled coolant unless it meets the requirements of specification ESE-M97B44-A or WSS-M97B51-A1. Not all coolant recycling processes meet these specifications; use of such coolants may harm the engine and cooling system components.

1. Fill the radiator through the radiator cap opening. Close the cap when full.
2. Fill the radiator coolant recovery reservoir to the cold fill line.
3. Select the maximum heater temperature and blower motor speed settings. Position the control to discharge air from the A/C vents to the instrument panel.
4. Run the engine until it reaches operating temperature.
5. Turn off the engine and allow the cooling system to cool. When the pressure has been released, remove the radiator cap. Add more coolant mixture to the radiator until full.
6. Add more coolant mixture to the radiator coolant recovery reservoir until the level reaches the cold fill line.
7. Start the engine and allow it to idle. While the engine is idling, feel for hot air from the A/C vents. Hot air should discharge from the A/C vents. The engine coolant temperature gauge should maintain a stabilized reading in the middle of the NORMAL range and the upper radiator hose should feel hot to the touch
8. Check the engine coolant level in the radiator coolant recovery reservoir and fill it as necessary.
9. Repeat above steps as necessary.

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Material

ITEMS SPECIFICATIONS

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1. Drain the cooling system. For additional information, refer to «COOLING SYSTEM DRAINING, FILLING AND BLEEDING»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) .
2. Remove the water thermostat.
3. Install the water thermostat housing without the water thermostat.
4. Use cooling system ProFlush and Fill/Coolant Flush and Fill to flush the engine and radiator. Use premium cooling system flush.
5. Install the water thermostat.
6. Backflush the heater core if necessary.
7. Fill the cooling system. For additional information, refer to «COOLING SYSTEM DRAINING, FILLING AND BLEEDING»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) .

Scheme 13

1. Drain the cooling system. For additional information, refer to «COOLING SYSTEM DRAINING, FILLING AND BLEEDING»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) .
2. Raise the vehicle. .
3. Disconnect the block heater power cable from the block heater (6A051).
4. Remove the block heater.
5. To install, reverse the removal procedure.

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1. Drain the engine cooling system. For additional information, refer to «COOLING SYSTEM DRAINING, FILLING AND BLEEDING»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) .
2. Remove the air cleaner outlet tube. .
3. Remove the generator wiring harness bracket nut and position the wiring harness aside.
4. Disconnect the upper radiator hose.
5. Remove the bolts water outlet adapter and thermostat. Inspect the O-ring seal, install a new O-ring seal if necessary.
6. To install, reverse the removal procedure.

ITEMS SPECIFICATIONS

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1. Drain the engine cooling system. For additional information, refer to «COOLING SYSTEM DRAINING, FILLING AND BLEEDING»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) .
2. Remove the accessory drive belt. For additional information, refer to ACCESSORY DRIVE ENGINE .
3. Remove the fan shroud and fan blade assembly. For additional information, refer to «COOLING FAN»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) .
4. Remove the belt idler pulley.
5. Slide the water bypass hose clamp back.
6. Disconnect the heater hose at the water pump. Release the clamp. Remove the hose.
7. Disconnect the lower radiator hose at the water pump. Release the clamp. Remove the hose.
8. Remove the water pump pulley.
9. Remove the water pump.
10. To install, reverse the removal procedure.

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1. Drain the cooling system. For additional information, refer to «COOLING SYSTEM DRAINING, FILLING AND BLEEDING»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) .
2. Remove the air cleaner outlet tube. .
3. Disconnect and remove the overflow hose.
4. Remove the cooling fan shroud. For additional information, refer to «COOLING FAN SHROUD»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) .
5. Disconnect the upper radiator hose from the radiator.
6. Disconnect the lower radiator hose from the radiator.
7. Disconnect the two transmission cooling lines.
8. Remove the two bolts and the radiator.
9. Position aside EVAP test port.
10. To install, reverse the removal procedure.

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1. Remove cooling fan shroud. For additional information, refer to «COOLING FAN SHROUD»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) .
2. Remove the bolts.
3. Separate the fan blade from the fan clutch.
4. To install, reverse the removal procedure.

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1. Remove the air cleaner outlet tube. .
2. Using the special tools remove the fan blade and clutch assembly.
3. Remove the bolts, and the fan blade and shroud.
4. To install, reverse the removal procedure.

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1. Remove the air cleaner outlet tube and the engine air cleaner. .
2. Remove the bolt and position the speed control servo aside.
3. Disconnect the windshield washer hose from under the dash panel and plug the end of the hose.
4. Detach the washer hose from the routing clip.
5. Disconnect the windshield washer pump electrical connector from the windshield washer reservoir.
6. Disconnect and plug the overflow hose.
7. Remove the two nuts and bolts, and the coolant expansion tank.
8. To install, reverse the removal procedure.

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1. Partially drain the cooling system. For additional information, refer to «COOLING SYSTEM DRAINING, FILLING AND BLEEDING»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) .
2. Remove the thermostat. For additional information, refer to «THERMOSTAT»(/ford/explorer-sport-trac/i-2000-2005/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#engine-cooling) .
3. Disconnect the electrical connector.
4. Remove the water temperature indicator sending unit.
5. To install, reverse the removal procedure.

See also:
• COMPONENT TESTS
• SYMPTOM CHART
• GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS