Communications
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Production: All
Audio Systems
Information and communication systems are playing an ever increasing role in the world today. People now expect these systems to be available within the automotive environment. The MINI is available with a range of facilities to fill these demands.
Purpose of the System
Audio systems that have been designed to integrate with the vehicle aesthetics and the sound tuned to the vehicle environment. They provide not only musical entertainment but traffic announcements and news information as well.
The MINI is offered with a range of audio systems from the standard stereo to a HI-FI system with a Digital Sound Processing (DSP) amplifier and Harman Kardon speakers.
MINI is standard with the CD53 Business single disc CD player. A 6 disc CD changer is optional and dealer installed.
System Components
The Standard Audio System consists of
Scheme 1
- CD53 Business CD Headset
- 6 Speaker System
The Top Hi-Fi DSP Audio system consists of
Scheme 2
- CD53 Business CD Headset
- Harmon Kardon DSP Amplifier
- 8 Speaker Harmon Kardon System
Optional 6 disc CD changer available with either System
CD53 Business CD Headset
The CD53 Business CD Headset has been designed to blend in with the vehicle interior and provide easy to read information via the display along with controls that are easy to reach and use. The radios support the following features
- Connection to an aerial diversity system
- Speed dependent volume control (GAL)
- Diagnosis capability via DISplus
- Keyless operation for 20 minutes
- Control via multi-function steering wheel (if equipped)
- Automatic muting during a telephone call (if equipped)
Radio Functions
The radios are switched on or off by pressing the volume button on the radio. On all business spec sets the radio is operational in ignition position 1 and 2 and functions for 20 minutes after the key has been turned to position 0 or removed.
Automatic Tuning
When one of the seek tuning buttons, < or > is pressed, automatic tuning commences in the direction of the arrow on the button pressed. If no station has been found after the entire frequency band has been run through twice, the tuner stops the seek function and returns to the last set frequency. The seek function can be cancelled by pressing the frequency band button, preset buttons, tone or - - button; this will then activate the function of the particular button pressed.
Manual Tuning
When the "m" button is pressed, manual control of the frequency search is obtained. Stepping up or down through the frequency range is performed by pressing the appropriate < or > which will adjust the frequency in a pre-determined step. Keeping the button depressed will allow the waveband to be scanned rapidly, releasing the button will then revert the operation back to the pre-determined step mode. After approx. 8 seconds the tuner will switch back to automatic tuning mode if neither of the seek tuning buttons is pressed. Manual tuning is available in all wavebands.
Scan
When the "m" button is pressed for approx 1.5 seconds the Scan facility is activated. The tuner will scan the respective waveband for all available stations and play each station for approx 7 seconds. When the tuner is set to the FM waveband and the RDS function is on, only RDS stations will be tuned in. To cancel the scan operation press the "m" button and this will revert the tuner to the last tuned station.
Tone
The tone button enables the following scroll sequence to be activated: Bass-Treble-Fader Balance-DSP functions (if equipped). Adjustment of each option is via the volume control knob. To revert the tone settings to the original mid point settings the tone button should be held for approximately 2 seconds. The setting may then be reset or the tone functions are exited via the - button.
When the DSP amplifier is installed the final options in the tone sequence are the DSP Effects and Driver setting. Selections are made using the - - button and volume control knob. After the TONE LIN option is accessed, a further press of the Tone button will access the following scroll menu
- Speed volume (GAL)
- TP Min - Sets Traffic announcement sound level
- PTY - Program Type Data. Can be set to Auto or Off
- RESET - Resets this menu to the original settings
Adjustment of each option is via the volume control knob or - - button.
RDS
RDS is a transmit and receive system that operates in the FM waveband. The data service provides information that is broadcast inaudibly alongside the audio signal. The station name will be displayed when the RDS system is active and tuned to a broadcasting station.
If the reception quality of the tuned station deteriorates and no alternative frequency is available the tuner will start to search. If the tuner cannot find a transmitter for the same program that offers adequate reception quality, the tuner will revert to the last frequency received.
The RDS on/off mode can be user selected. To select the RDS function the left button marked - - should be depressed. The main display will show 'RDS ON' for 3 seconds. To cancel the RDS function the same button should be depressed again. The main display will show 'RDS OFF' for 3 seconds.
Mode
The Mode button allows the user to switch between the different listening modes, ie: Tuner, Tape, CD, or CDC. Each change is accompanied by a short mute pause during which the mode selection will change on the display. When switching between modes the settings previously set are retained for each individual mode.
Standard Stereo Speaker System
The standard Stereo Speaker System consists of 6 loudspeakers.
Scheme 3
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Scheme 5
Standard Speaker Specifications
All 6 of the Standard Speakers are rated at 4 Ohms of Impedance and for a maximum power of 30 watts
The Tweeters are connected in parallel with the front woofers. The wires of the loudspeaker wiring harness are twisted and the harness is integrated into the main wiring harness.
Harmon Kardon 8 Speaker System
The optional Harmon Kardon 8 Speaker System consists of the following
- CD53 Business CD (or Cassette) Headset (Same as in Standard System)
- DSP Active Amplifier
- 8 Harmon Kardon speakers (10 discrete channels)
DSP (Digital Sound Processing Amplifier)
The DSP function allows five unique processed sound types to be selected along with the standard setting. The five types are
- Electronic
- Spatial
- Festival
- Instrumental
- MINI Harmon Kardon
The DSP function also allows for an on/off switching of the speaker time alignment facility (Driver function). This function enhances the stereo image of the sound by allowing for the fact that as the driver does not sit centrally in the car one speaker is closer to the listener than the other, hence the sound reaches the listener at different times; time alignment enables the sound to reach the listener at the same time thereby improving the stereo image. The Driver function is not available for the Spatial or Festival settings.
All DSP user functions are controlled from the radio headset using the Tone key and volume control knob. The DSP amplifier is located in the right of the luggage compartment behind the rear light.
Scheme 6
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Scheme 8
MFL
All radio headsets are compatible with the Multi-Function Steering Wheel. There are two sets of switches fitted on the back of the steering wheel, one on the left side and one on the right side. The right switch controls the volume up/down and the MODE function while the left switch enables the up/down selection of the preset stations on the chosen waveband. If the manual button is activated the left switch will manually up/down search the chosen frequency band and by pressing the switch > 4 seconds the frequency band will be fast searched.
Scheme 9
CD Changer (CDC)
The CD changer (CDC) is fitted into the right side of the luggage compartment. The CDC works in conjunction with all the MINI radio headsets. The CD magazine holds 6 discs and locates in an opening in the front of the unit. A sliding cover is closes off the magazine aperture and prevents dirt and dust ingress into the mechanism. A button located by the magazine is used to eject the magazine from the unit. Data is transferred and the CDC is controlled via the K-bus.
Scheme 10
Scheme 11
K-bus Interface
The headset is connected to the systems by means of the K-bus. The following functions are controlled through communication via the K-bus
- Anti-theft system
- Control via multi function steering wheel
- Changing of CD's by the CDC
- Diagnosis by means of DISplus
- DSP operation, illumination
Security
The radio headsets are no longer protected by a manually entered security code system. If a valid K-bus message isn't received, the radio will remain inoperative ('Disabled' status). Normal radio operation will commence once the radio has received a valid K-bus message. Each time the radio power supply is disconnected and reconnected a K-bus message is sent to the radio and if OK, the radio operation recommences. This security function also applies to the CD Autochanger when equipped.
Service Mode
All MINI radios have an on board service mode. This enhanced mode can be used to interrogate the unit settings and also diagnose the reception quality and audio acoustics.
Activating the service mode
The service mode can be activated within the first 8 seconds after switching on the radio unit. This is achieved by pressing and holding the "m" button (after 1.5 seconds, the SCAN mode is activated, the m button should not be released until the service test mode is entered. SN * * * * * * will be shown). The radio will then automatically switch to service test mode. Switching off the radio deactivates the service mode.
Service mode functions
When the service mode is activated the radio unit automatically switches to radio mode (FM1/RDS on). Only manual tuning is available in the service mode. The range of functions in Service mode is selected by using the - - button
| SN | Serial Number |
|---|---|
| SV - MM | Software Version |
| RS - OO | Revision Level |
| GAL | Selection of GAL Curve |
| Tuner 1 | Setting and Data for the Listening Receiver |
| DSP0 V00 | DSP Setting |
| TP-V | TP Volume Setting (Traffic Report) |
| Blank Display | Pixel Display Check |
| Region Set | Country Program |
| AF Auto | AF Setting |
SERVICE MODE FUNCTIONS
Aerial Systems
The MINI includes an antenna diversity system which uses the heated rear window (FM2/3) in addition to the rod aerial.
Rod Aerial with Diversity
Scheme 12
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Scheme 15
Scheme 16
The Aerial Diversity Unit has coaxial inputs from the roof aerial and the rear screen aerial amplifier unit. The unit also has the output coaxial to the radio headset and a radio on wire. The switching action of the diversity unit is configured to ensure that no noise is heard through the radio (diversity crackle). The unit constantly scans the aerial inputs for the best signal, which is then fed to the radio headset via the coaxial cable. The diversity function is only operational in the FM mode, when AM stations are being received the diversity function is deactivated.
Note
The navigation computer generates the appropriate visual display output to support navigation functionality. This is communicated to the display unit via an RGB video link for the LCD display. The navigation computer also generates the audible navigation instructions (speaker level) that are transmitted through the front channels of the stereo system speakers. The GPS receiver is an integral part of the navigation computer.
A modern satellite navigation system is an in-car guidance system that uses information transmitted from satellites orbiting the earth. From this information, the navigation computer can pinpoint the present position of the vehicle. The system computes this information against other data, which is generated in the car, and is able to calculate a route for the driver to take to reach his/her destination. The information is displayed on a monitor in the vehicle and is accompanied by computer generated audio instructions informing the driver when and where to maneuver.
The Navigation System consists of the following components
- CD Rom Navigation Computer
- GPS Antenna
- Gyro Sensor
- Distance Sensors
- Display
Scheme 17
The navigation computer consists of a CD-ROM drive, the hardware for navigation computation and a gyro sensor. The navigation computer generates the appropriate visual display output to support navigation functionality. Additionally the computer will provide the HMI (Human Machine Interface) for the On Board Computer. This is communicated to the display unit via an RGB video link for the LCD display. The navigation computer also generates the audible navigation instructions (speaker level) that are transmitted through the front channels of the stereo system speakers. The GPS receiver is an integral part of the navigation computer.
Scheme 18
The GPS antenna receives information from the constellation of GPS satellites in the sky. The signals are 'line of sight' transmissions i.e. there must be an unobstructed view between the satellites and the GPS antenna. The antenna is able to pick up signals through glass and non-electrically conducting trim - but not through metallic objects, buildings etc.
GPS Receiver
The GPS receiver generates and maintains the almanac. The GPS receiver determines the vehicles current position and compares it to the "dead reckoning position". The dead reckoning position is determined from the gyro-sensor and the wheel speed signal overlaid on the CD-ROM database. At any given point in time the computer can determine the vehicle's current position by reconciling the dead reckoning position with the GPS positioning.
Gyro Sensor
To provide a directional input to the system a gyro sensor is installed within the navigation computer.
Distance Sensors
The distance input to the navigation computer is a square wave output in proportion to vehicle speed from the ABS\ASC\DSC module (right hand rear wheel speed sensor). This signal is used by the Navigation Computer to match the position of the vehicle to the map.
Display
The color display is a 5.8" 16:9 aspect ratio color TFT LCD. An HMI processor integral to the navigation computer generates the display graphics for all modes of operation. The display has an RGB Video input for the graphics information from the navigation computer. The frame rate (60 Hz) automatically adjusts to match the source signal. The screen frequency is controlled by a K-bus message.
Audio Mute Key
The audio mute key is used to toggle the navigation audio instructions on or off. When audio mute is active the mute LED is illuminated to inform the user.
Re-route Key
The re-route key is used to request a new route when the navigation system is providing guidance information. There is no function for this button when the navigation system is not providing guidance, although the K-bus message will always be transmitted.
Repeat Key
The repeat key is used to request the last spoken navigation message to be repeated if appropriate.
The system will function in conjunction with the radio headsets. K-bus messages will provide radio muting during navigation messages. The navigation audio output will be via the radio headset unless a Digital Signal Processing amplifier is fitted.
Reverse Light Signal Input
This signal is used by the Navigation Computer to determine the direction of vehicle travel. The signal is supplied from the gearbox reverse light switch (manual versions). On the ECVT gearbox the signal is supplied from the starter inhibitor/reverse light switch.
On Board Computer (OBC)
The trip computer is displayed and operated via the LCD screen. The trip computer calculates and displays the following information
- Trip distance
- Range
- Average fuel consumption 1
- Average fuel consumption 2
- Estimated journey time
- Average speed
- Limit
Selecting the SET menu item and then confirming with the rotary control knob enters Service Mode. The MENU button should then be pressed and held for eight seconds. This will display the Service Mode menu screen.
The Service Mode has five main items displayed on its menu as follows
- On-board monitor
- NAVIGATION / GRAPHIC ELEMENT
- GPS
- Sensor check
To access the functions: turn the rotary control knob to select the desired function and then press to enter.
On-board Monitor
The ON-BOARD MONITOR VERSION information will appear as follows
- SW level
- HW level
- DIAG index
- BUS index
- Encoding index
- Supplier
Selecting FUNCTIONS causes pop-up menu to appear allowing the selection of
| VERSION | This displays the ON-BOARD MONITOR VERSION screen as described above. |
|---|---|
| KEY FUNCTION | This allows each key, including the rotary control knob, on the display unit control panel to be checked for correct operation. Each key is allocated a letter or number, which is displayed when pressed or turned. The screen display shows FF if no key is pressed, FEH if multiple keys are pressed |
| BRIGHTNESS | This enables the brightness of the display to be adjusted via a slider control on the screen that is controlled with the rotary control knob. Rotation in either direction will brighten or darken the LCD screen in a range from -10 to +10. Pressing the rotary control knob will select the chosen setting. |
FUNCTIONS DESCRIPTION
Access to these functions is possible using the rotary control knob.
Selecting FUNCTIONS will return to the pop-up menu or selecting < RETURN will return to the Service Mode menu.
The navigation computer version information will appear as follows
- SW level
- HW level
- DIAG index
- BUS index
- Encoding index
- Supplier
Select < RETURN to go back to the Service Mode menu.
GPS
The GPS VERSION information will appear as follows
- Receiver Version
- Receiver SW Date
Select FUNCTIONS: A pop-up menu appears which allows the selection of
- GPS VERSION
- GPS STATUS
- GPS TRACKING INFO
Access to these functions is possible using the rotary control knob.
Sensor Check
The display screen provides visual checks that all input sensors are operating. The following sensor status is displayed
| Wheel sensors | Wheel speed sensors used by the ABS\ASC\DSC system calculate the vehicle speed. When the vehicle is stationary the wheel speed sensor boxes will show zero. When the car is driven the values should increase in proportion to the vehicle speed. When the vehicle is driven in a straight line, the values should be similar. |
|---|---|
| GPS satellites | Displays the number of satellites visible to the system at that time. |
| GPS status | Displays the number of satellites visible and the GPS system status. The GPS statuses displayed are as follows:GPS Error: - There is a communication error between the GPS receiver and the navigation computer. Satellite Search: - The system is searching for satellites and may indicate a failure of the GPS system. Ensure that the GPS antenna is not covered and check harness connections between the GPS receiver and the antenna. Satellite Contact: - The system is tracking a number of satellites. This message shows that the system is functioning correctly, but there is not enough information to determine the vehicle position. Check that the GPS antenna is not covered in any way. It may take several minutes for the GPS system to locate enough satellites to determine the vehicle position. Position Known: - The system is tracking a number of satellites and has a current fix on the vehicle position. This shows that the system if functioning correctly. |
| Gyro | The navigation computer has a gyro which determines changes of vehicle direction. When the vehicle turns to the left, the direction icon should move anti-clockwise and the displayed value should decrease. When the vehicle turns to the right the direction icon should move clockwise and the displayed value should increase. The amount movement of the direction icon and of increase or decrease in the displayed value depends on the tightness of the turn. |
| Direction | The direction sensor determines whether the vehicle is travelling forward or backward. With the vehicle in any forward gear or neutral or 'park' for automatic transmission, the display will show 'Forward'. When reverse gear is engaged the display should show 'Backward'. |
SENSOR STATUS
Selecting FUNCTIONS will return to the pop-up menu or selecting < RETURN will return to the Service Mode menu.
Service Mode is exited by pressing the MENU button on the control panel which returns the system to the main navigation.
Software Loading/Configuration
All vehicles with navigation systems are delivered with the latest software installed and the language versions set to the appropriate market configuration. The system can have software loaded by the dealer, when new software is released for example.
Software can be loaded from a CD that is inserted into the navigation computer. The computer automatically senses that a software CD has been inserted and will display a software loading screen on the display unit LCD or the instrument cluster message center and begin to load the software. The LCD will display that software loading has commenced and the software version. The languages being loaded will also be displayed where appropriate.