Scheme 1
Scheme 2
Scheme 3
Scheme 4
Circuit/System Description
The body control module (BCM) supplies B+ to the rearview camera when the transmission is placed into reverse.
The B218L Side Object Sensor Module - Left or B218R Side Object Sensor Module - Right can set this code if the module determines there is a fault due to the reason listed in the symptom byte.
The side blind zone alert system sensors are located behind the rear fascia and detect and report objects on either side of the vehicle, within a specified blind zone. The system alerts with a visual indicator placed on each side rear view mirror, to the presence of objects that may not be visible in the inside rearview mirror and outside rearview mirrors. When the system detects a vehicle in the side blind zone while driving forward, independent if passing a vehicle or being passed, the Left or Right Side Object Sensor will send a signal via serial data to the appropriate Door Lock/Window Switch. The Door Lock/Window switch supplies power and ground to the outside rearview mirror. When commanded via serial data, the Door Lock/window switch will provide voltage to the outside rear view mirror. The amber warning symbol will light up in the appropriate outside mirror. This indicates that it may be unsafe to change lanes. If the driver then activates the turn signal, the amber warning symbol starts flashing as an extra warning not to change lanes.
Side blind zone alert is active from speeds of 10 km/h (6.2 MPH) up to 140 km/h (87 MPH). Driving faster deactivates the system, indicated by low lighting warning symbols in the mirrors. Driving under this speed again will turn off the warning symbols. If then a vehicle is detected in blind zone, the warning symbols will illuminate normally on the appropriate side. When the vehicle is started, both outside mirror displays will briefly come on to indicate that the system is operating.
The object alarm sensors are 3-wire sensors that are used to determine the distance between the vehicle and an object of interest. The object alarm module supplies 8 V to the object alarm sensors via the 8 V reference circuit and provides ground via the low reference circuit. The object alarm module triggers the sensors in a sequential loop. After each sensor transmits, the object alarm module uses the sensor echo received through the signal circuit to calculate the distance and position of an object.
The lane departure warning system is enabled and disabled through the lane departure switch. When enabled, the lane departure warning switch indicator will illuminate. The switch and indicator are connected to the frontview camera module. The frontview camera module supplies a reference voltage to the lane departure switch. When the switch is pressed, the signal circuit is grounded. When enabled, the frontview camera module will illuminate the indicator located in the switch when lane departure warning system is enabled.
When the system is operating and can detect the lane markings, the front view camera module will request via serial data communications that the instrument cluster illuminates the green lane departure ready-to-assist indicator. If the front view camera module detects that the vehicle unintentionally crosses a lane marking without the turn signal being used, the module will request the vehicle direction display to flash the amber lane departure warning indicator. An audible warning will also alert three times when the amber lane departure warning indicator in the vehicle direction display is flashing.
The front view camera module permanently monitors the serial data bus for error messages. When a malfunction is detected by the front view camera module, the system will be disabled and an error message will be stored in the front view camera module disable history buffer which is used to store information about the front camera features that are disabled.
When the ignition is turned ON, the object alarm module receives the vehicle identification number (VIN) from the body control module (BCM). The object alarm module will compare the VIN received to the VIN stored in memory.
The object sensors are 3-wire sensors that are used to determine the distance between the vehicle and an object of interest. The parking assist control module supplies 8 V to the object sensors via the 8 V reference circuit and provides ground via the low reference circuit. The parking assist control module triggers the sensors in a sequential loop. After each sensor transmits, the parking assist control module uses the sensor echo received through the signal circuit to calculate the distance and position of an object.
The Vehicle Direction Warning Switch DTC detects a short to ground in the circuit that contains the lane departure warning switch and forward collision setting switches. The lane departure warning feature is enabled and disabled through the lane departure switch located in the instrument panel. When enabled, the frontview camera module will illuminate the indicator located in the switch. The forward collision alert distance is adjustable using the forward collision switch. The setting is shown in the driver information center.
The frontview camera module monitors the normally open signal circuit. When the lane departure warning switch is pressed, the circuit is completed to ground through two resistors. When the forward collision switch is pressed, the circuit is completed to ground through one resistor.
The forward collision alert system is controlled by the front view camera module mounted on the windshield. The forward collision alert system is always active and operates at speeds above 40 km/h (25 mph). When the system detects a vehicle in the path ahead, the green vehicle ahead alert indicator in the vehicle direction display is illuminated. When approaching another vehicle too rapidly, the collision alert symbol will flash in the display located in the center of the instrument panel and the radio will simultaneously give an audible alert sound. The red collision alert display will stay continuously illuminated if the vehicle ahead remains much too close. These actions are requested by the front view camera module via serial data to the instrument cluster. The instrument cluster provides the ground path to turn on the appropriate LEDs. The forward collision alert switch is used to adjust the timing sensitivity of the front collision alert system.
The parking assist system is designed to identify and notify the driver of an object in the vehicle's path when reversing at speeds of less than 8 km/h (5 mph). The distance and location of the object is determined by four object alarm sensors located in the rear bumper. The parking assist system will notify the driver using an audible signal through the radio speakers.
The side object sensor modules are located on each side of the vehicle behind the rear fascia and are not directly visible from outside the vehicle. The sensors use radar to determine the presence of objects nearby. When an object is detected in the rear cross traffic zone, the module will send out a signal through serial data communication to turn on the visual icons on the rear vision camera screen and also audio chime notification for the appropriate side. Each sensor is supplied B+ and ground. The right sensor receives an additional ground. Both sensors communicate independently on the serial data line. The serial data enters the left sensor in a pass-thru configuration, that connects to the right sensor. The scan tool is able to individually communicate with each sensor.
When the transmission is placed into REVERSE while engine is running, a 12 V signal is sent to the rearview camera indicating that camera operation is requested. Ignition voltage and ground are supplied to the rearview camera. The rearview camera sends video information to the radio through a video signal + and a video signal - circuit. A grounded shielding also wraps the video signal circuits to reduce electronic interference which may degrade the video signal and cause a distorted or otherwise degraded image.
When the transmission is placed into REVERSE while engine is running, a 12 V signal is sent to the inside rearview mirror and rearview camera indicating that camera operation is requested. Ignition voltage and ground are supplied to the rearview camera; the inside rearview mirror is supplied a common ignition voltage and ground source that is shared with other mirror operations. The rearview camera sends video information to the inside rearview mirror through a video signal + and a video signal - circuit. A grounded shielding also wraps the video signal circuits to reduce electronic interference which may degrade the video signal and cause a distorted or otherwise degraded image.
When the system detects a vehicle in the side blind zone while driving the Left or Right Side Object Sensor will send a signal via serial data to the appropriate Door Lock/Window Switch. The Door Lock/Window switch supplies power and ground to the outside rearview mirror. When commanded via serial data, the Door Lock/window switch will provide power to the outside rear view mirror. The amber warning symbol will light up in the appropriate outside mirror. This indicates that it may be unsafe to change lanes. If the driver then activates the turn signal, the amber warning symbol starts flashing as an extra warning not to change lanes. An audible alert will also sound.
Side blind zone alert is active when the vehicle is out of park or the parking brake is off on manual transmission vehicles and from speeds of 10 km/h (6.2 MPH) up to 140 km/h (87 MPH). Driving faster deactivates the system, indicated by dimly lighting the warning symbols in the mirrors. Driving under this speed again will turn off the warning symbols. If then a vehicle is detected in the blind zone, the warning symbols will turn on normally on the appropriate side. When the vehicle is started, both outside mirror displays will briefly come on to indicate that the system is operating.
The lane departure warning is controlled by the frontview camera module mounted on the windshield. The lane departure warning is enabled and disabled through a switch located at the instrument panel. When enabled, the vehicle direction camera control module will illuminate the indicator located in the switch.
When the system is operating and can detect the lane markings, the vehicle direction camera control module will request via serial data communications that the instrument cluster illuminate the green lane departure ready-to-assist indicator. If the frontview camera module detects that the vehicle has crossed a lane marking without the turn signal being used, the module will request that the instrument cluster flash the yellow lane departure warning indicator. An audible warning will also sound three times when the yellow instrument cluster indicator is flashing.
The components used in the rear vision camera system are the camera, located at the rear of the vehicle and the inside rearview mirror, which houses the LCD display.
When the vehicle is placed in REVERSE while engine is running, the body control module (BCM) sends a 12 volt signal to the inside rearview mirror and the rearview camera. This signal indicates that rear vision camera operation is required. Upon receipt of this signal, the mirror will begin the power up cycle for the LCD display and the camera will also power up. The rear vision camera transmits the video signal to the inside rearview mirror through discrete + and - signal circuits. A metallic foil encases the video signal circuits and is tied to a shield ground circuit. This shield is designed to reduce electronic interference which may degrade the video signal and cause a distorted or otherwise degraded image. The mirror will continuously display the image for up to 3 minutes as long as the vehicle remains running with the transmission in reverse. If this time is exceeded, the mirror image will turn off to prevent overheating and the lower left green status LED will flash rapidly. The image can be displayed again by shifting the transmission out of reverse and then back into reverse. In addition to time, if the mirror temperature exceeds 70°C (158°F), the mirror will turn off the video display and will not allow operation until the internal temperature drops below 70°C (158°F).
If desired, the rear vision camera may be manually disabled. Refer to the navigation system owner's manual for instructions on manually disabling and enabling the rear vision camera system. The following conditions may cause a degraded rear vision camera image
- Ice, snow or mud has built up on the rear vision camera
- Dark conditions
- Extreme light conditions, such as glare from the sun or the headlights of another vehicle
- Damage to the rear of the vehicle
- Extreme high or low temperatures or extreme temperature changes
The components used in the rear vision camera system are the camera, located at the rear of the vehicle and the navigation radio.
When the vehicle is placed in REVERSE while engine is running, the body control module (BCM) sends a 12 volt signal to the rearview camera. This signal indicates that rear vision camera operation is required. Upon receipt of this signal, the camera will begin the power up cycle. A serial data message is also received by the navigation radio indicating the vehicle is in REVERSE. Upon receipt of this message, the navigation radio will also begin a power up cycle for the display. The rear vision camera transmits the video signal to the navigation radio through discrete + and - signal circuits. A metallic foil encases the video signal circuits and is tied to a shield ground circuit. This shield is designed to reduce electronic interference which may degrade the video signal and cause a distorted or otherwise degraded image.
If desired, the rear vision camera may be manually disabled through the navigation system menu. Refer to the navigation system owner's manual for instructions on manually disabling and enabling the rear vision camera system. The following conditions may cause a degraded rear vision camera image
- Ice, snow or mud has built up on the rear vision camera
- Dark conditions
- Extreme light conditions, such as glare from the sun or the headlights of another vehicle
- Damage to the rear of the vehicle
- Extreme high or low temperatures or extreme temperature changes
If a malfunction is detected in the system, Service Rear Vision Camera may be displayed on the navigation radio as an indicator to the customer that a problem exists that requires service.
Object Detection Description and Operation (With Park Assist, UD7)
The parking assist system is designed to identify and notify the driver of an object in the vehicle's path when reversing at speeds of less than 8 km/h (5 mph). The distance and location of the object is determined by four object alarm sensors located in the rear bumper. The parking assist system will notify the driver using an audible signal through the radio speakers. The audible signal will vary depending on the distance the object is from the vehicle.
The parking assist system is made up of the following components
- Object alarm module
- Object alarm sensors
Object Alarm Module
The object alarm module provides an 8 V reference and a low reference to the four object alarm sensors. The object alarm module receives individual signals from each of the four sensors and determines the location and distance of an object based on these inputs. When an object is detected, the object alarm module will send a serial data message to the radio requesting an audible alert.
Object Alarm Sensor
The object alarm sensors are located in the rear bumper of the vehicle. The sensors are used to determine the distance between an object and the rear bumper. Each sensor emits an ultrasonic frequency which is reflected off an object located behind the vehicle. These reflections are received by the sensors. The time difference between when the frequency was emitted and when the reflection is received, known as sensor echo, is used to determine the distance to the object. The sensors report this information to the object alarm module.
Rear Parking Assist Operation
When the vehicle is first placed into reverse, an audible beep will sound to indicate the system is working.
When backing up at speed of less than 8 km/h (5 mph), the system is constantly monitoring for object of interest located behind the vehicle. The parking assist system can detect objects greater than 7.6 cm (3 in) wide and 25.4 cm (10 in) tall. The system cannot detect objects below the bumper or underneath the vehicle. If an object is detected within 2.5 m (8 ft) away from the rear bumper, there will be an audible beep out of the speakers. As the vehicle gets closer to an object, the time between the beeps becomes shorter. If the vehicle stops and there is an object within 2.5 m (8 ft) away from the rear bumper the beeping will stop after 5 seconds. When the distance between the object and the vehicle starts to decrease again the beeping will start again.
If the parking assist system detects a malfunction when the vehicle is placed into reverse there will be no audible beep and a DTC will be stored. The object alarm module will send a serial data message to the instrument panel cluster (IPC) to display the SERVICE PARK ASSIST message on the driver information center (DIC).
Description and Operation
The side blind zone alert system shall detect and report "objects of interest" on either side of the vehicle, within a specified "blind spot" zone. The system is designed to alert the driver, with a visual display placed on the side view mirror, to the presence of objects of interest that may not be visible in the inside rearview mirror and outside rear view mirrors. Although this system is intended to help drivers avoid lane change crashes, it does not replace driver vision and therefore should be considered a lane change aid. Even with the side blind zone alert system, the driver must check carefully for objects outside of the reporting zone (e.g., a fast approaching vehicle) before changing lanes. In the event that the system senses a malfunction through its diagnostic routines, the system will be disabled and the driver will be visually notified.
When the system detects a vehicle in the side blind zone while driving forward, an amber warning symbol will light up in the appropriate outside mirror. This indicates that it may be unsafe to change lanes. If the driver then activates the turn signal, the amber warning symbol starts flashing as an extra warning not to change lanes.
Side blind zone alert is active when the vehicle is out of park or the parking brake is off on manual transmission vehicles and at speeds up to approximately 140 km/h (87 MPH). If a vehicle is detected in the blind zone, the warning symbols will turn illuminate on the appropriate side. When the vehicle is started, both outside mirror displays will briefly come on to indicate that the system is operating. The warning symbols will vary brightness based on the ambient light conditions.
Side Blind Zone Alert Operation
When the vehicle is started, both outside mirror displays will briefly come on to indicate that the system is operating. The system is designed to detect objects of interest as small as a 125cc motorcycle with rider. The detection zone starts at the outside rearview mirror and extends out to 3.5 m (11 ft) at the back corner of the vehicle and 3 m (10 ft) behind the vehicle at a height of 0.5 m (1.5 ft) to 2.0 m (6 ft) above the ground. The side blind zone system does not detect stationary objects such as guardrails, posts, curbs, walls, berms, bridges or parked vehicles.
When the system detects a vehicle in the side blind zone while driving forward, independent if passing a vehicle or being passed, an amber warning symbol will light up in the appropriate outside mirror. This indicates that it may be unsafe to change lanes. If the driver then activates the turn signal, the amber warning symbol starts flashing as an extra warning not to change lanes.
Foul weather may affect the operation of the side blind zone system. Occasional missed alerts can occur under normal circumstances and will increase in wet conditions. The number of missed alerts will increase with increased rainfall or road spray. Heavy rainfall, as well as mud, dirt, snow, ice or slush build-up on the rear fascia, can completely disable the system.
If the vehicle is towing a trailer or has an object such as a bicycle rack attached to the rear of the vehicle, the side blind zone system may not function properly and the indicators may illuminate intermittently or remain illuminated all the time.
Object Detection Description and Operation (with Rear Cross Traffic Alert, UFT)
The rear cross traffic alert system is designed to provide enhanced customer visibility while backing up by providing warnings to the driver on impending rear cross traffic. The rear cross traffic alert system is designed to detect and track objects of interest within a specified coverage zone behind the vehicle. The system is designed to alert the driver, with a visual display and either an audible sound or a haptic w, to the presence of objects of interest that may cause a collision with the host vehicle. Although the system is intended to assist drivers in backing up, it does not replace driver's vision. The driver is responsible to check carefully for objects outside of the coverage zone (e.g., a fast approaching vehicle) for a safe backing maneuver. In the event that the system senses a malfunction through its diagnostic functions, the system will be disabled and the driver will be visually notified.
Rear Cross Traffic Alert Operation
The rear cross traffic alert system is designed to detect objects of interest as small as a 125cc motorcycle with rider. The detection zone extends approximately 30 m (99 ft) from the rear corner of the car and covers an area from behind the vehicle to 125° towards the front at a height of 0.45 m (1.5 ft) to 2 M (6.5 ft) above ground. The system operates when vehicle speed is 10 kph (6 mph) or less and is designed to detect objects moving at speeds up to 36 kph (22 mph).
When the vehicle is backing up, the side object sensors receive energy that is reflected from external objects and determine if the objects are objects of interest or not. The system may at times detect pedestrians, shopping carts or similar moving objects. This is normal and should not be considered as a false alert or problem with the system. The rear cross traffic alert system will estimate vehicle travel trajectory and use the information in conjunction with object travel trajectory information to determine if there is a potential collision between the vehicle and the object of interest. The rear cross traffic alert function will only alert on objects of interest that pose a potential collision with the host vehicle. The system is not designed to provide an alert to objects that have no potential collision with vehicle. In addition, the system will not alert to stationary objects such as signs, parked cars, etc.
Object Detection Description and Operation (with Lane Departure Warning, UFL)
The lane departure warning system is a convenience feature of the front view camera that issues a warning when the system detects that the vehicle has unintentionally crossed a lane marking. The front view camera is located behind the windshield, looking out at the road ahead and detecting any lane markings. When the vehicle unintentionally leaves a detected lane, a visual and audible alert is given to the driver.
The lane departure warning system is made up of the following components
- Front view camera module
- Lane departure warning switch
- Instrument cluster/Vehicle Direction Display
- Radio
Front View Camera Module
The camera detects visual queues such as lane markings. When it is determined that the vehicle has unintentionally moved outside of the lane, a visual and audible warning is given to the driver. The front view camera module receives an input from the lane departure warning switch and controls the lane departure warning switch indicator output. The front view camera module also communicates via serial data with the instrument cluster and radio to request visual and audible alerts.
Lane Departure Warning Switch
The lane departure warning switch provides an input to the front view camera module to turn the lane departure warning system ON and OFF. The front view camera module provides a signal voltage to the normally open momentary switch. When the switch is pressed, the signal circuit is pulled to ground, indicating to the front view camera module that the system has been requested to turn ON or OFF. The lane departure warning switch also contains the lane departure warning switch indicator, which is controlled by the front view camera module to indicate the ON and OFF status of the lane departure warning system. When the system has been enabled by the lane departure warning switch, the front view camera module applies ground to the switch indicator and illuminates the LED. The location of the lane departure warning switch can vary with different vehicles. For the exact location please refer to the user's manual.
Instrument Cluster
The vehicle direction display contains green and amber lane departure warning indicators. These indicate to the driver the current status of the lane departure warning system and are controlled via serial data by the front view camera module. When the vehicle speed is above 56 km/h (35 MPH) and the system has detected the required lane markings and is ready to assist, the green indicator will be illuminated on the vehicle direction display. If the vehicle has unintentionally left the lane, the amber indicator will flash.
Radio
The radio controls the audible alert for the lane departure warning. If the vehicle has unintentionally left the lane, the radio will command three beeps as an audible alert to the driver.
Lane Departure Warning Operation
System operation can be describe by the following modes
- Off State: The system has been turned off by the driver, using the lane departure warning switch. The lane departure warning indicator will not be illuminated.
- Not Ready To Assist: The system is enabled and the lane departure warning indicator is illuminated, but not ready to assist when any of the following conditions is true: Vehicle speed is less than 56 km/h (35 MPH). The system is designed to function at speeds greater than 56 km/h (35 MPH). The system cannot detect lane markings. This may be because there are no lane markings, as on a country road or that the lane markings cannot be determined due to snow, rain or other driving conditions. The windshield area in front of the camera or the camera lens is blocked by fog, dirt, damage to the windshield or other elements that may prevent the camera from detecting lane markings.
- Ready To Assist: The system is enabled and ready to warn of the unintentional lane crossing. The system is ready to assist when the green lane departure warning indicator is illuminated on the vehicle direction display.
Lane Crossing Alerts
- When one of the following conditions are met, the system will not give alerts: The correct turn signal is activated. An activated turn signal is interpreted as an intentional lane crossing. The operator makes an intentional steering maneuver. The operator makes an intentional accelerating maneuver. The operator makes an intentional braking maneuver.
- Lane crossing alert consists of the following: Three chimes are activated through the radio. The amber lane departure warning indicator will flash.
Object Detection Description and Operation (with Forward Collision Alert, UEU)
The forward collision alert system is a convenience feature of the front view camera that issues a warning to the driver when a potential collision risk exists. The front view camera is located behind the windshield, looking out at the road ahead and detecting vehicles directly ahead, within a distance of approximately 60 meters (197 ft). At night or in poor conditions, the distance may be reduced to approximately 40 meters (130 ft). The forward collision alert system is always active and operates at speeds above 40 kph (25 mph).
When the front view camera module detects a vehicle in the path ahead, the green vehicle ahead indicator in the vehicle direction display is illuminated. When following a vehicle ahead too closely, the red collision alert indicator will illuminate and stay on until the following distance is increased. The green vehicle ahead indicator will then be illuminated again. When approaching another vehicle too rapidly, the collision alert symbol will flash in the vehicle direction display and an audible alert sounds. Forward collision alert does not warn the driver of any objects that are not detected as a vehicle, like e.g. pedestrians, animals, signs, guard rails, bridges, construction barrels or other stationary or slow moving objects. The forward collision alert timing sensitivity to control the distance to the vehicle ahead can be set using the forward collision alert switch in the left steering wheel controls.
In some cases the camera may detect a vehicle that is not in the path ahead or the system may occasionally provide unrealistic alerts. This could respond to a turning vehicle ahead, guard rails, traffic signs or other stationary objects. This is normal operation, the vehicle does not need service. Forward collision alert may sometimes set unnecessary alerts to turning vehicles, vehicles in other lanes, objects that are not vehicles or shadows. These alerts are normal operation and the vehicle does not need service.
The forward collision alert system is made up of the following components
- Front view camera module
- Forward collision alert switch
- Instrument cluster / Vehicle direction display
- Radio
Front View Camera Module
The front view camera detects vehicles in front of the host vehicle. The front view camera module communicates via serial data to the instrument cluster to illuminate the appropriate indicators in the vehicle direction display. The front view camera module also communicates via serial data with the driver information center to display messages and the radio to request audible alerts.
Forward Collision Alert Switch
The forward collision alert switch provides an input to the front view camera module to select between four alert timing sensitivity settings. These setting will change the sensitivity for both the following too closely and forward collision alert indicators. In addition to the sensitivity setting, the alert distance will change based upon vehicle speed. The front view camera module provides a signal voltage to the normally open switch. When the switch is pressed, the signal circuit is pulled to ground through a resistor, indicating to the front view camera module that the system has been requested to change the alert timing sensitivity. The first button press shows the current alert timing setting on the driver information center. With every button press, the alert timing sensitivity is changed. The current alert timing setting will be maintained until it is changed. The preset alert timing setting is displayed in the top line of the driver information center. The position of the forward collision alert switch can vary with different vehicles. For the exact position please refer to the owner's manual.
Instrument Cluster
The vehicle direction display contains the indicators for the collision alert system and are controlled by the instrument cluster via serial data messages from the front view camera module. The green vehicle ahead indicator indicates to the driver that the front view camera system has detected a vehicle in the driving path ahead. The red collision alert indicator will illuminated continuously if the system determines that the vehicle ahead is too close. When approaching another vehicle too rapidly, the red collision alert symbol will flash.
Radio
The radio controls the audible alert for the forward collision alert system and is activated via serial data from the front view camera module. If the host vehicle is approaching another vehicle too rapidly, the radio will command an audible alert to the driver.
See also:
• COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX