HVAC System - Automatic Buick Regal V

Fastener Tightening Specifications

Fastener Tightening Specifications

Scheme 53

Scheme 54

Scheme 55

Scheme 56

HVAC Component Replacement Reference

HVAC Component Replacement Reference

Diagnostic Code Index

DIAGNOSTIC CODE INDEX

Diagnostic Instructions

1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

Diagnostic Fault Information

Circuit/System Description

The ambient light/sunload sensor includes the sunload sensor and passenger compartment temperature sensor.

This sensor assembly provides information about

1. Sun heat intensity
2. Passenger compartment temperature

The vehicle uses a sunload sensor that is integrated into one sensor assembly along with the passenger compartment temperature sensor. Low reference and signal circuits enable the sensor to operate. The sensor signal varies between 0-5 V.

The passenger compartment temperature sensor is a negative temperature co-efficient thermistor. A signal and low reference circuit enables the sensor to operate. As the air temperature increases, the sensor resistance decreases. The sensor signal varies between 0-5 V.

Bright or high intensity light causes the vehicles interior temperature to increase. The HVAC system compensates for the increased temperature by diverting additional cool air into the vehicle.

Conditions for Running the DTC

1. Ignition ON
2. The HVAC control module is ON.

Conditions for Setting the DTC

The HVAC control module detects the sensor signal out of range. The signal voltage is less than 0.1 V or greater than 4.9 V for more than 50 ms.

Action Taken When the DTC Sets

The system operates using a default value.

Conditions for Clearing the DTC

The sensor signal is within specified range between 0.1-4.9 V.

Reference Information

Schematic Reference

HVAC Schematics

Connector End View Reference

COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -- INDEX

Description and Operation

Automatic HVAC Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References

Circuit/System Testing

1. Ignition OFF and all vehicle systems off, disconnect the harness connector at the B10B ambient light/ sunload sensor. It may take up to 2 minutes for all vehicle systems to power down.
2. Test for less than 10 ohms between the low reference circuit terminal 6 and ground. If 10 ohms or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for less than 2 ohms in the low reference circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If less than 10 ohms
3. Ignition ON.
4. Verify the scan tool Passenger Compartment Air Temperature (Unfiltered) parameter is less than -37°C(-35°F). If -37°C(-35°F) or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for infinite resistance between the signal circuit terminal 3 and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If less than -37°C(-35°F)
5. Install a 3 A fused jumper wire between the signal circuit terminal 3 and the low reference circuit terminal 6.
6. Verify the scan tool parameter Passenger Compartment Air Temperature (Unfiltered) parameter is greater than 115°C(240°F). If 115°C(240°F) or less Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module, ignition ON. Test for less than 1 V between the signal circuit and ground. If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V Ignition OFF. Test for less than 2 ohms in the signal circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If greater than 115°C(240°F)
7. Test or replace the B10B ambient light sensor.

Repair Instructions

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the repair.

1. «HVAC Component Replacement Reference»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic__hvac-component-replacement-reference)
2. «Control Module References»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for HVAC control module replacement, programming and setup

1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

The air temperature sensors are a 2-wire negative temperature co-efficient thermistor. The vehicle uses the following air temperature sensors

1. Air temperature sensor - left upper
2. Air temperature sensor - left lower
3. Air temperature sensor - right upper
4. Air temperature sensor - right lower
5. A/C evaporator temperature sensor

A signal and low reference circuit enables the sensor to operate. As the air temperature surrounding the sensor increases, the sensor resistance decreases. The sensor signal voltage decreases as the resistance decreases. The sensor operates within a temperature range between -40 to +85°C (-40 to +185°F). The sensor signal varies between 0-5 V. The HVAC control module converts the signal to a range between 0-255 counts. As the air temperature increases the count value will decrease. If the HVAC control module detects a malfunctioning sensor, then the control module software will use a default air temperature value. The default action ensures that the HVAC system can adjust the inside air temperature near the desired temperature until the condition is corrected.

1. Ignition ON.
2. The HVAC control module is ON.

The HVAC control module detects the sensor signal out of range. The signal voltage is less than 0.1 V or greater than 4.9 V for more than 50 ms.

The system operates using a default value.

The sensor signal is within specified range between 0.1-4.9 V.

Schematic Reference

HVAC Schematics

Connector End View Reference

COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -- INDEX

Description and Operation

Automatic HVAC Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

1. Ignition OFF and all vehicle systems OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the appropriate temperature sensor It may take up to 2 minutes for all vehicle systems to power down.
2. Test for less than 10 ohms between the low reference circuit terminal B and ground. If 10 ohms or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for less than 2 ohms in the low reference circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If less than 10 ohms
3. Ignition ON.
4. Verify the scan tool Temperature Sensor parameter is less than -35°C (-39°F). If -35°C (-39°F) or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for infinite resistance between the signal circuit terminal A and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If less than -35°C (-39°F)
5. Install a 3 A fused jumper wire between the signal circuit terminal A and the low reference circuit terminal B.
6. Verify the scan tool Temperature Sensor parameter is greater than 82°C (180°F). If 82°C (180°F) or less Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module, ignition ON. Test for less than 1 V between the signal circuit and ground. If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V Ignition OFF Test for less than 2 ohms in the signal circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If greater than 82°C (180°F)
7. Test or replace the temperature sensor.

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the repair.

1. «HVAC Component Replacement Reference»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic__hvac-component-replacement-reference)
2. «Control Module References»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for HVAC control module replacement, programming and setup

1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

The windshield temperature and inside moisture sensor includes the relative humidity sensor, windshield temperature sensor and humidity sensing element temperature sensor.

This sensor assembly provides information about

1. Relative humidity level at windshield inside
2. Temperature of the windshield inside
3. Temperature of the humidity sensor element

The relative humidity sensor measures the relative humidity of the compartment side of the windshield. It also detects the temperature of the windshield surface on the compartment side. Both values are used as control inputs for the HVAC control module application to calculate the fog risk on windshield compartment side and ability to reduce fuel consumption by decreasing A/C compressor power to a minimum without causing any fog. The sensor will also enable partial recirculation mode in order to improve heat-up performance of the passenger compartment under cold ambient temperature conditions without the risk of mist build-up on the windshield. The humidity sensor element temperature sensor supplies the temperature of the humidity sensor element. It is only needed if the thermal contact between the humidity sensing element and the inside windshield surface is not sufficient.

1. Ignition ON.
2. The HVAC control module is ON.

B018A 02, B048C 02, B048C 02 or B1395 03

The HVAC control module detects the sensor signal out of range. The signal voltage is less than 0.1 V for more than 50 ms.

B018A 05, B048C 05, B048C 05 or B1395 07

The HVAC control module detects the sensor signal out of range. The signal voltage is greater than 4.9 V for more than 50 ms.

1. The system will use the last valid values as default.
2. If no value is read at the time of fault, the HVAC control module uses 60% for humidity.

The condition for setting the DTC is no longer present.

Schematic Reference

HVAC Schematics

Connector End View Reference

COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -- INDEX

Description and Operation

Automatic HVAC Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

1. Ignition OFF and all vehicle systems OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the B160 windshield temperature and inside moisture sensor. It may take up to 2 minutes for all vehicle systems to power down.
2. Test for less than 10 ohms between the low reference circuit terminal 3 and ground. If 10 ohms or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for less than 2 ohms in the low reference circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If less than 10 ohms
3. Ignition ON.
4. Test for 4.8-5.2 V between the 5 V reference circuit terminal 1 and ground. If less than 4.8 V Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for infinite resistance between the 5 V reference circuit and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance Test for less than 2 ohms in the 5 V reference circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If greater than 5.2 V Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module, ignition ON. Test for less than 1 V between the 5 V reference circuit and ground. If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If between 4.8-5.2 V
5. Verify the scan tool parameters listed below are less than -37°C (-35°F). Windshield Temperature Passenger Compartment Humidity Sensor Temperature If -37°C (-35°F) or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for infinite resistance between the signal circuit terminals listed below and ground. Windshield temperature sensor signal terminal 4 Passenger compartment humidity sensor temperature signal terminal 5 If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If less than -37°C (-35°F)
6. Verify the scan tool Passenger Compartment Humidity parameter is greater than 95%. If 95% or less Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module, ignition ON. Test for infinite resistance between the signal circuit terminal 2 and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If greater than 95%
7. Install a 3 A fused jumper wire between each signal circuit terminal listed below and the low reference circuit terminal 3 one at a time. Windshield temperature sensor signal terminal 4 Passenger compartment humidity sensor temperature signal terminal 5
8. Verify the appropriate scan tool parameter listed below is greater than 114°C (238°F). Windshield Temperature Passenger Compartment Humidity Sensor Temperature If 114°C (238°F) or less Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for infinite resistance between the signal circuit terminals listed below and ground. Windshield temperature sensor signal terminal 4 Passenger compartment humidity sensor temperature signal terminal 5 If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V Test for less than 2 ohms in the signal circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If greater than 114°C (238°F)
9. Install a 3 A fused jumper wire between the passenger compartment humidity sensor signal circuit terminal 2 and the low reference circuit terminal 3.
10. Verify the scan tool Passenger Compartment Humidity Sensor parameter is less than 5%. If 5% or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for less than 2 ohms in the signal circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If less than 5%
11. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module, Ignition ON.
12. Test for less than 1 V between the signal circuit terminal 2 and ground. If 1 V or greater Repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V
13. Test or replace the B160 windshield temperature and inside moisture sensor.

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the repair.

1. «HVAC Component Replacement Reference»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic__hvac-component-replacement-reference)
2. «Control Module References»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for HVAC control module replacement, programming and setup.

1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

The ambient light/sunload sensor integrates the sunload sensor and passenger compartment temperature sensor.

This sensor assembly provides information about

1. Sun heat intensity
2. Passenger Compartment Temperature

The solar sensor is connected to ground and to the 5 V stabilized voltage supply through the HVAC control module. As the sunload increases, the sensor signal voltage also increases and vice versa. The signal varies between 1.4-4.5 V and is provided to the HVAC control module.

The passenger compartment temperature sensor is a negative temperature co-efficient thermistor. A signal and low reference circuit enables the sensor to operate. As the air temperature increases, the sensor resistance decreases. The sensor signal varies between 0-5 V.

Bright or high intensity light causes the vehicles interior temperature to increase. The HVAC system compensates for the increased temperature by diverting additional cool air into the vehicle.

1. Ignition ON
2. The HVAC Control Module is ON.

B0183 02

The input signal is out of range. The voltage is less than 0.1 V.

B0183 05

The input signal is out of range. The voltage is greater than 4.9 V.

1. The system will use the last valid values as default.
2. If no value is read at the time of fault, the HVAC control module uses 0 W/m 2 as intensity.

The condition for setting the DTC is no longer present.

Schematic Reference

HVAC Schematics

Connector End View Reference

COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -- INDEX

Description and Operation

Automatic HVAC Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

1. Ignition OFF and all vehicle systems OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the B10B ambient light/ sunload sensor. It may take up to 2 minutes for all vehicle systems to power down.
2. Test for less than 10 ohms between the low reference circuit terminal 6 and ground. If 10 ohms or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for less than 2 ohms in the low reference circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If less than 10 ohms
3. Ignition ON.
4. Verify the scan tool Sunload parameter is less than 2 W/m2. If 2 W/m2 or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for infinite resistance between the signal circuit terminal 4 and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If less than 2 W/m2
5. Install a 3 A fused jumper wire between the signal circuit terminal 4 and the low reference circuit terminal 6.
6. Verify the scan tool Sunload parameter is greater than 20 W/m2. If 20 W/m2 or less Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module, ignition ON. Test for less than 1 V between the signal circuit terminal 4 and ground. If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V Ignition OFF Test for less than 2 ohms in the signal circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If greater than 20 W/m2
7. Test or replace the B10B ambient light/ sunload sensor.

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the repair.

1. «HVAC Component Replacement Reference»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic__hvac-component-replacement-reference)
2. «Control Module References»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for HVAC control module programming and setup

1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

The blower motor control module is an interface between the HVAC control module and the blower motor. The blower motor speed control from the HVAC control module, battery positive and ground circuits enable the blower motor control module to operate. The HVAC control module provides a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the blower motor control module in order to command the blower motor speed. The blower motor control module transfers the PWM signal into a corresponding blower motor voltage. The voltage resides between 2-13 V and changes linear to the height of the PWM signal.

1. Ignition ON.
2. The HVAC control module is ON.

B0193 01

The voltage at the HVAC control module output to the blower motor control module is always high.

B0193 06

The voltage at the HVAC control module output to the blower motor control module is always low or fluctuating.

The blower motor is inoperative.

The condition for setting the DTC is no longer present.

Diagnostic Aids

Prior to motor replacement connect a direct independent B+ and ground to verify operation.

Inspect the motor shaft for rust or other foreign material which may prohibit proper motor operation.

If the motor operates properly please reinstall it, check for PIs or TSBs, and refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections in the Electrical Information Reference section of this document.

Schematic Reference

HVAC Schematics

Connector End View Reference

COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -- INDEX

Description and Operation

Automatic HVAC Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

1. Ignition OFF and all vehicle systems off, disconnect the X1 harness connector at the K8 blower motor control module. It may take up to 2 minutes for all vehicle systems to power down.
2. Test for less than 10 ohms between the ground circuit terminal 5 and ground. If 10 ohms or greater Ignition OFF. Test for less than 2 ohms in the ground circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, repair the open/high resistance in the ground connection. If less than 10 ohms
3. Ignition ON.
4. Verify a test lamp illuminates between the B+ circuit terminal 6 and ground. If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is good Ignition OFF. Test for less than 2 ohms in the B+ circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, verify the fuse is not open and there is voltage at the fuse. If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is open Ignition OFF. Test for infinite resistance between the B+ circuit terminal 6 and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance, replace the K8 blower motor control module. If the test lamp illuminates
5. Connect a DMM between the control circuit terminal 3 and ground.
6. Verify the resistance values listed below with the blower switch in the appropriate speed position: OFF - 133-138k ohms 1 - 88-92k ohms 2 - 75-80k ohms 3 - 63-67k ohms 4 - 46-50k ohms 5 - 11-15k ohms 6 -.5-2k ohms If not within the specified range Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for less than 1 V between the control circuit and ground. If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V Test for infinite resistance between the control circuit and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance. Test for less than 2 ohms in the control circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms replace the K33 HVAC control module. If within the specified range
7. Connect the X1 harness connector at the K8 blower motor control module. Disconnect the harness connector at the M8 blower motor, ignition ON.
8. Verify a test lamp illuminates between the control circuit terminal B and ground with the blower ON. If the test lamp does not illuminate Ignition OFF, disconnect the X2 harness connector at the K8 blower motor control module. Test for infinite resistance between the control circuit and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance. Test for less than 2 ohms in the control circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms replace the K8 blower motor control module. If the test lamp illuminates
9. Connect a test lamp between the control circuit terminal A and the control circuit terminal B.
10. Verify the test lamp becomes progressively brighter as the blower speed is increased and progressively dimmer as the blower speed is decreased. If the test lamp does not illuminate Ignition OFF, disconnect the X2 harness connector at the K8 blower motor control module. Test for less than 1 V between the control circuit terminal A and ground. If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V Test for less than 2 ohms in the control circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms replace the K8 blower motor control module. If the test lamp illuminates, but does not change in brightness Ignition OFF, disconnect the X2 harness connector at the K8 blower motor control module. Test for infinite resistance between the control circuit and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance, replace the K8 blower motor control module. If the test lamp changes in brightness as the blower speed is changed
11. Test or replace the M8 blower motor.

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the repair.

1. «HVAC Component Replacement Reference»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic__hvac-component-replacement-reference)
2. «Control Module References»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for HVAC control module replacement, programming and setup.

1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

Stepper motors are used for temperature regulation, air distribution control and recirculation door control.

With the switches on the Radio/HVAC control, air temperature door position, mode door position and recirculation door position can be selected. The selected values are passed to the HVAC control module via the serial data. The HVAC control module supplies a 12 V reference voltage to the stepper motors and energizes the 4 stepper motor coils with a pulsed ground signal. The stepper motors move the appropriate doors into the calculated positions, in order to reach the desired positions.

1. Ignition ON.
2. The HVAC control module is ON.

B023A 02

The stepper motors supply output is shorted to ground.

B0223 01, B022A 01, B0233 01, B023A 01, B0408 01 or B0418 01

At least one control circuits of the appropriate stepper motor is shorted to voltage when motor starts moving. Faults are not detected when motor is already running or target position is already reached.

B0223 06, B022A 06, B0233 06, B0233 06, B0408 06 or B0418 06

At least one control circuits of the appropriate stepper motor is shorted to ground or open when motor starts moving. Faults are not detected when motor is already running or target position is already reached.

B023A 02

1. The affected output will be switched off for hardware protection.
2. All stepper motors are deactivated.

B0223, B022A, B0233, B023A, B0408 or B0418

1. The affected output will be switched off for hardware protection.
2. The affected stepper motor is deactivated.

The condition for setting the DTC is no longer present.

Schematic Reference

HVAC Schematics

Connector End View Reference

COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -- INDEX

Description and Operation

Automatic HVAC Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness conector at the appropriate door actuator, ignition ON.
2. Connect a test lamp between the B+ circuit terminal 2 and ground.
3. Verify the test lamp turns ON and OFF when commanding the actuator ON and OFF with a scan tool. If the test lamp is always OFF Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for infinite resistance between the B+ circuit and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance Test for less than 2 ohms in the control circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If the test lamp is always ON Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module, ignition ON. Test for less than 1 V between the control circuit and ground. If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If the test lamp turns ON and OFF
4. Ignition ON.
5. Test for less than 1 V between each actuator harness connector terminal listed below and ground. Control Circuit - terminal 1 Control Circuit - terminal 3 Control Circuit - terminal 4 Control Circuit - terminal 6 If 1 V or greater Repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V
6. Ignition OFF.
7. Test for infinite resistance between each actuator harness connector terminals listed below and ground. Control Circuit - terminal 1 Control Circuit - terminal 3 Control Circuit - terminal 4 Control Circuit - terminal 6 If less than infinite resistance Repair the short to ground on the circuit. If Infinite resistance
8. Test for less than 2 ohms between each harness connector terminals listed below end to end. NOTE: See schematic for the K33 HVAC control module terminal numbers. HVAC Actuator - terminal 1 and HVAC control module terminal HVAC Actuator - terminal 3 and HVAC control module terminal HVAC Actuator - terminal 4 and HVAC control module terminal HVAC Actuator - terminal 6 and HVAC control module terminal If 2 ohms or greater Repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms
9. Replace the actuator.
10. Verify the DTC does not set while operating the vehicle under the Conditions for Running the DTC. If the DTC sets Replace the K33 HVAC control module. If the DTC does not set
11. All OK.

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic procedure.

1. «HVAC Component Replacement Reference»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic__hvac-component-replacement-reference)
2. «Control Module References»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for HVAC control module replacement, setup, and programming

1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

The HVAC control module detects exhaust gas by an air quality sensor. The air quality sensor is a 3-wire sensor with an ignition voltage circuit, a ground circuit and a signal circuit.

The information is pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generated on the output pin.

The HVAC control module evaluates the information of the air quality sensor and closes the recirculation flap while in the automatic mode, as soon as the concentration of pollutants exceeds a preset value.

1. Ignition ON
2. The HVAC control module is ON.

B3843 02

No PWM is detected and the signal is low.

B3843 05

No PWM is detected and the signal is high.

B3843 08

The sensor sends a 5% PWM signal indicating an internal sensor short circuit or open circuit.

The automatic recirculation mode is disabled.

The condition for setting the DTC is no longer present.

Schematic Reference

HVAC Schematics

Connector End View Reference

COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -- INDEX

Description and Operation

Automatic HVAC Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References

1. Ignition OFF and all vehicle systems OFF. Disconnect the B108 air quality sensor. It may take up to 2 minutes for all vehicle systems to power down.
2. Test for less than 10 ohms between the ground circuit terminal 2 and ground. If 10 ohms or greater Ignition OFF. Test for less than 2 ohms in the ground circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, repair the open/high resistance in the ground connection. If less than 10 ohms
3. Ignition ON.
4. Verify a test lamp illuminates between the ignition circuit terminal 1 and ground. If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is good Ignition OFF. Test for less than 2 ohms in the ignition circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, verify the fuse is OK and there is voltage at the fuse. If the test lamp does not illuminate and the circuit fuse is open Ignition OFF. Test for infinite resistance between the ignition circuit and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance, replace the B108 air quality sensor. If the test lamp illuminates
5. Verify the scan tool Odor Sensor parameter is greater than 95%. If 95% or less Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for infinite resistance between the signal circuit terminal 3 and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance, replace the K33 HVACcontrol module. If greater than 95%
6. Install a 3 A fused jumper wire between the signal circuit terminal 3 and the low reference circuit terminal 2.
7. Verify the scan tool Odor Sensor parameter is less than 5%. If 5% or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module, ignition ON. Test for less than 1 V between the signal circuit terminal 3 and ground. If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V Ignition OFF Test for less than 2 ohms in the signal circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If less than 5%
8. If all circuits test normal, replace the B108 air quality sensor.

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the repair.

1. «HVAC Component Replacement Reference»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic__hvac-component-replacement-reference)
2. «Control Module References»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for HVAC control module replacement, programming and setup

1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

The HVAC control module supplies battery voltage to the A/C compressor. When the A/C switch is pressed, the HVAC control module provides a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the A/C compressor in order to command the performance of the A/C compressor. The performance of the A/C compressor is regulated according to adjusted interior temperature on the basis of characteristic lines. Therefore the HVAC control module grounds the A/C compressor with the PWM signal.

1. Ignition ON.
2. The HVAC control module is ON.

B393B 04

A PWM greater than 10% is sent but no current is read back.

B393B 0B

Measured current is above threshold of 815 mA.

B393B 04

The A/C compressor is disabled.

B393B 0B

1. The A/C compressor is disabled.
2. Output will be switched off for hardware protection.

The condition for setting the DTC is no longer present.

Schematic Reference

HVAC Schematics

Connector End View Reference

COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -- INDEX

Description and Operation

Automatic HVAC Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

1. Ignition OFF and all vehicle systems OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the Q46 A/C compressor solenoid valve. It may take up to 2 minutes for all vehicle systems to power down.
2. Verify a test lamp illuminates between the B+ circuit terminal 2 and ground. If the test lamp does not illuminate Test for infinite resistance between the B+ circuit and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance. Test for less than 2 ohms in the B+ circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If the test lamp illuminates
3. Ignition ON, connect a test lamp between the control circuit terminal 1 and the B+ circuit terminal 2.
4. Verify the test lamp turns ON and OFF when commanding the A/C Compressor Refrigerant Solenoid Valve ON and OFF with a scan tool. If the test lamp is always OFF Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module, ignition ON. Test for less than 1 V between the control circuit and ground. If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V Ignition OFF. Test for less than 2 ohms in the control circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If the test lamp is always ON Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the K33 HVAC control module. Test for infinite resistance between the control circuit and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance, replace the K33 HVAC control module. If the test lamp turns ON and OFF
5. Test or replace the Q46 A/C compressor solenoid valve.

Component Testing

Static Test

1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the Q46 Air Conditioning Compressor Valve.
2. Test for 7-15 ohms between B+ circuit terminal 2 and control circuit terminal 1. If less than 7 ohms or greater than 15 ohms Replace the Q46 Air Conditioning Compressor Valve If between 7-15 ohms
3. Test for infinite resistance between each terminal and the Q46 Air Conditioning Compressor Valve housing/case. If less than infinite resistance Replace the Q46 Air Conditioning Compressor Valve If infinite resistance
4. All OK

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the repair.

1. «HVAC Component Replacement Reference»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic__hvac-component-replacement-reference)
2. «Control Module References»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for HVAC control module replacement, programming, and setup.

1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of the diagnostic category.

The engine control module (ECM) monitors the high side refrigerant pressure through the A/C refrigerant pressure sensor. The ECM supplies a 5 V reference and a low reference to the sensor. Changes in the A/C refrigerant pressure cause the sensor signal to the ECM to vary. When the pressure is high, the signal voltage is high. When the pressure is low, the signal voltage is low. When pressure is high, the ECM commands the cooling fans on.

1. Engine is running.
2. Any of the conditions for setting the DTC are met for 15 seconds.
3. Battery voltage is between 11-18 V.

1. The ECM detects that the A/C pressure is less than 1 psi (0.01 V).
2. The ECM detects that the A/C pressure is more than 428 psi (4.92 V).

This is a type D DTC.

This is a type D DTC.

A malfunction within the refrigerant system causing high pressure can cause this DTC to set.

Schematic Reference

HVAC Schematics

Connector End View Reference

COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -- INDEX

Description and Operation

Automatic HVAC Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

DTC Type Reference

Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

Circuit/System Verification

Ignition ON, observe the scan tool A/C High Side Pressure Sensor parameter in the ECM data list. The reading should be between 6.8 kPa (1 psi) and 2950 kPa (428 psi).

1. Ignition OFF and all vehicle systems OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the B1 A/C refrigerant pressure sensor. It may take up to 2 minutes for all vehicle systems to power down.
2. Test for less than 10 ohms between the low reference circuit terminal 1 and ground. If 10 ohms or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the X1 harness connector at the K20 ECM. Test for less than 2 ohms in the low reference circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K20 ECM. If less than 10 ohms
3. Ignition ON.
4. Test for 4.8-5.2 V between the 5 V reference circuit terminal 2 and ground. If less than 4.8 V Ignition OFF, disconnect the X1 harness connector at the K20 ECM. Test for infinite resistance between the 5 V reference circuit and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance Test for less than 2 ohms in the 5 V reference circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K20 ECM. If greater than 5.2 V Ignition OFF, disconnect the X1 harness connector at the K20 ECM, ignition ON. Test for less than 1 V between the 5 V reference circuit and ground. If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V, replace the K20 ECM. If between 4.8-5.2 V
5. Verify the scan tool engine control module A/C High Side Pressure Sensor parameter is less than.25 V. If.25 V or greater Ignition OFF, disconnect the X1 harness connector at the K20 ECM, ignition ON. Test for less than 1 V between the signal circuit terminal 3 and ground. If 1 V or greater, repair the short to voltage on the circuit. If less than 1 V, replace the K20 ECM. If less than.25 V
6. Install a 3 A fused jumper wire between the signal circuit terminal 3 and the 5 V reference circuit terminal 2.
7. Verify the scan tool engine control module A/C High Side Pressure Sensor parameter is greater than 4.8 V. If 4.8 V or less Ignition OFF, disconnect the X1 harness connector at the K20 ECM. Test for infinite resistance between the signal circuit terminal 3 and ground. If less than infinite resistance, repair the short to ground on the circuit. If infinite resistance Test for less than 2 ohms in the signal circuit end to end. If 2 ohms or greater, repair the open/high resistance in the circuit. If less than 2 ohms, replace the K20 ECM. If greater than 4.8 V
8. Test or replace the B1 A/C refrigerant pressure sensor.

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the repair.

1. «HVAC Component Replacement Reference»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic__hvac-component-replacement-reference)
2. «Control Module References»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for ECM replacement, programming and setup

Symptoms - HVAC Systems - Automatic

Note. Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle before using the Symptom Tables in order to verify that all of the following conditions are true: There are no DTCs set. The control modules can communicate via the serial data link. Review the system operation in order to familiarize yourself with the system functions. Refer to Steering Wheel Controls Description and Operation .

Visual/Physical Inspection

1. Inspect for aftermarket devices which may affect the operation of the Steering Wheel Controls System. Refer to «Checking Aftermarket Accessories»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__checking-aftermarket-accessories) .
2. Inspect for easily accessible or visible system components for obvious damage or conditions which may cause the symptom.

Intermittent

Faulty electrical connections or wiring may be the cause of intermittent conditions. Refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections .

Symptom List

Refer to HVAC System Malfunction in order to diagnose the symptom.

1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

Check the following mechanical fault sources

1. Air distribution box
2. Air distribution hoses/air distribution ducts

Schematic Reference

HVAC Schematics

Connector End View Reference

COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -- INDEX

Description and Operation

Automatic HVAC Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

Note. Check for bulletins before proceeding.

1. Ignition ON, place the blower motor switch in each speed position. Verify that the blower motor operates properly in each position. If the blower motor does not operate properly in all speeds, refer to Circuit/System Testing «DTC B0193»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic)
2. Using the scan tool observe the mode, temperature, air inlet and recirculation door positions. Verify the actual and commanded door positions are within 4 counts of each other. If not within the specified range, refer to Circuit/System Testing «DTC B0223, B022A, B0233, B023A, B0408, or B0418»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic)
3. Engine ON, A/C ON, place the temperature control in the coldest position. Verify that cool air flows from the ducts in the vehicle. If the air is not cool, refer to «Air Conditioning (A/C) System Performance Test»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#heating-ventilation-and-air-conditioning__air-conditioning-ac-system-performance-test)
4. Turn the A/C OFF and place the temperature control in the warmest position. If the air is insufficiently heated refer to «Defrosting Insufficient»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#heating-ventilation-and-air-conditioning__defrosting-insufficient)
5. Engine OFF, ignition ON, cover the sunload sensor assembly with a shop towel or other suitable item. Verify the scan tool Sunload Sensor parameter changes. If it does not change, refer to Circuit/System Testing «DTC B0183»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic) .
6. Measure actual inside air temperature using a thermometer. Compare this value to the scan tool Inside Passenger Compartment Air Temp. Sensor parameter. The measured temperature should be within 5 degrees of parameter. If not within the specified range, refer to Circuit/System Testing «DTC B0163»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic) .
7. Measure actual temperature using a thermometer at each of the duct temperature sensors. Compare this value to the appropriate scan tool Duct parameter. The measured temperature should be within 5 degrees of appropriate Duct Temperature Sensor parameter. If not within the specified range, refer to Circuit/System Testing «DTC B0173, B0178, B0509, B0514 or B3933»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic) .
8. Ignition ON, observe the scan tool A/C Evaporator Temperature Sensor parameter. The reading should be between -39°F (-35°C) and 185°F (85°C) and change with evaporator air temperature changes. If not within the specified range, refer to Circuit/System Testing «DTC B393B»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic) .

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic procedure.

1. «HVAC Component Replacement Reference»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/automatic-hvac-system/#hvac-system-automatic__hvac-component-replacement-reference)
2. «Control Module References»(/buick/regal/v-2009-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for HVAC control module replacement, setup, and programming

Actuator Recalibration

Note. Do not adjust any controls on the HVAC control module while the HVAC control module is self-calibrating. If interrupted, improper HVAC performance will result.

When replacing the HVAC control module it will be necessary to allow the HVAC control module to perform a calibration process. When installing the HVAC control module be sure to perform the following

1. Place the ignition switch to the OFF position.
2. Disconnect the scan tool.
3. Install the HVAC control module.
4. Connect all previously disconnected components.
5. Ignition ON.
6. Wait 40 s for the HVAC control module to self-calibrate.
7. Verify that no DTCs have set as current DTCs.

When replacing the HVAC actuator it will be necessary to allow the HVAC control module to perform a calibration process. When installing the HVAC actuator be sure to perform one of the following

Preferred Method (with Scan Tool)

1. Clear all DTCs.
2. Place the ignition switch in the OFF position.
3. Install the HVAC actuator.
4. Connect all previously disconnected components.
5. Start the vehicle.
6. With the scan tool, initiate the HVAC Actuators re-calibration feature of the Remote Heater and Air Conditioning Control Module Special Functions menu.
7. Verify that no DTCs have set as current DTCs.

Alternate Method (without Scan Tool)

1. Clear all DTCs.
2. Place the ignition switch to the OFF position.
3. Install the HVAC actuator.
4. Connect all previously disconnected components.
5. Remove the HVAC control module fuse for a minimum of 10 s.
6. Install the HVAC control module fuse.
7. Ignition ON.
8. Wait 40 s for the HVAC control module to self-calibrate.
9. Verify that no DTCs have set as current DTCs.

Scheme 57

Heater and Air Conditioning Control Replacement

Scheme 58

Heater and Blower and Air Conditioning Control Module Replacement

Scheme 59

Mode Valve Lever Replacement

Scheme 60

Mode Valve Gear Replacement

Scheme 61

Air Inlet Valve Actuator Replacement (Left Hand Drive and CJ2)

Scheme 62

Inside Air Valve Actuator Replacement

Scheme 63

Mode Control Cam Actuator Replacement (Left Hand Drive)

Scheme 64

Mode Control Cam Replacement

Scheme 65

Temperature Valve Actuator Replacement - Right Side

Scheme 66

Temperature Valve Actuator Replacement - Left Side (Left Hand Drive)

Scheme 67

Air Conditioning Refrigerant Temperature Sensor Replacement

Scheme 68

Duct Air Temperature Sensor Replacement - Upper Right Side

Scheme 69

Duct Air Temperature Sensor Replacement - Upper Left Side (Left Hand Drive)

Scheme 70

Duct Air Temperature Sensor Replacement - Lower Left Side (Left Hand Drive)

Scheme 71

Duct Air Temperature Sensor Replacement - Lower Right Side (Left Hand Drive with CJ2)

Scheme 72

Ambient Air Quality Sensor Replacement

Scheme 73

Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Replacement

Automatic HVAC Description and Operation

The air temperature and the air delivery description and operation are divided into eight areas

1. HVAC Control Components
2. Air Speed
3. Air Delivery
4. Heating and A/C Operation
5. Recirculation Operation
6. Automatic Operation
7. Engine Coolant
8. A/C Cycle

HVAC Control Components

HVAC Controls

The HVAC controls contains all switches, which are required to control the functions of HVAC and serve as interface between the operator and the HVAC control module. The selected values are passed to the HVAC control module via LIN-Bus.

HVAC Control Module

The HVAC control module is a GMLAN device that interfaces between the operator and the HVAC system to maintain and control desired air temperature and air distribution settings. The battery positive voltage circuit provides power that the HVAC control module uses for keep alive memory. If the battery positive voltage circuit loses power, all HVAC DTCs and settings will be erased from keep alive memory. The body control module (BCM), which is the vehicle mode master, provides a device ON-Signal. The HVAC control module provides blower, air delivery mode and air temperature settings.

The HVAC control module supports the following features

Mode Actuator

The mode actuator is a 5-wire stepper motor. The HVAC control module supplies a 12 V reference voltage to the stepper motor and energizes the 4 stepper motor coils with a pulsed ground signal. The stepper motor puts the mode flap into the calculated position in order to reach the selected position. The null point of the stepper motor will be calibrated, if the stepper motor is new. When the stepper motor is calibrated, the HVAC control module can drive the applicable coil to reach exactly the desired position of the flap.

Air Temperature Actuators

The interior temperature can be selected separately for the driver and passenger. For this purpose, two stepper motors are used that regulates two mixed air flaps independently of each other. The air temperature actuators are 5-wire stepper motors. The HVAC control module supplies a 12 V reference voltage to each stepper motor and energizes the 4 stepper motor coils with a pulsed ground signal. The left air temperature actuator moves the left mixed air flap into the calculated position, in order to reach the selected temperature of the left temperature switch. The right air temperature actuator puts the right mixed air flap into the calculated position, in order to reach the selected temperature of the right temperature switch. The null point of the stepper motor will be calibrated, if the stepper motor is new. When the stepper motor is calibrated, the HVAC control module can drive the applicable coil to reach exactly the desired position of the flap.

Recirculation Actuator

The recirculation actuator is a 5-wire stepper motor. The HVAC control module supplies a 12 V reference voltage to the stepper motor and energizes the 4 stepper motor coils with a pulsed ground signal. The stepper motor puts the recirculation flap into the calculated position in order to reach the desired position. The null point of the stepper motor will be calibrated, if the stepper motor is new. When the stepper motor is calibrated, the HVAC control module can drive the applicable coil to reach exactly the desired position of the flap.

Air Inlet Actuator

The air inlet actuator is a 5-wire stepper motor. The HVAC control module supplies a 12 V reference voltage to the stepper motor and energizes the 4 stepper motor coils with a pulsed ground signal. The stepper motor moves the air inlet flap into the calculated position, in order to reach the selected position. The null point of the stepper motor will be calibrated, if the stepper motor is new. When the stepper motor is calibrated, the HVAC control module can drive the applicable coil to reach exactly the desired position of the flap.

Blower Motor Control Module

The blower motor control module controls the speed of the blower motor by increasing or decreasing the voltage drop on the ground side of the blower motor. The HVAC control module provides a low side pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the blower motor control module via the blower motor speed control circuit. As the requested blower speed increases, the HVAC control module increases the amount of time that the speed signal is modulated to ground. As the requested blower speed decreases, the HVAC control module decreases the amount of time that the signal is modulated to ground.

Air Quality Sensor

The HVAC control module detects exhaust gas by an air quality sensor. The air quality sensor is a 3-wire sensor with an ignition voltage circuit, a ground circuit and a signal circuit. The HVAC control module evaluates the information of the air quality sensor and closes the recirculation flap, while in automatic mode, as soon as the concentration of pollutants exceeds a predefined value.

Duct Temperature Sensors

The air temperature sensors are 2-wire negative temperature co-efficient thermistors. The sensors operate within a temperature range of -40 to +85°C (-40 to +185°F). The sensors are installed in the air distribution ducts and measure the temperature of the air that streams from the ducts. The HVAC control module uses these values to calculate the mixed air flap position.

Evaporator Temperature Sensor

The evaporator temperature sensor is a 2-wire negative temperature co-efficient thermistor. The sensor operates within a temperature range of -40 to +85°C (-40 to +185°F). The sensor is installed at the evaporator and measures its temperature. If the temperature drops under 3°C (38°F), the compressor will be switched off in order to prevent a frozen evaporator.

A/C Refrigerant Pressure Sensor

The A/C refrigerant pressure sensor is a 3-wire piezoelectric pressure transducer. A 5 V reference voltage, low reference, and signal circuits enable the sensor to operate. The A/C pressure signal can be between 0.2-4.8 V. When the A/C refrigerant pressure is low, the signal value is near 0 V. When the A/C refrigerant pressure is high, the signal value is near 5 V. The engine control module (ECM) converts the voltage signal to a pressure value. When pressure is too high or too low, the ECM will not allow the A/C compressor clutch to engage.

A/C Compressor

The A/C compressor is constantly belt driven. The performance of the A/C compressor is regulated per a lifting magnet in the A/C compressor. The HVAC control module supplies battery voltage to the A/C compressor. When the A/C switch is pressed, the HVAC control module provides a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the A/C compressor in order to command the performance of the A/C compressor. The performance of the A/C compressor is regulated according to adjusted interior temperature on the basis of characteristic lines. Therefore the HVAC control module grounds the A/C compressor with the PWM signal.

Ambient Light/Sunload Sensor

The ambient light/sunload sensor includes the sunload sensor and passenger compartment temperature sensor.

This sensor assembly provides information about

1. Sun heat intensity
2. Elevation
3. Azimuth
4. Passenger compartment temperature

The sunload sensor is connected to ground and to a 12 V clocked power supply through the HVAC control module. This clocked power supply is to power the sensor electronics and to work as a clock generator to the sunload sensor micro controller. The sensor uses a pulse signal for data identification and transferring the sun intensity measurement. At each positive transition from the clocked supply input, the sunload sensor micro controller will shift channels enabling new intensity measurement on the signal output to the HVAC control module. The signal voltage varies between 0-4 V.

The passenger compartment temperature sensor is a negative temperature co-efficient thermistor. A signal and low reference circuit enables the sensor to operate. As the air temperature increases, the sensor resistance decreases. The sensor signal varies between 0-5 V.

Bright or high intensity light causes the vehicles interior temperature to increase. The HVAC system compensates for the increased temperature by diverting additional cool air into the vehicle.

Air Speed

The blower control switch is part of the HVAC controls. The selected value of the blower switch position is sent to the HVAC control module via LIN-Bus.

The blower motor control module is an interface between HVAC control module and blower motor. The blower motor control module regulates supply voltage and ground circuits to blower motor. The HVAC control module provides a PWM signal to the blower motor control module in order to command the desired blower motor speed. The blower motor control module supplies battery voltage to the blower motor and uses the blower motor ground as a low side control to adjust the blower motor speed. The voltage amounts between 2-13 V and changes linear to the height of the PWM signal.

Air Delivery

The HVAC control module controls the distribution of air by the use of recirculation and mode actuator. The modes that may be selected are

1. Defrost
2. Defog
3. Panel
4. Floor

The desired air distribution mode can be selected with the air distribution switches at the HVAC controls. The HVAC controls delivers the values to the HVAC control module via LIN-Bus. The HVAC control module controls the air distribution actuator so that it drives the flap to the calculated position. Depending on the position of the flap, air is distributed through various ducts leading to the outlets in the dash. Turning the mode flap to the defrost position, the HVAC control module will move the recirculation actuator to outside air, reducing window fogging. When defrost is selected, the blower motor will be activated, regardless of the coolant temperature. The HVAC control module enables a high volume of air delivered to the front defrost vents. A/C is available in all modes.

The rear window defogger does not affect the HVAC system.

Heating and A/C Operation

The purpose of the heating and A/C system is to provide heated and cooled air to the interior of the vehicle. The A/C system will also remove humidity from the interior and reduce windshield fogging. Regardless of the temperature setting, the following can affect the rate that the HVAC system can achieve the desired temperature

1. Recirculation actuator setting
2. Difference between inside and desired temperature
3. Blower motor speed setting
4. Mode setting

When the A/C switch or the AUTO switch is pressed, the HVAC controls sends a signal to the HVAC control module via LIN-Bus. The HVAC control module evaluates this signal and sends an A/C request signal to the ECM via CAN-Bus. The ECM checks all preconditions before releasing and if all conditions are met sends a release signal back to the HVAC control module. The A/C compressor is activated by the HVAC control module. The HVAC control module supplies battery voltage to the A/C compressor. When the A/C switch is pressed, the HVAC control module provides a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the A/C compressor in order to command the performance of the A/C compressor. The performance of the A/C compressor is regulated according to adjusted interior temperature on the basis of characteristic lines. Therefore the HVAC control module grounds the A/C compressor with the PWM signal.

The following conditions must be met in order to activate the A/C compressor

1. Battery voltage is between 9-18 V
2. Engine coolant temperature is less than 124°C (255°F)
3. Engine speed is greater than 600 RPM
4. Engine speed is less than 5 500 RPM
5. A/C high side pressure is between 269-2 929 kPa (39-425 PSI)
6. Throttle position is less than 100%
7. Evaporator temperature is greater than 3°C (38°F)
8. ECM does not detect immoderate torque load
9. ECM does not detect insufficient idle quality
10. The ambient temperature is above 1°C (34°F)

The sensor information is used by the ECM to determine the following

1. The A/C high side pressure
2. An A/C system load on the engine
3. An immoderate A/C high side pressure
4. The heat load at the A/C condenser

The air streams into the passenger compartment through the heater core and the evaporator core. The air temperature actuator drives the mixed air flap to induce the airflow. If the interior temperature should be increased, the mixed air flap is put into the position in which more air streams through the heater core. If the interior temperature should be decreased, the mixed air flap is put into the position in which more air streams through the evaporator core.

Recirculation Operation

The recirculation switch is integrated into the HVAC controls. The selected recirculation switch position is sent to the HVAC control module via LIN-Bus. The HVAC control module controls the air intake through the air inlet actuator and recirculation actuator. In the recirculation mode the air inlet flap closes and the recirculation flap opens in order to circulate the air within the vehicle. In fresh air mode the air inlet flap opens and the recirculation flap is closed again in order to route outside air into the vehicle. Recirculation is only available if the defrost mode is not active. When the defrost mode is active, the recirculation actuator opens the recirculation flap and the air inlet actuator opens the air inlet flap and outside air is circulated to the windshield to reduce fogging.

The HVAC control module evaluates the information of the air quality sensor and closes the recirculation flap while in the automatic mode as soon as the concentration of pollutants exceeds a predefined value.

Automatic Operation

In automatic operation, the HVAC control module maintains the comfort level inside of the vehicle by controlling the A/C compressor clutch, the blower motor, the air temperature actuators, mode actuator and recirculation actuator.

To put the HVAC system in automatic mode, the following is required

1. The auto switch must be activated.
2. The air temperature switch must be in any other position than full hot or full cold position.

Once the desired temperature is reached, the blower motor, mode, recirculation and temperature actuators automatically adjust to maintain the temperature selected. The HVAC control module performs the following functions to maintain the desired air temperature

1. Monitors the following sensors: Ambient air temperature sensor Lower left air temperature sensor Lower right air temperature sensor Upper left air temperature sensor Upper right air temperature sensor Ambient light/sunload sensor Air quality sensor
2. Regulate blower motor speed
3. Position the air temperature actuators
4. Position the mode actuator
5. Position the recirculation actuator
6. Position the air inlet actuator
7. Request A/C operation
8. Control of the A/C compressor

When the warmest position is selected in automatic operation the blower speed will increase gradually until the vehicle reaches normal operating temperature. When normal operating temperature is reached the blower stays on high speed and the air temperature actuators stays in the full heat position.

When the coldest position is selected in automatic operation the blower stays on high and the air temperature actuators stay in full cold position. The mode actuator remains in the panel position and the recirculation actuator will remain in the recirculation position.

Under cold ambient temperatures, the automatic HVAC system provides heat in the most efficient manner. The operator can select an extreme temperature setting but the system will not warm the vehicle any faster. Under warm ambient temperatures, the automatic HVAC system also provides air conditioning in the most efficient manner. Selecting an extreme cool temperature will not cool the vehicle any faster.

The HVAC control module evaluates the information of the air quality sensor and closes the recirculation flap while in the automatic mode, as soon as the concentration of pollutants exceeds a predefined value.

Engine Coolant

Engine coolant is the essential element of the heating system. The thermostat controls the normal engine operating coolant temperature. The thermostat also creates a restriction for the cooling system that promotes a positive coolant flow and helps prevent cavitation.

Coolant enters the heater core through the inlet heater hose, in a pressurized state. The heater core is located inside the HVAC module. The ambient air drawn through the HVAC module absorbs the heat of the coolant flowing through the heater core. Heated air is distributed to the passenger compartment, through the HVAC module, for passenger comfort. Opening or closing the air temperature flap controls the amount of heat delivered to the passenger compartment. The coolant exits the heater core through the return heater hose and recirculates back to the engine cooling system.

A/C Cycle

Refrigerant is the key element in an air conditioning system. R-134a is presently the only Environmental Protection Agency approved refrigerant for automotive use. R-134a is a very low temperature gas that can transfer the undesirable heat and moisture from the passenger compartment to the outside air.

The compressor builds pressure on the vapor refrigerant. Compressing the refrigerant also adds heat to the refrigerant. The refrigerant is discharged from the compressor, through the discharge hose, and forced to flow to the condenser and then through the balance of the A/C system. The A/C system is mechanically protected with the use of a high pressure relief valve. If the A/C refrigerant pressure sensor fails or if the refrigerant system becomes restricted and refrigerant pressure continued to rise, the high pressure relief will pop open and release refrigerant from the system.

Compressed refrigerant enters the condenser in a high temperature, high pressure vapor state. As the refrigerant flows through the condenser, the heat of the refrigerant is transferred to the ambient air passing through the condenser. Cooling the refrigerant causes the refrigerant to condense and change from a vapor to a liquid state.

The condenser is located in front of the radiator for maximum heat transfer. The condenser is made of aluminum tubing and aluminum cooling fins, which allows rapid heat transfer for the refrigerant. The semi-cooled liquid refrigerant exits the condenser and flows to the Receiver/Dehydrator(R/D).

The R/D contains desiccant that absorbs moisture that may be in the refrigerant system. The R/D also acts as a storage vessel to ensure that a steady flow of liquid reaches the Thermal Expansion Valve. The refrigerant exits the R/D and flows through the liquid line to the Thermal Expansion Valve.

The Thermal Expansion Valve is located at the front of dash and attaches to the evaporator inlet and outlet pipes. The Thermal Expansion Valve is the dividing point for the high and the low pressure sides of the A/C system. As the refrigerant passes through the Thermal Expansion Valve, the pressure on the refrigerant is lowered. The Thermal Expansion Valve also meters the amount of liquid refrigerant that can flow into the evaporator.

Refrigerant exiting the Thermal Expansion Valve flows into the evaporator core in a low pressure, liquid state. Ambient air is drawn through the HVAC module and passes through the evaporator core. Warm and moist air will cause the liquid refrigerant boil inside of the evaporator core. The boiling refrigerant absorbs heat from the ambient air and draws moisture onto the evaporator. The refrigerant exits the evaporator through the suction line and back to the A/C compressor, in a vapor state, and completing the A/C cycle of heat removal. At the A/C compressor, the refrigerant is compressed again and the cycle of heat removal is repeated.

The conditioned air is distributed through the HVAC module for passenger comfort. The heat and moisture removed from the passenger compartment will also change form, or condense, and is discharged from the HVAC module as water.

See also:
• Blower Motor Replacement
• Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle
• Strategy Based Diagnosis
• Diagnostic Procedure Instructions
• COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS -- INDEX
• Circuit Testing
• Connector Repairs
• Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
• Wiring Repairs
• Control Module References
• Diagnostic Repair Verification
• Steering Wheel Controls Description and Operation
• Checking Aftermarket Accessories
• Air Conditioning (A/C) System Performance Test
• Defrosting Insufficient
• Battery Negative Cable Disconnection and Connection
• Instrument Panel Lower Center Trim Panel Replacement
• Instrument Cluster Replacement
• Air Inlet Grille Panel Water Deflector Replacement
• Air Inlet Valve Actuator Replacement (Left Hand Drive and CJ2)
• Automatic HVAC Description and Operation
• HVAC Component Replacement Reference