Engine Controls - System/component Tests: Other Toyota RAV4 I

Power & Ground Circuits

For testing of Engine Control Module (ECM) power and ground circuits, see PIN VOLTAGE CHARTS article. See ECM LOCATION table for identifying ECM mounting locations.

ECM LOCATION

CAMSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

Camshaft position sensor is a pick-up coil located in the distributor. For checking of pick-up coil, see PICK-UP COIL RESISTANCE and PICK-UP COIL AIR GAP under IGNITION CHECKS (DISTRIBUTOR TYPE IGNITION SYSTEM) in BASIC TESTING article.

CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

For testing crankshaft position sensor, see CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR under IGNITION CHECKS (DISTRIBUTOR TYPE IGNITION SYSTEM) in BASIC TESTING article.

ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE (ECT) SENSOR

1. Ensure ignition is off. Disconnect electrical connector from ECT sensor. See «ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE (ECT) SENSOR LOCATION»(ref-22397-S13397271072001010300000) table. To verify wire colors for proper sensor identification, see appropriate wiring diagram in «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(ref-22399) article. NOTE: The ECT sensor may be also identified using appropriate illustration in «THEORY/OPERATION»(ref-22398) article.
2. Drain cooling system and remove ECT sensor. Place probe end of ECT sensor and thermometer in container of water. Attach ohmmeter between electrical terminals on ECT sensor. Heat water and note that resistance is within specification in relation to temperature. (Scheme 12) Replace ECT sensor if resistance is not within specification.

ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE (ECT) SENSOR LOCATION

Scheme 12

HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR

See OXYGEN SENSOR under ENGINE SENSORS & SWITCHES.

INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR

1. Ensure ignition is off. Disconnect electrical connector from intake air temperature sensor. Intake air temperature sensor is located on top cover of air filter housing. NOTE: Intake air temperature sensor may be also identified using appropriate illustration in «THEORY/OPERATION»(ref-22398) article.
2. Remove intake air temperature sensor. Place threaded end of intake air temperature sensor and thermometer in container of water. Attach ohmmeter between electrical terminals on intake air temperature sensor.
3. Heat water and note that resistance is within specification in relation to temperature. (Scheme 12) Replace intake air temperature sensor if resistance is not within specification.

KNOCK SENSOR

Note. Knock sensor may also be referred to as knock sensor No. 1.

1. Knock sensor is located on side of the cylinder block. (Scheme 13) Remove knock sensor from cylinder block before testing. See KNOCK SENSOR under ENGINE SENSORS & SWITCHES in «REMOVE/INSTALL/OVERHAUL»(ref-22403) article.
2. Using ohmmeter, check that no continuity exists between electrical terminal on knock sensor and body of knock sensor. Replace knock sensor if continuity exists.

Scheme 13

MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE (MAP) SENSOR

1. Ensure ignition is off. To check MAP sensor supply voltage, disconnect electrical connector from MAP sensor. See «MAP SENSOR LOCATION»(ref-22397-S08034346592001010300000) table. NOTE: MAP sensor may also be identified using appropriate illustration in «THEORY/OPERATION»(ref-22398) article. The MAP sensor has a vacuum hose connected to it and may be identified by wire colors. See appropriate wiring diagram in «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(ref-22399) article. MAP SENSOR LOCATION Application Location RAV4 In Engine Compartment, On Center Of Firewall
2. Turn ignition on. Using voltmeter, check MAP sensor supply voltage between terminals E2 and VC or VCC on wiring harness side of electrical connector for MAP sensor. (Scheme 14) The E2 and VC or VCC terminals are the 2 outer terminals. DO NOT use the center terminal.
3. The MAP sensor supply voltage should be 4.5-5.5 volts. If MAP sensor supply voltage is not within specification, check wiring circuit. See appropriate wiring diagram in «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(ref-22399) article. If MAP sensor supply voltage is within specification, turn ignition off. Reinstall electrical connector on MAP sensor.
4. To check MAP sensor output voltage, turn ignition on. Disconnect vacuum hose from MAP sensor. Connect voltmeter between terminals PIM and E2 on Engine Control Module (ECM). (Scheme 15) See «ECM LOCATION»(ref-22397-S24427235502001010300000) table. See «TERMINAL & WIRE COLOR IDENTIFICATION»(ref-22397-S13918811752001010300000) table. ECM LOCATION Model Location RAV4 Bottom Center Of Instrument Panel, In Front Of Console TERMINAL & WIRE COLOR IDENTIFICATION Terminal Wire Color PIM Light Green/Red E2 Brown
5. Measure and record output voltage under ambient atmospheric pressure. Attach vacuum pump to MAP sensor.
6. Apply vacuum in specified increments and measure MAP sensor output voltage drop at each increment. See «MAP SENSOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE DROP SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S12501841652001010300000) table. Replace MAP sensor if output voltage drop is not within specification.

MAP SENSOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE DROP SPECIFICATIONS

Scheme 14

Scheme 15

OXYGEN SENSOR

1. Two oxygen sensors are used. One oxygen sensor is on exhaust manifold before front catalytic converter. This oxygen sensor is referred to as the No. 1 or front oxygen sensor. Another oxygen sensor is located on bottom of front catalytic converter. This oxygen sensor is referred to as the No. 2 oxygen sensor or the rear oxygen sensor.
2. If problem exists with either oxygen sensor, a diagnostic trouble code will be stored in Engine Control Module (ECM). For diagnostic trouble code diagnosis, see «TESTS W/CODES»(ref-22400) article.

A/T

If problem exists with Park/Neutral Position (PNP) switch or circuit, a diagnostic trouble Code P1780 will be stored in the Engine Control Module (ECM). For diagnostic trouble code diagnosis, see TESTS W/CODES article.

1. Disconnect electrical connector from Park/Neutral Position (PNP) switch. The PNP switch is mounted on side of transmission/transaxle. Note terminal identification. (Scheme 16)
2. Using ohmmeter, check for continuity between specified terminals with shift lever in proper positions. See «PARK/NEUTRAL POSITION SWITCH SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S28815476382001010300000) table. If proper continuity does not exist, adjust or replace switch as necessary.

PARK/NEUTRAL POSITION SWITCH SPECIFICATIONS

Scheme 16

Scheme 17

PICK-UP COILS

Pick-up coil may also be referred to as a camshaft position sensor. For checking of pick-up coil, see PICK-UP COIL RESISTANCE and PICK-UP COIL AIR GAP under IGNITION CHECKS (DISTRIBUTOR TYPE IGNITION SYSTEM) in BASIC TESTING article.

THROTTLE POSITION (TP) SENSOR

1. Ensure ignition is off. Disconnect electrical connector from TP sensor on throttle body. Note terminal identification on TP sensor. (Scheme 18) Apply vacuum to throttle opener.
2. Using ohmmeter, check resistance between specified terminals in relation to throttle position. See «TP SENSOR RESISTANCE SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S18445313532001010300000) table. Replace or adjust throttle position sensor if not within specification.

TP SENSOR RESISTANCE SPECIFICATIONS

Scheme 18

VAPOR PRESSURE SENSOR

See FUEL EVAPORATION SYSTEM under EMISSION SYSTEMS & SUB-SYSTEMS.

VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR

1. Vehicle speed sensor is mounted on transmission/transaxle and contains a 3-pin electrical connector. Connect voltmeter and battery voltage and ground on electrical terminals of vehicle speed sensor. (Scheme 19)
2. While rotating vehicle speed sensor shaft, ensure voltage changes from zero volts to at least 11 volts. Voltage should change 4 times per revolution of the shaft. Replace vehicle speed sensor if voltage does not change as specified. Remove test equipment.

Scheme 19

CIRCUIT OPENING RELAY

1. Ensure ignition is off. Remove circuit opening relay. See «CIRCUIT OPENING RELAY LOCATION»(ref-22397-S03645514352001010300000) table. (Scheme 20) CIRCUIT OPENING RELAY LOCATION Application Relay Location RAV4 Top Rear Relay In Relay Box Below Driver's Side Of Instrument Panel, Behind Kick Panel
2. To check circuit opening relay continuity, use ohmmeter to check continuity between specified terminals. (Scheme 21)
3. To check circuit opening relay operation, apply battery voltage and ground to relay and use ohmmeter to check continuity between specified terminals. (Scheme 21) Replace circuit opening relay if defective.

Scheme 20

Scheme 21

EFI MAIN RELAY

Note. EFI main relay may also be referred to as EFI relay.

1. Ensure ignition is off. Remove EFI main relay. See «EFI MAIN RELAY LOCATION»(ref-22397-S34220935262001010300000) table. NOTE: The EFI main relay may also be identified using appropriate illustration in «THEORY/OPERATION»(ref-22398) article. EFI MAIN RELAY LOCATION Application Location RAV4 In Relay Box Near Driver's Side Front Corner Of Engine Compartment, Just In Front Of Strut Tower
2. To check EFI main relay continuity, use ohmmeter to check continuity between specified terminals. (Scheme 22)
3. To check EFI main relay operation, apply battery voltage and ground to relay and use ohmmeter to check continuity between specified terminals. (Scheme 22) Replace EFI main relay if defective.

Scheme 22

See CIRCUIT OPENING RELAY under RELAYS.

See EFI MAIN RELAY under RELAYS.

Fuel Pump Pressure

For fuel pump pressure testing, see BASIC TESTING article.

Fuel Injectors

1. Ensure ignition is off. Disconnect electrical connector at fuel injector. Using ohmmeter, check resistance between electrical terminals on fuel injector. Replace fuel injector if resistance is not within specification. See «FUEL INJECTOR RESISTANCE»(ref-22397-S11825554312001010300000) table.
2. To check fuel injector volume, remove fuel injector. See FUEL RAILS & FUEL INJECTORS under FUEL SYSTEM in «REMOVE/INSTALL/OVERHAUL»(ref-22403) article. Disconnect fuel hose from fuel filter and use Delivery Hose (09268-41046) to install fuel injector on fuel filter. (Scheme 23) NOTE: Fuel injector is connected to fuel filter, as fuel pressure regulator is located on the fuel pump in the fuel tank.
3. Place fuel injector into a clean graduated container. Place vinyl tube on end of fuel injector to prevent fuel spillage.
4. Use scan tool to operate the fuel pump to pressurize the fuel system. See FUEL PRESSURE under FUEL SYSTEM in «BASIC TESTING»(ref-22395) article. NOTE: Fuel pump may also be operated to pressurize fuel system by applying battery voltage to electrical terminals on fuel pump. For operating of fuel pump, see FUEL PUMP RESISTANCE & OPERATION under «FUEL DELIVERY»(ref-22397-S00740312922001010300000) under FUEL SYSTEM.
5. Connect Fuel Injector Tester (09842-30070) to fuel injector for 15 seconds. (Scheme 24) Measure fuel injector volume. Test each fuel injector 2-3 times. Replace fuel injector if fuel injector volume is not within specification. See «FUEL INJECTOR VOLUME SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S04961023632001010300000) table. NOTE: Ensure difference between fuel injector volume on all fuel injectors is within specification. See «FUEL INJECTOR VOLUME SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S04961023632001010300000) table.
6. Disconnect fuel injector tester. Ensure fuel leakage from end of fuel injector is one drop or less in specified time. See «FUEL INJECTOR LEAKAGE SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S21525874642001010300000) table. Replace fuel injector if leakage exceeds specified amount.

FUEL INJECTOR RESISTANCE - Ohms @ 68°F (20°C)

FUEL INJECTOR VOLUME SPECIFICATIONS

FUEL INJECTOR LEAKAGE SPECIFICATIONS

Scheme 23

Scheme 24

Fuel Cut System

1. When testing fuel cut system, engine RPM must be monitored using scan tool. Connect scan tool to data link connector No. 3 for monitoring engine RPM. For connecting of scan tool, see appropriate application under IDLE SPEED & MIXTURE in «ADJUSTMENTS»(ref-22396) article.
2. Start and warm engine to normal operating temperature. Ensure the A/C and all accessories are off. Gradually increase engine RPM to maintain at least specified engine speed. See «FUEL CUT SYSTEM TESTING SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S16193251032001010300000) table. FUEL CUT SYSTEM TESTING SPECIFICATIONS Application Engine RPM RAV4 2500
3. Using stethoscope, check for fuel injector operating sound. Ensure when throttle lever is released, fuel injector stops operating momentarily and then resumes operating (fuel return RPM).
4. Ensure fuel return RPM is within specification. See «FUEL CUT SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S15293481432001010300000) table. Shut engine off. Remove test equipment.

FUEL CUT SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS (1)

IDLE AIR CONTROL (IAC) VALVE

1. Warm engine to normal operating temperature. Ensure idle speed is within specification. See IDLE SPEED & MIXTURE in «ADJUSTMENTS»(ref-22396) article.
2. Apply parking brake and place transmission/transaxle in Neutral. Install Jumper Wire (SST 09843-18020) between terminals TE1 and E1 on data link connector No. 1. (Scheme 25) Start engine and note RPM. NOTE: Data link connector No. 1 is located in engine compartment. NOTE: A break in step numbering sequence occurs at this point. Procedure skips from step 2) to step 4). No test procedures have been omitted.
3. Engine RPM should increase to specified RPM for 5 seconds, and then return to idle. See «IAC VALVE ENGINE SPEED TESTING SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S12579792882001010300000) table. IAC VALVE ENGINE SPEED TESTING SPECIFICATIONS Application Engine RPM RAV4 900-1300
4. If engine RPM is not as specified, test IAC valve resistance and operation. If engine RPM is within specification, remove jumper wire. Turn ignition off.
5. To test IAC valve resistance, ensure ignition is off. Disconnect electrical connector from IAC valve. IAC valve is located on lower area of throttle body. Using ohmmeter, check resistance between terminal +B and each remaining terminal. (Scheme 26)
6. Replace IAC valve if resistance is not within specification. See «IAC VALVE RESISTANCE SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S19536077142001010300000) table. IAC VALVE RESISTANCE SPECIFICATIONS Application Ohms Cold (1) 17.0-24.5 Hot (2) 21.5-28.5 (1) Cold is with temperature of 14-122°F (-10 - 50°C). (2) Hot is with temperature of 122-212°F (50-100°C).
7. To test IAC valve operation, remove IAC valve from throttle body. Connect positive battery terminal to +B terminal on IAC valve. (Scheme 27) Connect negative battery cable to proper terminal and ensure valve opens and closes. (Scheme 27) Replace IAC valve if defective.
8. If IAC valve resistance is within specification and operates correctly, check wiring circuit between Engine Control Module (ECM) and IAC valve. See «ECM LOCATION»(ref-22397-S24427235502001010300000) table. See appropriate wiring diagram in «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(ref-22399) article.

ECM LOCATION

Scheme 25

Scheme 26

Scheme 27

IGNITION SYSTEM

Note. For basic ignition checks, see BASIC TESTING article.

See KNOCK SENSOR under ENGINE SENSORS & SWITCHES.

EGR VACUUM MODULATOR

Note. When testing EGR vacuum modulator, it may be necessary to monitor engine RPM by using scan tool. For scan tool connections, see IDLE SPEED & MIXTURE in ADJUSTMENTS article.

1. Mark vacuum hose locations and disconnect vacuum hoses from EGR vacuum modulator. see scheme 19 Block ports "P" and "R" on EGR vacuum modulator. see scheme 18 NOTE: Ports "P" and "R" are the double ports on side of EGR vacuum modulator. Port "Q" is single port on side of EGR vacuum modulator.
2. Apply air pressure to port "Q". see scheme 18 Air should flow freely through air filter side of EGR vacuum modulator.
3. Start and operate engine at specified RPM. See «EGR VACUUM MODULATOR TESTING SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S03652924062001010300000) table. Repeat test procedures in steps 1) and 2). Strong resistance of airflow should be felt with engine at specified RPM. Replace EGR vacuum modulator if strong resistance is not felt. Reconnect vacuum hoses to proper locations.

EGR VACUUM MODULATOR TESTING SPECIFICATIONS

EGR VACUUM SWITCHING VALVE (VSV)

Note. When testing EGR VSV, it may be necessary to use proper illustration to determine component location. see scheme 19

1. Disconnect electrical connector from EGR VSV. See «EGR VSV LOCATIONS»(ref-22397-S16103096932001010300000) table. Using ohmmeter, check that continuity exists between electrical terminals on EGR VSV and that resistance is within specification. See «EGR VSV RESISTANCE SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S42392551882001010300000) table. Replace EGR VSV if no continuity exists or resistance is not within specification.
2. Ensure no continuity exists between each electrical terminal and the body of EGR VSV. Replace EGR VSV if continuity exists between electrical terminal and the body of EGR VSV.
3. To test EGR VSV operation, apply air pressure to port "E". Ensure air flows from port "G". Perform STEP 1. (Scheme 28) Apply battery voltage and ground to electrical terminals on EGR VSV.
4. Apply air pressure to port "E". Ensure air flows from filter and not from port "G". Perform STEP 2. (Scheme 28) Replace EGR VSV if defective. Reinstall EGR VSV.

EGR VSV LOCATIONS

EGR VSV RESISTANCE SPECIFICATIONS

Scheme 28

FUEL EVAPORATION SYSTEM

Note. Fuel evaporation systems contain different components depending on application. see scheme 19 When testing fuel evaporation system components, it may be necessary to use proper illustration to determine component location.

Charcoal Canister

1. Remove charcoal canister. Install plug on port "E" at top of charcoal canister. (Scheme 29)
2. Check for clogged filter and/or stuck check valve and diaphragm by applying light air pressure to port "A" while holding port "B" closed. (Scheme 29) Ensure air flows freely from port "D".
3. Apply light air pressure to port "A" while holding ports "B" and "D" closed. (Scheme 29) Ensure no air flows from port "C".
4. Using vacuum pump, apply light vacuum to port "B". Ensure vacuum does not decrease when port "C" is closed, and that vacuum decreases when port "C" is opened.
5. While holding port "C" closed, use vacuum pump to apply light vacuum to port "A". Ensure air flows into port "B". Replace charcoal canister if defective.

Scheme 29

EVAP Vacuum Switching Valve

1. Remove EVAP Vacuum Switching Valve (VSV). See «EVAP VSV LOCATION»(ref-22397-S28814610032001010300000) table. see scheme 19 EVAP VSV LOCATION Application Location RAV4 Mounted On Lower Side Of Air Filter Housing NOTE: EVAP VSV may also be identified by wire colors. See appropriate wiring diagram in «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(ref-22399) article.
2. Using ohmmeter, ensure continuity exists between electrical terminals on EVAP VSV and resistance is 30-34 ohms at 68°F (20°C). Ensure no continuity exists between each electrical terminal and the body of the EVAP VSV. Replace EVAP VSV if continuity exists between electrical terminal and body of EVAP VSV.
3. To test EVAP VSV operation, apply air pressure to port "E". Ensure air does not flow from port "F". Perform STEP 1. (Scheme 30)
4. Apply battery voltage and ground to electrical terminals on EVAP VSV. Apply air pressure to port "E". Ensure air flows from port "F". Perform STEP 2. (Scheme 30) Replace EVAP VSV if defective.

Scheme 30

1. Ensure ignition is off. To test vapor pressure sensor supply voltage, disconnect electrical connector from vapor pressure sensor. see scheme 19 See «VAPOR PRESSURE SENSOR LOCATION»(ref-22397-S37833319042001010300000) table. VAPOR PRESSURE SENSOR LOCATION Application Location RAV4 On Firewall, Above Brake Booster & Contains Black 3-Pin Electrical Connector
2. Turn ignition on. Using voltmeter, measure voltage between terminals VC and E2 on wiring harness side of electrical connector for vapor pressure sensor. The VC and E2 terminals are the 2 outer terminals. DO NOT use the center terminal. Supply voltage should be 4.5-5.5 volts.
3. If supply voltage is not within specification, check wiring circuit. See appropriate wiring diagram in «WIRING DIAGRAMS»(ref-22399) article. If supply voltage is within specification, turn ignition off. Reinstall electrical connector on vapor pressure sensor.
4. To test vapor pressure sensor output voltage, turn ignition on. Disconnect vacuum hose from vapor pressure sensor. Connect voltmeter between specified terminals on Engine Control Module (ECM). (Scheme 31) See ECM LOCATION and «ECM TERMINAL APPLICATION»(ref-22397-S31276827482001010300000) tables. ECM LOCATION Model Location RAV4 Bottom Center Of Instrument Panel, In Front Of Console ECM TERMINAL APPLICATION Application & Terminal No. Wire Color 7 Blue/Yellow 9 Brown
5. Using vacuum pump, apply.59 in. Hg of vacuum to vapor pressure sensor. Ensure output voltage is within specification. See «VAPOR SENSOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE»(ref-22397-S06658902232001010300000) table.
6. Release vacuum from vapor pressure sensor. Ensure output voltage is within specification. See «VAPOR SENSOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE»(ref-22397-S06658902232001010300000) table.
7. Apply.22 psi (.015 kg/cm 2 ) of pressure to vapor pressure sensor. Ensure output voltage is within specification. See «VAPOR SENSOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE»(ref-22397-S06658902232001010300000) table. Replace vapor sensor if output voltage is not within specification. Reconnect vacuum hose.

VAPOR SENSOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE

Scheme 31

Vapor Pressure Sensor Vacuum Switching Valve

1. Remove vapor pressure sensor Vacuum Switching Valve (VSV). see scheme 19 See «VAPOR PRESSURE SENSOR VSV LOCATION»(ref-22397-S02786092962001010300000) table. VAPOR PRESSURE SENSOR VSV LOCATION Application Location RAV4 On Top Of Charcoal Canister
2. Using ohmmeter, ensure continuity exists between electrical terminals on vapor pressure sensor VSV and resistance is within specification. See «VAPOR PRESSURE SENSOR VSV RESISTANCE»(ref-22397-S17053327882001010300000) table. Replace vapor pressure sensor VSV if no continuity exists or resistance is not within specification. VAPOR PRESSURE SENSOR VSV RESISTANCE Application Ohms @ 68°F (20°C) RAV4 33-39
3. Ensure no continuity exists between each electrical terminal and the body of vapor pressure sensor VSV. Replace vapor pressure sensor VSV if continuity exists between electrical terminal and body of vapor pressure sensor VSV.
4. To test vapor pressure sensor VSV operation, apply air pressure to port "E". Ensure air flows from port "G" and not from port "F". Perform STEP 1. (Scheme 32)
5. Apply battery voltage and ground to electrical terminals on vapor pressure sensor VSV. Apply air pressure to port "E". Ensure air flows from port "F" and not from port "G". Perform STEP 2. (Scheme 32) Replace vapor pressure sensor VSV if defective.

Scheme 32

POSITIVE CRANKCASE VENTILATION (PCV)

1. Remove PCV valve. Apply air pressure to PCV valve at cylinder head side of PCV valve. Ensure air flows easily through PCV valve.
2. Apply air pressure to PCV valve at intake manifold side of PCV valve. Ensure air flows through PCV valve with some resistance. Replace PCV valve if valve does not function as described.

THROTTLE OPENER

1. Warm engine to normal operating temperature. Ensure idle speed is within specification. See IDLE SPEED & MIXTURE in «ADJUSTMENTS»(ref-22396) article.
2. Shut engine off. Disconnect and plug vacuum hose at throttle opener. Start engine. Maintain engine speed at 2500 RPM. Release throttle and note engine speed. Engine speed should be within specification. See «THROTTLE OPENER SPECIFICATIONS»(ref-22397-S19539183392001010300000) table.
3. If engine speed is not within specification, rotate throttle opener adjusting screw until correct engine speed is obtained. (Scheme 33) Reinstall vacuum hose on throttle opener.

Scheme 33

THROTTLE OPENER SPECIFICATIONS (1)