Engine Control System - 4.2L - Troubleshooting: Diagnosis GMC Envoy II

Circuit Description

Ignition voltage is supplied to the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL). The powertrain control module (PCM) turns the MIL ON by grounding the MIL control circuit. There should be a steady MIL with the ignition ON and the engine OFF.

Ignition voltage is supplied to the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL). The powertrain control module (PCM) turns the MIL ON by grounding the MIL control circuit.

Diagnostic Aids

If the problem is intermittent, refer to Intermittent Conditions .

The control module enables the fuel pump relay when the ignition switch is turned ON. The control module will disable the fuel pump relay within two seconds unless the control module detects ignition reference pulses. The control module continues to enable the fuel pump relay as long as ignition reference pulses are detected. The control module disables the fuel pump relay within 2 seconds if ignition reference pulses cease to be detected and the ignition remains ON.

Fuel Pump Electrical Circuit Diagnosis

The control module enables the appropriate fuel injector pulse for each cylinder. Ignition voltage is supplied directly to the fuel injectors. The control module controls each fuel injector by grounding the control circuit via a solid state device called a driver. A fuel injector coil winding resistance that is too high or too low will affect engine driveability. A fuel injector control circuit DTC may not set, but a misfire may be apparent. The fuel injector coil windings are affected by temperature. The resistance of the fuel injector coil windings will increase as the temperature of the fuel injector increases.

1. Monitoring the misfire current counters, or misfire graph, may help to isolate the fuel injector that is causing the condition.
2. Operating the vehicle over a wide temperature range may help isolate the fuel injector that is causing the condition.
3. Perform the fuel injector coil test within the conditions of the customer's concern. A fuel injector condition may only be apparent at a certain temperature, or under certain conditions.

Fuel Injector Coil Test

The control module enables the appropriate fuel injector pulse for each cylinder. Ignition voltage is supplied to the fuel injectors. The control module controls each fuel injector by grounding the control circuit via a solid state device called a driver.

1. A short to battery voltage or ignition 1 voltage on the MAP sensor signal circuit will disable the injector control circuits.
2. Monitoring the fuel injector circuit status with a scan tool, while moving the fuel injector harness, may help isolate an intermittent condition.
3. Performing the Fuel Injector Coil Test may help isolate an intermittent condition. Refer to «Fuel Injector Coil Test»(ref-200402-S38130112422005102000000) .
4. For an intermittent condition, refer to «Intermittent Conditions»(ref-200402-S18543456152005102000000) .

Fuel Injector Circuit Diagnosis

1. Operate the vehicle under the condition of the customer concern. Under high temperature conditions fuel vapors may increase to the point of EVAP canister vapor saturation. Fuel vapors would then be released into the atmosphere. Once the engine is running and the EVAP purge is enabled, all fuel vapor release would be eliminated.
2. Movement of the EVAP pipes or the fuel pipes may help find an intermittent condition.
3. If the fuel level is low, a liquid fuel leak may not be evident.

Test Procedure

1. Test the fuel composition using J 44175 Fuel Composition Tester and J 44175-3 Instruction Manual. See «Special Tools»(ref-200372-S36410128202005102000000) .
2. If water appears in the fuel sample, clean the fuel system. Refer to «Fuel System Cleaning»(ref-200372-S10378313272005102000000) .
3. Subtract 50 from the reading on the DMM in order to obtain the percentage of alcohol in the fuel sample. Refer to the examples in the Fuel Composition Test Examples table.
4. If the fuel sample contains more than 15 percent ethanol, add fresh, regular gasoline to the vehicle's fuel tank.
5. Test the fuel composition.
6. If testing shows the ethanol percentage is still more than 15 percent, replace the fuel in the vehicle. Refer to «Fuel System Cleaning»(ref-200372-S10378313272005102000000) .

Fuel Composition Test Examples

Alcohol in Fuel Testing Procedure

The fuel sample should be drawn from the bottom of the tank so that any water present in the tank will be detected. The sample should be bright and clear. If alcohol contamination is suspected then use the following procedure to test the fuel quality.

1. Using a 100 ml (3.38 oz) specified cylinder with 1 ml (0.034 oz) graduation marks, fill the cylinder with fuel to the 90 ml (3.04 oz) mark.
2. Add 10 ml (0.34 oz) of water in order to bring the total fluid volume to 100 ml (3.38 oz) and install a stopper.
3. Shake the cylinder vigorously for 10-15 seconds.
4. Carefully loosen the stopper in order to release the pressure.
5. Re-install the stopper and shake the cylinder vigorously again for 10-15 seconds.
6. Put the cylinder on a level surface for approximately 5 minutes in order to allow adequate liquid separation.

If alcohol is present in the fuel, the volume of the lower layer, which would now contain both alcohol and water, will be more than 10 ml (0.34 oz). For example, if the volume of the lower layer is increased to 15 ml (0.51 oz), this indicates at least 5 percent alcohol in the fuel. The actual amount of alcohol may be somewhat more because this procedure does not extract all of the alcohol from the fuel.

Particulate Contaminants in Fuel Testing Procedure

The fuel sample should be drawn from the bottom of the tank so that any water present in the tank will be detected. The sample should be bright and clear. If the sample appears cloudy, or contaminated with water, as indicated by a water layer at the bottom of the sample, use the following procedure to diagnose the fuel.

1. Using an approved fuel container, draw approximately 0.5 liter (0.53 qt) of fuel.
2. Place the container on a level surface for approximately 5 minutes in order to allow settling of the particulate contamination. Particulate contamination will show up in various shapes and colors. Sand will typically be identified by a white or light brown crystals. Rubber will appear as black and irregular particles.
3. Observe the fuel sample. If any physical contaminants or water are present, clean the fuel system. Refer to «Fuel System Cleaning»(ref-200372-S10378313272005102000000) .

The electronic ignition system uses an individual ignition coil for each cylinder. The powertrain control module (PCM) controls the ignition operation through 6 ignition control (IC) circuits. Each ignition coil is connected to the PCM, power, or ground by the following circuits

1. The ground
2. The ignition 1 voltage
3. The appropriate IC control circuit

The PCM triggers an ignition coil by grounding the appropriate IC control circuit using information from the crankshaft position (CKP) and camshaft position (CMP) sensors.

1. The CKP signal is not needed to start and run.
2. Many situations may lead to an intermittent condition. Perform each inspection or test as directed.
3. Inspect the PCM and the engine grounds for clean and secure connections. Refer to «Wiring Repairs»(ref-200357-S37218532022005102000000) in Wiring Systems.
4. For intermittent conditions, refer to «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(ref-200357-S26815118262005102000000) in Wiring Systems.

The I/M System Status display provides an indication of when the control module has completed the required tests. This does not necessarily mean that the test has passed, only that a decision was made. If the diagnostic fails, a DTC will indicate the failure. If a failure indication is present for a DTC associated with one of the I/M regulated systems, the failure indication may prevent other required tests from running. For example, a DTC for the control circuit of the relay controlling an AIR pump may not be listed in the Inspection/Maintenance System DTC Table because this is a continuous test. If this DTC is set, the Active Tests for the AIR system may not run.

The I/M System Status information may be useful for a technician to determine if diagnostics have run when verifying repairs.

Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) System Check

Conditions for Running

Cold Start

1. The barometric pressure (BARO) is more than 74 kPa.
2. The engine coolant temperature (ECT) is below 30°C (86°F).
3. The intake air temperature (IAT) is below 30°C (86°F).
4. The difference between the IAT and the ECT is 8°C (14°F) or less.
5. The battery voltage is between 9-18 volts.
6. The fuel level is between 1/4 and 3/4.

Rough road conditions may prevent some of the tests from running. Extreme high or low ambient temperatures may prevent tests such as heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) heater and evaporative emission (EVAP) system from initiating. If a step is interrupted before completion, perform the remaining portion of the set procedures. Any portion of the set procedure that requires the engine at operating temperature may be repeated. This allows most of the diagnostics to run and the remaining tests can be performed using the individual System Set Procedures.

If the vehicle has recently run, start this procedure at step 3. This will allow the tests that require the engine at operating temperature to run. Using this method allows shorter cool down periods if the tests requiring a cold start do not initiate.

The scan tool can be used to monitor each of the I/M System Status indicators during the I/M Complete System Set Procedure. When all of the indicators for a test step have updated to YES, testing can move on to the next step even if the remaining portion of the test is not complete. For example, step 3 is designed to run the EVAP, secondary air injection (AIR), and HO2S tests. The procedure instructs the technician to operate the vehicle in the enable conditions for 6 minutes. If all 3 tests have updated to YES within 4 minutes, it is not necessary to continue with the enable conditions and testing can advance to the next step.

Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) Complete System Set Procedure

Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) System DTC Table

Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) System DTC Table

Passive Test

1. The engine coolant temperature (ECT) is between 70-110°C (158-230°F).
2. The intake air temperature (IAT) is between 2-100°C (36-212°F).
3. The battery voltage is more than 11.7 volts.
4. The Active Test, if required, begins after the engine goes into Closed Loop fuel control.

Active Test

1. The ECT is between 70-110°C (158-230°F).
2. The IAT is more than 2°C (36°F).
3. The engine is operating in Closed Loop fuel control.
4. The battery voltage is more than 11.7 volts.

The AIR pump generally operates once per ignition cycle, usually upon initial start up before the engine goes into Closed Loop fuel control. Some systems will perform a Passive Diagnostic Test at this time. The Active Diagnostic Test is performed after the engine goes into Closed Loop fuel control. On vehicles that perform a Passive Test, the Active Test will only run if the Passive Test fails or is indeterminate. The Active Test may not run if the Passive Test passes.

If the diagnostic test does not run, observe the fuel trim correction. If the fuel trim correction is more than plus or minus 4 percent, the AIR System Test may not run. If the status does not update, the test outlined in this procedure can be repeated until the I/M System Status updates to YES.

The I/M System Status does not indicate whether the test has passed or failed, only that a decision was made. When all of the diagnostics for a specific system have run and passed, the I/M System Status will update to YES. If a test for a specific system has failed, the I/M System Status will update to YES, indicating a determination was made, even if all of the required tests have not run. When a failure occurs, the Emission Related DTC portion of the I/M System Status display will indicate the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) is requested. The I/M System Status also registers the number of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

The first failure of a type B DTC does not constitute a final determination of pass or fail, and will not update the I/M System Status to YES. A second trip is required, and all the conditions to run must be met in order for the test to run again. These conditions may include a partial to complete engine cool down.

The I/M System Status will update only when an emission related DTC fails the second time, or when all of the tests pass.

If there is an impending failure, the system may require more time to run the diagnostic than was allotted in the set procedure. If the test does not run after numerous attempts and no DTC is set, review the appropriate scan tool data list and the service information for an indication of why the test does not complete. Some tests may abort due to changes in the conditions while the test is running. For example, changes in engine load, such as a cooling fan or an A/C compressor clutch turning ON, may cause the test to abort.

If a diagnostic test is difficult to run, maintain necessary enable conditions until the system status updates to YES.

Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) AIR System Set Procedure

1. The barometric pressure (BARO) is more than 74 kPa.
2. The engine coolant is at operating temperature, 71-120°C (160-248°F).
3. The intake air temperature (IAT) is between -15 to +75°C (+5 to +167°F).
4. The engine is in Closed Loop fuel control.
5. The engine has run for 6-8 minutes off idle in order to initiate test.
6. The battery voltage is between 11-18 volts.

The control module runs a maximum of 6 tests per trip until the Catalyst System Status updates to YES. If the status does not update, the test outlined in this procedure can be repeated until the I/M System Status updates to YES.

The I/M System Status does not indicate whether the test has passed or failed, only that a decision was made. When all of the diagnostics for a specific system have run and passed, the I/M System Status will update to YES. If a test for a specific system has failed, the I/M System Status will update to YES, indicating a determination was made, even if all of the required tests have not run. When a failure occurs, the Emission Related DTC portion of the I/M System Status display will indicate the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) is requested. The I/M System Status also registers the number of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

The first failure of a type B DTC does not constitute a final determination of pass or fail, and will not update the I/M System Status to YES. A second trip is required, and all the conditions to run must be met in order for the test to run again. These conditions may include a partial to complete engine cool down.

The I/M System Status will update only when an emission related DTC fails the second time, or when all of the tests pass.

If there is an impending failure, the system may require more time to run the diagnostic than was allotted in the set procedure. If the test does not run after numerous attempts and no DTC is set, review the appropriate scan tool data list and the service information for an indication of why the test does not complete. Some tests may abort due to changes in the conditions while the test is running. For example, changes in engine load, such as a cooling fan or an A/C compressor clutch turning ON, may cause the test to abort.

If a diagnostic test is difficult to run, maintain necessary enable conditions until the system status updates to YES.

Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) Catalyst System Set Procedure

Non Scan Tool Service Bay Test Equipped Vehicles

1. The barometric pressure (BARO) is more than 74 kPa.
2. The fuel level is between 1/4 and 3/4.
3. The battery voltage is between 11-18 volts.
4. The test will initiate only after a cold start. The control module considers the engine to be cold if the following conditions are met: The engine coolant temperature (ECT) is between 3.75-30°C (39-86°F). The intake air temperature (IAT) is between 3.75-30°C (39-86°F). The difference between the ECT and the IAT is less than 8°C (14°F).

Scan Tool Service Bay Test Equipped Vehicles

1. The BARO is more than 74 kPa.
2. The ECT is less than 80°C (176°F).
3. The fuel level is between 1/4 and 3/4.
4. The battery voltage is between 11-18 volts.

Extreme high or low ambient temperatures may prevent the EVAP System Tests from initiating. Performing a visual inspection prior to running the EVAP Service Bay Test may prevent having to repeat the test. A loose fuel cap may cause a Service Bay Test to abort or fail and prevent the I/M System Status from updating. A failed or aborted test will require the vehicle to cool down in order to meet the enable criteria to run another test.

The I/M System Status does not indicate whether the test has passed or failed, only that a decision was made. When all of the diagnostics for a specific system have run and passed, the I/M System Status will update to YES. If a test for a specific system has failed, the I/M System Status will update to YES, indicating a determination was made, even if all of the required tests have not run. When a failure occurs, the Emission Related DTC portion of the I/M System Status display will indicate the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) is requested. The I/M System Status also registers the number of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

The first failure of a type B DTC does not constitute a final determination of pass or fail, and will not update the I/M System Status to YES. A second trip is required, and all the conditions to run must be met in order for the test to run again. These conditions may include a partial to complete engine cool down.

The I/M System Status will update only when an emission related DTC fails the second time, or when all of the tests pass.

If there is an impending failure, the system may require more time to run the diagnostic than was allotted in the set procedure. If the test does not run after numerous attempts and no DTC is set, review the appropriate scan tool data list and the service information for an indication of why the test does not complete. Some tests may abort due to changes in the conditions while the test is running. For example, changes in engine load, such as a cooling fan or an A/C compressor clutch turning ON, may cause the test to abort.

If a diagnostic test is difficult to run, maintain necessary enable conditions until the system status updates to YES.

Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) Evaporative Emission (EVAP) System Set Procedure

1. The engine coolant temperature (ECT) is more than 57°C (135°F).
2. The engine is running in Closed Loop fuel control.
3. The engine has been running for more than 160 seconds.
4. The battery voltage is between 9-18 volts.

If the status does not update, the test outlined in this procedure can be repeated until the I/M System Status updates to YES.

The I/M System Status does not indicate whether the test has passed or failed, only that a decision was made. When all of the diagnostics for a specific system have run and passed, the I/M System Status will update to YES. If a test for a specific system has failed, the I/M System Status will update to YES, indicating a determination was made, even if all of the required tests have not run. When a failure occurs, the Emission Related DTC portion of the I/M System Status display will indicate the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) is requested. The I/M System Status also registers the number of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

The first failure of a type B DTC does not constitute a final determination of pass or fail, and will not update the I/M System Status to YES. A second trip is required, and all the conditions to run must be met in order for the test to run again. These conditions may include a partial to complete engine cool down.

The I/M System Status will update only when an emission related DTC fails the second time, or when all of the tests pass.

If there is an impending failure, the system may require more time to run the diagnostic than was allotted in the set procedure. If the test does not run after numerous attempts and no DTC is set, review the appropriate scan tool data list and the service information for an indication of why the test does not complete. Some tests may abort due to changes in the conditions while the test is running. For example, changes in engine load, such as a cooling fan or an A/C compressor clutch turning ON, may cause the test to abort.

If a diagnostic test is difficult to run, maintain necessary enable conditions until the system status updates to YES.

Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) Heated Oxygen Sensor/Oxygen Sensor (HO2S/O2S) System Set Procedure

1. The start-up engine coolant temperature (ECT) is less than 50°C (122°F).
2. The start-up intake air temperature (IAT) is less than 50°C (122°F).
3. The difference between the IAT and the ECT is less than 8°C (14°F).
4. The battery voltage is between 11-18 volts.

The HO2S Heater Tests will normally run within the 2 minutes allotted in the procedure. If there is an indeterminate condition, the test may take up to 8 minutes on some vehicles before a decision of pass or fail is made. If the test does not update within the allotted period of time, continue operation within the enable conditions until the test updates to YES. If the test does not update to YES, it may have failed or aborted due to the loss of enabling conditions. Extremely high ambient temperatures may prevent the HO2S Heater Test from initiating.

The I/M System Status does not indicate whether the test has passed or failed, only that a decision was made. When all of the diagnostics for a specific system have run and passed, the I/M System Status will update to YES. If a test for a specific system has failed, the I/M System Status will update to YES, indicating a determination was made, even if all of the required tests have not run. When a failure occurs, the Emission Related DTC portion of the I/M System Status display will indicate the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) is requested. The I/M System Status also registers the number of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

The first failure of a type B DTC does not constitute a final determination of pass or fail, and will not update the I/M System Status to YES. A second trip is required, and all the conditions to run must be met in order for the test to run again. These conditions may include a partial to complete engine cool down.

The I/M System Status will update only when an emission related DTC fails the second time, or when all of the tests pass.

If there is an impending failure, the system may require more time to run the diagnostic than was allotted in the set procedure. If the test does not run after numerous attempts and no DTC is set, review the appropriate scan tool data list and the service information for an indication of why the test does not complete. Some tests may abort due to changes in the conditions while the test is running. For example, changes in engine load, such as a cooling fan or an A/C compressor clutch turning ON, may cause the test to abort.

If a diagnostic test is difficult to run, maintain necessary enable conditions until the system status updates to YES.

Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) Heater System Set Procedure