Power Steering: Overview Lexus LS IV

DESCRIPTION

The torque sensor converts rotation torque input to the steering wheel into an electrical signal and sends it to the ECU. Based on this signal, the ECU detects steering effort.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

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1. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (POWER STEERING ECU - TORQUE SENSOR) Disconnect the C2 ECU connector. Disconnect the C5 sensor connector. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C5-1 (INCS) - C2-10 (INCS) Always Below 1 ohms C5-2 (INSN) - C2-9 (INSN) Always Below 1 ohms C5-4 (TRQV) - C2-4 (TRQV) Always Below 1 ohms C5-5 (OUCS) - C2-12 (OUCS) Always Below 1 ohms C5-6 (OUSN) - C2-11 (OUSN) Always Below 1 ohms C5-7 (TQG2) - C2-13 (TQG2) Always Below 1 ohms C5-8 (TQG1) - C2-6 (TQG1) Always Below 1 ohms C5-1 (INCS) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher C5-2 (INSN) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher C5-4 (TRQV) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher C5-5 (OUCS) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher C5-6 (OUSN) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher C5-7 (TQG2) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher C5-8 (TQG1) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR OK: Go to next step
2. INSPECT POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (TORQUE SENSOR) Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition 1 (INCS) - 7 (TQG2) Always 90 to 170 ohms 2 (INSN) - 7 (TQG2) Always 300 to 430 ohms 4 (TRQV) - 8 (TQG1) Always 4 to 14 ohms 5 (OUCS) - 7 (TQG2) Always 90 to 170 ohms 6 (OUSN) - 7 (TQG2) Always 300 to 430 ohms NOTE: If replacing the power steering gear assembly, clear the rotation angle sensor calibration value, initialize the rotation angle sensor value, and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ). Result RESULT CHART Result Proceed to OK A NG (for w/ VGRS) B NG (for w/o VGRS) C B: REPLACE POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (w/ VGRS) (See «REMOVAL» ) C: REPLACE POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (w/o VGRS) (See «REMOVAL» ) A: Go to next step
3. REPLACE POWER STEERING ECU Replace the power steering ECU (see «REMOVAL» ).
4. INITIALIZE ROTATION ANGLE SENSOR AND CALIBRATE TORQUE SENSOR ZERO POINT Initialize the rotation angle sensor value and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ).
5. RECONFIRM DTC Check for DTCs (see «DTC CHECK/CLEAR» ). Result RESULT CHART DTC Condition Proceed to DTC C1511, C1512, or C1513 is not output A DTC C1511, C1512, or C1513 is output (for w/VGRS) B DTC C1511, C1512, or C1513 is output (for w/o VGRS) C NOTE: If replacing the power steering gear assembly, clear the rotation angle sensor calibration value, initialize the rotation angle sensor value, and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ). B: REPLACE POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (w/ VGRS) (See «REMOVAL» ) C: REPLACE POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (w/o VGRS) (See «REMOVAL» ) A: END

These DTCs do not indicate a malfunction. The power steering ECU outputs these DTCs when it determines that rotation angle sensor value initialization and torque sensor zero point calibration have not been performed. When IG terminal voltage is 9 V or less, rotation angle sensor initialization and torque sensor zero point calibration cannot be performed.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

These DTCs do not indicate a malfunction. The power steering ECU outputs these DTCs when it determines that rotation angle sensor value initialization and torque sensor zero point calibration are incomplete.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

The power steering ECU supplies current to the power steering motor through this circuit.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

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1. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (POWER STEERING ECU - POWER STEERING MOTOR) Disconnect the C1 ECU connector. Disconnect the C3 motor connector. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C1-1 (V) - C3-1 (W) Always Below 1 ohms C1-2 (U) - C3-3 (U) Always Below 1 ohms C1-3 (W) - C3-2 (V) Always Below 1 ohms C1-1 (V) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher C1-2 (U) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher C1-3 (W) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR OK: Go to next step
2. INSPECT POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (POWER STEERING MOTOR) Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition 3 (U) - 2 (V) Always Below 1 ohms 2 (V) -1 (W) Always Below 1 ohms 1 (W) - 3 (U) Always Below 1 ohms 3 (U) - Motor body Always 10 kohms or higher 2 (V) - Motor body Always 10 kohms or higher 1 (W) - Motor body Always 10 kohms or higher NOTE: If replacing the power steering gear assembly, clear the rotation angle sensor value calibration value, initialize the rotation angle sensor value, and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ). If replacing the power steering ECU, initialize the rotation angle sensor value and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ). Result RESULT CHART Result Proceed to OK A NG (for w/VGRS) B NG (for w/o VGRS) C B: REPLACE POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (w/ VGRS) (See «REMOVAL» ) C: REPLACE POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (w/o VGRS) (See «REMOVAL» ) A: REPLACE POWER STEERING ECU (See «REMOVAL» )

The motor rotation angle sensor detects the motor rotation angle and sends this information to the power steering ECU.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

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1. CHECK POWER STEERING GROUND WIRE (POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY - BODY GROUND) Check the installation condition of the power steering ground wire connected to the power steering gear assembly. OK: The power steering ground wire is securely installed to the power steering gear assembly and body ground. NG: REINSTALL POWER STEERING GROUND WIRE OK: Go to next step
2. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (POWER STEERING ECU - MOTOR ROTATION ANGLE SENSOR) Disconnect the C4 sensor connector. Disconnect the C2 ECU connector. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C4-1 (RZSN) - C2-7 (RZSN) Always Below 1 ohms C4-2 (RZG) - C2-1 (RZG) Always Below 1 ohms C4-3 (RZV) - C2-3 (RZV) Always Below 1 ohms C4-4 (RZCS) - C2-8 (RZCS) Always Below 1 ohms C4-1 (RZSN) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher C4-2 (RZG) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher C4-3 (RZV) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher C4-4 (RZCS) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR OK: Go to next step
3. INSPECT POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (MOTOR ROTATION ANGLE SENSOR) Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition 1 (RZSN) - 2 (RZG) Always 50 to 140 ohms 3 (RZV) - 2 (RZG) Always 15 to 45 ohms 4 (RZCS) - 2 (RZG) Always 50 to 140 ohms NOTE: If replacing the power steering gear assembly, clear the rotation angle sensor calibration value, initialize the rotation angle sensor value, and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ). Result RESULT CHART Result Proceed to OK A NG (for w/ VGRS) B NG (for w/o VGRS) C B: REPLACE POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (w/VGRS) (See «REMOVAL» ) C: REPLACE POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (w/o VGRS) (See «REMOVAL» ) A: Go to next step
4. REPLACE POWER STEERING ECU Replace the power steering ECU (see «REMOVAL» ).
5. INITIALIZE ROTATION ANGLE SENSOR AND CALIBRATE TORQUE SENSOR ZERO POINT Initialize the rotation angle sensor value and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ).
6. RECONFIRM DTC Check for DTCs (see «DTC CHECK/CLEAR» ). Result RESULT CHART DTC Condition Proceed to DTC C1528 is not output A DTC C1528 is output (for w/ VGRS) B DTC C1528 is output (for w/o VGRS) C NOTE: If replacing the power steering gear assembly, clear the rotation angle sensor calibration value, initialize the rotation angle sensor value, and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ). B: REPLACE POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (w/ VGRS) (See «REMOVAL» ) C: REPLACE POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY (w/o VGRS) (See «REMOVAL» ) A: END

If the power steering ECU detects these DTCs, it will shut off the motor current sensor, power source relay, motor relay circuit (built into the power steering ECU) and stop power assistance. However, power assistance will continue if DTC C1533 or C1534 is output.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

The power steering ECU receives vehicle speed signals from the skid control ECU via CAN communication. The ECU provides appropriate assisting force in accordance with the vehicle speed, based on the signals.

If the ECU detects this DTC, it adjusts the amount of power assistance for a speed of 100 km/h (62 mph) and continues the system control.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

The power steering converter assembly boosts the PIG power supply battery voltage from 12 V to approximately 46 V. This voltage is then supplied to the power steering ECU to operate the motors. As a fail-safe function, when the PIG power supply and power steering converter assembly are malfunctioning, power assistance stops.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

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1. CHECK POWER STEERING ECU (PIG TERMINAL) Disconnect the A44 ECU connector. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard voltage TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition A44-4 (PIG) - Body ground Engine switch on (IG) 30 to 48 V NOTE: If replacing the power steering ECU, initialize the rotation angle sensor value and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ). OK: REPLACE POWER STEERING ECU (See «REMOVAL» ) NG: Go to next step
2. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CONVERTER - BATTERY AND ECU) Disconnect the A47 converter connector. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard voltage TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition A47-1 (PIG) - Body ground Always 11 to 14 V Disconnect the A44 ECU connector. Disconnect the A46 converter connector. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition A44-4 (PIG) - A46-4 (VOT1) Always Below 1 ohms A44-5 (PGND) - Body ground Always Below 1 ohms A44-4 (PIG) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR OK: Go to next step
3. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CONVERTER - BATTERY) Disconnect the A46 converter connector. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard voltage TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition A46-1 (IG) - Body ground Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR OK: REPLACE POWER STEERING CONVERTER ASSEMBLY (See «REMOVAL» )

The power steering ECU detects malfunctions in the power steering converter's IG power supply voltage based on the power steering converter's WDD communication signal (DC/DC condition notification signal). As a fail-safe function, when the IG power supply and power steering converter are malfunctioning, power assistance stops.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

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Based on the WDD signal (DC/DC condition notification signal) from the power steering converter, the power steering ECU processes and outputs signals. Based on the LDD signal (EPS demand signal) from the power steering ECU, the power steering converter processes and outputs signals. As a fail-safe function, when the system is malfunctioning, power assistance is limited.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

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1. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (POWER STEERING ECU - POWER STEERING CONVERTER ASSEMBLY) Disconnect the A44 ECU connector. Disconnect the A46 converter connector. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition A44-10 (LDD) - A46-8 (LDD) Always Below 1 ohms A44-7 (WDD1) - A46-2 (WDD1) Always Below 1 ohms A44-10 (LDD) or A46-8 (LDD) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher A44-7 (WDD1) or A46-2 (WDD1) - Body ground Always 10 kohms or higher NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR OK: Go to next step
2. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (POWER STEERING ECU - POWER STEERING CONVERTER ASSEMBLY) Disconnect the A46 converter connector. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard voltage TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition A46-1 (IG) - Body ground Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR OK: Go to next step
3. REPLACE POWER STEERING CONVERTER ASSEMBLY Replace the power steering converter assembly (see «REMOVAL» ).
4. CHECK DTC Check for DTCs (see «DTC CHECK/CLEAR» ). Result RESULT CHART DTC Condition Proceed to DTC is not output A DTC is output B NOTE: If replacing the power steering ECU, initialize the rotation angle sensor value and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ). B: REPLACE POWER STEERING ECU (See «REMOVAL» ) A: END

Based on the steering sensor's signal, the power steering ECU determines if the correct type of steering angle sensor is installed.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

As a fail-safe function, when the power steering converter assembly is malfunctioning, power assistance stops.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

As a fail-safe function, when the battery power supply voltage is malfunctioning, power assistance stops.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

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1. INSPECT FUSE (EPS ECU) Remove the EPS ECU fuse from the engine room No. 2 relay block. Measure the resistance of the fuse. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition EPS ECU fuse Always Below 1 ohms NG: REPLACE FUSE OK: Go to next step
2. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (POWER STEERING ECU - BATTERY) Disconnect the A44 ECU connector. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard voltage TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition A44-6 (+B) - Body ground Always 11 to 14 V Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition A44-5 (PGND) - Body ground Always Below 1 ohms NOTE: If replacing the power steering ECU, initialize the rotation angle sensor value and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ). NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR OK: REPLACE POWER STEERING ECU (See «REMOVAL» )

This DTC is output when one of the following occurs: 1) the power steering ECU selects assist map according to the vehicle specifications from the suspension control ECU, but the assist map is not written in the power steering ECU, or 2) the power steering ECU determines that the vehicle specifications and the assist map are inconsistent.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

The power steering ECU inputs and outputs driving support ECU, parking assist ECU, ECM, skid control ECU, and steering control ECU signals via CAN communication.

DTC DETECTION CONDITION CHART

HINT

1. When 2 or more DTCs starting with "U" are output simultaneously, inspect the connectors and wire harness of each ECU.
2. If the power steering ECU detects DTC U0129 only, it adjusts the amount of power assistance for a speed of 100 km/h (62 mph) and continues system control.

The power steering ECU is connected to the combination meter via CAN communication. If any of the following are detected, the PS warning light remains on.

1. The power steering ECU connectors are disconnected from the power steering ECU.
2. There is a malfunction in the power steering ECU internal circuit.
3. There is an open in the harness between the combination meter and power steering ECU.

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1. INSPECT FUSE (E/G RM-IG1-1) Remove the E/G RM-IG1-1 fuse from the engine room No. 2 relay block. Measure the resistance of the fuse. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition E/G RM-IG1-1 fuse Always Below 1 ohms NG: REPLACE FUSE OK: Go to next step
2. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR Start the engine. Check the indication condition of the PS warning light by wiggling the power steering ECU connector and wire harness up and down, and right and left. OK: PS warning light indication condition does not change. NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR OK: Go to next step
3. CHECK CAN COMMUNICATION SYSTEM Using the Techstream, check for DTCs and confirm that there are no problems in the CAN communication system (see «DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM»(/lexus/ls/iv-2006-2012/remont/communication-devices/#can-communication) ). Result RESULT CHART DTC Condition Proceed to DTC is not output A DTC is output B B: GO TO CAN COMMUNICATION SYSTEM (See «HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING»(/lexus/ls/iv-2006-2012/remont/communication-devices/#can-communication) ) A: Go to next step
4. CHECK BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEM Using the Techstream, check for DTCs and confirm that there are no problems in the brake control system. Result RESULT CHART DTC Condition Proceed to DTC is not output A DTC is output B B: GO TO BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEM (See «HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING»(/lexus/ls/iv-2006-2012/remont/anti-locktraction-control/#brake-control) ) A: Go to next step
5. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (POWER STEERING ECU - BODY GROUND) Disconnect the A44 ECU connector. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard voltage TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition A44-9 (IG) - Body ground Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below. Standard resistance TESTER CONNECTION SPECIFIED CONDITION CHART Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition A44-5 (PGND) - Body ground Always Below 1 ohms NG: REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR OK: Go to next step
6. REPLACE POWER STEERING ECU Replace the power steering ECU (see «REMOVAL» ). After replacing the power steering ECU, check the illumination condition of the combination meter's PS warning light. OK: Engine switch turned on (IG), illuminated --> engine started, turns off. NOTE: If replacing the power steering ECU, initialize the rotation angle sensor value and calibrate the torque sensor zero point (see «CALIBRATION» ). NG: REPLACE COMBINATION METER ASSEMBLY (See «REMOVAL» ) OK: END

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1. PLACE FRONT WHEELS FACING STRAIGHT AHEAD
2. REMOVE COWL TOP VENTILATOR LOUVER RH (See «REMOVAL» )
3. DISCONNECT CABLE FROM NEGATIVE BATTERY TERMINAL CAUTION: Wait at least 90 seconds after disconnecting the cable from the negative (-) battery terminal to disable the SRS system. NOTE: After the engine switch is turned off, the HDD navigation system requires approximately 6 minutes to record various types of memory and settings. As a result, after turning the engine switch off, wait 6 minutes or more before disconnecting the cable from the negative (-) battery terminal.
4. REMOVE FRONT WHEELS
5. REMOVE NO. 1 ENGINE UNDER COVER (for 2WD) (See «COOLANT»(/lexus/ls/iv-2006-2012/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#cooling) )
6. REMOVE NO. 2 ENGINE UNDER COVER (for 2WD) (See «REMOVAL» )
7. REMOVE NO. 1 ENGINE UNDER COVER (for AWD) (See «COOLANT»(/lexus/ls/iv-2006-2012/remont/cooling-system-mechanical/#cooling) )
8. REMOVE NO. 2 ENGINE UNDER COVER (for AWD) (See «REMOVAL» )
9. REMOVE NO. 2 FRONT STABILIZER BRACKET RH (for AWD) Disconnect the 2 clamps. Remove the bolt and bracket.
10. REMOVE FRONT SUSPENSION MEMBER PROTECTOR LOWER (for 2WD) (See «REMOVAL» )
11. REMOVE FRONT SUSPENSION MEMBER PROTECTOR LOWER (for AWD) (See «REMOVAL» )
12. REMOVE FRONT NO. 1 STABILIZER BRACKET LH (for AWD) (See «REMOVAL» )
13. REMOVE FRONT NO. 1 STABILIZER BRACKET RH (for AWD) (See «REMOVAL» )
14. REMOVE FRONT STABILIZER BAR (for AWD) (See «REMOVAL» )
15. REMOVE FRONT NO. 1 STABILIZER BAR BUSH (for AWD) (See «REMOVAL» )
16. REMOVE FRONT SUSPENSION MEMBER BRACKET SUB-ASSEMBLY LH (for AWD) Remove the 4 bolts and bracket.
17. REMOVE FRONT SUSPENSION MEMBER BRACKET SUB-ASSEMBLY RH (for AWD) Remove the 4 bolts and bracket.
18. DISCONNECT NO. 2 STEERING INTERMEDIATE SHAFT ASSEMBLY (for 2WD) (See «REMOVAL» )
19. DISCONNECT NO. 2 STEERING INTERMEDIATE SHAFT ASSEMBLY (for AWD) (See «REMOVAL» )
20. DISCONNECT TIE ROD ASSEMBLY LH Remove the cotter pin and nut. Install 2 spacers (SST spacer B) onto the tie rod assembly LH so that there is a space of approximately 1 mm (0.0397 in.) between the arm and spacers. SST 09960-20010 (09961-02060) NOTE: Make sure to install the spacers (SST spacer B) as the steering knuckle spacer may shift. As SST may become damaged, make sure the space between the arm and spacers is not 1 mm (0.0397 in.) or less. Using SST, disconnect the tie rod assembly from the steering knuckle. SST 09960-20010 (09961 -02010) NOTE: Do not damage the dust cover. As the dust cover may be damaged, adjust SST with the center nut so that the body and claw are parallel. Make sure to tie the string of SST to the vehicle to prevent SST from dropping.
21. DISCONNECT TIE ROD ASSEMBLY RH HINT: Use the same procedures described for the LH side.
22. REMOVE POWER STEERING LINK ASSEMBLY (for 2WD) Detach the 3 clips and disconnect the 5 connectors. HINT: Disconnect connector A as shown in the illustration. Remove the 4 bolts, 4 nuts, power steering link and rack housing bracket from the front frame.
23. REMOVE POWER STEERING LINK ASSEMBLY (for AWD) Detach the 2 clips, 3 clamps and disconnect the 5 connectors. HINT: Disconnect connector A as shown in the illustration. Remove the 2 bolts, 2 nuts, 2 washers and power steering link from the front frame.

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1. FIX POWER STEERING LINK ASSEMBLY Using SST, secure the power steering link assembly. SST 09612-00012 HINT: Tape the SST before use.
2. REMOVE TIE ROD ASSEMBLY LH (for 2WD) Put matchmarks on the tie rod assembly LH and the steering rack end sub-assembly. Loosen the lock nut, and remove the tie rod assembly LH and the lock nut.
3. REMOVE TIE ROD ASSEMBLY RH (for 2WD) HINT: Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.
4. REMOVE TIE ROD ASSEMBLY LH (for AWD) Put matchmarks on the tie rod assembly LH and the steering rack end sub-assembly. Loosen the lock nut, and remove the tie rod assembly LH and the lock nut.
5. REMOVE TIE ROD ASSEMBLY RH (for AWD) HINT: Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.
6. REMOVE STEERING RACK BOOT CLIP (for 2WD) Using pliers, remove the 2 steering rack boot clips.
7. REMOVE STEERING RACK BOOT CLIP (for AWD) Using pliers, remove the 2 steering rack boot clips.
8. REMOVE STEERING RACK BOOT NO. 1 CLAMP Using pliers and a screwdriver, remove the steering rack boot No. 1 clamp (LH side) as shown in the illustration. NOTE: Be careful not to damage the boot. Remove the RH side by using the same procedure as for the LH side.
9. REMOVE STEERING RACK BOOT NO. 1 Remove the 2 steering rack boot No. 1.
10. REMOVE STEERING RACK END SUB-ASSEMBLY Using a screwdriver and a hammer, unstake the RH and LH claw washers. NOTE: Avoid any impact to the steering rack. Using SST, remove the steering rack end sub-assembly (LH side) and the claw washer. SST 09922-10010 NOTE: Use SST 09922-10010 following the direction shown in the illustration. Using SST, remove the steering rack end sub-assembly (RH side) and the claw washer. SST 09922-10010 NOTE: Use SST 09922-10010 following the direction shown in the illustration. HINT: Using SST, hold the rack and remove the steering rack end sub-assembly.

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1. INSPECT TOTAL PRELOAD Temporarily install the left and right steering rack ends to prevent steering rack overstroke. Using SST and a torque wrench, inspect preload. SST 09616-00011 Preload (turning): 1.0 to 2.0 N*m (10.2 to 20.4 kgf*cm, 8.9 to 17.7 in.*lbf) If turning torque is not as specified, replace the power steering link assembly.
2. INSPECT TIE ROD ASSEMBLY LH Secure the tie rod assembly LH in a vise. Install the nut to the stud bolt. Flip the ball joint back and forth 5 times or more. Using a torque wrench, turn the nut continuously at a rate of 3 to 5 seconds per turn and take the torque reading on the 5th turn. Turning torque: 0.29 to 2.45 N*m (3.0 to 25 kgf*cm, 2.6 to 21.7 in.*lbf) If turning torque is not within the specified range, replace the tie rod assembly LH.
3. INSPECT TIE ROD ASSEMBLY RH HINT: Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

See also:
• AIRBAG SYSTEM
• DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM
• REMOVAL
• COOLANT