Starting System - Delco-Remy GMC Typhoon I

DESCRIPTION

For identification, starter part numbers are stamped on the outside of the frame or on an identification label attached to the frame.

Six types of starters are used: SD-200/210/250/260/300 and 28MT series. The first series is designated SD (Straight Drive) because the pinion is driven directly by the armature shaft. Wound field coils energize pole pieces that are arranged around the armature. These are used on gasoline engines.

The 28MT starter has a pinion that is driven by a gear reduction system. This starter is used on diesel engines. The 28MT starter should not be dissembled for any reason and is serviceable only by complete replacement.

TROUBLE SHOOTING

Note. See TROUBLE SHOOTING - BASIC PROCEDURES article in the GENERAL TROUBLE SHOOTING section.

BENCH TESTING

SOLENOID WINDING TESTS

Note. Tests are performed with all leads disconnected from solenoid. Complete tests as quick as possible to prevent solenoid from overheating.

Note. "S", "M" & BAT terminals are identified on solenoid. Terminal location may vary with different solenoids.

Hold-In Windings

1. Connect an ammeter, voltmeter, carbon pile and battery into starter circuit. (Scheme 1) Using carbon pile, decrease battery voltage to 10 volts.
2. Refer to «SOLENOID HOLD-IN WINDING SPECIFICATIONS»(/gmc/typhoon/i-1991-1993/remont/starter/#starting-system-delco-remy) for correct amperage reading. A higher reading indicates windings are shorted or grounded; a lower reading indicates excessive resistance.

Scheme 1

Pull-In Windings

Using the solenoid test connections as shown in the illustration, decrease battery voltage to 5 volts (10 volts on Lumina APV, Silhouette and Trans Sport). (Scheme 2) Also, refer to the SOLENOID PULL-IN WINDING SPECIFICATIONS for correct amperage draw. A higher reading indicates windings are shorted or grounded; a lower reading indicates excessive resistance.

Note. To prevent overheating of pull-in windings, DO NOT energize for more than 15 seconds. Current draw will decrease as winding temperature increases.

Scheme 2

Circuit

1. Connect a tachometer, ammeter and voltmeter into starter circuit. (Scheme 3) Using carbon pile, adjust voltage to 10 volts and engage starter motor.
2. Read amperage draw and armature speed to ensure they are within specification. See «STARTER NO-LOAD SPECIFICATIONS»(/gmc/typhoon/i-1991-1993/remont/starter/#starting-system-delco-remy). If exact voltage cannot be obtained and voltage is slightly higher than specification, RPM should also be slightly higher. Alternatively, carbon pile may be adjusted to reduce voltage.
3. Low free speed (no load) and high current draw indicates too much friction, shorted armature, or grounded armature or fields. Failure to operate with high current draw indicates a direct ground in terminal or fields, or frozen bearings.
4. Failure to operate with no current draw indicates an open field, open armature coils, broken brush springs, worn brushes, or high commutator insulation.
5. If free speed (no load) is low and low current draw exists, suspect high internal resistance due to poor connection, defective leads or dirty commutator. A high free speed and high current draw usually indicates shorted fields.

Scheme 3

ARMATURE

1. Test armature for shorted coils using a growler. Hold a flat steel strip on armature parallel to armature core or shaft. Rotate armature in growler. Steel strip will vibrate on area of short circuit.
2. Check for grounded coils using a self-powered test light. Place one test lead on armature core or shaft, and other test lead on commutator. Light should not glow. If light glows, armature is grounded and must be replaced.

FIELD COILS (ENCLOSED HOUSING)

1. Disconnect field coil ground connections. Using self-powered test light, place one test lead on field coil frame and connect other test lead to field coil connector. If light glows, one or more coils are grounded and must be repaired or replaced.
2. Check for opens by placing test light across coil ends. Light should glow. If light does not glow, coils are open.
3. On SD-200 and SD-260 starters, coils cannot be replaced separately. Frame and fields must be replaced as a unit. On SD-300, a pole shoe spreader and pole shoe screwdriver should be used to replace a defective field coil. Assemble pole shoe with long lip (if equipped) facing direction of armature rotation.

BRUSHES, SPRINGS & HOLDERS

Replace brushes if worn to 1/2 original length, oil-soaked or pitted. Check brush spring tension and replace springs if weak or distorted.

Note. Entire frame and field assembly must be replaced for SD-210 and SD-260. Brushes and brush holders are integral parts of assembly.

DRIVE & PINION

Pinion should turn freely in overrun direction and should not slip in drive direction. Check spring for correct tension and drive collar for wear. These parts can be removed for replacement by forcing collar toward clutch and removing lock ring from end of tube. Replace drive assembly if pinion teeth are worn, chipped or cracked.

PINION CLEARANCE

1. Disconnect motor field coil connector from solenoid "M" terminal, and insulate it carefully. Connect a battery from solenoid "S" terminal to solenoid frame. Momentarily flash a jumper lead from "M" terminal to solenoid frame.
2. This shifts pinion into cranking position. Push pinion back toward commutator end to eliminate slack. Distance between pinion and pinion stop should be.010-.160" (.25-4.06 mm). (Scheme 4) Clearance is not adjustable. If clearance is not within specification, check for worn parts.

Scheme 4

REMOVAL & INSTALLATION

STARTER

Note. If shims are installed between starter and engine, note and record arrangement for installation reference.

Jimmy, Sonoma, Syclone, Typhoon & "T" Series Blazer & Pickup

1. Disconnect negative battery cable. Raise and support vehicle. Disconnect electrical wiring from starter solenoid. Remove mounting bracket and wiring from brush end of starter. Remove skid plate (if equipped). Remove 2 brake line-to-crossmember brackets.
2. Remove 6 crossmember bolts and remove crossmember. Remove transmission cooler line-to-flywheel housing bracket. Remove brace rod to flywheel housing. Remove lower flywheel housing cover (if necessary).
3. Remove starter bolts. Note location and number of shims for reassembly. Remove starter. To install, reverse removal procedure. Tighten bolts and nuts to specifications. See «TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS»(/gmc/typhoon/i-1991-1993/remont/starter/#starting-system-delco-remy) .

Lumina APV, Silhouette & Trans Sport - 3.1L

1. Disconnect negative battery cable. Raise and support vehicle. Remove bolt and nut from A/C compressor bracket, and remove bracket. Disconnect wiring from retainer, and position aside. Remove wiring cover from starter. Disconnect starter solenoid wiring.
2. Disconnect electrical wiring from oil pressure gauge sensor. Using Oil Pressure Sensor Socket (J-35748), remove oil pressure gauge sensor. Remove starter mounting bolt. Note location and number of shims for reassembly. Remove starter. To install, reverse removal procedure. Tighten bolts and nuts to specifications. See «TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS»(/gmc/typhoon/i-1991-1993/remont/starter/#starting-system-delco-remy) at end of article.

Lumina APV, Silhouette & Trans Sport - 3.8L

1. Disconnect negative battery cable. Raise and support vehicle. Disconnect wiring from retainer and position aside. Remove wiring cover from starter. Disconnect starter solenoid wiring.
2. Remove plastic flywheel cover. Remove starter mounting bolts. Remove starter. To install, reverse removal procedure. Tighten bolts and nuts to specifications. See «TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS»(/gmc/typhoon/i-1991-1993/remont/starter/#starting-system-delco-remy) .

All Other Models

1. Disconnect negative battery cable. Raise and support vehicle. Remove starter brackets and shields (if equipped). Remove brush end mounting bracket (if equipped). Disconnect electrical wiring from starter solenoid.
2. Remove starter mounting bolts. Remove shims and note arrangement for reassembly. Remove starter. To install, reverse removal procedure. Ensure shims are installed in original location. Tighten bolts and nuts to specifications. See «TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS»(/gmc/typhoon/i-1991-1993/remont/starter/#starting-system-delco-remy) .

DISASSEMBLY & REASSEMBLY

Overhaul information is not available. Refer to the figures for disassembly and reassembly reference. (Scheme 6)- (Scheme 7).

Scheme 5

Scheme 6

Scheme 7

CLEANING

Clean all parts using a clean cloth. DO NOT clean armature, field coils, or drive assembly in any grease-dissolving solvents or damage to insulation and (starter) drive assembly will occur.

STARTER SPECIFICATIONS

SOLENOID HOLD-IN WINDING SPECIFICATIONS

SOLENOID PULL-IN WINDING SPECIFICATIONS

STARTER NO-LOAD SPECIFICATIONS

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS

See also:
• TROUBLE SHOOTING - BASIC PROCEDURES
• COMPUTER RELEARN PROCEDURES
• SOLENOID HOLD-IN WINDING SPECIFICATIONS