Starting System Ford Crown Victoria II

DESCRIPTION

The starter is a permanent magnet gear-reduction motor with an externally-mounted solenoid. Starting system consists of a starter motor, solenoid, battery, ignition switch, Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor, starter relay and interconnecting cables and wires.

COMPONENT LOCATIONS

COMPONENT LOCATIONS

SHIFT LINKAGE

1. Place transmission selector in Drive position. On column shift, hang a 3-pound weight from end of selector lever. On all vehicles, turn rear air suspension switch off, if equipped. Switch is located on left side of trunk. Raise vehicle on hoist. Disconnect shift cable from manual control lever on transmission. Verify manual control lever is in Drive position. Reconnect shift cable. Tighten nut to specification. See «TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system__torque-specifications) .
2. Lower vehicle. On column shift, remove weight from selector lever. On all vehicles, verify adjustment. Vehicle should start only in Park or Neutral. Reverse lights should illuminate with transmission selector in Reverse position. If results are not as specified, adjust DTR sensor. See «TRANSMISSION RANGE SENSOR»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system__digital-transmission-range-sensor) . Turn air suspension switch on, if equipped.

DIGITAL TRANSMISSION RANGE SENSOR

1. Place transmission in Neutral. Turn rear air suspension switch off, if equipped. Switch is located on left side of trunk. Disconnect battery negative cable. Raise vehicle on hoist.
2. Disconnect manual shift lever cable and electrical connector from Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor. Loosen 2 DTR sensor bolts. Install DTR Sensor Aligner (T97L-70010-A). Tighten DTR sensor bolts to specification. See «TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system__torque-specifications) .
3. Connect shift lever cable with shift lever in Drive position. Tighten nut to specification. See «TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system__torque-specifications) . Connect DTR sensor electrical connector. Lower vehicle and connect negative battery cable. Turn air suspension switch on, if equipped.

TROUBLE SHOOTING

Check the following items before proceeding with testing

1. Check battery for state of charge.
2. Check cable connections at battery and starter motor for looseness or corrosion.
3. Ensure transmission is fully engaged in Park or Neutral.
4. Check fuse No. 101 (30-amp) in Battery Junction Box (BJB). (Scheme 1) BJB is located on right side of engine compartment.
5. Check fuse No. 9 (5-amp) in Central Junction Box (CJB). (Scheme 2) CJB is located behind left side of instrument panel.

Scheme 1

Scheme 2

SYSTEM TESTS

STARTER CRANKS IN REVERSE OR FORWARD GEARS

Check shift linkage adjustment. See SHIFT LINKAGE under ADJUSTMENTS. Adjust as necessary. Check adjustment of Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor. Adjust as necessary. See TRANSMISSION RANGE SENSOR under ADJUSTMENTS. If problem persists, install new DTR sensor and check system for normal operation.

STARTER CRANKS SLOWLY

Perform VOLTAGE DROP TEST under ON-VEHICLE TESTING.

Scheme 3

Scheme 4

Scheme 5

Scheme 6

Scheme 7

1. The PATS system DTCs are the only DTCs of concern in this step. Only repair retrieved non-PATS DTCs if a customer concern is reported. Perform the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) self-test. See SELF-DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM in PASSIVE ANTI-THEFT SYSTEMS - CROWN VICTORIA & GRAND MARQUIS article in DOOR LOCKS & ANTITHEFT SYSTEMS in ACCESSORIES & EQUIPMENT. If any PATS DTCs are retrieved, repair as necessary. See DIAGNOSTIC TESTS in PASSIVE ANTI-THEFT SYSTEMS - CROWN VICTORIA & GRAND MARQUIS article in DOOR LOCKS & ANTITHEFT SYSTEMS in ACCESSORIES & EQUIPMENT. If no, go to next step.
2. Verify battery condition. Battery voltage should be 12 volts or more. Load test battery at approximately one-half cold cranking amperage rating. See load tester manufacturer's instructions. If battery voltage is less than 12 volts or loaded battery voltage is less than 9.6 volts, service battery or charging system as necessary. If battery is okay, go to next step.
3. Measure voltage between positive battery terminal and negative cable connection at engine block. If battery voltage is present, go to next step. If battery voltage is not present, replace ground cable or repair ground connections.
4. Measure voltage between positive battery terminal and starter motor case. If battery voltage is present, go to next step. If battery voltage is not present, remove starter motor and clean mounting surface. See «STARTER MOTOR»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system) under REMOVAL & INSTALLATION. Install starter and check system for normal operation.
5. Turn ignition off. Measure voltage between starter solenoid terminal "B" (battery cable) and ground. (Scheme 3) If battery voltage is present, go to next step. If battery voltage is not present, replace battery positive cable and check system for normal operation.
6. Momentarily connect jumper wire between starter solenoid terminal "B" (battery cable) and terminal "S" (Yellow/Light Blue wire). (Scheme 3) If starter motor cranks engine, go to next step. If starter motor does not crank engine, replace starter motor. See «STARTER MOTOR»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system) under REMOVAL & INSTALLATION.
7. Disconnect harness connector from starter solenoid terminal "S" (Yellow/Light Blue wire). (Scheme 3) Measure voltage between starter solenoid connector (Yellow/Light Blue wire) and ground with ignition switch in START position. If battery voltage is not present, go to next step. If battery voltage is present, clean starter solenoid "S" terminal and connector. Check for loose or intermittent connection. Repair as necessary and check system for normal operation.
8. Turn ignition off. Remove starter relay. Measure voltage between starter relay harness connector terminal No. 85 (White/Pink wire) and ground with ignition switch in START position. (Scheme 4) If battery voltage is present, go to next step. If battery voltage is not present, go to step 14.
9. Turn ignition off. Measure voltage between starter relay connector terminal No. 30 and ground. If battery voltage is present, for police and natural gas vehicles, go to next step. For all other vehicles, go to step 11. If battery voltage is not present, check battery junction box fuse No. 1 (30-amp). If fuse is okay, repair Yellow wire between relay and fuse. Check system for normal operation. See «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system).
10. Measure resistance between starter relay connector terminal No. 86 and ground. If resistance is less than 5 ohms, go to next step. If resistance is 5 ohms or greater, repair Black ground wire between relay connector and ground connection on right fender, near battery. Check system for normal operation.
11. Disconnect: PCM connector. Measure the resistance between starter relay connector terminal No. 86 (Gray/Red wire) and PCM connector terminal No. 44. (Scheme 4)and (Scheme 5). If the resistance reading is less than 5 ohms, go to next step. If the resistance reading is 5 ohms or more, repair Gray/Red wire between starter relay and PCM. Test the system for normal operation.
12. Disconnect starter solenoid "S" terminal connector (Yellow/Light Blue wire). (Scheme 3) Measure resistance between starter relay connector terminal No. 87 and ground. If resistance is greater than 10,000 ohms, go to next step. If resistance is 10,000 ohms or less, repair short to ground in Yellow/Light Blue wire. Check system for normal operation.
13. Measure resistance between starter relay connector terminal No. 87 and starter solenoid terminal "S" (Yellow/Light Blue wire). (Scheme 4)and (Scheme 3). If resistance is less than 5 ohms, install new starter relay and check system for normal operation. If resistance is 5 ohms or greater, repair open in Yellow/Light Blue wire between starter and relay. See «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system).
14. Turn ignition off. Disconnect: Fuse No. 9 (5A) in CJB. Measure the resistance of fuse No. 9 (5A). If the resistance of fuse No. 9 is zero, go to next step. If the resistance of fuse No. 9 is not zero, go to step 21.
15. Hold the ignition switch to the START position. Measure the voltage at the input cavity of fuse No. 9 (5A) in CJB. If the voltage reading is greater than 10 volts, go to step 19. If the voltage reading is 10 volts or less, go to next step.
16. Disconnect ignition switch harness connector. Measure voltage between ignition switch harness connector terminal B4 and ground. (Scheme 6) If battery voltage is present, go to next. If battery voltage is not present, repair Yellow wire between fuse and ignition switch. See «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system).
17. Measure the resistance of Red/Light Blue wire between ignition switch connector terminal STA and input cavity of fuse No. 9 (5A). (Scheme 6) If the resistance reading less than 5 ohms, go to next step. If the resistance is 5 ohms or more, repair Red/Light Blue wire between ignition switch and fuse No. 9 for an open. Test the system for normal operation.
18. Measure the resistance between ignition switch connector terminal STA (Red/Light Blue wire) and ground. (Scheme 6) If the resistance reading is less than 10,000 ohms, repair Red/Light Blue wire between ignition switch and fuse No. 9 for a short to ground. Test the system for normal operation. If resistance is more than 10,000 ohms, install a new ignition switch. See STEERING COLUMN SWITCHES - CROWN VICTORIA & GRAND MARQUIS article in ACCESSORIES & EQUIPMENT. Test the system for normal operation.
19. Disconnect the Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor harness connector. Measure resistance between the DTR sensor harness connector terminal No. 12 (Brown/Pink wire) and fuse No. 9 in CJB. (Scheme 7) If resistance reading is less than 5 ohms, go to next step. If resistance reading is 5 ohms or more, repair Brown/Pink wire between DTR sensor and fuse No. 9. See «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system).
20. Measure the resistance of White/Pink wire) between starter relay connector terminal No. 85 and DTR sensor connector terminal No. 10. (Scheme 4)and (Scheme 7). If the resistance reading is less than 5 ohms, see DIAGNOSTIC TESTS in appropriate DIAGNOSIS article in AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONS to diagnose DTR sensor. If resistance is 5 ohms or more, repair White/Pink wire between starter relay and DTR sensor for an open. See «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system). Test the system for normal operation.
21. Disconnect starter relay. Measure the resistance between fuse No. 9 output cavity (Brown/Pink wire) and ground. If the resistance reading is greater than 10,000 ohms, inspect all circuits and connections. Check for chafed wires or an intermittent connection to ground. Install a new fuse No. 9 (5A). Test the system for normal operation. If resistance is 10,000 ohms or less, go to next step.
22. Disconnect DTR sensor. Measure the resistance between DTR sensor connector terminal No. 12 (Brown/Pink wire) and ground. (Scheme 7) If the resistance reading is greater than 10,000 ohms, go to next step. If the resistance reading is 10,000 ohms or less, repair (Brown/Pink wire between DTR sensor and fuse No. 9 for a short to ground. See «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system). Test the system for normal operation.
23. Measure the resistance between DTR sensor connector terminal No. 10 (White/Pink wire) and ground. (Scheme 7) If the resistance reading is greater than 10,000 ohms, see DIAGNOSTIC TESTS in appropriate DIAGNOSIS article in AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONS to diagnose DTR sensor. If resistance is 10,000 ohms or less, repair White/Pink wire between DTR sensor and starter relay for a short to ground. See «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system). Test the system for normal operation.

UNUSUAL STARTER NOISE

1. Verify starter is installed properly. Ensure bolts are tight. Repair as necessary and check system for normal operation. If starter is mounted properly, go to next step.
2. Connect remote starter switch between starter solenoid terminal "B" (positive battery cable connection) and terminal "S" (Yellow/Light Blue wire). (Scheme 3) Engage starter motor and verify noise is coming from starter motor. If noise is coming from starter motor, go to next step. If noise is not coming from starter motor, diagnose engine mechanical problem. See appropriate article in ENGINES.
3. Remove starter motor. See «STARTER MOTOR»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system) under REMOVAL & INSTALLATION. Inspect flywheel ring gear for wear or damage. If ring gear is okay, replace starter motor. If ring gear is worn or damaged, replace ring gear and inspect starter drive gear. If ring gear is replaced and starter drive gear is also damaged, replace starter motor.

STARTER SPINS BUT ENGINE DOES NOT CRANK

Inspect starter motor mounting. Ensure bolts are tight and starter is properly aligned. If starter motor is mounted properly, remove starter motor and inspect ring gear and starter drive gear for wear or damage. See STARTER MOTOR under REMOVAL & INSTALLATION. Repair as necessary. If ring gear and starter motor drive gear are okay, install new starter motor and check system for normal operation.

VOLTAGE DROP TEST

Note. Make all voltmeter connections at component terminal rather than at cable or wire end.

Scheme 8

1. Verify battery condition. Battery voltage should be 12 volts or more. Load test battery at approximately one-half cold cranking amperage rating. See load tester manufacturer's instructions. If battery voltage is less than 12 volts or loaded battery voltage is less than 9.6 volts, service battery or charging system as necessary. If battery is okay, go to next step.
2. Disconnect inertia fuel shutoff switch. See «COMPONENT LOCATIONS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system__component-locations). Connect remote starter switch between starter solenoid terminal "S" and positive battery post.
3. Using a digital voltmeter set at lowest voltage scale, connect positive voltmeter lead to positive battery post, and negative lead to solenoid terminal "M". (Scheme 8)
4. Engage remote starter switch. Voltmeter should indicate.5 volt or less. If voltmeter indicates more than.5 volt, go to next step. If voltmeter indicates.5 volt or less, go to «STARTER GROUND CIRCUIT TEST»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system__starter-ground-circuit-test).
5. Move negative voltmeter lead to solenoid terminal "B". Engage remote starter switch. If voltmeter indicates more than.5 volt, go to next step. If voltmeter indicates less than.5 volt, solenoid connections or contacts are bad. Clean solenoid terminals "B", "S" and "M". Repeat steps 2 - 5. If voltmeter still indicates more than.5 volt at terminal "M" and less than.5 volt at terminal "B", solenoid contacts are bad. Install new starter motor.
6. Clean cables and connections at solenoid. If voltmeter still indicates more than.5 volt at terminal "B", check for poor positive battery cable connection or bad cable. To locate excessive voltage drop, move voltmeter negative lead toward battery, and check each connection point. When high voltmeter reading disappears, last connection point checked is cause of problem. Repair or replace as necessary.

STARTER GROUND CIRCUIT TEST

Note. Make all voltmeter connections at component terminal rather than at cable or wire end.

Scheme 9

1. Disconnect inertia fuel shutoff switch. See «COMPONENT LOCATIONS»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/starter/#starting-system__component-locations). Connect remote starter switch between starter solenoid terminal "S" (Yellow/Light Blue wire) and positive battery post. (Scheme 9)
2. Using a digital voltmeter set at lowest voltage scale, connect positive voltmeter lead to starter housing, and negative lead to negative battery post. (Scheme 9)
3. Engage remote starter switch while observing voltmeter. If voltmeter indicates.2 volt or less, circuit is okay. If voltmeter indicates more than.2 volt, clean negative cable connections at battery and engine. Retest ground circuit.
4. If voltage drop is still excessive, repair or replace negative battery cable and/or engine ground cable as necessary. Repeat starter circuit test after repair to ensure problem has been corrected.
5. If battery and cables test okay and starter motor still cranks slowly or not at all, install new starter motor.

Removal & Installation

Disconnect negative battery cable. Turn rear air suspension switch off, if equipped. Raise vehicle on hoist. Remove the starter motor solenoid terminal cover. Remove transmission cooler line bracket bolt. Position bracket and transmission cooler lines out of the way. Disconnect wiring from starter solenoid. Remove 3 starter mounting bolts. Remove starter. To install, reverse removal procedure. Tighten bolts to specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS . Turn rear air suspension switch on, if equipped.

STARTER SPECIFICATIONS

STARTER SPECIFICATIONS

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS

2003

For starter system wiring diagram, see STARTING/CHARGING in SYSTEM WIRING DIAGRAMS in ELECTRICAL.

2004

For starter system wiring diagram, see STARTING/CHARGING in SYSTEM WIRING DIAGRAMS in ELECTRICAL.

For starter system wiring diagram, see STARTING/CHARGING in SYSTEM WIRING DIAGRAMS in ELECTRICAL.

For starter system wiring diagram, see STARTING/CHARGING in SYSTEM WIRING DIAGRAMS in ELECTRICAL.

For starter system wiring diagram, see STARTING/CHARGING in SYSTEM WIRING DIAGRAMS in ELECTRICAL.

For starter system wiring diagram, see STARTING/CHARGING in SYSTEM WIRING DIAGRAMS in ELECTRICAL.

See also:
• TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
• TRANSMISSION RANGE SENSOR
• SHIFT LINKAGE
• VOLTAGE DROP TEST
• STARTER MOTOR
• COMPONENT LOCATIONS
• STARTER GROUND CIRCUIT TEST