Contents Wiring diagrams Section: Automatic HVAC System All sections

HVAC System - Automatic: Overview Cadillac STS I

Automatic HVAC System 11 illustrations ~1447 words

HVAC Schematic Icons

HVAC Schematic Icons Icon Icon Definition CAUTION: When performing service on or near the SIR components or the SIR wiring, the SIR system must be disabled. Refer to SIR Disabling and Enabling Zones. Failure to observe the correct procedure could cause deployment of the SIR components, personal injury, or unnecessary SIR system repairs

Scheme 1

Scheme 1: HVAC Schematics

Scheme 2

Scheme 2

Scheme 3

Scheme 3

Scheme 4

Scheme 4

Scheme 5

Scheme 5

Scheme 6

Scheme 6: HVAC Component Views
CalloutComponent Name
1A/C Condenser
2A/C Compressor
3A/C Compressor Clutch
4A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor

Scheme 7

Scheme 7
CalloutComponent Name
1Coolant Level Switch
2Coolant Recovery Reservoir

Scheme 8

Scheme 8
CalloutComponent Name
1Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Connector
2Ambient Air Temperature Sensor
3Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) (LHD shown, RHD similar)
4Radio
5HVAC Control Module
6Sunload Sensor Connector
7Speaker - Front Center (U57)
8Radio
9Sunload Sensor
10Trim Panel - I/P Center

Scheme 9

Scheme 9
CalloutComponent Name
1Mode Actuator
2Evaporator Temperature Sensor
3C214
4Recirculation Actuator
5C200
6Blower Motor
7Blower Controller
8Air Temperature Actuator - Front Passenger
9Thermostatic Expansion Valve
10HVAC Control Module Mode Switch - Rear Auxiliary
11HVAC Control Module Temperature Switch - Rear Auxiliary
12Mode Actuator - Auxiliary
13HVAC Box
14Air Temperature Actuator - Rear Passenger
15Air Temperature Actuator - Driver

Scheme 10

Scheme 10
CalloutComponent Name
1Dash Board
2Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC)
3Ignition Mode Switch
4Air Temperature Sensor - Inside
5I/P Dimmer Switch/HUD Switches w/ UV6

Scheme 11

Scheme 11
CalloutComponent Name
1Air Quality Sensor (K14)
2Ambient Air Temperature Sensor
3Hood Ajar Switch Connector

Test Description

The numbers below refer to the step numbers on the diagnostic table.

  1. 6: The ambient air temperature must be above 3°C (38°F) for this A/C compressor test.
  2. 7: The specified values are from the A/C System Performance Test.
StepActionValuesYesNo
Schematic Reference: HVAC Schematics Connector End View Reference: HVAC Connector End Views DEFINITION: The temperature cannot be adjusted, or cooling is insufficient during A/C operation.
1Did you perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle?Go to Step 2Go to Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle in Vehicle DTC Information
2Place the blower motor switch in each speed position. Does the blower motor operate in any speed position?Go to Step 3Go to Blower Motor Inoperative
3Does the blower motor operate at the desired speeds?Go to Step 4Go to Blower Motor Malfunction
4Start the engine. Place the mode switch in the panel position. Place the recirculation switch in the ON position. Observe the recirculation door. Place the recirculation switch in the OFF position. Does the recirculation door move from the recirculation position to the outside air position?Go to Step 5Go to Air Recirculation Malfunction
5Does the customer concern occur when the air conditioning is ON?Go to Step 6Go to Step 8
6IMPORTANT: The ambient air temperature must be above 3°C (38°F). Start the engine. Place the left air temperature switch in the coldest position. Place the mode switch in the bi-level position. Place the A/C request switch to the ON position. Does the A/C compressor operate?Go to Step 7Go to HVAC Compressor Clutch Does Not Engage
7Perform the A/C system performance test. Refer to Air Conditioning (A/C) System Performance Test (LH2 w/ Standard Cooling) or Air Conditioning (A/C) System Performance Test (LY7 w/Standard Cooling) or Air Conditioning (A/C) System Performance Test (LH2 w/ Heavy Duty Cooling) or Air Conditioning (A/C) System Performance Test (LY7 w/ Heavy Duty Cooling) in Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. Did you find and correct the condition?Go to Step 25Go to Step 8
8Inspect the inside air temperature sensor for proper installation. Refer to Inside Air Temperature Sensor Replacement . Did you find and correct the condition?Go to Step 25Go to Step 9
9Turn ON the ignition with the engine OFF. Place the mode switch in panel position. Place the blower motor switch in maximum speed position. Inspect for airflow through the inside air temperature sensor by placing a 5 cm (2 in) square piece of paper over the sensor air inlet. Does the paper stay in place?Go to Step 10Go to Step 16
10Install a thermometer near the inside air temperature sensor. With a scan tool, observe the Inside Air Temp parameter in the Climate Control Panel data list. Does the scan tool indicate the sensor temperatures is within 3°C (5°F) of the thermometer temperature?Go to Step 11Go to Step 14
11Turn OFF the ignition. Cover the sunload sensor. Start the engine. Adjust driver side temperature to 22°C (72°F). With a scan tool, observe the Driver and Passenger Solar Sensor parameter in the Climate Control Panel Open/Short data list. Is the Solar Sensor parameter greater than the specified value?220 CountsGo to Step 12Go to Step 19
12Uncover the sunload sensor. Direct a light source at the sunload sensor. Observe the Driver and Passenger Sunload parameter. Do the counts change?Go to Step 13Go to Step 19
13Test the resistance of the ambient air temperature sensor. Refer to LINK 48912. Is the resistance near the value in the Sensor Resistance Table?Go to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections in Wiring SystemsGo to Step 15
14Test the resistance of the inside air temperature sensor. Refer to LINK 48912. Is the resistance near the value in the Sensor Resistance Table?Go to Step 20Go to Step 18
15Inspect for poor connections at the harness connector of the ambient air temperature sensor. Refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections and Connector Repairs in Wiring Systems. Did you find and correct the condition?Go to Step 25Go to Step 17
16Inspect the aspirator tube for a air leak or obstruction. Did you find and correct the condition?Go to Step 25
17Inspect for poor connections at the harness connector of the ambient air temperature sensor. Refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections and Connector Repairs in Wiring Systems. Did you find and correct the condition?Go to Step 25Go to Step 23
18Inspect for poor connections at the harness connector of the inside air temperature sensor. Refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections and Connector Repairs in Wiring Systems. Did you find and correct the condition?Go to Step 25Go to Step 21
19Inspect for poor connections at the harness connector of the sunload sensor. Refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections and Connector Repairs in Wiring Systems. Did you find and correct the condition?Go to Step 25Go to Step 22
20Inspect for poor connections at the harness connector of the HVAC control module. Refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections and Connector Repairs in Wiring Systems. Did you find and correct the condition?Go to Step 25Go to Step 24
21Replace the inside air temperature sensor. Refer to Inside Air Temperature Sensor Replacement . Did you complete the replacement?Go to Step 25
22Replace the sunload sensor. Refer to Sun Load Sensor Replacement . Did you complete the replacement?Go to Step 25
23Replace the ambient air temperature sensor. Refer to Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Replacement . Did you complete the replacement?Go to Step 25
24Replace the HVAC control module. Refer to Control Module References in Computer/Integrating Systems for replacement, setup, and programming. Did you complete the replacement?Go to Step 25
25Operate the system in order to verify the repair. Did you correct the condition?System OKGo to Step 2
IMPORTANT
The ambient air temperature must be above 3°C (38°F).

Too Hot in Vehicle

Air Delivery Description and Operation

The Air Delivery Description and Operation is divided into 5 primary areas

  1. HVAC Control Components
  2. Air Speed
  3. Air Speed Auxiliary
  4. Air Distribution
  5. Recirculation
  6. Automatic Operation

Automatic Operation

In automatic operation, the HVAC control module will maintain the comfort level inside of the vehicle by controlling the A/C compressor clutch, the blower motor, the air temperature actuators, mode actuator and recirculation.

To place the HVAC system in full automatic operation, the AUTO selection must be activated.

Once the desired temperature is reached, the blower motor, mode, recirculation and temperature actuators will automatically adjust to maintain the temperature selected. The HVAC control module performs the following functions to maintain the desired air temperature

  1. Regulate blower motor speed
  2. Position the air temperature actuator
  3. Position the mode actuator
  4. Position the recirculation actuator
  5. Request A/C operation

When the warmest position is selected in automatic operation the blower speed will increase gradually until the vehicle reaches normal operating temperature. When normal operating temperature is reached the blower will stay on high speed and the air temperature actuators will stay in the full heat position. The mode actuator will remain in the floor position.

When the coldest position is selected in automatic operation the blower will stay on high and the air temperature actuators will stay in the full cold position. The mode actuator will remain in the panel position and the recirculation actuator will remain in the recirculation position.

In cold temperatures, the automatic HVAC system will provide heat in the most efficient manner. The vehicle operator can select an extreme temperature setting, but the system will not warm the vehicle any faster. In warm temperatures, the automatic HVAC system will also provide air conditioning in the most efficient manner. Selecting an extreme cool temperature will not cool the vehicle any faster.

Air Temperature Description and Operation

The air temperature controls are divided into 4 primary areas

  1. Automatic Operation
  2. The Heating and Air Conditioning System
  3. The A/C Cycle
  4. Auxiliary heating and A/C system

Heating and A/C Operation

The purpose of the heating and A/C system is to provide the following

  1. Heated air
  2. Cooled air
  3. Remove humidity from the interior of the vehicle
  4. Reduce windshield fogging

Regardless of the temperature setting, the following can effect the rate that the HVAC system can achieve a desired temperature

  1. Recirculation actuator setting
  2. Difference between inside and desired temperature
  3. Difference between ambient and desired temperature
  4. Blower motor speed setting
  5. Mode setting

The HVAC control module commands or monitors the following actions when an air temperature setting is selected.

  1. WARMEST POSITION-The air temperature actuator door position directs maximum air flow through the heater core.
  2. COLDEST POSITION-The air temperature actuator door position directs maximum air flow around the heater core.
  3. BETWEEN THE WARMEST AND COLDEST POSITION-The following sensors are monitored to direct the appropriate amount of air through the heater core to achieve the desired temperature: Sunload Ambient temperature Inside temperature

The A/C system is engaged by selecting any switch on the HVAC control module except the A/C OFF switch. The A/C switch will illuminate A/C OFF when the A/C switch is selected. The control module sends a class 2 A/C request message to the engine control module (ECM) for A/C compressor clutch operation. The following conditions must be met in order for the ECM to turn on the compressor clutch

  1. HVAC control module Evaporator Temperature more than 4°C (39°F) Control module operating range 9-16 volts
  2. ECM Engine coolant temperature (ECT) is less than 125°C (257°F) or 120°C (248°F) for PV8 Engine RPM is between 0-6,000 RPM. A/C pressure is between 3 137 kPa (455 psi) or 2 850 kPa (413 psi) for PV8 and 193 kPa (28 psi) or 200 kPa (29 psi) for PV8.

Once engaged, the compressor clutch will be disengaged for the following conditions

  1. Throttle position is 100 percent.
  2. A/C pressure is more than 3 137 kPa (455 psi) or 2 850 kPa (413 psi) for PV8.
  3. A/C pressure is less than 193 kPa (28 psi) or 200 kPa (29 psi) for PV8.
  4. Engine coolant temperature (ECT) is more than 125°C (257°F) or 120°C (248°F) for PV8.
  5. Engine speed is more than 5,500 RPM.
  6. Transmission shift
  7. ECM detects excessive torque load.
  8. ECM detects insufficient idle quality.
  9. ECM detects a hard launch condition.

When the compressor clutch disengages, the compressor clutch diode protects the electrical system from a voltage spike.

Dual Zone Operation

The HVAC control module has temperature settings for the driver and the passenger. If the passenger setting is turned OFF then the driver setting controls both driver and passenger temperature actuators. The passenger setting cannot be used without the driver setting also being ON. The passenger setting can be turned ON or OFF by pressing the power button in the center of the passenger temperature rocker switch. When the passenger setting is ON, the passenger temperature can be adjusted independently from the driver setting and the passenger temperature is displayed on the passenger side of the control module. A different sunload on one side of the vehicle may cause different discharge air temperatures, even when the passenger setting is not turned ON.

In automatic operation, the HVAC control module will maintain the comfort level inside of the vehicle by controlling the A/C compressor clutch, the blower motor, the air temperature actuators, mode actuator and recirculation.

To place the HVAC system in automatic mode, the following is required

  1. The blower motor switch must be in the AUTO position.
  2. The air temperature switch must be in any other position other than 60 or 90 degrees.
  3. The mode switch must be in the AUTO position.

Once the desired temperature is reached, the blower motor, mode, recirculation and temperature actuators will automatically adjust to maintain the temperature selected. The HVAC control module performs the following functions to maintain the desired air temperature

  1. Regulate blower motor speed
  2. Position the air temperature actuator
  3. Position the mode actuator
  4. Position the recirculation actuator
  5. Request A/C operation

When the warmest position is selected in automatic operation, the blower speed will increase gradually, until the vehicle reaches normal operating temperature. When normal operating temperature is reached, the blower will stay on high speed and the air temperature actuators will stay in the full heat position. When the coldest position is selected in automatic operation, the blower will stay on high and the air temperature actuators will stay in the full cold position.

In cold temperatures, the automatic HVAC system will provide heat in the most efficient manner. The vehicle operator can select an extreme temperature setting, but the system will not warm the vehicle any faster. In warm temperatures, the automatic HVAC system will also provide air conditioning in the most efficient manner. Selecting an extremely cool temperature will not cool the vehicle any faster.

Auxiliary Heating and A/C Operation

The auxiliary HVAC control module provides airflow direction and temperature control for the back seat passengers. Passengers can operate the rear HVAC control module in both manual or automatic modes. Auxiliary HVAC temperatures can be set cooler or warmer than the front primary HVAC setting. The front HVAC module provides power and ground to the auxiliary air temperature actuator. The front HVAC module receives power through the ignition 1 and battery positive voltage circuits from the underhood fuse block. The auxiliary air temperature actuator is a reverse polarity motor. Each circuit provides both power and ground to the auxiliary air temperature actuator. When the auxiliary air temperature actuator is being held in position, both of the auxiliary air temperature door control circuits have 0 volts applied to both sides of the actuator motor. This holds the actuator stationary. When a cooler temperature is requested, one of the auxiliary air temperature door control circuits will ground, driving the auxiliary air temperature actuator to the desired temperature. When a warmer temperature is requested, the other auxiliary air temperature door control circuit will ground. This moves the auxiliary air temperature actuator into the desired position.