STEERING SYSTEM COMPONENT LAYOUT
Note. 2.7L TdV6 Left Hand Drive shown
Scheme 7
| Item | Part Number | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fluid cooler | |
| 2 | Reservoir | |
| 3 | Power steering pump | |
| 4 | Upper steering column assembly | |
| 5 | Steering column multifunction switches | |
| 6 | Steering wheel | |
| 7 | Column electric adjustment switch | |
| 8 | Air suspension control module | |
| 9 | Steering angle sensor | |
| 10 | Lower collapsable shaft | |
| 11 | Intermediate shaft | |
| 12 | Servotronic valve | |
| 13 | Track rod end | |
| 14 | Steering gear |
The steering system on all models comprises the following components
- Steering gear with Servotronic valve
- Servotronic software integrated into air suspension control module
- Power steering pump
- Reservoir
- Lower collapsable shaft
- Intermediate shaft
- Upper column assembly with electrical adjustment
- Steering column multifunction switches
- Steering column adjustment switch
- Steering wheel.
The steering system uses a ZF rack and pinion steering gear with a conventional end take-off and a pinion power assisted unit with the addition of ZF Servotronic 2 assistance. The steering gear is handed depending on vehicle drive hand but is common to all three engine variants.
Servotronic 2 adds electronic control and speed sensitive steering to the steering gear. The Servotronic 2 feature provides easy and comfortable steering operation when parking, improved 'road feel' at increased road speeds and adds an integrated, positive center feel feature which optimises steering wheel torque during high speed driving. The Servotronic 2 system is controlled by software which is incorporated into the air suspension control module. The software responds to steering torque inputs and road speed signals and controls the assistance via a transducer valve located on the steering gear valve.
The steering column features fully electrical adjustment for tilt and reach. On vehicles fitted with memory seats, the steering wheel position control is incorporated into the memory module.
Each steering system uses an engine mounted power steering pump which is driven by an auxiliary belt. The location and attachment of the pump differs between engine variants. A power steering fluid reservoir is mounted near to each pump and provides fluid supply to the pump via a suction hose.
The steering system incorporates a fluid cooler in the hydraulic pipe layout. The cooler is routed near to the front of the vehicle to benefit from the increased airflow when the vehicle is moving. The power steering fluid is cooled as it returns from the gear to the reservoir via the cooler by air flowing over the cooler.
The upper column components are common to all models and drive hands. A collapsable lower shaft is located on the gear pinion shaft by two flats. An intermediate shaft is located between the lower collapsable shaft and the upper column assembly.
The column assembly, which is attached to the vehicle cross-car beam, provides the location for the steering column reach and rake adjustment switch, the steering column multifunction switches, the steering wheel, the steering column lock and the ignition switch. The column assembly comprises a number of components which are designed to allow the column to collapse in a controlled manner in the event of a frontal impact (reducing occupant loads). The lower collapsible shaft is designed to telescope, and the intermediate shaft to de-couple, to prevent excessive frontal impact loads/displacements being transmitted to the steering column.
OVERVIEW
The steering is a variable power assist system, the degree of assistance being controlled by the dynamic suspension control module.
For information on the description and operation of the system, refer to STEERING SYSTEM .
INSPECTION AND VERIFICATION
- Verify the customer concern. If a road test is necessary make sure the vehicle is safe to do so.
- Visually inspect for obvious mechanical or electrical faults. VISUAL INSPECTION Mechanical Electrical Check the tires for correct pressure, size and tread pattern Check for wheel rim and tire damage Check road wheel security Check the power steering fluid level and the hydraulic circuit for oil leaks Check the power steering pump drive belt condition and tension Check the power steering pump for security, wear, damage and excessive noise Check the steering gear assembly for damage, wear and security Check the hydraulic pipes and cooler lines for damage and correct routing Check the steering joints for damage, excessive play, wear and security Check the steering column and joints for damage, excessive play, wear and security Check the electrical connections to the servotronic transducer valve (power steering control valve actuator) Steering angle sensor (SAS) and circuits Controller area networks (CAN) circuits
- If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible) before proceeding to the next step.
- Use the approved diagnostic system or a scan tool to retrieve any diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) before moving onto the Symptom Chart or DTC Index. Because the DTCs are stored in more than one module, a complete vehicle read is recommended Make sure that all DTCs are cleared following rectification
SYMPTOM CHART
| Symptom | Possible Causes | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Steering wanders | Excessive free play in the steering system Steering geometry incorrectly aligned | Check for excessive movement or play in the steering system with the engine running. Check for play at several different steering positions. Carry out steering geometry and alignment checks. Refer to the relevant information. |
| Steering pulls to the left or right | Steering geometry incorrectly aligned | Carry out steering geometry and alignment checks using a four wheel alignment system. Refer to SUSPENSION SYSTEM - GENERAL INFORMATION . Ensure that the tire direction of rotation is correct for the position on the vehicle (where directional tires are installed) |
| Steering feels notchy when turning from lock to lock. | Steering or suspension swivel joints seized Steering tie rod end joints or track rod inner joints seized Steering column or universal joints seized Steering gear internal components misaligned, worn or damaged | Disconnect the steering gear from the suspension. Check for freedom of movement in the suspension. Disconnect the steering column from the steering gear. Check the steering column and universal joints for freedom of movement. Check the steering gear for freedom of movement. Rectify as necessary |
| Steering feels tight and does not self-center | ||
| Power steering hydraulics noisy operation | Power steering fluid level low or contaminated Incorrect specification of power steering fluid Power steering fluid aerated power steering hoses twisted or restricted. | Check and top-up the power steering fluid level if required, using the correct specification of fluid. Refer to SUSPENSION SYSTEM - GENERAL INFORMATION . Check for contaminated fluid. Check for air ingress into the system. Check the power steering hoses for twisting or restrictions. Rectify as necessary |
| Power steering pump noisy | Power steering fluid level low or contaminated Pump internal components worn or damaged | Check and top-up the power steering fluid level if required. Refer to the relevant section of the workshop manual. Check for contaminated fluid. Check for excessive pump noise. Rectify as necessary |
| Power steering gear noisy | Power steering fluid level low or contaminated Steering gear internal components worn or damaged | Check and top-up the power steering fluid level if required. Refer to the relevant information. Check for contaminated fluid. Check for excessive steering gear noise. Rectify as necessary |
| Steering column noisy | Steering column fouling or universal joints dry | Check the steering column and universal joints. Rectify as necessary |
| Power steering feels heavier than normal through its operating range | Lack of power assistance Servotronic transducer valve or circuit fault | Check the power steering pump pressure. Check the steering column has no damage and rotates freely. Refer to the Network Communications information. Check for DTCs indicating a steering transducer fault |
| Power steering feels too light at speed | ||
| Power steering feels too heavy at standstill and low speed |
DTC INDEX
Note. Generic scan tools may not read the codes listed, or may read only 5-digit codes. Match the 5 digits from the scan tool to the first 5 digits of the 7-digit code listed to identify the fault (the last 2 digits give extra information read by the manufacturer-approved diagnostic system). Intermittent faults may cause DTCs to be logged, however some DTCs may be cleared during an ignition off, ignition on cycle. Carry out a road test (if safe to do so), check the functionality of the system and retrieve any DTCs before turning the ignition off.
| DTC | Description | Possible Causes | Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| B1C3173 | Steering Column Motor Relay | Software error (electric column not installed) Steering column motor relay fault (stuck on) | Where an electric column adjustment is not installed, no action necessary, clear/ignore DTC. Where an electric column adjustment is installed, refer to the electrical guides and check the column motor circuit for short or open circuit and check/renew the memory control module as necessary |
| B1C3193 | Steering Column Motor Relay | Software error (electric column not installed) Memory control module internal relay fault (inoperative) | Where an electric column adjustment is not installed, no action necessary, clear/ignore DTC. Where an electric column adjustment is installed, check/renew the control module as necessary |
| B1C3213 | Steering Column Tilt Solenoid | Software error (electric column not installed) Steering column motor tilt solenoid open load | Where an electric column adjustment is not installed, no action necessary, clear/ignore DTC. Where an electric column adjustment is installed, refer to the electrical guides and check the column tilt solenoid circuit for short or open circuit and check/renew the tilt solenoid as necessary |
| B1C3296 | Steering Column Tilt Solenoid | Software error (electric column not installed) Steering column motor tilt solenoid thermal overload | Where an electric column adjustment is not installed, no action necessary, clear/ignore DTC. Where an electric column adjustment is installed, refer to the electrical guides and check the column tilt solenoid circuit for short or open circuit. Check for other relevant DTCs and repair as necessary. Allow the solenoid to cool, clear the DTC and check the solenoid/tilt function operation. If the DTC persists renew the tilt solenoid as necessary |
| B1C333A | Steering Column Tilt Feedback Signal | Software error (electric column not installed) Steering column tilt motor moved beyond expected range Sensor circuit open or short circuit Motor position sensor fault | Where an electric column adjustment is not installed, no action necessary, clear/ignore DTC. Where an electric column adjustment is installed, refer to the electrical guides and check the column tilt solenoid feedback circuit for short or open circuit. Check the solenoid/tilt function operation and range of movement. Renew the tilt solenoid as necessary |
| B1C3413 | Steering Column Telescopic Solenoid | Software error (electric column not installed) Steering column motor telescopic solenoid open load | Where an electric column adjustment is not installed, no action necessary, clear/ignore DTC. Where an electric column adjustment is installed, refer to the electrical guides and check the column telescopic solenoid circuit for short or open circuit and check/renew the tilt solenoid as necessary |
| B1C3496 | Steering Column Telescopic Solenoid | Software error (electric column not installed) Steering column motor telescopic solenoid thermal overload | Where an electric column adjustment is not installed, no action necessary, clear/ignore DTC. Where an electric column adjustment is installed, refer to the electrical guides and check the column telescopic solenoid circuit for short or open circuit. Check for other relevant DTCs and repair as necessary. Allow the solenoid to cool, clear the DTC and check the solenoid/telescopic function operation. If the DTC persists renew the telescopic solenoid as necessary |
| B1C353A | Steering Column Telescopic Feedback Signal | Software error (electric column not installed) Steering column telescopic motor moved beyond expected range Sensor circuit open or short circuit Motor position sensor fault | Where an electric column adjustment is not installed, no action necessary, clear/ignore DTC. Where an electric column adjustment is installed, refer to the electrical guides and check the column telescopic solenoid feedback circuit for short or open circuit. Check the solenoid/telescopic function operation and range of movement. Renew the telescopic solenoid as necessary |
| B1C363A | Steering Column Tilt/Telescope Switch | Software error (electric column not installed) Steering column tilt/telescopic switch voltage beyond expected range Sensor circuit open or short circuit Switch fault | Where an electric column adjustment is not installed, no action necessary, clear/ignore DTC. Where an electric column adjustment is installed, refer to the electrical guides and check the column tilt/telescopic switch circuit for short or open circuit. Check the tilt/telescopic switch operation and renew the switch as necessary |
| C005104 | Steering Wheel Position Sensor | System internal failure Harness/connector issue | Check the steering angle sensor, connector and circuits. Refer to the electrical guides |
| C005162 | Steering Wheel Position Sensor | Signal compare failure Harness/connector issue | Check the steering angle sensor, connector and circuits. Refer to the electrical guides |
| C005164 | Steering Wheel Position Sensor | Signal plausibility failure Harness/connector issue | Check the steering angle sensor, connector and circuits. Refer to the electrical guides |
| C112201 | Steering Isolation Valve | Servotronic steering valve circuit high resistance Servotronic steering valve circuit short circuit to ground Servotronic steering valve fault | Refer to the guided diagnostic routine for this code on the approved diagnostic system |
| C11231C | Steering Isolation Valve Supply Circuit | Servotronic steering valve supply circuit high resistance Servotronic steering valve supply circuit short circuit to ground Servotronic steering valve supply circuit short circuit to power Servotronic steering valve fault | Refer to the guided diagnostic routine for this code on the approved diagnostic system |
| C1B1862 | Supply Voltage X-Ref Check | Inconsistent battery voltages received by air suspension control module Air suspension control module supply circuit short circuit to ground Air suspension control module supply circuit high resistance Air suspension control module failure | Refer to the guided diagnostic routine for this code on the approved diagnostic system. Refer to the warranty policy and procedures manual if a module is suspect |
| U007388 | Control Module Communication Bus 'A' Off | CAN bus off | Refer to the Network Communications information |
| U012287 | Lost Communication With Vehicle Dynamics Control Module | CAN module status signals not received from the VDM in the specified time | Check for ABS DTCs. Refer to the Network Communications information |
| U012687 | Lost Communication With Steering Angle Sensor Module | CAN bus fault Steering angle sensor module disconnected Steering angle sensor module not configured Steering angle sensor module failure Harness/connector issue | Check the control module installation/configuration. Refer to the Network Communications information |
| U030055 | Internal Control Module Software Incompatibility | Software incompatibility with ATCM Not configured | Configure the modules using the approved diagnostic system. Refer to the Network Communications information |
| U041686 | Invalid Data Received From Vehicle Dynamics Control Module | ABS fault | Check for dynamic suspension/ABS DTCs. Refer to the relevant information. |
| U1A1449 | CAN Initialization Failure | Internal electronic fault | Configure the steering angle sensor module using the approved diagnostic system. Refer to the Network Communications information. |
| U300262 | Vehicle Identification Number | Signal compare failure | Program the module using the approved diagnostic system |
Scheme 8
- Check the power steering fluid level.
- Remove the filler cap and fill to the MAX level mark. Install the reservoir filler cap.
- Start the engine and allow to run for 10 seconds, stop the engine. Check the power steering fluid, if aerated, wait until fluid is free from bubbles then top-up reservoir to UPPER level mark with recommended fluid.
- Start the engine and turn steering fully lock to lock, stop the engine. Check and top-up power steering fluid level.
- Start and run the engine for 2 minutes, turn the steering fully lock to lock. Check and top-up power steering fluid level.
POWER STEERING SYSTEM FLUSHING
Note. If heavy steering or contamination within the power steering system is found, it is necessary to carry out the SYSTEM FLUSH procedure as detailed below. If any components have been replaced in the power steering system the procedure below must be carried out in full.
Note. Some variation in the illustrations may occur, but the essential information is always correct.
Scheme 9
Scheme 10
Scheme 11
Scheme 12
Scheme 13
- Remove the power steering fluid reservoir cap.
- Using a suitable syringe, remove the power steering fluid from the power steering fluid reservoir.
- Detach the power steering fluid reservoir. Detach but do not remove the power steering fluid reservoir. Release the power steering fluid return hose from the power steering fluid reservoir. If a quick release coupling is fitted to the power steering return hose, release the power steering fluid return hose from the coupling by removing the clip.
- Using a suitable blanking cap, cap the power steering reservoir return pipe.
- Attach a suitable pipe to the power steering return hose to allow the fluid to drain.
- Install a suitable funnel onto the power steering fluid reservoir.
- Raise and support the vehicle with the wheels just clear of the ground.
- Using the suitable funnel, top up the power steering system with the specified fluid. Make sure the fluid level is maintained at two thirds full in the funnel.
- Flush the power steering system. Start the engine With assistance turn the steering slowly lock to lock 3 times at approximately 1 revolution every 5 seconds. Continue to flush the power steering system until 4 litres of power steering fluid has been added to the power steering reservoir. This should take approximately 30 seconds.
- Remove the suitable funnel.
- Remove the suitable pipe to the power steering return hose.
- If a quick release coupling is fitted to the power steering return hose, connect the power steering fluid return hose to the coupling by installing the clip.
- Install a new power steering fluid reservoir. For additional information, refer to: «POWER STEERING FLUID RESERVOIR»(/land-rover/range-rover-sport/i-2005-2009/remont/schedule/#maintenance-schedules) .