Four-Wheel Drive Systems: Specifications Ford Escape I рестайлинг

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS

The vehicle is equipped with an intelligent 4-wheel drive (4WD) system that is always active and requires no driver input. The system has no mode select switch. The system combines transparent all-surface operation with highly capable 4WD, and is capable of handling all road conditions, including street and highway driving as well as off-road and winter driving.

The 4WD system continuously monitors vehicle conditions and automatically adjusts the torque distribution between the front and rear wheels. During normal operation, most of the torque is sent to the front wheels. If wheel slip between the front and rear wheels is detected, or if the vehicle is under heavy acceleration (high throttle position), the 4WD system increases torque to the rear wheels to prevent or control wheel slip.

The 4WD system consists of a transfer case, rear driveshaft, coupling device, coupling device control module (4WD control module) and rear axle.

The 4WD control module varies the torque sent to the rear wheels by sending a duty cycle (percentage of time the coupling is turned ON) to the active torque coupling device located inside the rear axle. The 4WD control module also provides the brake system with its current clutch duty cycle and whether or not the brake system may take command of the clutch duty cycle.

Note. The active torque coupling is not repairable. If replacement is required, the active torque coupling and rear axle are replaced as an assembly. For additional information, refer to REAR DRIVE AXLE-DIFFERENTIAL .

The transfer case is a gearbox that attaches to the transaxle. On automatic transaxle vehicles, the right hand halfshaft passes through the transfer case and engages the differential side gear as in normal FWD applications. The transfer case directs power to the rear driveshaft through a helical gear spline coupled to the transaxle differential case, a helical gear drop (idler gear) and a hypoid/helical ring gear assembly and pinion set.

Note. Repair of the transfer case is limited to seals, gaskets and output flanges. If any of the geared components, bearings, case cover or internal shafts fail, a new transfer case must be installed.

The transfer case is sealed from the transaxle and has its own oil sump. The transfer case on an automatic transaxle vehicle uses 350 ml (12 oz.) of SAE 75W-140 gear lubricant. The transfer case on a manual transaxle vehicle uses 350 ml (12 oz.) of SAE 80W-90 gear lubricant.

The active, on-demand 4WD system uses data from other systems as inputs to the 4WD control module. The 4WD control module uses the inputs to determine the appropriate amount of current to send to the active torque coupling that delivers the desired torque to the rear wheels. Specific inputs to the 4WD control module are

1. throttle position.
2. transaxle range from the powertrain control module (PCM).
3. brake system status from the anti-lock brake system (ABS).
4. wheel speed from all 4 wheels from the ABS. Some outputs of the 4WD control module are
5. solid-state clutch (pulse-width modulated signal) to the active torque coupling.
6. 4WD indicator received by the instrument cluster.
7. percent of torque transfer commanded signal to the PCM.
8. torque request available signal to the ABS.

PINPOINT TEST G: VEHICLE HAS NO OR INADEQUATE TORQUE AT REAR WHEELS

Note. Conduct steps 1 -7 outlined in Inspection and Verification prior to performing this test.

Scheme 1

Scheme 2

Scheme 3

Scheme 4

Scheme 5

1. G1 CHECK FOR 4WD CONTROL MODULE DTCs Carry out the 4WD control module self-test. Are any DTCs received? Yes : For DTC P1635, GO to G2. For DTC P1824 or P1825, GO to G3. For all other DTCs, REFER to the «FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) CONTROL MODULE DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) INDEX»(ref-232198-S13349019762006051600000) . No : GO to G3.
2. G2 CHECK FOR CORRECT WHEEL SPEEDS Enter the following diagnostic mode on the diagnostic tool: PID/DATA Monitor and Record. Monitor the wheel speed PIDs while driving the vehicle at a constant speed of 48 km/h (30 mph). Are all four wheel speeds within 3 km/h (1.8 mph) of each other? Yes : GO to «PINPOINT TEST J»(ref-232198-S22140825322006051600000) . No : REFER to «ANTI-LOCK CONTROL»(ref-232241) for further diagnosis of the anti-lock brake system (ABS).
3. G3 CHECK CIRCUITS 772 (LB) AND 774 (LG) FOR A SHORT TO GROUND WITH ACTIVE TORQUE COUPLING CONNECTED Key in OFF position. Disconnect: 4WD Control Module C3253. Measure the resistance between the 4WD control module C3253-8, circuit 772 (LB), harness side and ground; and between the 4WD control module C3253-16, circuit 774 (LG), harness side and ground. Are the resistances greater than 10,000 ohms? Yes : GO to G5. No : GO to G4.
4. G4 CHECK CIRCUITS 772 (LB) AND 774 (LG) FOR A SHORT TO GROUND Disconnect: Active Torque Coupling C3254. Measure the resistance between the 4WD control module C3253-8, circuit 772 (LB), harness side and ground; and between the resistance between the 4WD control module C3253-16, circuit 774 (LG), harness side and ground. Are the resistances greater than 10,000 ohms? Yes : INSTALL a new rear axle assembly. REFER to «DRIVELINE SYSTEM-GENERAL INFORMATION»(ref-232189) . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. No : REPAIR the circuit in question. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
5. G5 CHECK CIRCUITS 772 (LB) AND 774 (LG) FOR AN OPEN WITH ACTIVE TORQUE COUPLING CONNECTED Measure the resistance between the 4WD control module C3253-8, circuit 772 (LB), harness side and the 4WD control module C3253-16, circuit 774 (LG), harness side. Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? Yes : GO to G8. No : GO to G6.
6. G6 CHECK CIRCUIT 772 (LB) AND 774 (LG) FOR AN OPEN Disconnect: Active Torque Coupling C3254. Measure the resistance between the 4WD control module C3253-8, circuit 772 (LB), harness side and the active torque coupling C3254-1, circuit 774 (LG), harness side. Measure the resistance between the 4WD control module C3253-16, circuit 772 (LB), harness side and the active torque coupling C3254-2, circuit 774 (LG), harness side. Are the resistances less than 5 ohms? Yes : GO to G7. No : REPAIR the circuit in question. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
7. G7 CHECK THE ACTIVE TORQUE COUPLING FOR AN INTERNAL OPEN Measure the resistance between the active torque coupling C3254-1, circuit 772 (LB), component side, and the active torque coupling C3254-2, circuit 774 (LG), component side. Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? Yes : CONNECT the active torque coupling C3254 and make sure the connector seats correctly. GO to G10. No : INSTALL a new rear axle assembly. REFER to «DRIVELINE SYSTEM-GENERAL INFORMATION»(ref-232189) . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
8. G8 CHECK CIRCUIT 57 (BK) FOR AN OPEN Measure the resistance between the 4WD control module C3253-15, circuit 57 (BK), harness side and ground. Is the resistance less than 5 ohms? Yes : GO to G9. No : REPAIR the circuit. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
9. G9 CHECK THE 4WD CONTROL MODULE POWER CIRCUITS Key in ON position. Measure the voltage between the 4WD control module C3253-6, circuit 704 (DG/LG), harness side and ground; and between the 4WD control module C3253-5, circuit 1003 (GY/YE), harness side and ground. Are the voltages greater than 10 volts? Yes : GO to G10. No : REPAIR the circuit in question. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
10. G10 CHECK FOR CORRECT 4WD CONTROL MODULE OPERATION Disconnect the 4WD control module. Check for: corrosion pushed-out pins Connect the 4WD control module and make sure it seats correctly. Operate the system and determine if the concern is still present. Is the concern still present? Yes : INSTALL a new 4WD control module. REFER to «FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE (4WD) CONTROL MODULE»(ref-232198-S01342479982006051600000) . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test. No : The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.