Contents Wiring diagrams Section: Frames, Subframes & Crossmembers All sections

Frame and Underbody Cadillac SRX I

Frames, Subframes & Crossmembers 3 illustrations ~2421 words

Fastener Tightening Specifications

ApplicationSpecification
MetricEnglish
Antilock Brake Module Retaining Nuts8 N.m71 lb in
Brake Line to Brake Hose Fitting27 N.m20 lb ft
Brake Pipe Bracket to Body Retaining Nuts10 N.m89 lb in
ECM Bracket Retaining Bolts9 N.m80 lb in
ECM Bracket Retaining Nuts12 N.m106 lb in
ECM to Bracket Retaining Nuts12 N.m106 lb in
Engine Mount Lower Retaining Nuts80 N.m59 lb ft
Front Frame to Body Front Mounting Bolts (Position 3)250 N.m185 lb ft
Front Frame to Body Mounting Bolts191 N.m141 lb ft
Front Frame to Body Rear and Mid Mounting Bolts (Positions 1 and 2)191 N.m141 lb ft
Intermediate Shaft to Steering Gear Retaining Bolt50 N.m37 lb ft
Outer Tie Rod to Steering Knuckle Retaining Nut70 N.m52 lb ft
Outer Transmission Mounting Bolts60 N.m44 lb ft
Power Steering Cooler to A/C Condenser Retaining Bolts9 N.m80 lb in
Power Steering Hoses to Frame Retaining Bolts4 N.m35 lb in
Power Steering Pipes to Power Steering Gear Retaining Bolt23 N.m17 lb ft
Rear Frame to Body Front Mounting Bolts265 N.m195 lb ft
Rear Frame to Body Rear Mounting Bolts191 N.m141 lb ft
Rear Shock Absorber Lower Mounting Bolt150 N.m111 lb ft
Trailer Hitch Mounting Bolts95 N.m70 lb ft
Transmission Mount Lower Mounting Nuts60 N.m44 lb ft
Upper Ball Joint Retaining Nut
First Pass120 N.m15 lb ft
Second Pass+ 210°
Water Bottle to Knuckle Retaining Bolts6 N.m53 lb in
Yoke to Shock Absorber Retaining Nut180 N.m133 lb ft

Fastener Tightening Specifications

Frame Replacement - Front

Tools Required

  1. J 24319-B Steering Linkage and Tie Rod Puller. See «Special Tools»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/frames-subframes-crossmembers/#frame-and-underbody__special-tools) .
  2. J 39580 Engine Support Stand. See «Special Tools»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/frames-subframes-crossmembers/#frame-and-underbody__special-tools) .
  3. J 43631 Ball Joint Remover. See «Special Tools»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/frames-subframes-crossmembers/#frame-and-underbody__special-tools) .

Removal Procedure

  1. Install the engine support fixture. Refer to «Engine Support Fixture»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/mechanical/#engine-mechanical-36l-ly7-1-of-5__engine-support-fixture) in Engine Mechanical - 3.6L (LY7) or «Engine Support Fixture»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/mechanical/#engine-mechanical-46l-lh2-1-of-5) in Engine Mechanical - 4.6L (LH2).
  2. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/hoistjack/#general-information) in General Information.
  3. Remove the front wheels. Refer to «Tire and Wheel Removal and Installation»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/wheel-tire-system/#tires-and-wheels) in Tires and Wheels.
  4. Remove the front air deflector. Refer to «Air Deflector Replacement - Front»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/exterior-body-panels/#body-front-end) in Body Front End.
  5. Disconnect the wheel speed sensor harness connectors.
  6. Disconnect the wheel speed sensor harness from the lower control arm.
  7. Remove the outer tie rod to steering knuckle retaining nut.
  8. Using the J 43631 , separate the outer tie rod from the steering knuckle. See «Special Tools»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/frames-subframes-crossmembers/#frame-and-underbody__special-tools) .
  9. Remove the power steering return hose to frame retaining bolts.
  10. Remove the power steering pressure hose to frame retaining bolts.
  11. Remove the engine control module (ECM). Refer to «Engine Control Module (ECM) Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-control-system-36l-ly7-introduction-2-of-2) in Engine Control - 3.6L (LY7) or «Engine Control Module (ECM) Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-control-system-46l-lh2-introduction-2-of-2) in Engine Controls - 4.6L (LH2).
  12. Remove the ECM bracket retaining bolts.
  13. Remove the ECM bracket.
  14. Remove the power steering cooler bracket to air conditioning condenser retaining bolts.
  15. Remove the power steering cooler from the air conditioning condenser.
  16. Remove the tie strap from the power steering pressure hose to the electrical harness.
  17. Remove the power steering pipes to steering gear retaining bolt.
  18. Disconnect the power steering pipes from the power steering gear.
  19. Disconnect the variable effort steering electrical connector from the power steering gear.
  20. Remove the intermediate shaft to power steering gear pinch bolt.
  21. Disconnect the intermediate shaft from the power steering gear.
  22. Disconnect the brake lines (1) from the brake hoses (3).
  23. Loosen the ABS module retaining nuts (2, 3).
  24. Disconnect the ABS module harness connector.
  25. Remove the upper ball joint retaining nut.
  26. Using the J 43631 , separate the ball stud from the steering knuckle. See «Special Tools»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/frames-subframes-crossmembers/#frame-and-underbody__special-tools) .
  27. Remove the yoke to shock retaining nut.
  28. Remove the yoke to shock retaining bolt.
  29. Remove the washer bottle to knuckle retaining bolts.
  30. Remove the engine mount lower retaining nuts.
  31. Install the J 39580 under the vehicle. See «Special Tools»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/frames-subframes-crossmembers/#frame-and-underbody__special-tools) .
  32. Lower the vehicle to the frame support table.
  33. Remove the frame mounting bolts (1-3).
  34. With the aid of an assistant, carefully raise the body from the frame.
  35. Ensure when raising the body the following items are clear from the frame: The brake pipes The steering knuckle assembly The wheel speed sensor electrical harness
  36. Remove the lower control arms. Refer to «Lower Control Arm Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-front/#front-suspension-system) in Front Suspension.
  37. Remove the stabilizer shaft. Refer to «Stabilizer Shaft Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-front/#front-suspension-system) in Front Suspension.
  38. With the aid of an assistant, remove the frame from the support fixture.

Installation Procedure

  1. With the aid of an assistant, install the frame to the support fixture.
  2. Install the stabilizer shaft. Refer to «Stabilizer Shaft Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-front/#front-suspension-system) in Front Suspension.
  3. Install the lower control arms. Refer to «Lower Control Arm Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-front/#front-suspension-system) in Front Suspension.
  4. Ensure when lowering the body the following items are clear from the frame: The brake pipes The steering knuckle assembly The wheel speed sensor electrical harness
  5. With the aid of an assistant, carefully lower the body to the frame.
  6. Install the frame mounting bolts (1-2). Tighten: Tighten the bolts to 191 N.m (141 lb ft).
  7. Install the frame mounting bolts (3). Tighten: Tighten the bolts to 250 N.m (185 lb ft).
  8. Raise the vehicle from the support table.
  9. Install the engine mount lower retaining nuts. Tighten: Tighten the nuts to 80 N.m (59 lb ft).
  10. Install the washer bottle to knuckle retaining bolts. Tighten: Tighten the bolts to 6 N.m (53 lb ft).
  11. Install the yoke to shock retaining bolt. Tighten: Tighten the bolt to 180 N.m (133 lb ft).
  12. Install the yoke to shock retaining nut. Tighten: Tighten the nut to 180 N.m (133 lb ft).
  13. Install the upper ball joint retaining nut. Tighten: Tighten the nut to 20 N.m (15 lb ft plus 210 degrees).
  14. Tighten the ABS module retaining nuts (2, 3). Tighten: Tighten the nuts to 8 N.m (71 lb in).
  15. Connect the ABS module harness connector.
  16. Connect the brake lines (1) to the brake hoses (3). Tighten: Tighten the fittings to 27 N.m (20 lb ft).
  17. Connect the intermediate shaft to the power steering gear.
  18. Install the intermediate shaft to power steering gear retaining bolt. Tighten: Tighten the bolt to 50 N.m (37 lb ft).
  19. Connect the variable effort steering harness connector to the power steering gear.
  20. Install the power steering pipes to the power steering gear.
  21. Install the power steering pipes to steering gear retaining bolt. Tighten: Tighten the bolt to 23 N.m (17 lb ft).
  22. Install a new tie strap to the power steering pressure hose and the electrical harness.
  23. Install the power steering cooler to the air conditioning condenser.
  24. Install the power steering cooler bracket to air conditioning condenser retaining bolts. Tighten: Tighten the bolts to 9 N.m (80 lb in).
  25. Install the ECM bracket.
  26. Install the ECM bracket retaining bolts. Tighten: Tighten the bolts to 9 N.m (80 lb in).
  27. Install the ECM. Refer to «Engine Control Module (ECM) Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-control-system-36l-ly7-introduction-2-of-2) in Engine Control - 3.6L (LY7) or «Engine Control Module (ECM) Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/testing-diagnostics/#engine-control-system-46l-lh2-introduction-2-of-2) in Engine Controls - 4.6L (LH2).
  28. Install the power steering pressure hose to frame retaining bolts. Tighten: Tighten the bolts to 4 N.m (35 lb in).
  29. Install the power steering return hose to frame retaining bolts. Tighten: Tighten the bolts to 4 N.m (35 lb in).
  30. Install the outer tie rod to steering knuckle.
  31. Install the outer tie rod to steering knuckle retaining nut. Tighten: Tighten the nut to 70 N.m (52 lb ft).
  32. Connect the wheel speed sensor harness to the lower control arm.
  33. Connect the wheel speed sensor harness connector.
  34. Install the front air deflector. Refer to «Air Deflector Replacement - Front»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/exterior-body-panels/#body-front-end) in Body Front End.
  35. Install the front wheels. Refer to «Tire and Wheel Removal and Installation»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/wheel-tire-system/#tires-and-wheels) in Tires and Wheels.
  36. Lower the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/hoistjack/#general-information) in General Information.
  37. Remove the engine support fixture. Refer to «Engine Support Fixture»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/mechanical/#engine-mechanical-36l-ly7-1-of-5__engine-support-fixture) in Engine Mechanical - 3.6L (LY7) or «Engine Support Fixture»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/mechanical/#engine-mechanical-46l-lh2-1-of-5) in Engine Mechanical - 4.6L (LH2).

Tools Required

J 39580 Engine Support Stand. See Special Tools .

  1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/hoistjack/#general-information) in General Information.
  2. Remove the rear wheels. Refer to «Tire and Wheel Removal and Installation»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/wheel-tire-system/#tires-and-wheels) in Tires and Wheels.
  3. Remove the exhaust system. Refer to «Exhaust System Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/exhaust/#engine-exhaust-system__exhaust-system-replacement) in Engine Exhaust.
  4. Remove the propeller shaft from the differential. Refer to «Propeller Shaft Replacement - Rear (AWD)»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/driveshaft-universal-joints/#propeller-shaft-and-universal-joints__propeller-shaft-replacement-rear-awd) or «Propeller Shaft Replacement - Rear (RWD)»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/driveshaft-universal-joints/#propeller-shaft-and-universal-joints__propeller-shaft-replacement-rear-rwd) in Propeller Shaft.
  5. Install the support fixture (3), in order to raise the lower control arm to relieve the tension from the shock.
  6. Remove the shocks lower mounting bolt (2).
  7. Remove the support fixture.
  8. Disconnect the electrical connectors for the rear wheel speed sensors.
  9. Disconnect the ABS wiring harness from the upper control arms.
  10. Disconnect the rear suspension position sensor wiring harness from the frame.
  11. Disconnect the rear suspension position sensor harness connector.
  12. Disconnect the head lamp leveling wiring harness from the frame.
  13. Disconnect the head lamp leveling sensor harness connector.
  14. Disconnect the rear brake pipe lines (1) forward of the rear wheelhouse.
  15. Remove the fastener for the brake pipe bracket (1).
  16. Remove the brake pipe bracket (2) from the studs in the body.
  17. Disconnect the intermediate park brake cable (2) from the front park brake cable connector.
  18. Disconnect the intermediate park brake cable (2) from the rear park brake cable connector (1).
  19. Position the frame support table J 39580 under the vehicle. See «Special Tools»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/frames-subframes-crossmembers/#frame-and-underbody__special-tools) .
  20. Using the J 39580 , lower the vehicle to the frame support table. See «Special Tools»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/frames-subframes-crossmembers/#frame-and-underbody__special-tools) .
  21. Remove the frame to body mounting bolts and washers.
  22. Carefully raise the vehicle from the rear frame assembly.
  23. Secure the frame to the support table.
  24. Remove the following components from the rear frame. «Rear Position Sensor Replacement - Electronic Suspension»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/electronic-suspension/#suspension-control-system-suspension-damping-and-suspension-leveling) in Electronic Suspension Controls (ESC) «Lower Control Arm Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) «Upper Control Arm Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) The rear brake pipes «Park Brake Cable Replacement - Left Rear»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/parking-brake-system/#parking-brake) or «Park Brake Cable Replacement - Right Rear»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/parking-brake-system/#parking-brake) in Park Brake «Stabilizer Shaft Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) «Adjustment Link Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) «Trailing Arm Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) «Stabilizer Shaft Link Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) «Brake Caliper Replacement - Rear (JL9, JE5)»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/mechanical-hydraulic/#disc-brake-system__brake-caliper-replacement-rear-jl9) in Disc Brakes «Brake Rotor Replacement - Rear»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/mechanical-hydraulic/#disc-brake-system__brake-rotor-replacement-rear) in Disc Brakes «Differential Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) in Drive Axle
  25. With the aid from an assistant, remove the frame from the engine support fixture.
  1. With the aid from an assistant, position and secure the new rear frame (2) on the engine support fixture.
  2. Install the following components to the rear frame assembly. «Differential Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) in Drive Axle «Brake Rotor Replacement - Rear»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/mechanical-hydraulic/#disc-brake-system__brake-rotor-replacement-rear) in Disc Brakes «Brake Caliper Replacement - Rear (JL9, JE5)»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/mechanical-hydraulic/#disc-brake-system__brake-caliper-replacement-rear-jl9) in Disc Brakes «Stabilizer Shaft Link Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) «Trailing Arm Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) «Adjustment Link Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) «Stabilizer Shaft Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) «Park Brake Cable Replacement - Left Rear»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/parking-brake-system/#parking-brake) or «Park Brake Cable Replacement - Right Rear»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/parking-brake-system/#parking-brake) in Park Brake The rear brake pipes «Upper Control Arm Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) «Lower Control Arm Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension-system) «Rear Position Sensor Replacement - Electronic Suspension»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/electronic-suspension/#suspension-control-system-suspension-damping-and-suspension-leveling) in Electronic Suspension Controls (ESC)
  3. Index the rear coil springs to the spring insulators.
  4. Ensure the intermediate park brake cable is positioned over left side frame assembly on the left side.
  5. Lower the vehicle to the frame.
  6. Position the coil springs (3) to the upper spring insulator (2).
  7. Index the rear side frame mounts to the rear locator sleeves (1) located on the body.
  8. Lower the vehicle until the frame mounts contact the body rail.
  9. Install the rear frame washers and anchor bolts. Tighten: Tighten the front bolts to 265 N.m (195 lb ft). Tighten the rear bolts to 191 N.m (141 lb ft).
  10. Raise the vehicle.
  11. Remove the J 39580 from under the vehicle. See «Special Tools»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/frames-subframes-crossmembers/#frame-and-underbody__special-tools) .
  12. Install the support fixture (3) in order to raise the lower control arms for ease of lower shock bolt installation (2).
  13. Install the lower shock bolt (2). Tighten: Tighten the bolt to 150 N.m (111 lb ft).
  14. Repeat step 13 for the other side.
  15. Remove the support fixture (3).
  16. Connect the intermediate park brake cable (2) to the rear park brake cable connector (1).
  17. Connect the intermediate park brake cable (2) to the front park brake cable connector.
  18. Position the brake pipe bracket (2) to the body studs.
  19. Install the brake pipe bracket retaining nuts (1). Tighten: Tighten the nuts to 10 N.m (89 lb in).
  20. Connect the rear brake lines (1) at the forward rear wheelhouse. Tighten: Tighten the lines to 27 N.m (20 lb ft).
  21. Connect the head lamp leveling sensor harness connector.
  22. Connect the head lamp leveling wiring harness to the frame.
  23. Connect the rear suspension position sensor harness connector.
  24. Connect the rear suspension position sensor harness to the frame.
  25. Connect the ABS wiring harness to the upper control arms.
  26. Connect the rear wheel speed sensor harness connectors.
  27. Secure the electrical harness retainer clips to the park brake cables.
  28. Install the propeller shaft to the differential. Refer to «Propeller Shaft Replacement - Rear (AWD)»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/driveshaft-universal-joints/#propeller-shaft-and-universal-joints__propeller-shaft-replacement-rear-awd) or «Propeller Shaft Replacement - Rear (RWD)»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/driveshaft-universal-joints/#propeller-shaft-and-universal-joints__propeller-shaft-replacement-rear-rwd) in Propeller Shaft.
  29. Install the exhaust system. Refer to «Exhaust System Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/exhaust/#engine-exhaust-system__exhaust-system-replacement) in Engine Exhaust.
  30. Install the rear wheels. Refer to «Tire and Wheel Removal and Installation»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/wheel-tire-system/#tires-and-wheels) in Tires and Wheels.
  31. Lower the vehicle.
  32. Bleed the hydraulic brake system.
  33. Align the vehicle. Refer to «Measuring Wheel Alignment»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/wheel-alignment/#wheel-alignment-system__measuring-wheel-alignment) in Wheel Alignment.
  1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/hoistjack/#general-information) in General Information.
  2. Remove and support the exhaust from the catalytic converters. Refer to «Exhaust System Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/exhaust/#engine-exhaust-system__exhaust-system-replacement) in Engine Exhaust.
  3. Remove the transmission mount lower mounting nuts.
  4. Support the transmission with a screw jack and block of wood.
  5. Remove the outer transmission mounting bolts.
  6. Remove the inner transmission mounting bolts.
  7. Remove the transmission support from the vehicle.
  1. Install the transmission support to the vehicle.
  2. Install the inner transmission support mounting bolts. Do not tighten at this time.
  3. Install the outer transmission mounting bolts. Tighten: Tighten all the support bolts to 60 N.m (44 lb ft).
  4. Remove the screw jack.
  5. Install the transmission mount lower mounting nuts. Tighten: Tighten the nuts to 60 N.m (44 lb ft).
  6. Install the exhaust system to the catalytic converters. Refer to «Exhaust System Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/exhaust/#engine-exhaust-system__exhaust-system-replacement) in Engine Exhaust.
  7. Remove the support from the exhaust system.
  8. Lower the vehicle.
  1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/hoistjack/#general-information) in General Information.
  2. Remove the spare tire.
  3. Remove the rear fascia. Refer to «Fascia Replacement - Rear Bumper»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/exterior-body-panels/#bumper-system) in Bumpers.
  4. Lower the exhaust system from the rear hangers and support.
  5. Remove the automatic level control compressor with bracket. Refer to «Air Compressor Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/electronic-suspension/#suspension-control-system-suspension-leveling) in Automatic Level Control.
  6. Support the trailer hitch with a suitable jack.
  7. Remove the trailer hitch mounting bolts.
  8. Remove the trailer hitch from the vehicle.
  1. Position the trailer hitch to the vehicle using a jack to maintain the position.
  2. Install the trailer hitch mounting bolts. Tighten: Tighten the bolts to 95 N.m (70 lb ft).
  3. Install the automatic level control compressor with bracket. Refer to «Air Compressor Replacement»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/electronic-suspension/#suspension-control-system-suspension-leveling) in Automatic Level Control.
  4. Install the exhaust system the rear hangers.
  5. On vehicles without a previously installed trailer hitch, carefully remove the perforated section for the trailer hitch from the rear fascia.
  6. Install the rear fascia. Refer to «Fascia Replacement - Rear Bumper»(/cadillac/srx/i-2003-2009/remont/exterior-body-panels/#bumper-system) in Bumpers.
  7. Install the spare tire.
  8. Lower the vehicle.

Special Tools

Special Tools Illustration Tool Number/ Description J 24319-B Steering Linkage and Tie Rod Puller J 39580 Engine Support Stand J 43631 Ball Joint Remover

Scheme 1

Scheme 1: Special Tools

Scheme 2

Scheme 2

Scheme 3

Scheme 3