Evaporative Emissions Ford Crown Victoria II

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS

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The evaporative emission system

1. prevents hydrocarbon emissions from reaching the atmosphere.
2. stores fuel vapors in the evaporative emissions canister (EVAP canister) that are generated during vehicle operation or hot soak, or vehicle refueling, until they can be consumed by the engine during normal engine operation.
3. routes the stored fuel vapors to the engine during engine operation.
4. is controlled by the powertrain control module (PCM) which uses various sensor inputs to calculate the desired amount of EVAP purge flow. The PCM regulates the purge flow, induced by the application of intake manifold vacuum, by varying the duty cycle applied to the canister purge valve.
5. has an evaporative emission test port for test purposes.

The fuel vapors are routed

1. from the fuel tank through the fill limit valve and fuel vapor vent valve.
2. to the evaporative emissions (EVAP) canister(s) through a vapor line.
3. to the engine when the evaporative emission canister purge valve (EVAP canister purge valve) is opened by the powertrain control module (PCM).

The fuel tank pressure (FTP) sensor

1. monitors the pressure levels in the fuel tank.
2. communicates the pressure reading to the PCM during the OBD II leak test.

The evaporative emissions (EVAP) canister

1. is located under the rear of the vehicle, just behind the fuel tank.
2. contains activated carbon.
3. stores fuel vapors.

The fuel tank filler cap

1. relieves system pressure above 14 kPa (56.21 inches H 2 O).
2. relieves system vacuum below 3.8 kPa (15.26 inches H 2 O).

The canister vent solenoid

1. is normally open.
2. seals the evaporative emissions system for the inspection and maintenance (I/M 240) test and OBD II leak and pressure tests.
3. is mounted to the evaporative emissions canister.
4. is repaired as a separate item.

The evaporative emission canister purge valve

1. is normally closed.
2. regulates the purging of the evaporative emissions (EVAP) canister.
3. is controlled by the powertrain control module (PCM).

The evaporative emission system monitor

1. is a self-test strategy within the powertrain control module (PCM), which tests the integrity of the EVAP system.
2. monitors the EVAP system for leaks.
3. monitors electronic EVAP components for irrationally high or low voltages.
4. monitors for correct EVAP system operation.
5. uses negative and positive leak test methods to test and activate the EVAP system.

The evaporative emission (EVAP) system test port

1. is located on the EVAP canister purge outlet tube near the canister purge valve.
2. is used to connect the Evaporative Emissions System Tester to the EVAP system.

The EVAP Running Loss System leak test

1. utilizes intake manifold vacuum to test the system and involves several stages.

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Principles of Operation

Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister Purge Valve

The EVAP canister purge valve is controlled by the powertrain control module (PCM). The EVAP canister purge valve controls the flow of fuel vapors from the EVAP canister to the engine intake manifold during various engine-operating modes. The EVAP canister purge valve is normally closed.

Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister

Fuel vapors from the fuel tank are stored in the EVAP canister. When the engine is running, the vapors are purged from the EVAP canister for combustion. OBD II vehicles sometimes use multiple canisters, which is dependent upon the size and number of the fuel tanks used on a specific vehicle.

Canister Vent Solenoid

During the Evaporative Emission Running Loss System Test Monitor, Evaporative Emissions Repair Verification Drive Cycle and the Evaporative Emission System Leak Test, the canister vent solenoid is closed to allow either a vacuum to be drawn on the fuel tank or to hold a specified pressure in the system. The canister vent solenoid is normally open.

Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP) Sensor

The fuel tank pressure sensor is used to measure the fuel tank pressure during the Evaporative Emissions Monitor Test. It is also used to control excessive fuel tank pressures by forcing the EVAP system to purge. The fuel tank pressure sensor is tank mounted.

Fuel Vapor Control Valve

The fuel vapor control valve is normally between the EVAP canister and the fuel vapor vent valve. It's function is to prevent the flow of liquid fuel into the EVAP canister or up to the canister purge valve during refueling and to prevent the collection of liquid fuel in the fuel vapor hoses by overfilling the fuel tank.

Fuel Vapor Vent Valve (FVV) Assembly

The fuel vapor vent valve (FVV) assembly is mounted on the top of the fuel tank. It is used to control the flow of fuel vapors entering the EVAP system. The head portion of the assembly prevents the fuel tank from overfilling during refueling. The assembly also has a spring float, which prevents liquid fuel from entering the vapor delivery system under severe handling or vehicle rollover conditions. In the upright position the open bottom of the float will lift and shut off the orifice. Under severe handling conditions, the spring will push the float closed when angles allow liquid fuel to reach the orifice. In a rollover condition the weight of the open bottom float and spring pressure will close the orifice.

Fuel Filler Pipe Check Valve

The fuel filler pipe check valve is an integral part of the fuel tank or the fuel filler pipe. It is intended to prevent liquid fuel from re-entering the fuel filler pipe from the fuel tank on refueling or rollover conditions.

Fuel Filler Cap

The fuel filler cap is used to prevent fuel spill and to close the EVAP system to atmosphere.

Evaporative Emission System Monitor

When a fault occurs, the EVAP system monitor is reset to NO and a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is set in the PCM memory, After the DTC is repaired the vehicle drive cycle must be completed to reset the monitor in preparation for inspection and maintenance testing.

EVAP Running Loss System Leak Test

To start the testing, conditions of stable purging and vehicle speed must be satisfied. During the first stage, the EVAP canister vent solenoid is closed while the EVAP canister purge valve remains open, applying and building vacuum in the system as indicated by the FTP sensor. This phase checks for major leaks in the EVAP system.

In the second stage, the EVAP canister purge valve closes and the system looks for minimal decay rate in the EVAP vacuum, indicating the absence of any small EVAP system leaks.

The last stage is entered only if stage two of the leak test has failed and checks whether the failed test was due to excess vapor generation. It monitors fuel vapor generation rate. Initially the canister vent solenoid is opened to equalize EVAP system pressure to the atmosphere. Then the canister vent solenoid is closed allowing pressure to build, if vapor generation is present in sufficient quantity. If the rate of generation is found to be too high, the EVAP running loss system leak test is aborted. If not, then a small leak is diagnosed.

On-Board Refueling Vapor Recovery (ORVR) Evaporative Emission (EVAP) System

The basic elements forming the ORVR system are as follows

1. The fuel filler pipe forms a seal to prevent vapors from escaping the fuel tank, while liquid is entering the fuel tank. Liquid in the one inch diameter tube blocks vapors from rushing back up the fuel filler pipe.
2. A fuel vapor control valve controls the flow of vapors out of the fuel tank. The valve closes when liquid level reaches a height associated with fuel tank usable capacity. The valve accomplishes the following: Limits the total amount of fuel that can be dispensed into the fuel tank. Prevents liquid gasoline from exiting the fuel tank when submerged, as well as when tipped well beyond a horizontal plane as part of the vehicle rollover protection in road accidents. Minimizes vapor flow resistance during anticipated refueling conditions.
3. Fuel vapor tubing connects the fuel vapor control valve to the EVAP canister. This routes the fuel tank vapors, displaced by the incoming liquid, to the EVAP canister.
4. A check valve in the fuel filling system prevents liquid from rushing back up the fuel filler pipe during the liquid flow variations associated with the filler nozzle shut-off.

Between refueling events, the EVAP canister is purged with fresh air so that it may be used again to store vapors accumulated during engine soaks or subsequent refueling events. The vapors drawn off of the carbon in the EVAP canister are consumed by the engine.

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1. Verify the customer concern is with the evaporative emission (EVAP) system.
2. Visually inspect for the following obvious signs of mechanical damage.
3. If the concern remains after the inspection, connect the scan tool to the data link connector (DLC) located beneath the instrument panel and select the vehicle to be tested from the scan tool menu. If the scan tool does not communicate with the vehicle: check that the program card is correctly installed. check the connections to the vehicle. check the ignition switch position.
4. If the scan tool still does not communicate with the vehicle, refer to the scan tool manuals.
5. Carry out the DATA LINK DIAGNOSTICS test. If the scan tool responds with: CKT914, CKT915 or CKT70 = ALL ECUS NO RESP/NOT EQUIP, refer to «MODULE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/communication-devices/#module-communications-network-system) . NO RESP/NOT EQUIP for PCM, refer to «INTRODUCTION - CNG, FLEX-FUEL & GASOLINE»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-controls-introduction-cng-flex-fuel-gasoline) . SYSTEM PASSED, retrieve and record the continuous diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), erase the continuous DTCs and carry out the PCM KOEO self-test.
6. If the DTCs retrieved are related to the concern, go to the «PCM DIAGNOSTICS TROUBLE CODE (DTC) INDEX»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions__pcm-diagnostics-trouble-code-dtc-index) to continue diagnostics.
7. If the concern remains after the inspection, determine the symptom. GO to «SYMPTOM CHART»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) .

PCM Diagnostics Trouble Code (DTC) Index

PCM DIAGNOSTICS TROUBLE CODE (DTC) INDEX

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Pinpoint Tests

Note. Reinstall or install new evaporative emission hose clamps removed or damaged during testing procedures.

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PINPOINT TEST B: DTC P0455 MAJOR LEAK OR NO FLOW DETECTED OR DTC P1443 VERY SMALL OR NO PURGE FLOW DETECTED IN SYSTEM

Note. Condition DTC P0455 set: -1.74 kPa (-7.0 inches H 2 O) over 30 seconds.

Note. Condition DTC P1443 set: -1.74 kPa (-7.0 inches H 2 O) over 30 seconds with more than 0.02 lb/min. vapor flow.

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PINPOINT TEST C: DTC P1450 EXCESSIVE VACUUM DETECTED IN THE FUEL TANK.

Note. Condition P1450 DTC set: More than -1.79 kPa (-7.2 inches H 2 O) over 30 seconds.

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1. Connect the scan tool and select the output test mode.
2. If PID monitors are not active, select PIDs.
3. Select the fuel tank pressure (FTP) and the volts (V) parameter identification (PID) for monitoring.
4. Select the ALL OFF mode.
5. Close the canister vent solenoid by pushing the START button on the scan tool.

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1. Connect the Evaporative Emission System Tester to the evaporative emission test port.
2. Close the canister vent solenoid. For additional information, REFER to «CANISTER VENT SOLENOID CLOSING PROCEDURE»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) .
3. Pressurize the evaporative emission system to 3.48 kPa (14 inches H 2 O).
4. Monitor the system for two minutes. The system fails the leak test if the pressure falls below 2.0 kPa (8 inches H 2 O).
5. Repair any leaks as necessary.
6. Repeat the leak test until the system remains above 2.0 kPa (8 inches H 2 O) after the two-minute test period.

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Drive Cycle Recommendations

Note. The following procedure is designed to execute and complete the evaporative emission repair verification drive cycle and to clear the Ford P1000, inspection and maintenance (I/M) readiness code. When the ambient air temperature is below 4.4°C (40°F) or above 37.8°C (100°F), or the altitude is above 2,438 meters (8,000 feet), the EVAP monitor will not run. If the P1000 must be cleared in these conditions, the powertrain control module (PCM) must detect them once (twice on some applications) before the EVAP monitor can be bypassed and the P1000 cleared. The EVAP bypassing procedure is described in the following drive cycle.

1. Most OBD II monitors will complete more readily using a steady foot driving style during cruise or acceleration modes. Operating the throttle in a smooth fashion will minimize the time necessary for monitor completion.
2. Fuel tank level should be between one-half and three-quarters full with three-quarters full being the most desirable.
3. The evaporative monitor can only operate during the first 30 minutes of engine operation. When executing the procedure for this monitor, stay in part throttle mode and drive in a smooth fashion to minimize fuel slosh.
4. Install the scan tool. Turn the key ON with the engine OFF. Cycle the key off, then on. Select the appropriate vehicle and engine qualifier. Clear all diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) and carry out a PCM reset.
5. Begin to monitor the following PIDs: ECT, EVAPDC, FLI (if available) and TP MODE. Press Diagnostic Data Link, PCM, PID/Data monitor and record, press trigger to select each PID, then start.
6. Start the engine without returning the key to the OFF position.
7. Idle the vehicle for 15 seconds. Drive at 64 km/h (40 mph) until the ECT is at least 76.7°C (170°F).
8. Is IAT above 4.4°C (40°F) and below 37.8°C (100°F)? If not, continue with the following steps but note that the EVAP Monitor Bypass portion of the drive cycle (Step 13) will be required to bypass the EVAP monitor and clear the P1000.
9. Cruise at 64 km/h (40 mph) for 60 seconds.
10. Cruise at 72 to 104 km/h (45 to 65 mph) for 10 minutes.
11. Bring the vehicle to a stop. Idle with the transmission in DRIVE (for automatic transmission) or NEUTRAL (for manual transmission) for two minutes.
12. Using the scan tool, check for pending codes. Conduct normal repair procedures for any pending code concerns. Rerun any incomplete monitor.
13. Park the vehicle for a minimum of eight hours. Repeat Steps 5 through 12.

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1. Disconnect the battery. For additional information, refer to «BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/charging-system/#battery-mounting-and-cables) .
2. Raise and support the vehicle. For additional information refer to «JACKING & LIFTING»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/hoistjack/#jacking-lifting) .
3. Separate the canister vent solenoid hose assembly.
4. Separate the fuel vapor hose assembly.
5. Remove the evaporative emissions (EVAP) canister with bracket assembly. Remove the bolts. Remove the nuts.
6. Disconnect the fuel vapor hose assembly elbow at the EVAP canister.
7. Remove the canister vent solenoid from the EVAP canister.
8. Remove the EVAP canister.
9. To install, reverse the removal procedure. Leak test the system. For additional information, REFER to «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION SYSTEM LEAK TEST»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) . Carry out the evaporative emission repair verification drive cycle. For additional information, «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION REPAIR VERIFICATION DRIVE CYCLE»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) .

Removal And Installation

Note. 4.6L (2V) shown, 4.6L (4V) similar.

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1. Disconnect the connector.
2. Disconnect the evaporative emission return tube.
3. Disconnect the evaporative emission test port.
4. Remove the vacuum hose.
5. Remove the two nuts and the evaporative emission canister purge valve.
6. To install, reverse the removal procedure. Leak test the system. For additional information, REFER to «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION SYSTEM LEAK TEST»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) . Carry out the evaporative emission repair verification drive cycle. For additional information, REFER to «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION REPAIR VERIFICATION DRIVE CYCLE»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) .

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1. Remove the fuel tank. For additional information, refer to «FUEL TANK & LINES»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/fuel-system/#fuel-tank-fuel-lines) .
2. Remove the fuel vapor control valve tube assembly. Apply upward pressure on the fuel vapor vent valve. Remove the fuel vapor control valve tube assembly.
3. Remove the fuel vapor control valve. Push down and rotate counterclockwise. Remove the fuel vapor control valve.
4. To install, reverse the removal procedure. Leak test the system. For additional information, REFER to «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION SYSTEM LEAK TEST»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) . Carry out the evaporative emission repair verification drive cycle. For additional information, REFER to «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION REPAIR VERIFICATION DRIVE CYCLE»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) .

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1. Disconnect the evaporative emission (EVAP) test port at the EVAP canister purge valve.
2. Remove the evaporative emission test port by disconnecting at the EVAP canister purge outlet tube.
3. To install, reverse the removal procedure. Leak test the system. For additional information, REFER to «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION SYSTEM LEAK TEST»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) . Carry out the evaporative emission repair verification drive cycle. For additional information, REFER to «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION REPAIR VERIFICATION DRIVE CYCLE»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) .

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1. Disconnect the evaporative emissions (EVAP) test port at the EVAP canister purge valve.
2. Disconnect and remove the EVAP test port.
3. To install, reverse the removal procedure. Leak test the system. For additional information, REFER to «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION SYSTEM LEAK TEST»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) .

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1. Remove the evaporative emission (EVAP) canister and bracket assembly. For additional information, REFER to «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION CANISTER»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) .
2. Disconnect the canister vent solenoid vent hose.
3. Remove the canister vent solenoid.
4. To install, reverse the removal procedure. Carry out the Leak Test. For additional information, REFER to «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION SYSTEM LEAK TEST»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) . Carry out the Evaporative Emission Repair Verification Drive Cycle. For additional information, REFER to «EVAPORATIVE EMISSION REPAIR VERIFICATION DRIVE CYCLE»(/ford/crown-victoria/ii-1997-2011/remont/auxiliary-emission-control-systems/#evaporative-emissions) .

See also:
• MODULE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK
• INTRODUCTION - CNG, FLEX-FUEL & GASOLINE
• BATTERY, MOUNTING AND CABLES
• JACKING & LIFTING
• FUEL TANK & LINES
• PCM DIAGNOSTICS TROUBLE CODE (DTC) INDEX
• SYMPTOM CHART
• PINPOINT TEST B: DTC P0455 MAJOR LEAK OR NO FLOW DETECTED OR DTC P1443 VERY SMALL OR NO PURGE FLOW DETECTED IN SYSTEM
• PINPOINT TEST C: DTC P1450 EXCESSIVE VACUUM DETECTED IN THE FUEL TANK