Starter - Delco-Remy Cadillac Brougham I

DESCRIPTION

Depending on the application, SD200, SD250 or OG195 starter is used on General Motors vehicles. Starters come in a variety of different amperage ratings and are similar in design. The SD200 and SD250 starters are serviceable. The OG195 starter is not serviceable. Manufacturer does not recommend disassembling and servicing OG195 starter. If starter is defective, a new unit must be installed.

STARTER NOISE

Note. Excessive cranking can cause starter to overheat. Never operate starter more than 15 seconds at a time. Allow it to cool at least 2 minutes before cranking again.

Diagnosis

1. If a high-pitched whine is present during cranking (before engine starts), but engine starts okay, distance is too great between starter pinion and flywheel. If high-pitched whine is present after engine starts and key is released, distance is too small between starter pinion and flywheel.
2. If loud "whoop" sound like a siren is present after engine start, clutch is likely defective. If "rumble", "growl" or "knock" is present as starter is coasting to a stop after starting engine, starter armature is either bent or unbalanced.

Repair

1. If diagnosis of noise indicates that pinion should be closer to flywheel, remove original shim and insert a half shim in its place. If this does not correct original noise condition, remove half shim and remount starter without shims.
2. If diagnosis of noise indicates that pinion should be moved away from flywheel, half shim should be added. If condition is not corrected, another half shim may be added or half shim may be replaced with 2 mm shim to make a total of 4 mm of shims. Normally, it should not be necessary to add more than 2 mm of shims.

Note. Also see TROUBLE SHOOTING - BASIC PROCEDURES article in the GENERAL TROUBLE SHOOTING section.

SOLENOID WINDING TEST

Note. Solenoid tests are performed with leads disconnected to prevent overheating. Complete tests in a minimum of time to prevent overheating.

Hold-In Winding

Connect an ammeter in series with 12-volt battery and terminal "S" on solenoid. (Scheme 5) Connect a voltmeter between solenoid terminal "S" and ground. Connect a carbon pile rheostat across battery. Adjust voltage to 10 volts. Ammeter should read between 14.5-16.5 amps for all starters.

Pull-In Windings

Connect test equipment as previously described. (Scheme 5) Ground terminal "M" of solenoid. Adjust voltage to 10 volts and note ammeter reading. If ammeter reads 41-47 amps, starter solenoid is okay.

Note. Current will decrease as windings heat up.

Test Results

If current draw reads greater than specification, short or ground is present in windings of solenoid. Low current draw indicates excessive resistance. If no current is present, there is an open circuit. Check connections. Replace starter solenoid as necessary.

Scheme 5

Scheme 6

1. Connect test equipment to starter. (Scheme 6) Close switch and compare RPM, amperage and voltage readings with specifications. See the «STARTER NO-LOAD TEST SPECIFICATIONS»(/cadillac/brougham/i-1987-1992/remont/starter/#starter-delco-remy). CAUTION: DO NOT apply more voltage than specified. Excessive voltage may cause armature to throw windings due to excessive speed.
2. If current draw and RPM meet specification, starter motor is okay. If test indicates low free speed and high current draw, unit may have tight, dirty or worn bearings, shorted armature, or grounded armature or fields.
3. Failure to operate with high current draw indicates direct ground in terminal fields or frozen bearings. Failure to operate with no current draw indicates an open field circuit, open armature coils, or broken brush springs.
4. Low RPM and low current draw indicates high internal resistance due to poor connections, defective leads, or dirty commutator. High free speed and high current draw indicates shorted fields.

PRELIMINARY TESTS

Remove starter from vehicle. Ensure pinion moves freely on screw shaft. Ensure armature rotates freely by prying pinion. If armature does not turn freely, motor should be disassembled. If armature rotate freely, motor should be given a no-load test before disassembly.

ARMATURE

1. Test armature for shorted coils with growler. Check for grounded coils with test light. Place one lead on armature shaft and other lead on commutator. Test light should not light. If test light lights, armature is grounded and should be replaced.
2. Turn commutator in lathe if rough, worn, or has protruding insulation. DO NOT turn to less than 1.65" (41.9 mm) diameter. Sand commutator lightly with 240 grit emery cloth and clean slots.

SERIES COIL OPEN TEST

Using test light, place one lead on series coil terminal and other lead on insulated brush. If test light fails to light, series coil is open and requires repair or replacement. Repeat test for each insulated brush.

SERIES COIL GROUND TEST

On starters with shunt coil, separate series and shunt coil strap terminals during test. Using test light, place one lead on grounded brush holder and other lead on either insulated brush. If lamp lights, grounded series coil is indicated and must be repaired or replaced.

BRUSHES, SPRINGS & HOLDERS

Replace brushes if worn to 1/2 of original length or if oil-soaked or pitted. Check brush spring tension and replace springs if weak or distorted.

OVERRUNNING CLUTCH CHECK

Clutch pinion should turn freely in one direction only. Check pinion teeth for chips, cracks, or excessive wear. Chipped teeth may indicate defective ring gear.

PINION CLEARANCE CHECK

1. Disconnect motor field coil at solenoid terminal "M" and insulate field connector. Connect 12-volts to solenoid terminal "S". Touch jumper lead from solenoid terminal "M" to starter frame, shifting pinion into cranking position.
2. Push pinion away from stop retainer as far as possible. Using feeler gauge, ensure.010-.140" (.25-3.6 mm) clearance between pinion and retainer. (Scheme 7)

Note. Pinion clearance is not adjustable. If clearance is not within specification, motor must be disassembled and rechecked.

Scheme 7

Scheme 8

OVERHAUL

Overhaul information is not available. Refer to the figure for disassembly and reassembly reference. (Scheme 9)

Scheme 9

SPECIFICATIONS

STARTER NO-LOAD TEST SPECIFICATIONS

See also:
• TROUBLE SHOOTING - BASIC PROCEDURES
• STARTER NO-LOAD TEST SPECIFICATIONS