Charging System - General Information: Other Ford Escape I рестайлинг

Battery

The battery is a 12-volt direct current source connected in a negative ground system. The battery case is sealed and includes 2 vent holes to release gases. The battery has 3 major functions

1. engine cranking power source
2. voltage stabilizer for the electrical system
3. temporary power when electrical loads exceed the generator output current

Battery Positive Output (B+) Terminal Circuit 38 (BK/OG) (2.3L)

The generator output voltage is supplied through the battery positive output (B+) terminal circuit 38 (BK/OG) on the rear of the generator to the battery and electrical system.

Battery Positive Output (B+) Terminal Circuit 36 (YE/WH) (3.0L)

The generator output voltage is supplied through the battery positive output (B+) terminal circuit 36 (YE/WH) on the rear of the generator to the battery and electrical system.

A Circuit 112 (BK/YE)

This is the A terminal battery voltage sense circuit and it is used to sense battery voltage.

Circuit 921 (GY/OG)

The generator monitor (GEN MON) circuit communicates the generator load and error conditions to the powertrain control module (PCM).

Circuit 920 (BN/WH)

This is the generator communication (GEN COM) circuit. The PCM determines the optimal voltage setpoint for the charging system and communicates this information to the voltage regulator through the GEN COM circuit.

Refer to STARTING/CHARGING for Escape or STARTING/CHARGING for Mariner for schematic and connector information.

Possible Causes

1. battery
2. generator
3. generator B+ circuit 38 (BK/OG) (2.3L) high resistance
4. generator B+ circuit 36 (YE/WH (3.0L) high resistance
5. high key-off current drain(s)
6. engine, generator and battery grounds
7. positive battery cable

Scheme 16

Scheme 17

1. A1 CHECK THE BATTERY CONDITION Carry out the Battery - Condition Test to determine if the battery can hold a charge and is OK for use. Refer to «BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES»(ref-232248) . Did the battery pass the condition test? Yes : GO to A2. No : INSTALL a new battery. REFER to «BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES»(ref-232248) . TEST the system for normal operation.
2. A2 CHECK THE GENERATOR OUTPUT Carry out the Generator On-Vehicle Load Test and No Load Test. Refer to «COMPONENT TESTS»(ref-232254-S28663384782006051600000) . Did the generator pass the component tests? Yes : GO to A3. No : INSTALL a new generator. REFER to «GENERATOR AND REGULATOR»(ref-232209) .
3. A3 CHECK FOR CURRENT DRAINS Carry out the Battery - Drain Testing. Refer to «COMPONENT TESTS»(ref-232254-S28663384782006051600000) . Are any circuits causing excessive current drains? Yes : REPAIR as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation. No : GO to A4.
4. A4 CHECK THE VEHICLE GROUNDS Key in START position. With the engine running, measure the voltage drop between the generator housing and the negative battery terminal. Is the voltage drop less than 0.1 volt? Yes : GO to A5. No : CHECK the engine ground, generator ground and the battery ground for corrosion. TEST the system for normal operation.
5. A5 CHECK THE VOLTAGE DROP IN THE B+ CIRCUIT With the engine running, measure the voltage drop between the generator B+ C102b, circuit 36 (YE/WH) (3.0L), C102c, circuit 38 (BK/OG) (2.3L); and the positive battery terminal. Is the voltage drop less than 0.1 volt? Yes : VERIFY if the customer left any component(s) on or if there is an intermittent excessive battery draw. TEST the system for normal operation. No : CHECK for any corrosion in the positive battery cable and/or connections. REPAIR as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation.

1. generator B+ circuit 38 (BK/OG) (2.3L) open or high resistance
2. generator B+ circuit 36 (YE/WH) (3.0L) open or high resistance
3. GEN MON circuit 921 (GY/OG) open or shorted to ground
4. GEN COM circuit 920 (BN/WH) open or shorted to ground
5. generator
6. PCM

Scheme 18

Scheme 19

Scheme 20

Scheme 21

1. B1 CHECK THE FAULT CODES IN THE PCM Connect the diagnostic tool. Key in ON position. Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: Retrieve PCM DTCs. Use the recorded PCM DTCs from the continuous and on-demand self-tests. Are any PCM DTCs recorded? Yes : Refer to «INTRODUCTION - GASOLINE»(ref-229953) article for Escape (gasoline) and Mariner. If referred here by an ENGINE PERFORMANCE related article, GO to B2. No : GO to B2.
2. B2 CHECK THE GENERATOR B+ CIRCUIT FOR POWER Key in OFF position. Measure the voltage between the generator C102b, circuit 36 (YE/WH) (3.0L), C102c, circuit 38 (BK/OG) (2.3L); and ground. Is the voltage approximately equal to battery positive voltage? Yes : GO to B3. No : REPAIR the circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
3. B3 CHECK THE GENERATOR INTEGRITY Disconnect: Generator C102a. Key in the ON position, engine OFF. Measure and record the battery voltage. Key in START position. NOTE: If the generator communication lines are disconnected (DTC P0622 may set), the generator will self-excite if it is operated at greater than 4,500 rpm (approximately wide open throttle [WOT]) for a minimum of 3 seconds. It will then operate in a default mode at 13.5 volts until the engine is turned off. With the engine running (after the brief WOT has been carried out), measure the battery voltage. Does the battery voltage increase a minimum of 0.5 volts from the key on, engine off measurement to the key on, engine running measurement (after the brief WOT or snap acceleration has been carried out)? Yes : GO to B4. No : INSTALL a new generator. REFER to «GENERATOR AND REGULATOR»(ref-232209) . TEST the system for normal operation.
4. B4 CHECK CIRCUIT 920 (BN/WH) FOR AN OPEN OR SHORT TO GROUND Key in OFF position. Disconnect: PCM C175e. Measure the resistance between the generator C102a-2, circuit 920 (BN/WH), harness side and the PCM C175e-7, circuit 920 (BN/WH), harness side and between the generator C102a-2, circuit 920 (BN/WH), harness side and ground Is the resistance less than 5 ohms between the generator and the PCM and greater than 10,000 ohms between the generator and ground? Yes : GO to B5. No : REPAIR the circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
5. B5 CHECK CIRCUIT 921 (GY/OG) FOR AN OPEN OR SHORT TO GROUND Measure the resistance between the generator C102a-1, circuit 921 (GY/OG), harness side and the PCM C175e-16, circuit 921 (GY/OG), harness side and between the generator C102a-1, circuit 921 (GY/OG), harness side and ground Is the resistance less than 5 ohms between the generator and the PCM and greater than 10,000 ohms between the generator and ground? Yes : GO to B6. No : REPAIR the circuit. TEST the system for normal operation.
6. B6 CHECK FOR CORRECT PCM OPERATION Disconnect all PCM connectors. Check for: corrosion pushed-out pins Connect all PCM connectors and make sure they seat correctly. Operate the system and verify the concern is still present. Is the concern still present? Yes : INSTALL a new PCM. REFER to «ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS - 2.3L»(ref-232211) for 2.3L or «ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS - 3.0L (4V)»(ref-232276) for 3.0L. TEST the system for normal operation. No : The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. TEST the system for normal operation.

1. A circuit 112 (BK/YE) high resistance
2. generator
3. PCM

Scheme 22

1. C1 CHECK THE FAULT CODES IN THE PCM Connect the diagnostic tool. Key in ON position. Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: Retrieve PCM DTCs. Use the recorded PCM DTCs from the continuous and on-demand self-tests. Are any PCM DTCs recorded? Yes : Refer to «INTRODUCTION - GASOLINE»(ref-229953) article for Escape (gasoline) and Mariner. If referred here by an ENGINE PERFORMANCE related article, GO to C2. No : GO to C2.
2. C2 CHECK THE BATTERY VOLTAGE Key in OFF position. Disconnect the diagnostic tool. Key in START position. With the engine running and all the accessories turned off, measure the voltage at the battery while varying the engine RPM. Is the voltage greater than 15.5 volts? Yes : GO to C3. No : GO to C4 .
3. C3 CHECK FOR A VOLTAGE DROP IN CIRCUIT 112 (BK/YE) Key in OFF position. Disconnect: Generator C102a. Measure the voltage between the generator C102a-3, circuit 112 (BK/YE), harness side and ground. Is the voltage within 0.5 volt from battery voltage? Yes : CONNECT the generator C102a. GO to C4. No : REPAIR the circuit for high resistance. TEST the system for normal operation.
4. C4 CHECK THE GENERATOR PIDS Connect the diagnostic tool. Key in START position. Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: Monitor PCM PIDs. With the engine running, monitor the generator output fault PID in the PCM. Does the PID read YES? Yes : GO to C5. No : GO to C6 .
5. C5 CHECK THE GENERATOR INTEGRITY Key in OFF position. Disconnect: Generator C102a. Key in the ON position, engine OFF. Measure and record the battery voltage. Key in START position. NOTE: If the generator communication lines are disconnected (DTC P0622 may set), the generator will self-excite if it is operated at greater than 4,500 rpm (approximately wide open throttle [WOT]) for a minimum of 3 seconds. It will then operate in a default mode at 13.5 volts until the engine is turned off. With the engine running (after the brief WOT has been carried out), measure the battery voltage. Does the battery voltage increase a minimum of 0.5 volts from the key on, engine off measurement to the key on, engine running measurement (after the brief WOT or snap acceleration has been carried out)? Yes : GO to C6. No : INSTALL a new generator. REFER to «GENERATOR AND REGULATOR»(ref-232209) . TEST for normal operation.
6. C6 CHECK FOR CORRECT PCM OPERATION Disconnect all the PCM connectors. Check for: corrosion pushed-out pins Connect all the PCM connectors and make sure they seat correctly. Operate the system and verify the concern is still present. Is the concern still present? Yes : INSTALL a new PCM. REFER to «ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS - 2.3L»(ref-232211) for 2.3L or «ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS - 3.0L (4V)»(ref-232276) for 3.0L. REPEAT the self-test. No : The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

1. generator
2. instrument cluster
3. PCM

1. instrument cluster
2. PCM

1. loose bolts/brackets
2. accessory drive belt
3. generator/pulley

1. generator
2. in-vehicle entertainment system

Generator On-Vehicle Tests

Note. Battery posts and cable clamps must be clean and tight for accurate meter indications.

Note. Refer to the battery tester manual for complete directions for testing the charging system.

1. Turn off all lamps and electrical components.
2. Place the transmission in NEUTRAL and apply the parking brake.
3. Carry out the Load Test and No-Load Test according to the following component tests

Scheme 23

1. Switch the tester to the ammeter function.
2. Connect the positive and negative leads of the tester to the corresponding battery terminals.
3. Connect the current probe to the generator B+ output terminal, circuit 38 (BK/OG) (2.3L), or circuit 36 (YE/WH) (3.0L).
4. With the engine running at approximately 2,000 rpm, adjust the tester load bank to determine the output of the generator. Generator output should be greater than the graph shown below. If not, refer back to the pinpoint test or GO to «SYMPTOM CHART»(ref-232254-S15059987732006051600000) .