Fastener Tightening Specifications
| Application | Specification |
| Metric | English |
| Frame Brace Bolts | 100 N.m | 74 lb ft |
| Drive Train and Front Suspension Reinforcement Bolts | 50 N.m | 37 lb ft |
Scheme 1
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| A | 252.0 | 9.92 |
| B | 697.0 | 27.44 |
| C | 697.0 | 27.44 |
| D | 200.0 | 7.87 |
| E | 600.0 | 23.62 |
| F | 827.0 | 32.62 |
| G | 1,100.0 | 43.31 |
| H | 1,295.0 | 54.88 |
| I | 178.0 | 17.01 |
| J | 478.0 | 18.82 |
| K | 281.0 | 11.06 |
| L | 920.0 | 36.22 |
| M | 1,043.0 | 41.02 |
| N | 1,394.0 | 54.88 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Scheme 2
Scheme 2: Engine Compartment
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| A | 1422 | 55.98 |
| B | 1,367 | 53.82 |
| C | 606.0 | 23.86 |
| D | 1,076 | 42.36 |
| E | 1,321 | 52.01 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Engine Compartment Dimensions
Scheme 3
Scheme 3: Back Panel Lower (Notch Back)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| A | 1445 | 56.89 |
| B | 1,303 | 51.30 |
| C | 990 | 38.98 |
| D | 861 | 33.90 |
| E | 280 | 11.02 |
| F | 515 | 20.28 |
| G | 215 | 8.46 |
| H | 616 | 24.25 |
| I | 1,051 | 41.38 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Back Panel Lower (Notch Back) Dimensions
Scheme 4
Scheme 4: Side Outer (Notch Back)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the designated position and opposite position shown in illustrations, outside-to-outside. |
| A | 350.0 | 13.78 |
| B | 1091.0 | 42.95 |
| C | 1074.0 | 42.28 |
| D | 1147.0 | 45.16 |
| E | 992.0 | 39.06 |
| F | 879.0 | 34.61 |
| G | 1048.0 | 41.26 |
| H | 429.0 | 16.89 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the designated position and opposite position shown in illustrations, outside-to-outside. |
Side Outer Dimensions (Notch Back)
Scheme 5
Scheme 5: Frame Door Opening - Front (Notch Back)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| 1 | 1,400 | 55.12 |
| 2 | 1,355 | 53.35 |
| 3 | 1,191 | 46.89 |
| 4 | 1,119 | 44.06 |
| 5 | 1389 | 54.69 |
| 6 | 1,402 | 55.20 |
| 7 | 1,404 | 55.20 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Frame Door Opening - Front (Notch Back) Dimensions
Frame Door Opening - Rear (Notch Back)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| 1 | 1,402 | 55.20 |
| 2 | 1,393 | 54.84 |
| 3 | 1,120 | 44.09 |
| 4 | 1,108 | 43.62 |
| 5 | 1,295 | 50.98 |
| 6 | 1,356 | 53.39 |
| 7 | 1,404 | 55.28 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Frame Door Opening - Rear (Notch Back) Dimensions
Scheme 6
Scheme 6: Hatch Back (Three Door) - Front Door Opening
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| 1 | 1,393.0 | 54.84 |
| 2 | 1,355.2 | 53.35 |
| 3 | 1,295.6 | 51.01 |
| 4 | 1,189.2 | 46.82 |
| 5 | 1,133.6 | 44.63 |
| 6 | 1,108.2 | 43.63 |
| 7 | 1,110.2 | 43.71 |
| 8 | 1,200.2 | 47.25 |
| 9 | 1,385.0 | 54.53 |
| 10 | 1,399.4 | 55.09 |
| 11 | 1,404.0 | 55.28 |
| 12 | 1,404.0 | 55.28 |
| 13 | 1,404.0 | 55.28 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Hatch Back (Three Door) - Front Door Opening
Scheme 7
Scheme 7: Hatch Back (Five Door) - Front Door Opening
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| 1 | 1,385.6 | 54.53 |
| 2 | 1,356.4 | 53.39 |
| 3 | 1,292.21 | 50.87 |
| 4 | 1,211.4 | 47.68 |
| 5 | 1,148 | 45.20 |
| 6 | 1,144.4 | 45.04 |
| 7 | 1,098.4 | 43.23 |
| 8 | 1,226.8 | 48.27 |
| 9 | 1,392 | 54.80 |
| 10 | 1,403 | 55.24 |
| 11 | 1,405.4 | 55.31 |
| 12 | 1,405.4 | 55.31 |
| 13 | 1,405.4 | 55.31 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Hatch Back (Five Door) - Front Door Opening
Hatch Back (Three Door) - Rear Window Opening
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| 14 | 1,453.2 | 57.21 |
| 15 | 1,344.0 | 52.91 |
| 16 | 1,192.2 | 46.94 |
| 17 | 1,187.6 | 46.76 |
| 18 | 1222.6 | 48.13 |
| 19 | 1,395.8 | 54.95 |
| 20 | 1,439.2 | 56.66 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Hatch Back (Three Door) - Rear Door Opening
Hatch Back (Five Door) - Rear Door Opening
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| 1 | 1,403.4 | 55.24 |
| 2 | 1,396 | 54.96 |
| 3 | 1,222.6 | 48.11 |
| 4 | 1,086.6 | 42.72 |
| 5 | 1,081.6 | 42.56 |
| 6 | 1,080 | 42.52 |
| 7 | 1,173.8 | 46.18 |
| 8 | 1,304.2 | 51.34 |
| 9 | 1,343.2 | 52.87 |
| 10 | 1,368.2 | 53.86 |
| 11 | 1,394.8 | 54.88 |
| 12 | 1,405.4 | 55.31 |
| 13 | 1,405.4 | 55.31 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Hatch Back (Five Door) - Rear Door Opening
Scheme 8
Scheme 8: Windshield and Rear Glass (Hatch Back)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| A | 1,106 | 43.54 |
| B | 1,426 | 56.14 |
| C | 1,398 | 54.84 |
| D | 703 | 27.68 |
| E | 1,021 | 40.20 |
| F | 1,226 | 48.27 |
| G | 348 | 15.12 |
| H | 1,328 | 52.28 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Windshield and Rear Glass (Hatch Back)
Scheme 9
Scheme 9: Windshield and Rear Glass (Notch Back)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| A | 1,052 | 41.42 |
| B | 1,415 | 55.71 |
| C | 1,368 | 53.86 |
| D | 749 | 29.49 |
| E | 957 | 37.68 |
| F | 1,222 | 48.11 |
| G | 631 | 24.84 |
| H | 1,143 | 45.00 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Windshield and Rear Glass (Notch Back) Dimensions
Scheme 10
Scheme 10: Gap Chart - Hatch Back
| Description | Location | Gap | Description | Location | Gap |
| IMPORTANT: Inspect for the following Items: Proper installation Clearance and level differences of main body, exterior panels, lamps and bumper Waterleaks in passenger and luggage compartment |
| Hood - Radiator Grille | A | 4.7 + 0.5 mm (0.185 + 0.020 in) | Tailgate - Tail Lamp | F | 3.4 ± 1 mm (0.134 ± 0.039 in) |
| Hood - Fender | B | 2.4 ± 0.5 mm (0.094 ± 0.020 in) | Side Outer - Tailgate | G | 4.0 ± 1 mm (0.157 ± 0.039 in) |
| Hood - Headlamp | C | 4.8 ± 0.5 mm (0.189 ± 0.020 in) | Hood - Front Bumper | H | 5.0 ± 1 mm (0.200 ± 0.039 in) |
| Tailgate - Tailgate Glass | D | 4.0 ± 1 mm (0.157 ± 0.039 in) | Side Outer - Rear Bumper | I | 2.0 ± 0.5 mm (0.078 ± 0.020 in) |
| Tailgate - Roof | E | 5.09 ± 1 mm (0.232 ± 0.039 in) | Tailgate - Rear Bumper | J | 5.0 ± 1 mm (0.200 ± 0.039 in) |
| IMPORTANT |
| Inspect for the following Items: Proper installation Clearance and level differences of main body, exterior panels, lamps and bumper Waterleaks in passenger and luggage compartment |
Gap Chart - Notch Back
| IMPORTANT | Inspect for the following Items: Proper installation Clearance and level differences of main body, exterior panels, lamps and bumper Waterleaks in passenger and luggage compartment |
Scheme 11
| Description | Location | Gap | Description | Location | Gap |
| Trunk Lid - Rear Bumper | A | 5.0 + 2 mm (0.197 + 0.079 in) | Quarter Panel - Rear Bumper | F | 0.0 + 0.05 mm (0.0 + 0.020 in) |
| Trunk Lid - Tail Lamp | B | 3.5 + 1 mm (0.138 + 0.039 in) | Quarter Panel - Tail Lamp | G | 2.0 + 0.05 mm (0.079 + 0.020 in) |
| Trunk Lid - Quarter Panel | C | 3.0 + 1.0 mm (0.118 + 0.039 in) | Rear Bumper - Tail Lamp | H | 2.0 + 1 mm (0.079 + 0.039 in) |
| Quarter Panel - Tail Lamp | D | 2.0 + 0.50 mm (0.079 + 0.020 in) | Trunk Lid - Rear Bumper | I | 3.5 + 1.0 mm (0.138 + 0.039 in) |
| Fuel Filler Door - Quarter Panel | E | 3.0 + 0.05 mm (0.118 + 0.020 in) | | | |
Gap Chart - Notch Back Measurements
Gap Chart - Doors
| IMPORTANT | Inspect for the following Items: Proper installation Clearance and level differences of main body, exterior panels, lamps and bumper Waterleaks in passenger and luggage compartment |
Scheme 12
| Description | Location | Gap | Description | Location | Gap |
| Fender - Front Door | A | 3.5 + 1.0 mm (0.138 + 0.039 in) | Front Door - Roof | G | 4.0 ± 1 mm (0.157 ± 0.039 in) |
| Front Door - Rocker Panel | B | 5.0 ± 1 mm (0.200 ± 0.039 in) | Rear Door - Roof | H | 4.0 + 1.0 mm (0.157 + 0.039 in) |
| Front Door - Windshield Pillar | C | 4.0 ± 1 mm (0.161 ± 0.039 in) | Rear Door - Rear Quarter Upper Trim Panel | I | 4.0 ± 1 mm (0.157 ± 0.039 in) |
| Front Door - Side Outer | D | 4.0 ± 1 mm (0.157 ± 0.039 in) | Rear Door - Side Outer | J | 3.5 + 1.0 mm (0.138 + 0.039 in) |
| Front Door - Rear Door | E | 4.0 ± 1 mm (0.157 ± 0.039 in) | Rear Door - Front Door | K | 4.0 + 1.0 mm (0.157 + 0.039 in) |
| Rear Door - Rocker Panel | F | 5.0 ± 1 mm (0.200 ± 0.039 in) | Rear Door - Quarter Panel | L | 3.5 + 1.0 mm (0.138 + 0.039 in) |
Gap Chart - Doors Measurements
Scheme 13
Scheme 13: Floor Pan (Three Door Hatchback)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| A | 712.7 | 28.06 |
| B | 836.7 | 32.94 |
| C | 1,170.0 | 46.06 |
| D | 1,560.5 | 61.43 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Scheme 14
Scheme 14: Floor Pan (Five Door Hatchback)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| A | 654 | 25.75 |
| B | 855.6 | 33.66 |
| C | 1,557.5 | 61.30 |
| D | 1,170 | 46.06 |
| E | 1,086.6 | 42.76 |
| F | 1,282 | 50.47 |
| G | 1,529.4 | 60.20 |
| H | 1,051.7 | 41.38 |
| I | 1,462 | 57.56 |
| J | 1,544 | 60.79 |
| K | 2,295 | 90.35 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Scheme 15
Scheme 15: Floor Pan (Notchback)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| IMPORTANT: Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
| A | 1,161 | 45.71 |
| B | 1,028 | 40.72 |
| C | 869 | 34.21 |
| IMPORTANT |
| Reference dimensions show the distance between the center of positioning holes shown in illustrations. |
Dimensions - Body Specifications
| Application | Specification |
| Metric | English |
| Overall Length |
| Four Door | 4 310 mm | 169.7 in |
| Five Door | 3 880 mm | 152.6 in |
| Overhang - Front |
| Four Door | 833 mm | 32.8 in |
| Five Door | 813 mm | 32.0 in |
| Overhang - Rear |
| Four Door | 997 mm | 39.5 in |
| Five Door | 587 mm | 23.1 in |
| Overall Width Four Door | 1 710 mm | 69.3 in |
| Overall Width Five Door | 1 670 mm | 65.7 in |
| Overall Height Four Door | 1 505 mm | 59.3 in |
| Overall Height Five Door | 1 495 mm | 58.9 in |
| Minimum Ground Clearance Four Door | 155 mm | 6.1 in |
| Minimum Ground Clearance Five Door | 150 mm | 5.9 in |
| Wheel Base | 2 480 mm | 97.6 in |
| Tread |
| Front | 1 450 mm | 57.1 in |
| Rear Four Door | 1 430 mm | 56.3 in |
| Rear Five Door | 1 410 mm | 55.1 in |
| Application | Specification |
| Metric | English |
| Manual |
| Curb Weight - Standard | 1 010 kg | 2 227 lb |
| Curb Weight - Optional | 1 065 kg | 2 348 lb |
| Gross Vehicle Weight | 1 505 kg | 3 318 lb |
| Automatic |
| Curb Weight - Standard | 1 015 kg | 2 237 lb |
| Curb Weight - Optional | 1 070 kg | 2 358 lb |
| Gross Vehicle Weight | 1 510 kg | 3 329 lb |
| Passenger Capacity | 5 |
Vehicle Weights - Four Door
| Application | Specification |
| Metric | English |
| Manual |
| Curb Weight - Standard | 1 000 kg | 2 205 lb |
| Curb Weight - Optional | 1 055 kg | 2 326 lb |
| Gross Vehicle Weight | 1 505 kg | 3 318 lb |
| Automatic |
| Curb Weight - Standard | 1 005 kg | 2 216 lb |
| Curb Weight - Optional | 1 060 kg | 2 237 lb |
| Gross Vehicle Weight | 1 510 kg | 3 329 lb |
| Passenger Capacity | 5 |
Vehicle Weights - Five Door
Scheme 16
Scheme 16: Body Side View (Notchback)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| A | 374 mm | 14.72 in |
| B | 292.1 mm | 11.5 in |
| C | 2,480 mm | 97.63 in |
| D | 313.1 mm | 12.32 in |
| E | 786.2 mm | 30.95 in |
| F | 411.4 mm | 16.19 in |
| G | 474.8 mm | 18.69 in |
| H | 1,128.8 mm | 44.44 in |
| I | 490 mm | 19.29 in |
| J | 432.6 mm | 17.03 in |
| K | 218 mm | 8.6 in |
Body Side View Dimensions(Notchback)
Scheme 17
Scheme 17: Underbody Reference Points (Notchback)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| A | 20 mm | 0.78 in |
| B | 12 mm | 0.47 in |
| C | 11 mm | 0.43 in |
| D | 16 mm | 0.62 in |
| E | 10 mm | 0.39 in |
| F | 14 mm | 0.55 in |
Underbody Reference Points Measurements (Notchback)
Scheme 18
Scheme 18: Underbody Frame (Notchback)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| A | 422 | 16.61 |
| B | 909 | 35.79 |
| C | 1,062.6 | 41.81 |
| D | 657 | 25.87 |
| E | 1,147.6 | 45.16 |
| F | 1,128 | 44.41 |
| G | 1,052 | 41.42 |
| H | 1,087 | 42.80 |
| I | 1,458 | 57.40 |
| J | 1,240 | 48.82 |
| K | 1,099 | 43.27 |
| L | 1,272 | 50.10 |
| M | 564 | 22.20 |
| N | 270 | 10.63 |
| O | 1,110 | 43.70 |
| P | 1,015.2 | 39.96 |
| Q | 935.4 | 36.81 |
| R | 595 | 23.43 |
Underbody Frame Dimensions (Notchback)
Scheme 19
Scheme 19: Rear Underbody (Notchback)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| A | 595 mm | 23.43 in |
| B | 320 mm | 12.60 in |
| C | 1,373 mm | 54.06 in |
| D | 1,479 mm | 58.23 in |
| E | 1,492 mm | 58.74 in |
| F | 1,421 mm | 55.94 in |
| G | 564 mm | 22.20 in |
| H | 890 mm | 35.04 in |
| I | 692 mm | 27.24 in |
| J | 364 mm | 14.38 in |
| K | 229 mm | 9.02 in |
| L | 499 mm | 19.65 in |
| M | 250 mm | 8.94 in |
Rear Underbody Dimensions (Notchback)
Rear Frame (Notchback)
| Points | Dimensions (mm) | Dimensions (in) |
| A | 564 mm | 22.20 in |
| B | 1,361 mm | 53.58 in |
| C | 1,487 mm | 58.54 in |
| D | 1,699 mm | 66.89 in |
| E | 1,491 mm | 58.70 in |
| F | 1,182 mm | 46.54 in |
| G | 1,191 mm | 46.89 in |
| H | 1,498 mm | 58.98 in |
| I | 1,706 mm | 67.17 in |
| J | 1,519 mm | 59.80 in |
| K | 1,373 mm | 54.06 in |
| L | 657 mm | 25.87 in |
| M | 440 mm | 17.32 in |
| N | 341 mm | 1.34 in |
Rear Frame Dimensions (Notchback)
Removal Procedure
- Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/chevrolet/aveo/i-2006-2012/remont/hoistjack/#general-information__lifting-and-jacking-the-vehicle) .
- Remove the bolts (1) from the frame brace (2).
- Remove the frame brace (2) from the vehicle.
Installation Procedure
- Install the frame brace (2) from the vehicle.
- Install the bolts (1) to the frame brace (2) and tighten to 100 N.m (74 lb ft).
- Lower the vehicle.
- Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/chevrolet/aveo/i-2006-2012/remont/hoistjack/#general-information__lifting-and-jacking-the-vehicle) .
- Remove the bolts (1) from the frame reinforcement (2).
- Remove the frame reinforcement (2) from the vehicle.
- Install the frame reinforcement (2) from the vehicle.
- Install the bolts (1) to the frame reinforcement (2) and tighten to 50 N.m (37 lb ft).
- Lower the vehicle.
Underbody Inspection
An accurate method of determining the alignment of the underbody uses a measuring tram gage. The tram gage set used to perform the recommended measuring checks must include a vertical pointer able to reach 457 mm (18 in).
Two types of measurements can be made with a tram gage: direct point-to-point measurements and measurements calculated on a horizontal plane, datum line, parallel to the underbody. Point-to-point measurements are generally taken on steering and suspension engine compartment parts and simply require the vertical pointers to be set equally.
For horizontal plane measurements, the vertical pointers must be set as specified for each point to be measured.
Dimensions-to-gage holes are measured to the center of the holes and flush to the adjacent surface metal unless otherwise specified. It is recommended that the diagonal dimensions to the cross-body be checked on both sides in order to verify the dimensional accuracy of the vehicle underbody.
Floor Pan Insulators
The floor pan insulators have been designed for the higher floor pan temperatures that result from the use of the catalytic converter in the exhaust system. Therefore, when servicing a vehicle, it is essential that any insulators that may have been disturbed or removed be reinstalled in the original sequence and location. Also, an insulator needs to be replaced. Use only the insulation specified for that location on the floor pan.
When servicing or replacing interior insulators, observe the following instructions
- Install the insulators in the original position and sequence. Butt the pieces together in order to avoid gapping or overlapping.
- If it is necessary to replace an insulator, use only the specified insulation.
- Use the original part to determine the amount of replacement material required and as a template for cutting and fitting the new piece to the floor pan.
- When installing the insulator, do not enlarge any cutouts or holes that are used for the attachment of interior parts such as the instrument panel or the floor console.
- Route the cross-body harness for interior parts over the floor pan insulators. Clip it in the original location.
- Do not apply spray-on deadeners or trim adhesives to the top of the floor pan at the area directly over the catalytic converter or the muffler.
This vehicle is constructed with a unitized body which incorporates integral front and rear frame side rails.
The front suspension lower control arms are bolted to and retained by supports, one each on the right and left sides. The front suspension lower control arm supports are attached to the underbody with 3 bolts at 2 locations. The engine is bolted to the integral front side rails. The suspension strut towers must be dimensionally correct in relation to the remainder of the underbody in order to maintain specified suspension strut and caster/camber angles.
Since the individual underbody parts contribute directly to the overall strength of the body, it is essential to observe proper welding techniques during service repair operations. The underbody parts should be properly sealed and rustproofed whenever body repair operations destroy or damage the original sealing and rustproofing. When rustproofing critical underbody parts, use a good-quality type of air-dry primer, such as a corrosion resistant chromate or an equivalent material. Combination-type primer/surfacers are not recommended.
Engine Under Covers
The engine under covers are molded pieces of plastic that serve as shields for the underside of the engine. The covers help protect the engine from small rocks, gravel and other objects that would otherwise come into contact with the engine during normal driving conditions.
Frame Reference Point Description
Whenever possible, make judgements and conclusions based on measurement. Measure the wheel alignments so as to prevent any future trouble like unsymmetrical wear of the tires or catching of the steering wheel.
- If there are any deviations, use a tram tracking gage and measure parts of the body (A).
- If there is any twisting to the body, measure using a frame centering gage (B). Specifications Pointer B - Short pointer height adjustment 15-290 mm (0.59-11.42 in) Pointer B - Long pointer height adjustment 185-450 mm (7.28-17.72 in)
- When measuring body dimensions, use a universal tram gage (C).
Scheme 20
| Callout | Component Name |
| 1 | Adjust Screw A |
| 2 | Pointer C Holder |
| 3 | Reference Scale |
| 4 | Expanding/Contracting Scale |
| 5 | Pointer B |
| 6 | Adjust Screw C |
| 7 | Adjust Screw B |
| 8 | Pointer C |
| 9 | Adjust to the Diameter of the Wheel Disc |
| 10 | Adjust to the Vehicle |
| 11 | Pointer A |
| 12 | Clip |
| 13 | Set Screw |
| 14 | Move Within A Range of 250-1,570 mm (9.84-61.81 in) |
| 15 | Frame |
| 16 | Pointer 4 |
| 17 | Set Ring |
| 18 | Height |
Welding Description
| IMPORTANT | Remember to remove all paint and other impurities from the surface of the material you intend to weld for reliable results. |
Spot welding is also known as resistance spot welding and it is the most suitable method of welding for automobiles. It has 3 main features
- The welding can be performed instantaneously
- It exercises very little effect on the original material
- It reduces the generation of distortion to the absolute minimum
Scheme 21
Scheme 21: Welding Conditions
When performing spot welding (3), make absolutely sure that you conform to the conditions governed by the current (2), conductivity time (1), welding pressure, holding time, and shutdown time recommended for the spot welder.
Scheme 22
Scheme 22: Plate Thickness and Minimum Welding Pitch
When the welding intervals (1) are too small, this leads to branching, making it impossible to maintain the desired soldering state.
| Metric | English |
| Plate Thickness | 0.6 mm | 0.024 in |
| Minimum Intervals | 0.9 mm | 0.035 in |
| 1.2 mm | 0.047 in |
| 1.6 mm | 0.063 in |
| 11 mm | 0.433 in |
| 16 mm | 0.630 in |
| 20 mm | 0.787 in |
| 24 mm | 0.944 in |
Scheme 23
Scheme 23: Plate Thickness and Tip Diameter
| Metric | English |
| Plate Thickness | 0.6 mm | 0.024 in |
| Minimum Tip Diameter (1) | 0.9 mm | 0.035 in |
| 1.2 mm | 0.047 in |
| 1.6 mm | 0.063 in |
| 4.5 mm | 0.177 in |
| 5.0 mm | 0.197 in |
| 5.5 mm | 0.217 in |
| 6.0 mm | 0.236 in |
Scheme 24
Scheme 24: Welding Strength Test
Even if you perform the welding in accordance with the conditions, the strength of the welded sections may fluctuate widely with drops in the voltage and other factors. The quality of the welding cannot be evaluated unless the welded sections are destroyed.
Provide yourself with a steel plate of the same thickness and conduct a destruction test.
- If holes appear in the steel plates (1, 4), this means that the welding is standard strength.
- Drive a wedge (2) between 2 panels near the nugget. If the welded parts do not come apart and the diameter of the nugget (3) appears more than 3 mm, the welding should be satisfactory.
| IMPORTANT | It is difficult to perform spot welding in the following circumstances. When it is not possible to remove any rust or paint attached to the welding surfaces. When the tip of the spot welder cannot be inserted into the welding section. When the welding surfaces can be seen from the outside and welding will impair the exterior appearance. |
In all these cases, it is recommended that the gas welding method be employed. However, if it is not possible to perform spot welding because of space restrictions, plug welding based on the arc welding method may be performed instead. Here the welding sections must be close together.
Gas Welding
Gas welding is indispensable for body repair because of the broad range of its applications from joining the body panels, cutting the materials that construct the body and applying heat to reform panels and also because it is easy to get hold of the tools. However, this method requires experience.
Scheme 25
| Callout | Component Name |
| 1 | Gas Adjuster |
| 2 | Cutter |
| 3 | Welder |
| 4 | Oxygen/Acetylene Tanks |
| 5 | Butt Welding |
| 6 | Fillet Welding or Soldering |
| 7 | Drilling and Plug Welding |
Scheme 26
The illustration is an example of how not to perform gas welding, avoid operations like the following
- Welding the bending angle of a flange (1)
- Melting the finger end of a flange (2)
Carbon Dioxide Arc Welder (MIG ARC Welding)
This welding process uses inexpensive carbon dioxide instead of expensive inert gases as a shielding means. Consumable metal electrodes are employed. It has a wide range of applications, including butt welding of thin plate, fillet welding, plug welding, and MIG spot welding. In terms of the weld strength, it is also highly stable.
Scheme 27
Scheme 27: Carbon Dioxide Arc Welder (MIG ARC Welding)
| Callout | Component Name |
| 1 | Single Phase 110V/Three Phase 200-240V |
| 2 | Gas Regulator |
| 3 | Carbon Dioxide or Argon and Carbon Dioxide |
| 4 | Welding Power Supply (Built in Wire Feed Mechanism) |
| 5 | Welding Torch |
| 6 | Work Piece |
| 7 | Work Cable |
| 8 | Ground Wire |
| 9 | Input Cable |
| 10 | Gas Hose |
| 11 | Butt Weld |
| 12 | Fillet Weld |
| 13 | Spot Weld |
| 14 | Plug Weld |