Coolant
| WARNING | Do not remove radiator cap to check engine coolant level; check coolant visually at the see-through coolant reservoir. Coolant should be added only to reservoir as necessary. As long as there is pressure in the cooling system, the temperature can be considerably higher than the boiling temperature of the solution in the radiator without causing the solution to boil. Removal of the radiator cap while engine is hot and pressure is high will cause the solution to boil instantaneously and possibly with explosive force, spewing the solution over engine, fenders and person removing cap. If the solution contains flammable anti-freeze such as alcohol (not recommended for use at any time), there is also the possibility of causing a serious fire. Check to make sure that engine coolant temperature is cold before removing any part of cooling system. Also be sure to disconnect negative cable from battery terminal before removing any part. |
The coolant recovery system is standard. The coolant in the radiator expands with heat, and the coolant is overflowed to the reservoir.
When the system cools down, the coolant is drawn back into the radiator.
The cooling system has been filled with a quality coolant that is a 50/50 mixture of water and ethylene glycol antifreeze.
This 50/50 mixture coolant solution provides freezing protection to -36 °C (-33 °F).
- Maintain cooling system freeze protection at -36 °C (-33 °F) to ensure protection against corrosion and loss of coolant from boiling. This should be done even if freezing temperatures are not expected.
- Add ethylene glycol base coolant when coolant has to be added because of coolant loss or to provide added protection against freezing at temperature lower than -36 °C (-33 °F).
Note. Alcohol or methanol base coolant or plain water alone should not be used in cooling system at any time as damage to cooling system could occur. Coolant must be mixed with demineralized water or distilled water.
Anti-freeze proportioning table
| M/T model | A/T model | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Freezing temperature | °C | 36 | 36 |
| °F | 33 | 33 | |
| Anti-freeze / Anticorrosion coolant concentration | % | 50 | 50 |
| Ratio of compound to cooling water | Ltr. | 3.00/3.00 | 3.15/3.15 |
| US pt. | 6.34/6.34 | 6.66/6.66 | |
| Imp pt. | 5.28/5.28 | 5.54/5.54 | |
ANTI-FREEZE PROPORTIONING CHART
Coolant capacity
- M/T model Engine, radiator and heater: 5.3 liters (11.20/9.33 US/lmp pt.) Reservoir: 0.7 liters (1.48/1.23 US/lmp pt.) Total: 6.0 liters (12.68/10.56 US/lmp pt.)
- A/T model Engine, radiator and heater: 5.6 liters (11.83/9.86 US/lmp pt.) Reservoir: 0.7 liters (1.48/1.23 US/lmp pt.) Total: 6.3 liters (13.31/11.09 US/lmp pt.)
Coolant Circulation
While the engine is warmed up (thermostat closed), coolant circulates as follows.
Scheme 17
When coolant is warmed up to normal temperature and the thermostat opens, coolant passes through the radiator core to be cooled as follows.
Scheme 18
Coolant Level Check
| WARNING | To help avoid danger of being burned, do not remove radiator cap while engine and radiator are still hot. Scalding fluid and steam can be blown out under pressure if radiator cap is taken off too soon. |
To check level, lift hood and look at "see-through" coolant reservoir.
It is not necessary to remove radiator cap to check coolant level.
When engine is cool, check coolant level in reservoir (1).
A normal coolant level should be between FULL mark (2) and LOW mark (3) on reservoir (1).
If coolant level is below LOW mark (3), remove reservoir cap (4) and add proper coolant to reservoir to bring coolant level up to FULL mark (2).
Note. If proper quality antifreeze is used, there is no need to add extra inhibitors or additives that claim to improve system. They may be harmful to proper operation of system, and are unnecessary expense.
Scheme 19
| WARNING | To help avoid danger of being burned, do not remove radiator cap while engine and radiator are still hot. Scalding fluid and steam can be blown out under pressure if cap is taken off too soon. |
Scheme 20
- Check cooling system for leakage or damage.
- Wash radiator cap and filler neck with clean water by removing radiator cap when engine is cold.
- Check coolant for proper level and freeze protection.
- Using a pressure tester (1), check system and radiator cap (2) for proper pressure holding capacity. If replacement of cap is required, use a proper cap for this vehicle. NOTE: After installing radiator cap to radiator, make sure that the ear of cap lines is parallel to radiator. Cooling system and radiator cap holding pressure (for inspection) 110 kPa (1.1 kgf/cm 2 , 15.6 psi)
- Tighten hose clamps and inspect all hoses. Replace hoses whenever cracked, swollen or otherwise deteriorated.
- Clean frontal area of radiator core.
Cleaning
Clean frontal area of radiator cores.
