Steering System-General Information Ford Five Hundred I

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

The steering system consists of

1. power steering pump
2. fluid reservoir
3. rack and pinion steering gear
4. fluid cooler
5. power steering pressure and return lines/hoses
6. steering column
7. steering column switches

Special Tool(s)

SPECIAL TOOL - STEERING SYSTEM Dial Thermometer 0--220°F 023-R0007 or equivalent 73III Automotive Meter 105-R0057 or equivalent Power Steering Analyzer 211-F001 (014-00207) or equivalent Gauge, Spring Tension 211-034 (T74P-3504-Y) DIS/EDIS Tach Adapter 418-F102 (007-00061) or equivalent Tie Rod End Remover 211-105 (T85M-3395-A)

Scheme 15

Scheme 16

Scheme 17

Scheme 18

Scheme 19

Scheme 20

Material

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION - STEERING SYSTEM

Power Steering

The power steering system uses a CIII power steering vane-type pump to pump the fluid from the reservoir to the rack-and-pinion steering gear. The power steering pump is mounted to the engine and driven by the engine accessory drive belt. Power steering fluid is pulled into the pump from the reservoir by vacuum. The minimum vacuum required is 68--84 kPa (20--25 in/Hg). The power steering fluid is then trapped and squeezed into a smaller area inside the pump. This action pressurizes the fluid at the output, as it flows to the rest of the system. A pressure relief/flow valve is built into the pump to control the maximum pressure. The relief pressure is between 9,997--10,894 kPa (1,450--1,580 psi). This action prevents damage to the system during different engine speeds. While under pressure, the power steering fluid flows through the high pressure power steering line to the rack-and-pinion steering gear.

Scheme 21

1. Verify the customer concern.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical damage. VISUAL INSPECTION CHART Mechanical Fluid level Tire pressure Tires Drive belt Drive belt tensioner Steering column alignment Tie-rod ends Suspension components Steering column shaft U-joints Intermediate shaft bolts Power steering reservoir baffle Power steering reservoir filter Power steering pressure lines, fittings or O-rings Power steering return hoses and clamps Steering gear Power steering pump
3. Inspect the power steering fluid for the following conditions: Aerated or foamy: Purge the power steering system. Refer to «POWER STEERING SYSTEM PURGING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__power-steering-system-purging) . Overheating or contamination: Flush the power steering system. Refer to «POWER STEERING SYSTEM FLUSHING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__power-steering-system-flushing) .
4. Check the power steering system for fluid leaks. Check the power steering fluid level. NOTE: It may be necessary to add power steering fluid to achieve the correct level. With the ignition OFF: Wipe off the power steering pump, the power steering pressure hose, the power steering return hose, the power steering fluid cooler, the hose assembly and the steering gear. CAUTION: Do not hold the steering wheel at the stops for an extended amount of time. Damage to the power steering pump can occur. Start the engine and turn the steering wheel from stop to stop several times and check for leaks.
5. Inspect the power steering pressure and return hoses, the fittings and the O-rings for leaks. If a leak is detected at a power steering pressure or return hose, install a new hose. Refer to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) . If a leak is detected at a fitting or clamp plate, tighten to specification. If the leak is still evident, visually inspect the fittings, the clamp plate, the O-rings, and the Teflon ®seals. Install new as necessary. Refer to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) . If a leak is detected at the power steering reservoir, install a new reservoir. Refer to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) . If a leak is detected at a constant tension spring clamp, verify that the hose is fully installed on the fitting and that the constant tension spring clamp is correctly positioned. If the leak remains, install a new constant tension spring clamp. If a leak is detected at a screw clamp joint, tighten the screw clamp. If the leak remains, inspect the tube end and install a new hose. Refer to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) . If a leak is detected at the power steering pump, install a new power steering pump. Refer to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) . NOTE: It may be necessary to remove the squeeze-type clamp from the steering gear boots to inspect for leaks.
6. Inspect the power steering gear for leaks. If a leak is detected at the power steering gear, install a new power steering gear. Refer to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) .
7. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible) before proceeding to the next step.
8. If the cause is not visually evident, verify the symptom and GO to «SYMPTOM CHART»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__symptom-chart) .

Drift/Pull

Pull is described as a tugging sensation felt by the hands on the steering wheel that must be overcome to keep the vehicle going straight.

Drift describes what a vehicle with this condition does with the hands off the steering wheel.

1. A vehicle-related drift/pull on a flat road can cause a consistent deviation from the straight-ahead path and require constant steering input in the opposite direction to counteract the effect.
2. Drift/pull can be induced by conditions external to the vehicle, such as wind or road camber.

Excessive Steering Wheel Play

Excessive steering wheel play is a condition in which there is too much steering wheel movement before the wheels move. A small amount of steering wheel free play is considered normal.

Feedback

Feedback is a roughness felt in the steering wheel when the vehicle is driven over rough pavement.

Hard Steering or Lack of Assist

Hard steering or lack of assist is experienced when the steering wheel effort exceeds specifications. Hard steering can remain constant through the full turn or occur near the end of a turn. It is important to know the difference between hard steering/lack of assist and binding.

Hard steering or lack of assist can result from either hydraulic or mechanical conditions. It is extremely important to know if this concern occurs during driving or during high-effort parking maneuvers.

Nibble

Sometimes confused with shimmy, nibble is a condition resulting from tire interaction with various road surfaces and observed by the driver as small rotational oscillations of the steering wheel.

Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering

Poor returnability and sticky steering is used to describe the poor return of the steering wheel to center after a turn, or steering correction, is completed.

Shimmy

Shimmy, as observed by the driver, is large, consistent, rotational oscillations of the steering wheel resulting from large, side to side (lateral) tire/wheel movements.

Shimmy is usually experienced near 64 km/h (40 mph), and can begin or be amplified when the tire contacts pot holes or irregularities in the road surface.

Wander

Wander is the tendency of the vehicle to require frequent, random left and right steering wheel corrections to maintain a straight path down a level road.

Symptom Chart

SYMPTOM CHART

Normal Operation

The power steering pump, which is driven by the crankshaft through a drive belt and pulleys, develops the hydraulic pressure necessary to operate the system. When the engine is running, fluid is drawn into the power steering pump from the power steering pump reservoir. Hydraulic fluid is pressurized in the power steering pump and sent to the steering gear. The rotary valve determines fluid direction to assist the driver in the turning of the vehicle. When the steering wheel is turned, the steering gear converts this hydraulic pressure and flow into mechanical motion that moves the front wheels in the direction of the turn. The steering gear uses tie rods to connect the front knuckles, which then pivot on the ball joints, steering the vehicle.

Possible Causes

1. front suspension components
2. power steering fluid level
3. power steering pump
4. steering column
5. steering column dash boot
6. steering gear
7. steering linkage
8. drive belt
9. belt tensioner

PINPOINT TEST A: STEERING SYSTEM NOISE

1. A1 CHECK FOR MECHANICAL NOISE Test drive the vehicle to verify the steering system noise. Does the steering system make a clunk noise? Yes : If the noise is from the steering linkage, CHECK for loose, worn, or damaged inner tie rod or tie rod ends. REFER to Component Test, «STEERING LINKAGE»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__steering-linkage) . If the noise is from the steering column, CHECK the steering column intermediate shaft for grounding through the body and repair as necessary. If the noise is from the steering column boot bearing. INSTALL a new steering column boot bearing. REFER to «STEERING COLUMN»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/steering-column/#steering-column) . If the noise is from suspension components, INSTALL new suspension components as necessary. REFER to «FRONT SUSPENSION»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/suspension-front/#front-suspension) for the front suspension or «REAR SUSPENSION»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension) for the rear suspension. If the noise is from loose, worn, or damaged intermediate shaft U-joint(s), INSTALL a new steering column shaft. REFER to «STEERING COLUMN»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/steering-column/#steering-column) . No : If a squeak is present in the steering column, REPAIR the steering column mountings or align the steering column as necessary. REFER to «STEERING COLUMN»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/steering-column/#steering-column) . For all other concerns, GO to A2.
2. A2 VERIFY THE CONCERN NOTE: Make sure the vehicle is on a flat dry surface, the transmission is in PARK, and the windows are rolled up. NOTE: Some power steering noise is expected. If in doubt of the acceptability of the noise level, evaluate another vehicle of the same model and powertrain. Key in START position. Turn the steering wheel one-half turn off-center to the right then one-half turn off-center to the left. Is the power steering noisy? Yes : If a grunt noise is present, verify the steering column dash boot is OK and the exhaust system is not grounding out. If a moan is present, verify that the inner tie rod, tie rod ends, and ball joints are OK. GO to A3. No : If a squeal is present, INSPECT and INSTALL a new engine drive belt or belt tensioner as necessary. REFER to «ACCESSORY DRIVE»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/accessory-drive-belts/#accessory-drive-system) . If the steering system noise is a hiss or whistle, INSPECT the dash boot at the instrument panel cowl. REPAIR or INSTALL a new dash boot as necessary. REFER to «STEERING COLUMN»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/steering-column/#steering-column) . INSPECT the steering gear input shaft and valve for wear or damage. REFER to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) . INSPECT the power steering gear, the intermediate shaft, and the power steering lines and hoses for grounding to the body and repair as necessary. INSPECT for openings or missing plugs in the instrument panel cowl and repair as necessary. If there are no missing plugs or openings in the instrument panel cowl, and no grounded power steering gear, intermediate shaft, or power steering lines or hoses, GO to A6 .
3. A3 CHECK FOR COLD START NOISE NOTE: Some noise during an extremely cold start (-25.5°C [-14°F]) is normal and should improve as the steering system warms up (usually within 60 seconds). Key in START position. Verify the noise condition. Is the noise present only during cold start up? Yes : CHECK for contamination in the power steering reservoir screen. FLUSH the power steering system as necessary. REFER to «POWER STEERING SYSTEM FLUSHING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__power-steering-system-flushing) . TEST the system for normal operation. No : GO to A4.
4. A4 INSPECT THE POWER STEERING FLUID Key in OFF position. With the engine OFF, inspect the power steering fluid for aeration. Is the power steering fluid foamy or aerated? Yes : GO to A5. No : PURGE the power steering system. REFER to «POWER STEERING SYSTEM PURGING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__power-steering-system-purging) . If a whine or moan is still present, INSTALL a new power steering pump. REFER to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) . If a grunt is still present, INSTALL a new power steering gear. REFER to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) .
5. A5 CHECK THE POWER STEERING FLUID LEVEL WITH THE ENGINE ON AND OFF NOTE: Record the vacuum level when the pump noise occurs with no steering input. Vacuum level should be greater than 51 kPa (15 in/Hg) with the CIII pump. Key in START position. With the engine running, inspect the power steering fluid level. Key in OFF position. With the engine off, inspect the power steering fluid level. Does the power steering fluid level change with the engine off? Yes : PURGE the power steering system. REFER to «POWER STEERING SYSTEM PURGING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__power-steering-system-purging) . No : GO to A6.
6. A6 CHECK THE POWER STEERING PUMP NOTE: Do not turn the steering wheel to either the right or left stop. Power steering relief noise will occur and is normal at the stop positions. Key in START position. With the engine running, rotate the steering wheel 90 degrees to the left then to the right. Does the frequency of the hiss change between the left and right positions? Yes : INSTALL a new power steering gear. REFER to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) . No : INSTALL a new power steering pump. REFER to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) .

The power steering pump, which is driven by the crankshaft through a drive belt and pulleys, develops the hydraulic pressure necessary to operate the system. When the engine is running, fluid is drawn into the power steering pump from the power steering pump reservoir. Hydraulic fluid is pressurized in the power steering pump and sent to the steering gear. The rotary valve determines fluid direction to assist the driver in the turning of the vehicle. When the steering wheel is turned, the steering gear converts this hydraulic pressure and flow into mechanical motion that moves the front wheels in the direction of the turn. The steering gear uses tie rods to connect the front knuckles, which then pivot on the ball joints, steering the vehicle.

1. intermediate shaft
2. intermediate shaft U-joints
3. steering column
4. steering column bearings
5. steering gear
6. power steering pump
7. power steering hoses
8. ball joints

PINPOINT TEST B: STEERING IS VERY DIFFICULT/VERY EASY

1. B1 CHECK THE STEERING COLUMN BEARINGS AND THE INTERMEDIATE SHAFT NOTE: Be sure to keep the clockspring centered when disconnecting the intermediate shaft. Refer to «SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/airbag/#supplemental-inflatable-restraint-system) . Check the steering column and intermediate shaft for grounding. Disconnect the steering column intermediate shaft at the steering column. Verify that the intermediate shaft universal joints do not bind and move freely and that the steering column bearing rotates freely. Are the steering column bearings and intermediate shaft universal joints OK? Yes : GO to B2. No : If the steering column or the intermediate shaft are grounding, REPAIR as necessary. If the steering column bearings or the intermediate shaft are binding, INSTALL a new intermediate shaft or steering column. REFER to «STEERING COLUMN»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/steering-column/#steering-column) .
2. B2 CHECK THE FRONT BALL JOINTS AND UPPER STRUT BEARINGS Verify that the front ball joints and upper strut bearings move freely and are not binding or sticking. Refer to «SUSPENSION SYSTEM-GENERAL INFORMATION»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/suspension-front/#suspension-system-general-information) for the suspension diagnosis. Are the front ball joints and upper strut bearings OK? Yes : GO to B3. No : INSTALL new ball joints or upper strut bearings as necessary. REFER to «FRONT SUSPENSION»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/suspension-front/#front-suspension) .
3. B3 MONITOR ENGINE RPM CHANGES NOTE: Make sure that the vehicle is on a flat dry surface. Key in START position. CAUTION: Do not hold the steering wheel at the stops for an extended amount of time. Damage to the power steering pump can occur. Turn the steering wheel once to the left stop position and then to the right stop position. Note the engine rpm during the turns. Does the engine rpm change when turning the steering wheel? Yes : If no power steering assist is present and the engine rpm changes, INSTALL a new steering gear. REFER to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) . If left-to-right variation is present, INSTALL a new steering gear. REFER to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) . If excessive effort is required in one or both directions, INSTALL a new power steering pump. REFER to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) . No : CARRY OUT the Power Steering Pump Flow and Pressure Test. REFER to the «COMPONENT TESTS»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information) .

When the steering wheel is turned, the steering shaft rotates in the steering column on bearings. When the engine is running, fluid is drawn into the power steering pump from the power steering pump reservoir. Hydraulic fluid is pressurized in the power steering pump and sent to the steering gear. The rotary valve determines fluid direction to assist the driver in the turning of the vehicle. When the steering wheel is turned, the steering gear converts this hydraulic pressure and flow into mechanical motion that moves the front wheels in the direction of the turn. The steering gear uses inner tie rods and tie rod ends to connect the front knuckles, which then pivot on the ball joints, steering the vehicle.

1. steering column bearings
2. steering linkage
3. suspension components

PINPOINT TEST C: EXCESSIVE STEERING WHEEL PLAY

1. C1 CHECK THE STEERING COLUMN BEARINGS Inspect the steering column mounting fasteners and bearings for looseness. Are the fasteners and bearings OK? Yes : GO to C2. No : TIGHTEN the steering column mounting fasteners or INSTALL a new steering column. REFER to «STEERING COLUMN»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/steering-column/#steering-column) .
2. C2 CHECK THE STEERING LINKAGE FOR LOOSENESS Carry out the steering linkage component test. Refer to «COMPONENT TESTS»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information) . Is the steering linkage OK? Yes : REFER to «SUSPENSION SYSTEM-GENERAL INFORMATION»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/suspension-front/#suspension-system-general-information) to diagnose the suspension components. No : INSTALL new steering linkage components as necessary. REFER to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) .

When the steering wheel is turned, the steering shaft rotates in the steering column on bearings. When the engine is running, fluid is drawn into the power steering pump from the power steering pump reservoir. Hydraulic fluid is pressurized in the power steering pump and sent to the steering gear. The rotary valve determines fluid direction to assist the driver in the turning of the vehicle. When the steering wheel is turned, the steering gear converts this hydraulic pressure and flow into mechanical motion that moves the front wheels in the direction of the turn. The steering gear uses inner tie rods and tie rod ends to connect the front knuckles, which then pivot on the ball joints, steering the vehicle.

1. steering gear
2. intermediate shaft
3. intermediate shaft U-joints
4. steering gear mounts
5. suspension components

PINPOINT TEST D: STEERING SYSTEM DRIFT/PULL/WANDER

1. D1 CHECK FOR TIRE PULL Rotate the front wheel and tire assemblies side to side. Refer to «WHEELS & TIRES»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/wheel-tire-system/#wheels-tires) . Carry out a road test on a smooth, flat road. Does the vehicle drift/pull? Yes : If vehicle pulls in the opposite direction, GO to D2. If vehicle pulls in the original direction, GO to D3 . No : The concern has been corrected.
2. D2 ROTATE THE WHEEL AND TIRE ASSEMBLIES FRONT TO REAR Rotate the wheel and tire assemblies front to rear. Refer to «WHEELS & TIRES»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/wheel-tire-system/#wheels-tires) . Carry out a road test on a smooth, flat road. Does the vehicle drift/pull? Yes : GO to D3. No : The concern has been corrected.
3. D3 CHECK THE STEERING COLUMN INTERMEDIATE SHAFT NOTE: Be sure to keep the clockspring centered when disconnecting the intermediate shaft. Refer to «SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/airbag/#supplemental-inflatable-restraint-system) . Check the steering column and intermediate shaft for grounding. Disconnect the steering column intermediate shaft at the steering column. Inspect the steering column intermediate shaft U-joints for looseness or wear. Are the steering column intermediate shaft universal joints OK? Yes : GO to D4. No : INSTALL a new steering column intermediate shaft. REFER to «STEERING COLUMN»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/steering-column/#steering-column) .
4. D4 CHECK THE STEERING GEAR MOUNTING Check the steering gear mounts for looseness or wear. Are the steering gear mounts OK? Yes : GO to D5. No : INSTALL a new steering gear. REFER to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) .
5. D5 CHECK THE STEERING GEAR Carry out the Steering Gear Valve component test. Refer to «COMPONENT TESTS»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information) . Is the steering gear valve OK? Yes : GO to D6. No : REPAIR or INSTALL a new steering gear. REFER to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) .
6. D6 CHECK THE SUSPENSION COMPONENTS Check for loose or worn suspension components. Refer to «SUSPENSION SYSTEM-GENERAL INFORMATION»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/suspension-front/#suspension-system-general-information) . Are the suspension components OK? Yes : GO to D7. No : INSTALL new suspension components. REFER to «FRONT SUSPENSION»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/suspension-front/#front-suspension) for the front suspension or «REAR SUSPENSION»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/suspension-rear/#rear-suspension) for the rear suspension.
7. D7 CHECK THE WHEEL ALIGNMENT NOTE: The vehicle will tend to pull toward the side with the least positive caster and the most positive camber. Using a suitable alignment system, measure the wheel alignment settings. Refer to «SUSPENSION SYSTEM-GENERAL INFORMATION»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/suspension-front/#suspension-system-general-information) . Are the alignment settings within specifications? Yes : CHECK for correct frame alignments. REFER to «UNI-BODY, SUBFRAME AND MOUNTING SYSTEM»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/frames-subframes-crossmembers/#uni-body-subframe-and-mounting-system) . No : ADJUST the alignment angles to specifications. DO NOT exceed the specifications. TEST the system for normal operation.

Steering Linkage

1. With the vehicle on the ground and the parking brake applied, start the vehicle and carry out the following: Have an assistant rotate the steering wheel back and forth 360 degrees and watch for relative motion of the studs in the steering linkage ball sockets. Watch for loose steering gear mounting.
2. An additional check is with the key ON engine OFF and the front wheels raised off the ground, grasp the wheel at the front and rear and watch for excessive play or binding in the joints while trying to steer the wheels.
3. Install new components if necessary. Tighten any worn, damaged, or loose components.

Turning Effort Test

Note. Make sure that the front wheels are correctly aligned and the tire pressure is correct before checking the steering effort.

1. Park the vehicle on dry concrete and set the parking brake.
2. Insert a thermometer into the power steering fluid reservoir.
3. Idle the engine for 2 to 3 minutes. Turn the steering wheel from stop to stop several times to warm the fluid to 50--60°C (122--140°F).
4. With the engine running, attach the spring scale to the rim of the steering wheel.
5. Measure the pull required to turn the steering wheel one complete revolution in each direction. REFER to «General Specifications»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__general-specifications) , steering wheel turning effort.

Power Steering Pump Flow and Pressure Test

1. Install the power steering analyzer at the high pressure port of the power steering pump. Make sure the power steering analyzer gate valve is fully open.
2. Place a dial thermometer in the power steering fluid reservoir.
3. Check the power steering fluid level. If necessary, add the specified power steering fluid.
4. Install a digital tachometer.
5. Start the engine. Place the transmission in NEUTRAL. Set the parking brake. Raise the power steering fluid temperature to 74-80°C (165-176°F) by rotating the steering wheel fully to the left and right several times.
6. With the steering wheel in the straight-ahead position, set the engine speed to 2,100 rpm. Record the flow rate and pressure readings. If the flow rate is less than the flow rate specification, continue with the test procedure. Refer to «General Specifications»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__general-specifications) , Power Steering Pump. If the pressure reading is greater than the maximum pressure specification, check the power steering hoses for kinks and restrictions.
7. Partially close the gate valve to obtain 5171 kPa (750 psi). Set the engine speed at idle. Record the flow rate. If the flow is less than the specified flow rate, install a new power steering pump. Refer to «General Specifications»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__general-specifications) , power steering pump.
8. Completely close and partially open the gate valve 3 times. Record the pressure relief valve actuation pressure reading. If the pressure does not meet the relief pressure specification, then install a new power steering pump. Refer to «General Specifications»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__general-specifications) , power steering pump.
9. Set engine speed to 2,100 rpm. Record the flow rate. If the flow rate varies more than 3.785 liters/minute (1 gallon/minute) from the initial flow rate reading, install a new power steering pump. Refer to «General Specifications»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__general-specifications) , power steering pump.
10. Set the engine speed at idle. Turn (or have an assistant turn) the steering wheel to the left and right stops. Record flow rate and pressure readings at the stops. The pressure reading at both stops should be nearly the same as the maximum pump relief pressure. The flow rate should drop to less than 1.9 liters/minute (0.5 gallons/minute). If the pressure does not reach the maximum pump relief pressure or the flow rate does not drop to less than the specified value, excessive internal leakage is occurring. Install a new steering gear as necessary. Refer to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) .
11. Turn (or have an assistant turn) the steering wheel slightly in both directions and release quickly while watching the pressure gauge. The pressure reading should move from the normal backpressure reading and snap back as the steering wheel is released. If the pressure returns slowly or sticks, the rotary valve in the steering gear is sticking or the steering column is binding. Check the steering column and linkages before repairing the steering gear.

Steering Gear Valve

1. With the vehicle in motion, place the transmission in NEUTRAL and turn the engine OFF. If the vehicle does not pull with the engine OFF, repair or install a new steering gear. Refer to «POWER STEERING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#power-steering-system) .
2. If the vehicle pulls with the engine OFF, switch the right side front wheel to the left side of the vehicle and the left side front wheel to the right side of the vehicle.
3. If the vehicle pulls to the opposite side, switch the front wheels with the rear wheels keeping them on the same side of the vehicle.
4. If the vehicle pull direction does not change, check the front suspension components, wheel alignment, and frame alignment. Refer to «SUSPENSION SYSTEM-GENERAL INFORMATION»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/suspension-front/#suspension-system-general-information) or an appropriate frame dimensions manual.

Power Steering System Flushing

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION - POWER STEERING SYSTEM FLUSHING

1. Remove the power steering fluid reservoir cap.
2. Using a suitable suction device, remove the power steering fluid from the reservoir.
3. Disconnect the power steering fluid return hose from the reservoir. Remove the clamp.
4. Plug the power steering fluid reservoir inlet port.
5. Attach an extension hose to the power steering return hose.
6. Place the open end of the extension hose into a suitable container.
7. Fill the power steering fluid reservoir with new fluid.
8. Start the engine while simultaneously turning the steering wheel to lock and then immediately turn the ignition switch to the OFF position.
9. Fill the power steering fluid reservoir with the approved power steering fluid.
10. Repeat Steps 8 and 9 , turning the steering wheel in the opposite direction each time, until the fluid exiting the power steering fluid return hose is clean and clear of foreign material.
11. Remove the extension hose from the power steering return hose.
12. Remove the plug from the power steering fluid reservoir inlet port.
13. Install the power steering return hose to the reservoir. Install the clamp.
14. Fill the power steering system. For additional information, refer to «POWER STEERING SYSTEM FILLING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/manual-power-steering/#steering-system-general-information__power-steering-system-filling) .

Power Steering System Purging

SPECIAL TOOL - POWER STEERING SYSTEM PURGING Vacuum Pump Kit 416-D002 (D95L-7559-A) or equivalent Evacuation Cap, Power Steering 211--265 or equivalent

Scheme 22

Scheme 23

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION - POWER STEERING SYSTEM PURGING

1. Remove the power steering pump reservoir cap. Check the fluid.
2. Raise the front wheels off the floor. Refer to «JACKING & LIFTING»(/ford/five-hundred/i-2004-2007/remont/hoistjack/#jacking-lifting) for the procedure.
3. Tightly insert the stopper of the vacuum pump into the reservoir.
4. Start the engine.
5. Install the vacuum pump, apply vacuum, and maintain the maximum vacuum of 68--85 kPa (20--25 in-Hg).
6. If equipped with Hydro-Boost®, apply the brake pedal twice.
7. Cycle the steering wheel fully from stop-to-stop 10 times.
8. Stop the engine.
9. Release the vacuum and remove the vacuum pump.
10. Fill the reservoir. Use approved transmission fluid.
11. Start the engine.
12. Install the vacuum pump. Apply and maintain the maximum vacuum of 68--85 kPa (20--25 in-Hg).
13. Cycle the steering wheel fully from stop-to-stop 10 times.
14. Stop the engine, release the vacuum and remove the vacuum pump.
15. Fill the reservoir as needed and install the reservoir cap.
16. Visually inspect the power steering system for leaks.
17. Fill the reservoir as needed and visually inspect the power steering system for leaks.
18. Install the reservoir cap.

Power Steering System Filling

SPECIAL TOOL - POWER STEERING SYSTEM FILLING Vacuum Pump Kit 416-D002 (D95L-7559-A) or equivalent Evacuation Cap, Power Steering 211--265 or equivalent Fill Adapter Manifold, Power Steering 211--327 or equivalent

Scheme 24

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION - POWER STEERING SYSTEM FILLING

1. Remove the power steering pump reservoir cap.
2. Tightly install the evacuation cap to the power steering pump reservoir.
3. Install the hose from the fill adapter manifold tee to the evacuation cap on the power steering pump reservoir.
4. Install the vacuum pump to the fill adapter manifold control valve.
5. Install the hose to the opposite fill adapter manifold control valve and submerge the open end of the hose into a container of new power steering fluid.
6. Close the fill adapter manifold control valve connected to the power steering fluid container.
7. Open the fill adapter manifold control valve connected to the vacuum pump.
8. Using the vacuum pump, apply 68--85 kPa (20--25 in-Hg) of vacuum to the power steering system.
9. Observe the vacuum gauge for 30 seconds.
10. If the vacuum gauge reading drops more than 3 kPa (0.88 in-Hg), correct any leaks in the power steering system or the filling tools before proceeding.
11. Slowly open the fill adapter manifold control valve connected to the power steering fluid container until power steering fluid completely fills the hose.
12. Close the fill adapter manifold control valve connected to the power steering fluid container.
13. Using the vacuum pump, apply 68--85 kPa (20--25 in-Hg) of vacuum to the power steering system.
14. Close the fill adapter manifold control valve connected to the vacuum pump.
15. Slowly open the fill adapter manifold control valve connected to the power steering fluid container.
16. When the power steering fluid has drained from the hose connected to the power steering fluid container, close the fill adapter manifold control valve connected to the power steering fluid container.
17. Remove the tools from the vehicle.
18. Install the power steering reservoir cap.
19. Start the engine and turn the steering wheel from stop-to-stop.
20. If equipped with Hydro-Boost®, apply the brake pedal twice.
21. Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position.
22. Remove the power steering reservoir cap and fill the reservoir.
23. Install the power steering reservoir cap.

See also:
• POWER STEERING
• STEERING COLUMN
• FRONT SUSPENSION
• SUSPENSION SYSTEM-GENERAL INFORMATION
• REAR SUSPENSION
• ACCESSORY DRIVE
• SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM
• WHEELS & TIRES
• UNI-BODY, SUBFRAME AND MOUNTING SYSTEM
• JACKING & LIFTING
• POWER STEERING SYSTEM PURGING
• POWER STEERING SYSTEM FLUSHING
• SYMPTOM CHART
• PINPOINT TEST A
• PINPOINT TEST B
• PINPOINT TEST C
• PINPOINT TEST D
• STEERING LINKAGE
• COMPONENT TESTS
• General Specifications
• POWER STEERING SYSTEM FILLING