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Rear Drive Axle Buick Enclave I

Differentials & Drive Axles 8 illustrations ~3965 words

Fastener Tightening Specifications

ApplicationSpecification
MetricEnglish
Clutch Control Module to Torque Tube Screws8 N.m71 lb in
Differential-to-Cradle Mount Bolts/Nuts28 N.m21 lb ft
Differential Rear Mounting bolts160 N.m118 lb ft
Differential Side Cover Bolts28 N.m21 lb ft
Lubricant Drain Plug35 N.m26 lb ft
Lubricant Fill Plug35 N.m26 lb ft
Pinion Housing-to-Differential Bolts28 N.m21 lb ft
Torque Tube Bracket-to-Body Bolts185 N.m137 lb ft
Torque Tube-to-Differential Bolts55 N.m40 lb ft

Fastener Tightening Specifications

Differential Carrier Assembly Specifications

ApplicationSpecification
MetricEnglish
Axle Ratio3.42
Differential Lubricant Fill Quantity1.0 liters1.06 quarts

Differential Carrier Assembly Specifications

Adhesives, Fluids, Lubricants, and Sealers

ApplicationType of MaterialGM Part Number
United StatesCanada
Differential LubricantSynthetic Gear Oil8902167789021678

Adhesives, Fluids, Lubricants, and Sealers

Scheme 1

Scheme 1: MH6
Scheme 1: MH6

Diagnostic Code Index

DTCDescription
DTC C0393DTC C0393 06 Rear Axle Coupling Solenoid Control Circuit Short to Ground or Open DTC C0393 0B Rear Axle Coupling Solenoid Control Circuit Current Above Threshold
DTC C0394DTC C0394 06 Rear Axle Coupling Solenoid Temperature Sensor Circuit Short to Ground or Open
DTC C0558DTC C0558 4B Calibration Data Not Programmed
DTC C0561DTC C0561 71 System Disabled Information Stored Invalid Serial Data Received

DIAGNOSTIC CODE INDEX

Diagnostic Instructions

  1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
  2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
  3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

Diagnostic Fault Information

CircuitShort to GroundOpen/High ResistanceShort to VoltageSignal Performance
High Clutch Solenoid ControlC0393 06C0393 06C0393 0B
Low Clutch Solenoid ControlC0393 06C0393 06C0393 0B

Circuit/System Description

The rear differential clutch control module (CCM) provides a power and ground switching circuits to the solenoid. The solenoid receives current from the CCM through PWM low side driver, and converts that signal into torque through the clutch to the rear tires when all wheel drive (AWD) is requested.

Conditions for Running the DTC

Ignition ON.

Conditions for Setting the DTC

C0393 06

  1. An open is detected on the high or low solenoid circuits.
  2. A short to ground is detected on the high or low solenoid circuit.

C0393 0B

A short to voltage is detected on the high or low solenoid circuit.

Action Taken When the DTC Sets

One or more of the following actions may occur

  1. All Wheel Drive Off (AWD Disabled), DIC message
  2. Service All Wheel Drive (Service AWD), DIC message

Conditions for Clearing the DTC

  1. The condition for the DTC is no longer present.
  2. The DTC is not detected in 40 consecutive drive cycles.

Reference Information

Schematic Reference

Connector End View Reference

Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

  1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
  2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
  3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
  4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

Circuit/System Testing

  1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the X1 harness connector at the rear differential clutch control module .
  2. Ignition ON, verify a test lamp does not illuminate between the control circuit terminals listed below and ground: terminal 5 terminal 3 If the test lamp illuminates, test the appropriate control circuit for a short to voltage.
  3. Ignition OFF, test for infinite resistance between the control circuit terminals listed below and ground: terminal 5 terminal 3 If less than the specified value, test the appropriate control circuit for a short to ground.
  4. Test for less than 5 ohms between the control circuit terminal 5 and control circuit terminal 3. If greater than the specified range, test both control circuits for an open/high resistance. If the circuits test normal, replace the differential clutch drum assembly.
  5. If all circuits test normal, replace the rear differential clutch control module.

Repair Instructions

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic procedure.

  1. «Differential Clutch Drum Assembly Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle)
  2. «Control Module References»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for CCM replacement, setup, and programming
  1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
  2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
  3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.
CircuitShort to GroundOpen/High ResistanceShort to VoltageSignal Performance
AWD Fluid Temperature Sensor SignalC0394 06C0394 06
AWD Fluid Temperature Sensor Low ReferenceC0394 06

The rear differential clutch control module (CCM) provides a power and ground circuits to the temperature sensor. When the temperature of the module is determined to be beyond its limits, the CCM will temporarily disable the rear drive system.

The ignition is ON.

An open or short to ground is detected on the temperature sensor circuits.

One or more of the following actions may occur

  1. All Wheel Drive Off (AWD Disabled), DIC message
  2. Service All Wheel Drive (Service AWD), DIC message
  1. The condition for the DTC is no longer present.
  2. The DTC is not detected in 40 consecutive drive cycles.

Schematic Reference

Connector End View Reference

Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

  1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
  2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
  3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
  4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

  1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the X1 harness connector at the rear differential clutch control module .
  2. Ignition ON, verify a test lamp does not illuminate between the signal circuit terminal 2 and ground: If the test lamp illuminates, test the signal circuit for a short to voltage.
  3. Ignition OFF, test for infinite resistance between the signal circuit terminal 2 and ground: If less than the specified value, test the signal circuit for a short to ground. If the circuit tests normal, replace the clutch assembly.
  4. Test for 310-113K ohms between the signal circuit terminal 2 and the low reference circuit terminal 4. If less than the specified range, test both circuits for a short together. If the circuits test normal, replace the differential clutch drum assembly. If greater than the specified range, test both circuits for an open/high resistance. If the circuits test normal, replace the differential clutch drum assembly.
  5. If all circuits test normal, replace the rear differential clutch control module.

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic procedure.

  1. «Differential Clutch Drum Assembly Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle)
  2. «Control Module References»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) for rear differential clutch control module replacement, setup, and programming
  1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
  2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
  3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

The rear differential clutch control module (CCM) is required to have the correct calibration data (matching ID) stored in the memory from the AWD coupling control, and is part of the programming used to perform all wheel drive functions.

Ignition voltage is greater than 9 volts.

The calibration data (matching ID) of the CCM is not programmed or incorrectly programmed.

One or more of the following actions may occur

  1. All Wheel Drive Off (AWD Disabled), DIC message
  2. Service All Wheel Drive (Service AWD), DIC message
  1. The condition for the DTC is no longer present.
  2. The DTC is not detected in 40 consecutive drive cycles.

Schematic Reference

Connector End View Reference

Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

  1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
  2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
  3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
  4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

Circuit/System Verification

Verify that DTC C0558 is not set.

  1. If the DTC is set, calibrate the CCM. If the DTC resets, replace the CCM.

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic procedure.

Control Module References for CCM replacement, setup, and programming

  1. Perform the «Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
  2. Review «Strategy Based Diagnosis»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information__strategy-based-diagnosis) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
  3. «Diagnostic Procedure Instructions»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information__diagnostic-procedure-instructions) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

The rear differential clutch control module (CCM) receives messages from other modules over serial data which are needed to perform all wheel drive functions.

Ignition voltage is greater than 9.5 volts.

The CCM receives an invalid message from the ECM or EBCM, over serial data which causes the CCM to deactivate.

One or more of the following actions may occur

  1. All Wheel Drive Off (AWD Disabled), DIC message.
  2. Service All Wheel Drive (Service AWD), DIC message.
  1. The condition for the DTC is no longer present.
  2. The DTC is not detected in 40 consecutive drive cycles.

Diagnostic Aids

DTC C0561 is an indicator that the CCM receives an invalid message from the ECM or EBCM , and does not necessarily indicate a fault is present with the CCM. This DTC should not be used as a fault indicator, but rather as a symptom to assist in the diagnosis of these other systems.

Schematic Reference

Connector End View Reference

Description and Operation

Electrical Information Reference

  1. «Circuit Testing»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__circuit-testing)
  2. «Connector Repairs»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__connector-repairs)
  3. «Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__testing-for-intermittent-conditions-and-poor)
  4. «Wiring Repairs»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__wiring-repairs)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

Verify that no DTCs are set in the ECM or EBCM.

  1. If DTCs are set, refer to «Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information__diagnostic-trouble-code-dtc-list) .

Strategy Based Diagnostics

Review the system operations in order to familiarize yourself with the system functions. Refer to Rear Drive Axle Description and Operation , , and Transfer Case Description and Operation , . All diagnosis on a vehicle should follow a logical process. Strategy based diagnostics is a uniform approach for repairing all systems. The diagnostic flow may always be used in order to resolve a system condition. The diagnostic flow is the place to start when repairs are necessary. For a detailed explanation, refer to Strategy Based Diagnosis .

Visual/Physical Inspection

  1. Inspect for aftermarket devices, which could affect the operation of the vehicle. Refer to «Checking Aftermarket Accessories»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#wiring-systems-and-power-management-diagnostic-information-and-procedures__checking-aftermarket-accessories) .
  2. Inspect the easily accessible or visible system components for obvious damage or conditions, which could cause the symptom.
  3. Check for the correct lubricant level and the proper viscosity.
  4. Verify the exact operating conditions under which the concern exists. Note factors such as vehicle speed, road conditions, ambient temperature, and other specifics.
  5. Compare the driving characteristics or sounds, if applicable, to a known good vehicle and make sure you are not trying to correct a normal condition.
  6. Inspect for all-wheel drive activation and operation. Refer to «All-Wheel Drive (AWD) System Functional Inspection»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) .
  7. Factors that may contribute to an inoperative rear differential include: Low gear oil levels Differential inoperative due to antilock brake system (ABS) function Inoperative powertrain control module (PCM) and/or wiring system A mini-spare or different size tire installed A fluid over-temperature condition An inoperative or "stuck" clutch pump check valve A defective rear differential assembly An inoperative transfer case assembly

Intermittent

Test the vehicle under the same conditions that the customer reported in order to verify the system is operating properly.

Symptom List

Refer to a symptom diagnostic procedure from the following list in order to diagnose the symptom

  1. «Symptoms - Vehicle»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/oem-general-information/#vehicle-diagnostic-information)
  2. «All-Wheel Drive (AWD) System Functional Inspection»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle)
  3. «Noisy in Drive»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle__noisy-in-drive)
  4. «Noisy When Coasting»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle__noisy-when-coasting)
  5. «Intermittent Noise»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle__intermittent-noise)
  6. «Constant Noise»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle__constant-noise)
  7. «Noisy on Turns»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle__noisy-on-turns)
  8. «Rear Differential Carrier Leak Diagnosis»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle__rear-differential-carrier-leak-diagnosis)

Functional Test

Rear axle activation and operation may be checked by positioning the four wheels off the ground, starting the vehicle, fully applying the parking brake, and selecting the drive position.

CAUTIONAvoid rear differential damage. Do not exceed 20 percent accelerator pedal application or apply throttle for more than 5 seconds while the parking brake is applied.

Lightly depress the accelerator pedal while watching the rear wheels. They will rotate slightly as the drive line winds-up. This indicates the all wheel drive (AWD) is functioning.

Noisy in Drive

CauseCorrection
Inspect for the proper gear oil levels prior to performing system diagnosis. Refer to Axle Lubricant Change .
Incorrect type fluid Installation of the incorrect type gear oil may create a "moan" type noise within 7 770-25 900 km (3-10,000 miles). Fluid that is "black" in color is to be considered normal and is darkened by the carbon material in the clutch plates.Replace the rear differential assembly as required. Fluid replacement will not correct a "moan" condition caused by the use of incorrect oil. Refer to Differential Replacement .
Water or contamination within the transmission oil Water or contamination within the transmission fluid, causing excessive torque converter clutch slip rate, may create a "grind, growl, or moan" in the rear differential or torque tube under light or steady load conditions.Replace the transmission fluid and flush the transfer case of the contaminated fluid.
Loose propeller shaft mounting boltsTighten the bolts as required. Refer to Propeller Shaft Replacement .
Worn propeller shaft constant velocity jointsReplace propeller shaft assembly. Refer to Propeller Shaft Replacement .
Worn axle shaft constant velocity jointsReplace the constant velocity joints as required.
Worn, loose, or missing differential mountsRepair or replace the differential mounts as required.
Loose torque tube bracket or a worn bracket bushingTighten the bracket bolts or replace the bracket as required.
Worn bearing in the torque tube assemblyReplace the torque tube assembly
Torque tube dampner loose or missing A "moan" or "exhaust leak" type noise at higher engine speeds, approximately 2,000-2,500 RPM, may indicate a loose or missing dampner.Tighten the dampner retaining bolt or replace the torque tube assembly as required.
Bearing noise within the differential assembly A "grinding" or "roar" type noise will increase or decrease relative to the vehicle speed.Check for the proper fluid level. Fill as required. If the noise continues, replace unit as required.
Gear set "whine" noise within the differential assembly A "whine" type noise will increase or decrease relative to the vehicle speed approximately 80-97 km/h (50-60 mph).Check for the proper fluid level. Fill as required. Replace unit as required.

Noisy in Drive

Noisy When Coasting

CauseCorrection
Inspect for the proper gear oil levels prior to performing system diagnosis. Refer to Axle Lubricant Change . A light "clunk" type noise during a downshift is to be considered a normal condition.
Loose propeller shaft mounting boltsTighten the bolts as required. Refer to Propeller Shaft Replacement .
Worn propeller shaft constant velocity jointsReplace the propeller shaft assembly. Refer to Propeller Shaft Replacement .
Worn axle shaft constant velocity jointsReplace the constant velocity joints as required.
Worn, loose, or missing differential mountsRepair or replace the differential mounts as required.
Loose torque tube bracket or a damaged bracket bushingTighten the bracket bolts or replace the bracket as required.
Worn bearing in the torque tube assemblyReplace the torque tube assembly.
Bearing noise within the differential assembly A "grinding" or "roar" type noise will increase or decrease relative to the vehicle speed.Check for the proper fluid level. Fill as required. If the noise continues, replace unit as required.
Gear set "whine" noise within the differential assembly A "whine" type noise will increase or decrease relative to the vehicle speed, approximately 80-97 km/h (50-60 mph).Check for the proper fluid level. Fill as required. Replace unit as required.

Noisy When Coasting

Intermittent Noise

CauseCorrection
Inspect for the proper gear oil levels prior to performing system diagnosis. Refer to Axle Lubricant Change .
Loose propeller shaft mounting boltsTighten the bolts as required. Refer to Propeller Shaft Replacement .
Worn, loose, or missing differential mountsRepair or replace the differential mounts as required.
Loose torque tube bracket or a damaged bracket bushingTighten the bracket bolts or replace the bracket as required.
Incorrect type fluid Installation of the incorrect type gear oil may create a "moan" type noise within 7 770-25 900 km (3-10,000 miles). Fluid that is "black" in color is to be considered normal and is darkened by the carbon material in the clutch plates.Replace the rear differential assembly as required. Fluid replacement will not correct a "moan" condition caused by the use of incorrect oil. Refer to Differential Replacement .

Intermittent Noise

Constant Noise

CauseCorrection
Inspect for the proper gear oil levels prior to performing system diagnosis. Refer to Axle Lubricant Change .
Low gear oil levelsFaulty oil seal or other type external leaks may contribute to lower than required fluid levels. Refer to Rear Differential Carrier Leak Diagnosis . Fill to proper level with gear oil GM P/N 12378514 (Canadian P/N 88901045).
Worn, loose, or missing differential mountsRepair or replace the differential mounts as required.
Worn propeller shaft constant velocity jointsReplace the propeller shaft assembly. Refer to Propeller Shaft Replacement .
Worn bearing in the torque tube assemblyReplace the torque tube assembly.
Bearing noise within the differential assembly A "grinding" or "roar" type noise will increase or decrease relative to the vehicle speed.Check for the proper fluid level. Fill as required. If the noise continues, replace unit as required.
Gear set "whine" noise within the differential assembly A "whine" type noise will increase or decrease relative to the vehicle speed, approximately 80-97 km/h (50-60 mph).Check for the proper fluid level. Fill as required. Replace unit as required.

Constant Noise

Noisy on Turns

CauseCorrection
Inspect for the proper gear oil levels prior to performing system diagnosis. Refer to Axle Lubricant Change . Operate the vehicle turning in tight circles in both left and right directions. A moan, groan, chatter, or a pulsing type concern may indicate a pump, valve, or clutch pack malfunction within the differential assembly.
Worn or loose rear differential mountsRepair or replace as required.
Loose torque tube bracket or a damaged bracket bushingTighten the bracket bolts or replace the bracket as required.
Worn axle shaft constant velocity jointsReplace the constant velocity joints as required.
Worn wheel bearingsReplace the wheel bearings as required.
Incorrect type fluid Installation of the incorrect type gear oil may create a "moan" type noise within 7 770-25 900 km (3-10,000 miles). Fluid that is "black" in color is to be considered normal and is darkened by the carbon material in the clutch plates.Replace the rear differential assembly as required. Fluid replacement will not correct a "moan" condition caused by the use of incorrect oil. Refer to Differential Replacement .
Worn clutch pack friction discsReplace the differential assembly.

Noisy on Turns

Rear Differential Carrier Leak Diagnosis

CauseCorrection
GM P/N 12378514 Hypoid Gear Oil has ultraviolet dye already included within the oil. Drain and fill the unit with new oil before using the J 28428-E high-intensity black light kit , when inspecting for leaks. J 28431-6 Flourescent oil dye - 6 1-oz is not approved for use.
Restricted or damaged ventilation tube assemblyReplace the ventilation tube as required.
Worn, scored, or missing drain and/or fill plug sealing washersInstall new sealing washers and tighten the plugs per specifications.
Worn or damaged drive pinion oil sealInspect the torque tube propeller shaft oil seal surface for excessive wear or damage. Inspect the torque tube propeller shaft bearings for wear or damage. A worn bearing may allow excessive movement of the propeller shaft within the torque tube. Replace the components as required.
Cut or damaged drive pinion housing O-ring sealReplace the O-ring seal as required.
Worn or damaged axle shaft oil sealsReplace the axle shaft oil seals as required.
Cut or damaged clutch pump check valve O-ring sealsReplace the O-ring seals as required.
Leaking clutch pump check valveReplace the clutch pump check valve assembly.
Carrier housing porosity or a leaking side cover seal surfaceReplace the differential assembly.

Rear Differential Carrier Leak Diagnosis

Removal Procedure

  1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#general-information__lifting-and-jacking-the-vehicle) .
  2. Remove the propeller shaft assembly. Refer to «Propeller Shaft Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/driveshaft-universal-joints/#propeller-shaft) .
  3. Remove the torque tube mounting bolt.
  4. Lower the torque tube to gain access to the clutch control module.
  5. Disconnect the electrical connectors from the clutch control module.
  6. Remove the screws for the clutch control module.
  7. Remove the clutch control module from the torque tube.

Installation Procedure

  1. Position the clutch control module on the torque tube.
  2. Install the mounting screws for the clutch control module. Tighten Tighten the screws to 8 N.m (71 lb in).
  3. Reconnect the electrical connectors for the clutch control module.
  4. Lift the torque back into position.
  5. Install the torque tube mounting bolt. Tighten Tighten the bolt to 185 N.m (137 lb ft).
  6. Install the propeller shaft. Refer to «Propeller Shaft Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/driveshaft-universal-joints/#propeller-shaft)
  7. Remove the support and lower the vehicle.
  8. Reprogram the clutch control module. Refer to «Control Module References»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) .

Scheme 2

Scheme 2: Rear Axle Lubricant Level Inspection
Scheme 2: Rear Axle Lubricant Level Inspection
CalloutComponent Name
Preliminary Procedure Raise the vehicle. Refer to Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle .
1Rear Differential Fill Plug CAUTION: Refer to Fastener Caution . Procedure If the fill drain plug seal is worn, replace the drain plug and seal. The fluid level should be even with the bottom of the threads of the fill hole. Tighten 35 N.m (26 lb ft)
CAUTION
Refer to Fastener Caution .

Rear Axle Lubricant Level Inspection

  1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#general-information__lifting-and-jacking-the-vehicle) .
  2. Remove the drain plug and gasket from the rear differential housing.
  1. Install the drain plug and gasket, then tighten to 35 N.m (26 lb ft).
  2. Remove the fill plug and gasket from the rear differential housing.
  3. Fill the rear differential with the proper synthetic gear lubricant. Refer to «Adhesives, Fluids, Lubricants, and Sealers»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle__adhesives-fluids-lubricants-and-sealers) .
  4. Inspect the gear oil level to ensure it is even with the bottom of the fill plug.
  5. Install the fill plug and gasket in the rear differential housing and tighten to 35 N.m (26 lb ft).
  6. Remove the support and lower the vehicle.
  1. Remove the torque tube assembly from the vehicle. Refer to «Driveline Torque Tube Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) .
  2. Remove the electrical harness retainer (1) from the torque tube (2).
  3. Disconnect the electrical connector (1) for the clutch control module (2).
  4. Position 2 pieces of wood along side of the torque tube.
  5. Position a piece of wood under the clutch assembly in the torque tube.
  6. Pick up the torque tube and with a quick downward motion, snap the torque tube to release the clutch drum assembly from the input shaft.
  7. Remove the clutch drum (1) assembly from the torque tube.
  8. Remove and discard the retaining clip (3) and the O-ring (4). DO NOT re-use, replace with NEW only.
  9. Remove the wiring harness and weather seal (2) from the torque tube.
  1. Install the NEW O-ring (4) and the retaining clip (3) on the clutch assembly.
  2. Install the clutch assembly (1) in the torque tube.
  3. Position the wiring harness and weather seal (2) in the torque tube.
  4. Install the electrical harness retaining clip (1) in the torque tube (2).
  5. Install the electrical connector (1) to the clutch control module (2).
  6. Install the torque tube assembly. Refer to «Driveline Torque Tube Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle)
  7. Program the rear differential clutch control module. Refer to «Control Module References»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/communication-devices/#programming-and-setup-all-systems__control-module-references) .

Scheme 3

Scheme 3: Differential Carrier Bushing Replacement - Front
Scheme 3: Differential Carrier Bushing Replacement - Front
CalloutComponent Name
Preliminary Procedure Remove the torque tube assembly. Refer to Driveline Torque Tube Replacement .
1Rear Differential Mount Bushing TIP: Use the appropriate tool to remove the bushing.

Differential Carrier Bushing Replacement - Front

Differential Carrier Bushing Replacement - Rear

Tools Required

J-45725 Cradle Bushing Replacer

  1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#general-information__lifting-and-jacking-the-vehicle) .
  2. Remove the rear differential assembly. Refer to «Differential Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) .
  3. Mark a reference point on the frame and old bushing at the 12 and 6 o'clock position to use to align the new bushing.
  4. Position the J-45725-1A (1) on the bushing (2).
  5. Position the J-45725-2A (1) on the frame.
  6. Install the threaded rod, bearing and washers.
  7. Adjust the nuts so that they are touching the J-45725-1A (2) and the J-45725-2A (1).
  8. Install the proper size wrenches on the nuts.
  9. While holding the front wrench (1) rotate the rear wrench (2) to remove the bushing.
  10. Remove the special tools.
  11. Remove the bushing from the frame.
  1. Before the installation of the new bushing, use a straight edge draw a line on the new bushing at the 12 and 6 o'clock positions. Ensure that the grooves (1) are at the 12 and 6 o'clock positions.
  2. Position the new bushing so that the reference marks on the frame and the bushing are in alignment. This will ensure that the new bushing will be within the 5 degree specification required for the proper alignment of the bushing.
  3. Using a block of wood and a hammer, slightly tap the bushing into the frame.
  4. Assemble the threaded rod, bearings and washers as indicated in step 7 in the removal procedure.
  5. Position the J-45725-2 (2) on the inside of the frame.
  6. Position J-45725-2A (1) on the outside of the frame.
  7. Adjust the nuts so that they are touching the J-45725-2 (1) and the J-45725-2A (2).
  8. While holding the front wrench (2) rotate the rear wrench (1) to install the bushing.
  9. Remove the special tools.
  10. Install the rear differential assembly. Refer to «Differential Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) .
  11. Lower the vehicle.
  1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#general-information__lifting-and-jacking-the-vehicle) .
  2. Remove the propeller shaft assembly. Refer to «Propeller Shaft Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/driveshaft-universal-joints/#propeller-shaft) .
  3. Remove the torque tube mounting bolt.
  4. Disconnect the electrical connector from the clutch control module.
  5. Remove the clutch control module, if needed. Refer to «Rear Differential Clutch Control Module Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) .
  6. Remove the torque tube mounting bolts (1) from the rear differential.
  7. Remove the torque tube gasket (2) from the rear differential and the alignment pins (4).
  8. Remove the torque tube assembly (3) from the rear differential assembly.
  9. Remove the torque tube assembly (3) from the vehicle.
  1. Install the NEW torque tube gasket (2) to the rear differential assembly.
  2. Position torque tube (3) on the alignment pins (4) on the rear differential.
  3. Using a suitable jack stand support the torque tube assembly.
  4. Hand tighten the torque tube to differential bolts (1) before torquing to specifications.
  5. Torque the mounting bolts (1) to specifications. Tighten Tighten the bolts to 55 N.m (40 lb ft).
  6. Install the clutch control module, if needed. Refer to «Rear Differential Clutch Control Module Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) .
  7. Install the electrical connector for the clutch control module.
  8. Using the jack stand or the aide of an assistant reposition the torque tube to allow installation of the mounting bolt.
  9. Install the torque tube mounting bolt. Tighten Tighten the bolt to 185 N.m (137 lb ft).
  10. Install the propeller shaft assembly. Refer to «Propeller Shaft Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/driveshaft-universal-joints/#propeller-shaft) .
  11. Remove the support and lower the vehicle.

Scheme 4

Scheme 4: Differential Carrier Cover and Seal Replacement - Left Side
Scheme 4: Differential Carrier Cover and Seal Replacement - Left Side
CalloutComponent Name
Preliminary Procedure Remove the rear differential assembly. Refer to Differential Replacement .
1Differential Side Cover Bolt (Qty: 9) CAUTION: Refer to Fastener Caution . Finger tighten the bolts before torquing to specification. Tighten the bolts in a criss-cross pattern. Tighten 28 N.m (21 lb ft)
2Differential Side Cover TIP: Inspect the differential side cover for any damage. If the side cover is damaged, replace the differential assembly. The side cover is not serviced separately.
3Differential Side Cover Seal Before installing the side cover seal, ensure that the groove for the side cover seal is free of dirt and debris. This will ensure that the seal seat properly in the differential housing. Apply a small amount of clean oil to the side cover seal.
CAUTION
Refer to Fastener Caution .

Differential Carrier Cover and Seal Replacement - Left Side

Scheme 5

Scheme 5: Drive Pinion Flange/Yoke and/or Oil Seal Replacement
Scheme 5: Drive Pinion Flange/Yoke and/or Oil Seal Replacement
CalloutComponent Name
Preliminary Procedures Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle . Remove the torque tube assembly. Refer to Driveline Torque Tube Replacement .
1Differential Pinion Seal Procedure Install a sheet metal screw into the seal. Attach a pair of pliers or a slider hammer to the screw and remove the seal. Inspect the fluid level. Refer to Axle Lubricant Change . TIP: The pinion flange, the nut and the dust cover are NOT SERVICED separately. These items are serviced with the torque tube assembly. Special Tools J 44636-1 Front Output Shaft Seal Protector

Drive Pinion Flange/Yoke and/or Oil Seal Replacement

  1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to «Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/ignition-switchsteering-lock/#general-information__lifting-and-jacking-the-vehicle) .
  2. Remove the tires and wheels. Refer to «Tire and Wheel Removal and Installation»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/wheel-tire-system/#tires-and-wheels__tire-and-wheel-removal-and-installation) .
  3. Drain the rear differential assembly. Refer to «Axle Lubricant Change»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) .
  4. Remove the rear wheel drive shafts. Refer to «Rear Wheel Drive Shaft and Rear Axle Shaft Seal Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/axle-shafts/#wheel-drive-shafts__rear-wheel-drive-shaft-and-rear) .
  5. Remove the propeller shaft assembly. Refer to «Propeller Shaft Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/driveshaft-universal-joints/#propeller-shaft) .
  6. Remove the front torque tube mounting bracket bolt.
  7. Lower the front of the torque tube to gain access to the electronic clutch control module.
  8. Disconnect the electrical connector from the electronic clutch control module.
  9. Support the torque tube with a jack stand.
  10. Support the rear differential assembly with a transmission jack.
  11. Remove the rear differential drive mounting bolts.
  12. With the aide of an assistant, remove the rear differential assembly from the vehicle.
  13. Remove the torque tube assembly mounting bolts from the rear differential assembly. Refer to «Driveline Torque Tube Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) .
  1. Install the torque tube assembly to the rear differential assembly. Refer to «Driveline Torque Tube Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) .
  2. Position the rear differential in the vehicle.
  3. Install the rear differential mounting bolts. Tighten Tighten the bolts to 160 N.m (118 lb ft).
  4. Reconnect the electrical connector for the electronic clutch control module.
  5. Lift the torque tube into position.
  6. Install the torque tube bolt. Tighten Tighten the bolt to 185 N.m (137 lb ft).
  7. Install the propeller shaft assembly. Refer to «Propeller Shaft Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/driveshaft-universal-joints/#propeller-shaft) .
  8. Refill the rear differential assembly. Refer to «Axle Lubricant Change»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/differentials-drive-axles/#rear-drive-axle) .
  9. Install the rear wheel drive shaft. Refer to «Rear Wheel Drive Shaft and Rear Axle Shaft Seal Replacement»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/axle-shafts/#wheel-drive-shafts__rear-wheel-drive-shaft-and-rear) .
  10. Install the tires and wheels. Refer to «Tire and Wheel Removal and Installation»(/buick/enclave/i-2007-2013/remont/wheel-tire-system/#tires-and-wheels__tire-and-wheel-removal-and-installation) .
  11. Remove the support and lower the vehicle.

Torque Tube Assembly Cleaning and Inspection

  1. Check the torque tube for the following conditions: Damage to the driver flange Cracks or dents on the exterior of the torque tube Operation of all bearings Machine surfaces for abnormal wear
  2. If any of the above conditions are found to be present, replace the torque tube assembly.

Scheme 6

Scheme 6: Rear Drive Axle Description and Operation
Scheme 6: Rear Drive Axle Description and Operation

The rear drive axle assembly in this vehicle consists of an aluminum housing which contains an electric clutch which is located in the driveline torque tube (for vehicles equipped with all wheel drive AWD only) and separate from the rear drive. The differential fluid is only contained in the rear drive axle portion of the rear differential assembly.

The clutch assembly for AWD vehicles is serviced separately from the driveline torque tube assembly. The clutch control module (CCM) is located on the torque tube housing and is also serviced separately.

The clutch assembly contains automatic transmission fluid (ATF). There is a seal that protects the driveline torque tube from the ATF contained inside the clutch assembly. Another seal protects the clutch assembly from gear oil.

The fluid level range for proper rear drive axle assembly operation is 0.8 to 1.0 liter depending on the housing design (location of the fill/inspection pug). New service replacement units will be shipped dry (without fluid). Fill new units with 0.8 liter of GL Synthetic fluid. More importantly, the minimum fluid level should be even with the bottom of the fill hole.

The driveline torque tube houses the third section of the propeller shaft for packaging purposes only. There is one bearing at each end of the torque tube assembly.

The rear drive axle system operates as follows

  1. System distributes torque evenly between the 2 rear wheels.
  2. The system distributes torque to the rear wheels to enhance traction and improve vehicle handling performance.
  3. The rear differential clutch control assembly contains a main clutch, pilot clutch, electromagnetic coil, rear wheel shaft, main cam, pilot cam.
  4. The clutch control module operates by utilizing a clutch pack for transferring torque. The engagement mechanism consists of an electromagnetic coil and armature which modulates torque through a pilot clutch and thrust amplification device.
  5. The rear differential has a micro computer which receives information from the clutch control module (CCM).
  6. The CCM has an internal temperature sensor, which will maintain consistent and continuous temperature compensation for torque transfer from -40°C to +120°C. When the temperature of the module is determined to be beyond its limits, the CCM will temporarily disable the rear drive system and turn on the AWD Disabled message. When the temperature of the module is back within the limits, the CCM will enable the rear drive system. The temperature sensor and coil are internal to the rear differential, and is replace as an assembly.
  7. If the vehicle is being driven very aggressively, and or an unexpected tire size has been used, the AWD disabled message will be turned on. This should not result in the replacement of CCM module.
  8. The AWD disable message will be turned on if the mini-spare tire or a very small sized tire has been installed. This should not result in the replacement of CCM module.
  9. The clutch coil receives current from the CCM which is used to modulate torque through the use of the engagement mechanism. The greater the current the greater the torque. The safe current range is between 0.1-3.0-amps. If the current range is not within those values we have DTCs that set and the Service AWD message will appear. The temperature sensor and coil are internal to the differential, and is replace as an assembly.
  10. The module uses vehicle speed, steering angle, wheel slip, thermal compensation, and chassis control intervention to determine current. These are messages on GMLAN from other modules.
  11. Replace the CCM, the CCM needs to be configured for the clutch control calibrations. The connector on the clutch (that plugs into the CCM) will have a 2 digit value. Use that 2 digit value to program the CCM using the Tech 2.
  12. Voltage for our module is between 5-24 volts. We set a low voltage code but not a high voltage code as we can withstand a voltage up to 24 volts.
  13. Displays 2 messages in DIC or IP. Amber AWD Disabled (All Wheel Drive Off) - DIC Service All Wheel Drive.

Special Tools

Illustration Tool Number/Description J-44636-1 Pinion Seal Installer J-44809 Seal Installer J-45725-A Frame Bushing Installer

Scheme 7

Scheme 7: Special Tools
Scheme 7: Special Tools

Scheme 8

Scheme 8
Scheme 8

See also:
• Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle
• Strategy Based Diagnosis
• Diagnostic Procedure Instructions
• COMPONENT CONNECTOR END VIEWS - INDEX
• Circuit Testing
• Connector Repairs
• Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
• Wiring Repairs
• Control Module References
• Diagnostic Repair Verification
• Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle
• Transfer Case Description and Operation
• Checking Aftermarket Accessories
• Propeller Shaft Replacement
• Lifting and Jacking the Vehicle
• Fastener Caution
• Tire and Wheel Removal and Installation
• Rear Wheel Drive Shaft and Rear Axle Shaft Seal Replacement
• DTC C0393
• Noisy in Drive
• Noisy When Coasting
• Intermittent Noise
• Constant Noise
• Noisy on Turns
• Rear Differential Carrier Leak Diagnosis
• Adhesives, Fluids, Lubricants, and Sealers