Contents Wiring diagrams Section: Testing & Diagnostics All sections

Engine Controls - 8.1L - Introduction (2 of 2): Overview Chevrolet Silverado 1500

Testing & Diagnostics 26 illustrations ~1516 words

Engine Controls Schematic Icons

Engine Controls Schematic Icons Icon Icon Definition NOTE: The OBD II symbol is used on the circuit diagrams in order to alert the technician that the circuit is essential for proper OBD II emission control circuit operation. Any circuit which fails and causes the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) to turn ON, or causes emissions-related component damage, is identified as an OBD II circuit

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Scheme 427: Engine Controls Schematic Icons

Scheme 428

Scheme 428: Engine Controls Schematics

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Scheme 440

Scheme 440: Engine Controls Component Views
CalloutComponent Name
1Transmission Control Module (TCM)
2Powertrain Control Module (PCM)

Callouts For (Scheme 439)

Scheme 441

Scheme 441
CalloutComponent Name
1Clamp
2Air Duct
3Clamp
4Mass Air Flow (MAF)/Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
5Air Cleaner Assembly
6Air Restriction Indicator

Callouts For (Scheme 440)

Scheme 442

Scheme 442
CalloutComponent Name
1Throttle Body
2Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister Purge Solenoid Valve
3Ignition Coil 1
4Fuel Injector 1
5Ignition Coil 3
6Fuel Injector 3
7Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor
8Fuel Injector 5
9Ignition Coil 5
10Fuel Injector 7
11Ignition Coil 7
12Knock Sensor (KS) - Bank 1
13Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor

Callouts For (Scheme 441)

Scheme 443

Scheme 443
CalloutComponent Name
1Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
2Engine Oil Pressure (EOP) Sensor
3Fuel Injector 8
4Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor
5Ignition Coil 8
6Ignition Coil 6
7Fuel Injector 6
8Fuel Injector 4
9Ignition Coil 4
10Fuel Injector 2
11Throttle Body
12Ignition Coil 2
13Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
14Knock Sensor (KS) - Bank 2
15Starter Solenoid
16Starter

Callouts For (Scheme 442)

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Scheme 444
CalloutComponent Name
1Fuel Pump Relay - Secondary

Callouts For (Scheme 444)

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Scheme 445
CalloutComponent Name
1Throttle Actuator Control (TAC) Module
2Throttle Actuator Control (TAC) Connector
3Fuse Block - Underhood

Callouts For (Scheme 444)

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Scheme 446
CalloutComponent Name
1Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor Connector
2Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor

Callouts For (Scheme 445)

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Scheme 447
CalloutComponent Name
1Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) Bank 1 Sensor 1
2Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) Bank 2 Sensor 1
3Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) Bank 2 Sensor 2
4Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) Bank 1 Sensor 2

Callouts For (Scheme 446)

Scheme 448

Scheme 448
CalloutComponent Name
1Fuel Pump and Sender Assembly
2Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP) Sensor
3Fuel Level Sensor

Callouts For (Scheme 447)

Scheme 449

Scheme 449
CalloutComponent Name
1Fuel Pump and Sender Assembly
2Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Vent Solenoid

Callouts For (Scheme 448)

Scheme 450

Scheme 450
CalloutComponent Name
1Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Vent Solenoid
2Fuel Pump and Sender Assembly - Primary
3Fuel Pump and Sender Assembly - Secondary (Except NQZ)

Callouts For (Scheme 449)

Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) Operation

The malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) is located in the instrument panel cluster. The MIL will display as either SERVICE ENGINE SOON or one of the following symbols when commanded ON

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Scheme 451: Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) Operation

The MIL indicates that an emissions related fault has occurred and vehicle service is required.

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Scheme 452

The following is a list of the modes of operation for the MIL

  1. The MIL illuminates when the ignition is turned ON, with the engine OFF. This is a bulb test to ensure the MIL is able to illuminate.
  2. The MIL turns OFF after the engine is started if a diagnostic fault is not present.
  3. The MIL remains illuminated after the engine is started if the control module detects a fault. A diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is stored any time the control module illuminates the MIL due to an emissions related fault. The MIL turns OFF after three consecutive ignition cycles in which a Test Passed has been reported for the diagnostic test that originally caused the MIL to illuminate.
  4. The MIL flashes if the control module detects a misfire condition which could damage the catalytic converter.
  5. When the MIL is illuminated and the engine stalls, the MIL will remain illuminated as long as the ignition is ON.
  6. When the MIL is not illuminated and the engine stalls, the MIL will not illuminate until the ignition is cycled OFF and then ON.

Fuel System Overview

The Fuel System is a returnless on-demand design. The fuel pressure regulator is a part of the fuel sender assembly, eliminating the need for a return pipe from the engine. A returnless fuel system reduces the internal temperature of the fuel tank by not returning hot fuel from the engine to the fuel tank. Reducing the internal temperature of the fuel tank results in lower evaporative emissions.

An electric turbine style fuel pump attaches to the fuel sender assembly inside the fuel tank. The fuel pump supplies high pressure fuel through the fuel filter and the fuel feed pipe to the fuel injection system. The fuel pump provides fuel at a higher rate of flow than is needed by the fuel injection system. The fuel pump also supplies fuel to a venturi pump located on the bottom of the fuel sender assembly. The function of the venturi pump is to fill the fuel sender assembly reservoir. The fuel pressure regulator, a part of the fuel sender assembly, maintains the correct fuel pressure to the fuel injection system. The fuel pump and sender assembly contains a reverse flow check valve. The check valve and the fuel pressure regulator maintain fuel pressure in the fuel feed pipe and the fuel rail in order to prevent long cranking times.

Fuel Metering Modes of Operation

The powertrain control module (PCM) reads voltages from several sensors in order to determine how much fuel to give the engine. The fuel is delivered under one of several conditions called modes. The PCM controls all modes.

EVAP System Operation

The evaporative emission (EVAP) control system limits fuel vapors from escaping into the atmosphere. Fuel tank vapors are allowed to move from the fuel tank, due to pressure in the tank, through the vapor pipe, into the EVAP canister. Carbon in the canister absorbs and stores the fuel vapors. Excess pressure is vented through the vent line and EVAP vent solenoid valve to the atmosphere. The EVAP canister stores the fuel vapors until the engine is able to use them. At an appropriate time, the control module will command the EVAP purge solenoid valve ON, allowing engine vacuum to be applied to the EVAP canister. With the EVAP vent solenoid valve OFF, fresh air is drawn through the vent solenoid valve and the vent line to the EVAP canister. Fresh air is drawn through the canister, pulling fuel vapors from the carbon. The air/fuel vapor mixture continues through the EVAP purge pipe and EVAP purge solenoid valve into the intake manifold to be consumed during normal combustion. The control module uses several tests to determine if the EVAP system is leaking.

Electronic Ignition (EI) System Description

The electronic ignition (EI) system is responsible for producing and controlling a high energy secondary spark. This spark is used to ignite the compressed air/fuel mixture at precisely the correct time. This provides optimal performance, fuel economy, and control of exhaust emissions. This ignition system consists of a separate ignition coil connected to each spark plug by a short secondary wire. The driver modules within each coil assembly are commanded ON/OFF by the powertrain control module (PCM). The PCM primarily uses engine speed and position information from the crankshaft and camshaft position (CMP) sensors to control the sequence, dwell, and timing of the spark. The EI system consists of the following components

Modes of Operation

There is one normal mode of operation, with the spark under PCM control. If the CKP pulses are lost the engine will not run. The loss of a CMP signal may result in a longer crank time since the PCM cannot determine which stroke the pistons are on. Diagnostic trouble codes are available to accurately diagnose the ignition system with a scan tool.

Sensor Description

This knock sensor (KS) system uses one or 2 broadband one-wire sensors. The sensor uses piezo-electric crystal technology that produces an AC voltage signal of varying amplitude and frequency based on the engine vibration, or noise, level. The amplitude and frequency are dependent upon the level of knock that the KS detects. The control module receives the KS signal through a signal circuit. The KS ground is supplied by the engine block through the sensor housing.

One way the control module monitors the system is by output of a bias voltage on the KS signal wire. The bias voltage creates a voltage drop that the control module monitors and uses to help diagnose KS faults. The KS noise signal rides along this bias voltage, and due to the constantly fluctuating frequency and amplitude of the signal, will always be outside of the bias voltage parameters.

Another way the control module monitors the system is by learning the average normal noise output from the KS. The control module learns a minimum noise level, or background noise, at idle from the KS and uses calibrated values for the rest of the RPM range. The control module uses the minimum noise level to calculate a noise channel. The control module uses this noise channel, and the KS signal that rides along the noise channel, in much the same way as the bias voltage type does. As engine speed and load change, the noise channel upper and lower parameters will change to accommodate the normal KS signal.

In order to determine which cylinders are knocking, the control module only uses KS signal information when each cylinder is near top dead center (TDC) of the firing stroke. If the control module has determined that knock is present, it will retard the ignition timing to attempt to eliminate the knock. The control module will always try to work back to a zero compensation level, or no spark retard. An abnormal KS signal will fall within the noise channel or will not be present. KS diagnostics are calibrated to detect faults with the KS circuitry inside the control module, the KS wiring, or the KS voltage output.

Air Intake System Description

The primary function of the air intake system is to provide filtered air to the engine. The system uses a cleaner element mounted in a housing. The cleaner housing is remotely mounted and uses intake ducts to route the incoming air into the throttle body. The secondary function of the air intake system is to muffle air induction noise. This is achieved through the use of resonators attached to the air intake ducts. the resonators are tuned to the specific powertrain. The mass air flow (MAF) sensor is attached to the outlet of the air cleaner housing. The air cleaner life indicator is located on an intake duct between the air cleaner housing and the throttle plate.